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Free Convection: Power vs. Temperature

This document describes an experiment on free convection. Free convection occurs as heated air rises from a surface and is replaced by cooler air, continuing the cycle. The experiment measured the relationship between input power to a heated plate and the resulting surface temperature. Results showed that as input power increased from 5 to 20 Watts, the surface temperature rose from 38.2 to 60 degrees Celsius above the ambient air temperature of 20 degrees. The larger the temperature difference between the surface and air, the greater the convective heat transfer from the surface.

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Safwan Bakrmany
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152 views5 pages

Free Convection: Power vs. Temperature

This document describes an experiment on free convection. Free convection occurs as heated air rises from a surface and is replaced by cooler air, continuing the cycle. The experiment measured the relationship between input power to a heated plate and the resulting surface temperature. Results showed that as input power increased from 5 to 20 Watts, the surface temperature rose from 38.2 to 60 degrees Celsius above the ambient air temperature of 20 degrees. The larger the temperature difference between the surface and air, the greater the convective heat transfer from the surface.

Uploaded by

Safwan Bakrmany
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Free Convection

Name : Karzan Muhammed Salih

Lecture : Unit Operation Practical

Group : B

Date : 11\4\2020

1
Objective:
To demonstrate the relationship between input power and surface temperature
in free convection.

Introduction:
A heated surface dissipates heat primarily through a process called convection.
Heat is also dissipated by conduction and radiation, however these effects are not
considered in this experiment. Air in contact with the hot surface is heated by the
surface and rises due to a reduction in density. The heated air is replaced by
cooler air which is in turn heated by the surface and rises. This process is called
free convection.

The hotter the temperature of the surface, the greater the convective currents
and more heat (power) will be dissipated. If more power is supplied to a surface,
the temperature of the surface must rise to dissipate this power.

2
Procedure :

1. Clamp the flat plate surface into the duct by using the two toggle clamps.

2. Connect the heater power supply lead to the socket at the front side of the

display and control unit.

3. Connect the temperature probe lead to the socket at the front side of the

display and control unit. Then connect the temperature probe to the socket at the

base of flat plate surface.

4. Switch on the main power supply.

5. Set the heater power supplied to the flat plate surface by rotating the power

control knob clockwise.

6. After the device reached steady state condition, record the plate temperature

(Th) , air ambient temperature (TA)

3
Calculation & Result:

Input power W Plate Temperature (TH) C (TH – Ta) C0


5 38.2 18.2
10 45 25
15 52.3 32.3
20 60 40

Note \ Ta = 20 C0

(Th – Ta)1 = 38.2 -20= 18.2 C0

(Th – Ta)2 = 45-20 = 25 C0

(Th – Ta)3 = 52.3-20 = 32.3 C0

(Th – Ta)4 = 60-20 = 40 C0

Discussion & Concolution :


In this experiment we know that , It was noted that by increasing the power input
the temperature of heated plate was increased like in . Similarly, by increasing the
power input, with increment in temperature of plate, however, the energy of
4
molecules was also increased. When the molecular energy was studied on
microscopic level, it was noticed that molecules enhanced their motion.

- The determination of the different type of extended surfaces heat transfer is a


succes and it can be concluded that the Finned type of extended surface achieved
a higher heat transfer than the Pinned type of extended surface. This is due to the
total surface area exposed to the air is greater for the Finned than the Pinned
extended surface.

power input
25

20

15

10

0
15 20 25 30 35 40 45
TH -TA

Typical graph of power against surface temperature

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