Table of Contents AP1000 Design Control Document

TIER 2 MASTER TABLE OF CONTENTS

Section Title Page

TIER 2 LIST OF EFFECTIVE PAGES .............................................................................. 1

LIST OF TIER 2 REVISION 1 PAGES ...................................................................... xxxiii
LIST OF TIER 2 REVISION 2 PAGES ......................................................................... xliii
TIER 2 REVISION 3 CHANGE ROADMAP ................................................................. xlv
TIER 2 REVISION 4 CHANGE ROADMAP ................................................................ lxiv
TIER 2 REVISION 5 CHANGE ROADMAP ............................................................... lxxv
TIER 2 REVISION 6 CHANGE ROADMAP ............................................................ lxxviii
TIER 2 REVISION 7 CHANGE ROADMAP .............................................................. lxxxi
TIER 2 REVISION 8 CHANGE ROADMAP .................................................................. xc
TIER 2 REVISION 9 CHANGE ROADMAP ............................................................. xcviii
TIER 2 REVISION 10 CHANGE ROADMAP ........................................................... xcviii
TIER 2 REVISION 11 CHANGE ROADMAP ............................................................. cviii
TIER 2 REVISION 12 CHANGE ROADMAP .............................................................. cxii
TIER 2 REVISION 13 CHANGE ROADMAP ............................................................. cxiv
TIER 2 REVISION 14 CHANGE ROADMAP ............................................................. cxvi
TIER 2 REVISION 15 CHANGE ROADMAP ............................................................. cxix
TIER 2 REVISION 16 CHANGE ROADMAP .............................................................. cxx
TIER 2 REVISION 17 CHANGE ROADMAP ............................................................. clxii
TIER 2 REVISION 18 CHANGE ROADMAP .............................................................ccvii
TIER 2 REVISION 19 CHANGE ROADMAP .............................................................cclvi

VOLUME 2

CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION AND GENERAL DESCRIPTION OF THE PLANT .................... 1.1-1

1.1 Introduction ................................................................................................................... 1.1-1
1.1.1 Plant Location ............................................................................................... 1.1-1
1.1.2 Containment Type......................................................................................... 1.1-1
1.1.3 Reactor Type ................................................................................................. 1.1-1
1.1.4 Power Output ................................................................................................ 1.1-1
1.1.5 Schedule........................................................................................................ 1.1-1
1.1.6 Format and Content ...................................................................................... 1.1-2
1.1.7 Combined License Information..................................................................... 1.1-2
1.2 General Plant Description ............................................................................................. 1.2-1
1.2.1 Design Criteria, Operating Characteristics, and Safety Considerations ........ 1.2-1
1.2.2 Site Description........................................................................................... 1.2-13
1.2.3 Plant Arrangement Description ................................................................... 1.2-15
1.2.4 Nuclear Island ............................................................................................. 1.2-15
1.2.5 Annex Building........................................................................................... 1.2-22
1.2.6 Diesel Generator Building .......................................................................... 1.2-23
1.2.7 Radwaste Building ...................................................................................... 1.2-24
1.2.8 Turbine Building......................................................................................... 1.2-24
1.2.9 Combined License Information ................................................................... 1.2-25
1.3 Comparisons With Similar Facility Designs ................................................................. 1.3-1
1.4 Identification of Agents and Contractors ....................................................................... 1.4-1

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1.4.1 Applicant – Program Manager ...................................................................... 1.4-1

1.4.2 Other Contractors and Participants ............................................................... 1.4-1
1.4.3 Combined License Information .................................................................... 1.4-3
1.5 Requirements for Further Technical Information .......................................................... 1.5-1
1.5.1 AP600 Safety-Related Tests ......................................................................... 1.5-1
1.5.2 AP600 Component Design Tests .................................................................. 1.5-7
1.5.3 Combined License Information .................................................................... 1.5-8
1.5.4 References .................................................................................................... 1.5-8
1.6 Material Referenced ...................................................................................................... 1.6-1
1.7 Drawings and Other Detailed Information .................................................................... 1.7-1
1.7.1 Electrical and Instrumentation and Control Drawings .................................. 1.7-1
1.7.2 Piping and Instrumentation Diagrams ........................................................... 1.7-1
1.7.3 Combined License Information .................................................................... 1.7-1
1.8 Interfaces for Standard Design ...................................................................................... 1.8-1
1.9 Compliance with Regulatory Criteria ............................................................................ 1.9-1
1.9.1 Regulatory Guides ........................................................................................ 1.9-1
1.9.2 Compliance With Standard Review Plan (NUREG-0800) ........................... 1.9-4
1.9.3 Three Mile Island Issues ............................................................................... 1.9-4
1.9.4 Unresolved Safety Issues and Generic Safety Issues................................... 1.9-25
1.9.5 Advanced Light Water Reactor Certification Issues ................................... 1.9-70
1.9.6 References................................................................................................... 1.9-99

APPENDIX 1A CONFORMANCE WITH REGULATORY GUIDES ................................................ 1A-1

1A.1 References ................................................................................................................... 1A-72

APPENDIX 1B SEVERE ACCIDENT MITIGATION DESIGN ALTERNATIVES .......................... 1B-1

1B.1 AP1000 SAMDA Evaluation ........................................................................................ 1B-1
1B.1.1 Introduction................................................................................................... 1B-1
1B.1.2 Summary ....................................................................................................... 1B-1
1B.1.3 Selection and Description of SAMDAs ........................................................ 1B-2
1B.1.4 Methodology ................................................................................................. 1B-9
1B.1.5 Summary of Risk Significant Enhancements .............................................. 1B-12
1B.1.6 Specific Site Characteristics........................................................................ 1B-13
1B.1.7 Value of Eliminating Risk........................................................................... 1B-13
1B.1.8 Evaluation of Potential Improvements ........................................................ 1B-15
1B.1.9 Results ........................................................................................................ 1B-17
1B.2 References ................................................................................................................... 1B-17

VOLUME 3

CHAPTER 2 SITE CHARACTERISTICS ............................................................................................ 2-1

2.1 Geography and Demography............................................................................................ 2-1
2.1.1 Combined License Information for Geography and Demography ................... 2-1
2.2 Nearby Industrial, Transportation, and Military Facilities................................................ 2-1

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2.2.1 Combined License Information for Identification of Site-Specific

Potential Hazards ............................................................................................. 2-3
2.3 Meteorology ..................................................................................................................... 2-3
2.3.1 Regional Climatology ...................................................................................... 2-3
2.3.2 Local Meteorology ........................................................................................... 2-3
2.3.3 Onsite Meteorological Measurement Programs ............................................... 2-3
2.3.4 Short-Term Diffusion Estimates ...................................................................... 2-3
2.3.5 Long-Term Diffusion Estimates ...................................................................... 2-4
2.3.6 Combined License Information ....................................................................... 2-4
2.4 Hydrologic Engineering ................................................................................................... 2-5
2.4.1 Combined License Information ....................................................................... 2-5
2.5 Geology, Seismology, and Geotechnical Engineering ...................................................... 2-6
2.5.1 Basic Geological and Seismic Combined License Information ....................... 2-7
2.5.2 Vibratory Ground Motion ................................................................................ 2-7
2.5.3 Surface Faulting Combined License Information .......................................... 2-10
2.5.4 Stability and Uniformity of Subsurface Materials and Foundations .............. 2-11
2.5.5 Combined License Information for Stability of Slopes .................................. 2-20
2.5.6 Combined License Information for Embankments and Dams........................ 2-20
2.6 References ...................................................................................................................... 2-20

CHAPTER 3 DESIGN OF STRUCTURES, COMPONENTS, EQUIPMENT

AND SYSTEMS ........................................................................................................... 3.1-1
3.1 Conformance with Nuclear Regulatory Commission General Design Criteria.............. 3.1-1
3.1.1 Overall Requirements ................................................................................... 3.1-1
3.1.2 Protection by Multiple Fission Product Barriers ........................................... 3.1-4
3.1.3 Protection and Reactivity Control Systems ................................................. 3.1-11
3.1.4 Fluid Systems.............................................................................................. 3.1-17
3.1.5 Reactor Containment .................................................................................. 3.1-28
3.1.6 Fuel and Reactivity Control ........................................................................ 3.1-32
3.1.7 Combined License Information................................................................... 3.1-35
3.1.8 References................................................................................................... 3.1-35
3.2 Classification of Structures, Components, and Systems ................................................ 3.2-1
3.2.1 Seismic Classification ................................................................................... 3.2-1
3.2.2 AP1000 Classification System ...................................................................... 3.2-3
3.2.3 Inspection Requirements ............................................................................. 3.2-12
3.2.4 Application of AP1000 Safety-Related Equipment and Seismic
Classification System .................................................................................. 3.2-13
3.2.5 Combined License Information ................................................................... 3.2-16
3.2.6 References................................................................................................... 3.2-16
3.3 Wind and Tornado Loadings ......................................................................................... 3.3-1
3.3.1 Wind Loadings.............................................................................................. 3.3-1
3.3.2 Tornado Loadings ......................................................................................... 3.3-1
3.3.3 Combined License Information ..................................................................... 3.3-4
3.3.4 References..................................................................................................... 3.3-5

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3.4 Water Level (Flood) Design .......................................................................................... 3.4-1

3.4.1 Flood Protection ............................................................................................ 3.4-1
3.4.2 Analytical and Test Procedures ................................................................... 3.4-24
3.4.3 Combined License Information ................................................................... 3.4-24
3.4.4 References................................................................................................... 3.4-24
3.5 Missile Protection .......................................................................................................... 3.5-1
3.5.1 Missile Selection and Description ................................................................. 3.5-3
3.5.2 Protection from Externally Generated Missiles ........................................... 3.5-12
3.5.3 Barrier Design Procedures .......................................................................... 3.5-13
3.5.4 Combined License Information ................................................................... 3.5-15
3.5.5 References................................................................................................... 3.5-16
3.6 Protection Against the Dynamic Effects Associated with the Postulated
Rupture of Piping .......................................................................................................... 3.6-1
3.6.1 Postulated Piping Failures in Fluid Systems Inside and Outside
Containment.................................................................................................. 3.6-2
3.6.2 Determination of Break Locations and Dynamic Effects Associated
with the Postulated Rupture of Piping ........................................................ 3.6-11
3.6.3 Leak-before-Break Evaluation Procedures .................................................. 3.6-29
3.6.4 Combined License Information ................................................................... 3.6-35
3.6.5 References................................................................................................... 3.6-36
3.7 Seismic Design .............................................................................................................. 3.7-1
3.7.1 Seismic Input ................................................................................................ 3.7-1
3.7.2 Seismic System Analysis............................................................................... 3.7-7
3.7.3 Seismic Subsystem Analysis ....................................................................... 3.7-22
3.7.4 Seismic Instrumentation .............................................................................. 3.7-46
3.7.5 Combined License Information ................................................................... 3.7-49
3.7.6 References................................................................................................... 3.7-50

VOLUME 4

3.8 Design of Category I Structures .................................................................................... 3.8-1

3.8.1 Concrete Containment................................................................................... 3.8-1
3.8.2 Steel Containment ......................................................................................... 3.8-1
3.8.3 Concrete and Steel Internal Structures of Steel Containment...................... 3.8-18
3.8.4 Other Category I Structures......................................................................... 3.8-42
3.8.5 Foundations................................................................................................. 3.8-65
3.8.6 Combined License Information ................................................................... 3.8-76
3.8.7 References................................................................................................... 3.8-77
3.9 Mechanical Systems and Components .......................................................................... 3.9-1
3.9.1 Special Topics for Mechanical Components ................................................. 3.9-1
3.9.2 Dynamic Testing and Analysis.................................................................... 3.9-28
3.9.3 ASME Code Classes 1, 2, and 3 Components, Component Supports,
and Core Support Structures ....................................................................... 3.9-43

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3.9.4 Control Rod Drive System (CRDS) ............................................................ 3.9-68

3.9.5 Reactor Pressure Vessel Internals ............................................................... 3.9-78
3.9.6 Inservice Testing of Pumps and Valves ...................................................... 3.9-84
3.9.7 Integrated Head Package ............................................................................. 3.9-93
3.9.8 Combined License Information ................................................................... 3.9-97
3.9.9 References................................................................................................... 3.9-99
3.10 Seismic and Dynamic Qualification of Seismic Category I Mechanical and
Electrical Equipment ................................................................................................... 3.10-1
3.10.1 Seismic and Dynamic Qualification Criteria ............................................... 3.10-2
3.10.2 Methods and Procedures for Qualifying Electrical Equipment,
Instrumentation, and Mechanical Components ........................................... 3.10-3
3.10.3 Method and Procedures for Qualifying Supports of Electrical
Equipment, Instrumentation, and Mechanical Components........................ 3.10-7
3.10.4 Documentation ............................................................................................ 3.10-7
3.10.5 Standard Review Plan Evaluation ............................................................... 3.10-8
3.10.6 Combined License Information Item on Experienced-Based
Qualification ............................................................................................... 3.10-8
3.10.7 References................................................................................................... 3.10-8
3.11 Environmental Qualification of Mechanical and Electrical Equipment ...................... 3.11-1
3.11.1 Equipment Identification and Environmental Conditions ........................... 3.11-1
3.11.2 Qualification Tests and Analysis................................................................. 3.11-3
3.11.3 Loss of Ventilation ...................................................................................... 3.11-4
3.11.4 Estimated Radiation and Chemical Environment........................................ 3.11-5
3.11.5 Combined License Information Item for Equipment Qualification File...... 3.11-5
3.11.6 References................................................................................................... 3.11-5

VOLUME 5

APPENDIX 3A HVAC DUCTS AND DUCT SUPPORTS.................................................................. 3A-1

3A.1 Codes and Standards ..................................................................................................... 3A-1
3A.2 Loads and Load Combinations ...................................................................................... 3A-1
3A.2.1 Loads ............................................................................................................ 3A-1
3A.2.2 Load Combinations ....................................................................................... 3A-2
3A.3 Analysis and Design ...................................................................................................... 3A-3
3A.3.1 Response Due to Seismic Loads ................................................................... 3A-3
3A.3.2 Deflection Criteria ........................................................................................ 3A-3
3A.3.3 Relative Movement ....................................................................................... 3A-3
3A.3.4 Allowable Stresses ........................................................................................ 3A-4
3A.3.5 Connections .................................................................................................. 3A-4

APPENDIX 3B LEAK-BEFORE-BREAK EVALUATION OF THE AP1000 PIPING ...................... 3B-1

3B.1 Leak-before-Break Criteria for AP1000 Piping............................................................. 3B-2
3B.2 Potential Failure Mechanisms for AP1000 Piping ........................................................ 3B-2
3B.2.1 Erosion-Corrosion Induced Wall Thinning ................................................... 3B-2

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3B.2.2 Stress Corrosion Cracking ............................................................................ 3B-3

3B.2.3 Water Hammer .............................................................................................. 3B-5
3B.2.4 Fatigue .......................................................................................................... 3B-6
3B.2.5 Thermal Aging .............................................................................................. 3B-7
3B.2.6 Thermal Stratification ................................................................................... 3B-7
3B.2.7 Other Mechanisms ........................................................................................ 3B-9
3B.3 Leak-before-Break Bounding Analysis ......................................................................... 3B-9
3B.3.1 Procedure for Stainless Steel Piping ........................................................... 3B-10
3B.3.2 Procedure for Non-stainless Steel Piping .................................................... 3B-12
3B.3.3 Evaluation of Piping System Using Bounding Analysis Curves ................. 3B-14
3B.3.4 Bounding Analysis Results ......................................................................... 3B-16
3B.4 Differences in Leak-before-Break Analysis for Stainless Steel and Ferritic
Steel Pipe .................................................................................................................... 3B-16
3B.5 Differences in Inspection Criteria for Class 1, 2, and 3 Systems ................................. 3B-16
3B.6 Differences in Fabrication Requirements of ASME Class 1, Class 2, and
Class 3 Piping ............................................................................................................. 3B-17
3B.7 Sensitivity Study for the Constraint Effect on LBB .................................................... 3B-17
3B.8 References ................................................................................................................... 3B-17

APPENDIX 3C REACTOR COOLANT LOOP ANALYSIS METHODS........................................... 3C-1

3C.1 Reactor Coolant Loop Model Description ..................................................................... 3C-1
3C.1.1 Steam Generator Model ................................................................................ 3C-1
3C.1.2 Reactor Coolant Pump Model ....................................................................... 3C-2
3C.1.3 Reactor Pressure Vessel Model ..................................................................... 3C-2
3C.1.4 Containment Interior Building Structure Model ........................................... 3C-2
3C.1.5 Reactor Coolant Loop Piping Model ............................................................ 3C-3
3C.2 Design Requirements .................................................................................................... 3C-3
3C.3 Static Analyses .............................................................................................................. 3C-3
3C.3.1 Deadweight Analysis .................................................................................... 3C-3
3C.3.2 Internal Pressure Analysis ............................................................................. 3C-4
3C.3.3 Thermal Expansion Analysis ........................................................................ 3C-4
3C.4 Seismic Analyses........................................................................................................... 3C-4
3C.5 Reactor Coolant Loop Piping Stresses .......................................................................... 3C-5
3C.6 Description of Computer Programs ............................................................................... 3C-5

APPENDIX 3D METHODOLOGY FOR QUALIFYING AP1000 SAFETY-RELATED

ELECTRICAL AND MECHANICAL EQUIPMENT ................................................. 3D-1
3D.1 Purpose.......................................................................................................................... 3D-2
3D.2 Scope ............................................................................................................................. 3D-2
3D.3 Introduction ................................................................................................................... 3D-3
3D.4 Qualification Criteria..................................................................................................... 3D-3
3D.4.1 Qualification Guides ..................................................................................... 3D-3
3D.4.2 Definitions .................................................................................................... 3D-7

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3D.4.3 Mild Versus Harsh Environments ................................................................. 3D-7

3D.4.4 Test Sequence ............................................................................................... 3D-8
3D.4.5 Aging ............................................................................................................ 3D-9
3D.4.6 Operability Time ......................................................................................... 3D-12
3D.4.7 Performance Criterion ................................................................................. 3D-12
3D.4.8 Margin ........................................................................................................ 3D-12
3D.4.9 Treatment of Failures .................................................................................. 3D-15
3D.4.10 Traceability ................................................................................................. 3D-15
3D.5 Design Specifications .................................................................................................. 3D-16
3D.5.1 Normal Operating Conditions ..................................................................... 3D-17
3D.5.2 Abnormal Operating Conditions ................................................................. 3D-18
3D.5.3 Seismic Events ............................................................................................ 3D-19
3D.5.4 Containment Test Environment .................................................................. 3D-19
3D.5.5 Design Basis Event Conditions ................................................................... 3D-19
3D.6 Qualification Methods ................................................................................................. 3D-23
3D.6.1 Type Test .................................................................................................... 3D-23
3D.6.2 Analysis ...................................................................................................... 3D-24
3D.6.3 Operating Experience ................................................................................. 3D-28
3D.6.4 On-Going Qualification .............................................................................. 3D-28
3D.6.5 Combinations of Methods ........................................................................... 3D-28
3D.7 Documentation ............................................................................................................ 3D-29
3D.7.1 Equipment Qualification Data Package ...................................................... 3D-30
3D.7.2 Specifications .............................................................................................. 3D-30
3D.7.3 Qualification Program ................................................................................. 3D-32
3D.7.4 Qualification by Test................................................................................... 3D-32
3D.7.5 Qualification by Analysis ............................................................................ 3D-35
3D.7.6 Qualification by Experience........................................................................ 3D-35
3D.7.7 Qualification Program Conclusions ............................................................ 3D-35
3D.7.8 Combined License Information................................................................... 3D-35
3D.8 References ................................................................................................................... 3D-35

Appendix 3D-Attachment A – Sample Equipment Qualification Data Package (EQDP) ..................... 3D-61

Appendix 3D-Attachment B – Aging Evaluation Program ................................................................... 3D-79

B.1 Introduction ................................................................................................................. 3D-79
B.2 Objectives ................................................................................................................... 3D-79
B.3 Basic Approach ........................................................................................................... 3D-79
B.4 Subprogram A ............................................................................................................. 3D-80
B.4.1 Scope .......................................................................................................... 3D-80
B.4.2 Aging Mechanisms ..................................................................................... 3D-80
B.4.3 Time ............................................................................................................ 3D-80
B.4.4 Operational Stresses .................................................................................... 3D-80
B.4.5 External Stresses ......................................................................................... 3D-81
B.4.6 Synergism ................................................................................................... 3D-82

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B.4.7 Design Basis Event Testing ........................................................................ 3D-82

B.4.8 Aging Sequence .......................................................................................... 3D-82
B.4.9 Performance Criterion ................................................................................. 3D-83
B.4.10 Failure Treatment ........................................................................................ 3D-83
B.5 Subprogram B ............................................................................................................. 3D-83
B.5.1 Scope .......................................................................................................... 3D-84
B.5.2 Performance Criteria ................................................................................... 3D-84
B.5.3 Failure Treatment ........................................................................................ 3D-84
Appendix 3D-Attachment C – Effects of Gamma Radiation Doses Below 104 Rads on the
Mechanical Properties of Materials ...................................................... 3D-87
C.1 Introduction ................................................................................................................. 3D-87
C.2 Scope ........................................................................................................................... 3D-88
C.3 Discussion ................................................................................................................... 3D-88
C.4 Conclusions ................................................................................................................. 3D-89
C.5 References ................................................................................................................... 3D-89
Appendix 3D-Attachment D – Accelerated Thermal Aging Parameters ............................................... 3D-94
D.1 Introduction ................................................................................................................. 3D-94
D.2 Arrhenius Model ......................................................................................................... 3D-94
D.3 Activation Energy ....................................................................................................... 3D-96
D.4 Thermal Aging (Normal/Abnormal Operating Conditions) ........................................ 3D-96
D.4.1 Normal Operation Temperature (T0) ........................................................... 3D-96
D.4.2 Accelerated Aging Temperature (Ti)........................................................... 3D-97
D.4.3 Examples of Arrhenius Calculations ........................................................... 3D-97
D.5 Post-Accident Thermal Aging ..................................................................................... 3D-98
D.5.1 Post-Accident Operating Temperatures ...................................................... 3D-98
D.5.2 Accelerated Thermal Aging Parameters for Post-Accident Conditions ...... 3D-98
D.6 References ................................................................................................................... 3D-99
Appendix 3D-Attachment E – Seismic Qualification Techniques ...................................................... 3D-105
E.1 Purpose...................................................................................................................... 3D-105
E.2 Definitions................................................................................................................. 3D-105
E.2.1 1/2 Safe Shutdown Earthquake ................................................................. 3D-105
E.2.2 Seismic Category I Equipment .................................................................. 3D-105
E.2.3 Seismic Category II Equipment ................................................................ 3D-105
E.2.4 Non-seismic Equipment ............................................................................ 3D-105
E.2.5 Active Equipment ..................................................................................... 3D-105
E.2.6 Passive Equipment .................................................................................... 3D-105
E.3 Qualification Methods ............................................................................................... 3D-106
E.3.1 Use of Qualification by Testing ................................................................ 3D-106
E.3.2 Use of Qualification by Analysis .............................................................. 3D-106
E.4 Requirements ............................................................................................................ 3D-107
E.4.1 Damping ................................................................................................... 3D-107
E.4.2 Interface Requirements ............................................................................. 3D-107

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E.4.3 Mounting Simulation ................................................................................ 3D-107

E.4.4 1/2 Safe Shutdown Earthquake ................................................................. 3D-108
E.4.5 Safe Shutdown Earthquake ....................................................................... 3D-108
E.4.6 Other Dynamic Loads ............................................................................... 3D-108
E.5 Qualification by Test ................................................................................................. 3D-108
E.5.1 Qualification of Hard-Mounted Equipment .............................................. 3D-109
E.5.2 Qualification of Line-Mounted Equipment ............................................... 3D-110
E.5.3 Operational Conditions ............................................................................. 3D-112
E.5.4 Resonant Search Testing ........................................................................... 3D-112
E.6 Qualification by Analysis .......................................................................................... 3D-112
E.6.1 Modeling ................................................................................................... 3D-113
E.6.2 Qualification by Static Analysis ................................................................ 3D-113
E.6.3 Qualification by Dynamic Analysis .......................................................... 3D-113
E.7 Qualification by Test Experience .............................................................................. 3D-114
E.8 Performance Criteria ................................................................................................. 3D-115
E.8.1 Equipment Qualification by Test .............................................................. 3D-115
E.8.2 Equipment Qualification by Analysis ....................................................... 3D-115

APPENDIX 3E HIGH-ENERGY PIPING IN THE NUCLEAR ISLAND ........................................... 3E-1

APPENDIX 3F CABLE TRAYS AND CABLE TRAY SUPPORTS ................................................... 3F-1

3F.1 Codes and Standards ......................................................................................................3F-1
3F.2 Loads and Load Combinations .......................................................................................3F-1
3F.2.1 Loads .............................................................................................................3F-1
3F.2.2 Load Combinations ........................................................................................3F-2
3F.3 Analysis and Design .......................................................................................................3F-2
3F.3.1 Damping ........................................................................................................3F-2
3F.3.2 Seismic Analysis ............................................................................................3F-3
3F.3.3 Allowable Stresses .........................................................................................3F-3
3F.3.4 Connections ...................................................................................................3F-3

APPENDIX 3G NUCLEAR ISLAND SEISMIC ANALYSES ............................................................ 3G-1

3G.1 Introduction ................................................................................................................... 3G-1
3G.2 Nuclear Island Finite Element Models .......................................................................... 3G-1
3G.2.1 Individual Building and Equipment Models ................................................. 3G-2
3G.2.2 Nuclear Island Dynamic Models ................................................................... 3G-5
3G.2.3 Static Models ................................................................................................ 3G-7
3G.3 2D SASSI Analyses ...................................................................................................... 3G-8
3G.4 Nuclear Island Dynamic Analyses................................................................................. 3G-9
3G.4.1 ANSYS Fixed Base Analysis ....................................................................... 3G-9
3G.4.2 3D SASSI Analyses ...................................................................................... 3G-9
3G.4.3 Seismic Analysis ......................................................................................... 3G-10
3G.5 References ................................................................................................................... 3G-12

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APPENDIX 3H AUXILIARY AND SHIELD BUILDING CRITICAL SECTIONS ........................... 3H-1

3H.1 Introduction ................................................................................................................... 3H-1
3H.2 Description of Auxiliary and Shield Buildings ............................................................. 3H-1
3H.2.1 Description of Auxiliary Building................................................................. 3H-1
3H.2.2 Description of Shield Building ..................................................................... 3H-2
3H.3 Design Criteria .............................................................................................................. 3H-4
3H.3.1 Governing Codes and Standards ................................................................... 3H-5
3H.3.2 Seismic Input ................................................................................................ 3H-5
3H.3.3 Loads............................................................................................................. 3H-5
3H.3.4 Load Combinations and Acceptance Criteria ................................................ 3H-9
3H.4 Seismic Analyses......................................................................................................... 3H-10
3H.4.1 Live Load for Seismic Design ..................................................................... 3H-10
3H.5 Structural Design of Critical Sections ......................................................................... 3H-10
3H.5.1 Shear Walls ................................................................................................. 3H-11
3H.5.2 Composite Structures (Floors and Roof) ..................................................... 3H-14
3H.5.3 Reinforced Concrete Slabs .......................................................................... 3H-17
3H.5.4 Concrete Finned Floors ............................................................................... 3H-17
3H.5.5 Structural Modules ...................................................................................... 3H-18
3H.5.6 Shield Building Roof and Connections ....................................................... 3H-20
3H.5.7 Shield Building Cylinder (SC) .................................................................... 3H-22
3H.5.8 References................................................................................................... 3H-23

APPENDIX 3I EVALUATION FOR HIGH FREQUENCY SEISMIC INPUT .....................................3I-1

3I.1 Introduction .....................................................................................................................3I-1
3I.2 High Frequency Seismic Input ........................................................................................3I-1
3I.3 NI Models Used to Develop High Frequency Response .................................................3I-2
3I.4 Evaluation Methodology .................................................................................................3I-2
3I.5 General Selection Screening Criteria...............................................................................3I-3
3I.6 Evaluation .......................................................................................................................3I-3
3I.6.1 Building Structures .........................................................................................3I-4
3I.6.2 Primary Coolant Loop .....................................................................................3I-4
3I.6.3 Piping Systems ................................................................................................3I-5
3I.6.4 Electrical and Electro-Mechanical Equipment ................................................3I-5
3I.7 References .....................................................................................................................3I-10

CHAPTER 4 REACTOR .................................................................................................................... 4.1-1

4.1 Summary Description .................................................................................................... 4.1-1
4.1.1 Principal Design Requirements ..................................................................... 4.1-4
4.1.2 Combined License Information ..................................................................... 4.1-5
4.1.3 References..................................................................................................... 4.1-5
4.2 Fuel System Design ....................................................................................................... 4.2-1
4.2.1 Design Basis ................................................................................................. 4.2-2
4.2.2 Description and Design Drawings................................................................. 4.2-9

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4.2.3 Design Evaluation ....................................................................................... 4.2-20

4.2.4 Testing and Inspection Plan ........................................................................ 4.2-31
4.2.5 Combined License Information................................................................... 4.2-36
4.2.6 References................................................................................................... 4.2-36
4.3 Nuclear Design .............................................................................................................. 4.3-1
4.3.1 Design Basis ................................................................................................. 4.3-1
4.3.2 Description .................................................................................................... 4.3-7
4.3.3 Analytical Methods ..................................................................................... 4.3-35
4.3.4 Combined License Information................................................................... 4.3-39
4.3.5 References................................................................................................... 4.3-39
4.4 Thermal and Hydraulic Design ..................................................................................... 4.4-1
4.4.1 Design Basis ................................................................................................. 4.4-1
4.4.2 Description of Thermal and Hydraulic Design of the Reactor Core ............. 4.4-4
4.4.3 Description of the Thermal and Hydraulic Design of the
Reactor Coolant System .............................................................................. 4.4-18
4.4.4 Evaluation ................................................................................................... 4.4-19
4.4.5 Testing and Verification ............................................................................. 4.4-27
4.4.6 Instrumentation Requirements .................................................................... 4.4-28
4.4.7 Combined License Information ................................................................... 4.4-31
4.4.8 References................................................................................................... 4.4-32
4.5 Reactor Materials .......................................................................................................... 4.5-1
4.5.1 Control Rod and Drive System Structural Materials ..................................... 4.5-1
4.5.2 Reactor Internal and Core Support Materials ................................................ 4.5-3
4.5.3 Combined License Information ..................................................................... 4.5-4
4.6 Functional Design of Reactivity Control Systems ......................................................... 4.6-1
4.6.1 Information for Control Rod Drive System................................................... 4.6-1
4.6.2 Evaluations of the Control Rod Drive System .............................................. 4.6-1
4.6.3 Testing and Verification of the Control Rod Drive System .......................... 4.6-2
4.6.4 Information for Combined Performance of Reactivity Systems .................... 4.6-2
4.6.5 Evaluation of Combined Performance .......................................................... 4.6-3
4.6.6 Combined License Information..................................................................... 4.6-4

CHAPTER 5 REACTOR COOLANT SYSTEM AND CONNECTED SYSTEMS.......................... 5.1-1

5.1 Summary Description .................................................................................................... 5.1-1
5.1.1 Design Bases ................................................................................................. 5.1-1
5.1.2 Design Description ....................................................................................... 5.1-2
5.1.3 System Components...................................................................................... 5.1-4
5.1.4 System Performance Characteristics ............................................................. 5.1-7
5.1.5 Combined License Information ..................................................................... 5.1-8
5.2 Integrity of Reactor Coolant Pressure Boundary ........................................................... 5.2-1
5.2.1 Compliance with Codes and Code Cases ...................................................... 5.2-1
5.2.2 Overpressure Protection ................................................................................ 5.2-5
5.2.3 Reactor Coolant Pressure Boundary Materials .............................................. 5.2-9
5.2.4 Inservice Inspection and Testing of Class 1 Components ........................... 5.2-19

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5.2.5 Detection of Leakage Through Reactor Coolant Pressure Boundary .......... 5.2-22
5.2.6 Combined License Information Items ......................................................... 5.2-31
5.2.7 References................................................................................................... 5.2-32
5.3 Reactor Vessel ............................................................................................................... 5.3-1
5.3.1 Reactor Vessel Design .................................................................................. 5.3-1
5.3.2 Reactor Vessel Materials............................................................................... 5.3-3
5.3.3 Pressure-Temperature Limits ...................................................................... 5.3-13
5.3.4 Reactor Vessel Integrity .............................................................................. 5.3-14
5.3.5 Reactor Vessel Insulation ............................................................................ 5.3-20
5.3.6 Combined License Information ................................................................... 5.3-23
5.3.7 References................................................................................................... 5.3-25
5.4 Component and Subsystem Design ............................................................................... 5.4-1
5.4.1 Reactor Coolant Pump Assembly.................................................................. 5.4-1
5.4.2 Steam Generators ........................................................................................ 5.4-10
5.4.3 Reactor Coolant System Piping................................................................... 5.4-21
5.4.4 Main Steam Line Flow Restriction ............................................................. 5.4-26
5.4.5 Pressurizer................................................................................................... 5.4-27
5.4.6 Automatic Depressurization System Valves ............................................... 5.4-34
5.4.7 Normal Residual Heat Removal System ..................................................... 5.4-36
5.4.8 Valves ......................................................................................................... 5.4-50
5.4.9 Reactor Coolant System Pressure Relief Devices ....................................... 5.4-59
5.4.10 Component Supports................................................................................... 5.4-62
5.4.11 Pressurizer Relief Discharge ....................................................................... 5.4-65
5.4.12 Reactor Coolant System High Point Vents ................................................. 5.4-67
5.4.13 Core Makeup Tank ..................................................................................... 5.4-70
5.4.14 Passive Residual Heat Removal Heat Exchanger........................................ 5.4-73
5.4.15 Combined License Information ................................................................... 5.4-75
5.4.16 References................................................................................................... 5.4-76

VOLUME 6

CHAPTER 6 ENGINEERED SAFETY FEATURES ........................................................................ 6-0.1

6.0 Engineered Safety Features ........................................................................................... 6-0.1
6.1 Engineered Safety Features Materials ........................................................................... 6.1-1
6.1.1 Metallic Materials ......................................................................................... 6.1-1
6.1.2 Organic Materials.......................................................................................... 6.1-5
6.1.3 Combined License Information Items ......................................................... 6.1-11
6.1.4 References................................................................................................... 6.1-11
6.2 Containment Systems .................................................................................................... 6.2-1
6.2.1 Containment Functional Design .................................................................... 6.2-1
6.2.2 Passive Containment Cooling System ......................................................... 6.2-17
6.2.3 Containment Isolation System..................................................................... 6.2-27
6.2.4 Containment Hydrogen Control System...................................................... 6.2-38
6.2.5 Containment Leak Rate Test System .......................................................... 6.2-44

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6.2.6 Combined License Information for Containment Leak Rate Testing .......... 6.2-50
6.2.7 References................................................................................................... 6.2-51
6.3 Passive Core Cooling System ........................................................................................ 6.3-1
6.3.1 Design Basis ................................................................................................. 6.3-1
6.3.2 System Design .............................................................................................. 6.3-5
6.3.3 Performance Evaluation .............................................................................. 6.3-34
6.3.4 Post-72 Hour Actions .................................................................................. 6.3-46
6.3.5 Limits on System Parameters ...................................................................... 6.3-46
6.3.6 Inspection and Testing Requirements ......................................................... 6.3-47
6.3.7 Instrumentation Requirements .................................................................... 6.3-51
6.3.8 Combined License Information ................................................................... 6.3-55
6.3.9 References................................................................................................... 6.3-56
6.4 Habitability Systems ...................................................................................................... 6.4-1
6.4.1 Safety Design Basis ...................................................................................... 6.4-1
6.4.2 System Description ....................................................................................... 6.4-2
6.4.3 System Operation .......................................................................................... 6.4-8
6.4.4 System Safety Evaluation............................................................................ 6.4-10
6.4.5 Inservice Inspection/Inservice Testing ........................................................ 6.4-13
6.4.6 Instrumentation Requirements .................................................................... 6.4-15
6.4.7 Combined License Information ................................................................... 6.4-15
6.4.8 References................................................................................................... 6.4-15
6.5 Fission Product Removal and Control Systems ............................................................. 6.5-1
6.5.1 Engineered Safety Feature (ESF) Filter Systems .......................................... 6.5-1
6.5.2 Containment Spray System ........................................................................... 6.5-1
6.5.3 Fission Product Control Systems .................................................................. 6.5-5
6.5.4 Combined License Information ..................................................................... 6.5-6
6.5.5 References..................................................................................................... 6.5-6
6.6 Inservice Inspection of Class 2, 3, and MC Components .............................................. 6.6-1
6.6.1 Components Subject to Examination ............................................................ 6.6-1
6.6.2 Accessibility.................................................................................................. 6.6-1
6.6.3 Examination Techniques and Procedures ..................................................... 6.6-2
6.6.4 Inspection Intervals ....................................................................................... 6.6-2
6.6.5 Examination Categories and Requirements................................................... 6.6-3
6.6.6 Evaluation of Examination Results ............................................................... 6.6-3
6.6.7 System Pressure Tests ................................................................................... 6.6-3
6.6.8 Augmented Inservice Inspection to Protect against Postulated Piping
Failures ......................................................................................................... 6.6-3
6.6.9 Combined License Information Items ........................................................... 6.6-4

APPENDIX 6A FISSION PRODUCT DISTRIBUTION IN THE AP1000 POST-DESIGN

BASIS ACCIDENT CONTAINMENT ATMOSPHERE ......................................... 6A-1
6A.1 Design Basis Sequence Assumptions ............................................................................ 6A-1
6A.1.1 Break Size and Fission Product Release Location in Containment ............... 6A-2
6A.2 Containment Natural Circulation and Mixing ............................................................... 6A-4

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6A.3 Insights From the Passive Containment Cooling System Large Scale Test and
AP1000 Stratification Studies ....................................................................................... 6A-7
6A.4 Conclusions ................................................................................................................... 6A-8
6A.5 References ..................................................................................................................... 6A-9

CHAPTER 7 INSTRUMENTATION AND CONTROLS ................................................................. 7.1-1

7.1 Introduction ................................................................................................................... 7.1-1
7.1.1 The AP1000 Instrumentation and Control Architecture ............................... 7.1-2
7.1.2 Protection and Safety Monitoring System ..................................................... 7.1-5
7.1.3 Plant Control System .................................................................................. 7.1-10
7.1.4 Identification of Safety Criteria................................................................... 7.1-13
7.1.5 AP1000 Protective Functions ..................................................................... 7.1-14
7.1.6 Combined License Information................................................................... 7.1-15
7.1.7 References................................................................................................... 7.1-15
7.2 Reactor Trip .................................................................................................................. 7.2-1
7.2.1 Description .................................................................................................... 7.2-1
7.2.2 Analyses ...................................................................................................... 7.2-14
7.2.3 Combined License Information ................................................................... 7.2-16
7.2.4 References................................................................................................... 7.2-17
7.3 Engineered Safety Features ........................................................................................... 7.3-1
7.3.1 Description .................................................................................................... 7.3-1
7.3.2 Analysis for Engineered Safety Features Actuation .................................... 7.3-23
7.3.3 Combined License Information ................................................................... 7.3-25
7.3.4 References................................................................................................... 7.3-25
7.4 Systems Required for Safe Shutdown ........................................................................... 7.4-1
7.4.1 Safe Shutdown .............................................................................................. 7.4-3
7.4.2 Safe Shutdown Systems ................................................................................ 7.4-9
7.4.3 Safe Shutdown from Outside the Main Control Room ............................... 7.4-11
7.4.4 Combined License Information ................................................................... 7.4-14
7.4.5 References................................................................................................... 7.4-14
7.5 Safety-Related Display Information .............................................................................. 7.5-1
7.5.1 Introduction................................................................................................... 7.5-1
7.5.2 Variable Classifications and Requirements ................................................... 7.5-1
7.5.3 Description of Variables ............................................................................... 7.5-9
7.5.4 Processing and Display Equipment ............................................................. 7.5-11
7.5.5 Combined License Information ................................................................... 7.5-12
7.6 Interlock Systems Important to Safety........................................................................... 7.6-1
7.6.1 Prevention of Overpressurization of Low-Pressure Systems ......................... 7.6-1
7.6.2 Availability of Engineered Safety Features ................................................... 7.6-2
7.6.3 Combined License Information..................................................................... 7.6-6
7.7 Control and Instrumentation Systems............................................................................ 7.7-1
7.7.1 Description .................................................................................................... 7.7-2
7.7.2 Analysis ...................................................................................................... 7.7-20
7.7.3 Combined License Information ................................................................... 7.7-21

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VOLUME 7

CHAPTER 8 ELECTRIC POWER..................................................................................................... 8.1-1

8.1 Introduction ................................................................................................................... 8.1-1
8.1.1 Utility Grid Description ................................................................................ 8.1-1
8.1.2 Onsite Power System Description ................................................................. 8.1-1
8.1.3 Safety-Related Loads .................................................................................... 8.1-2
8.1.4 Design Basis ................................................................................................. 8.1-2
8.1.5 Combined License Information..................................................................... 8.1-5
8.2 Offsite Power System .................................................................................................... 8.2-1
8.2.1 System Description ....................................................................................... 8.2-1
8.2.2 Grid Stability................................................................................................. 8.2-2
8.2.3 Conformance to Criteria................................................................................ 8.2-3
8.2.4 Standards and Guides ................................................................................... 8.2-3
8.2.5 Combined License Information for Offsite Electrical Power ........................ 8.2-4
8.2.6 References..................................................................................................... 8.2-4
8.3 Onsite Power Systems ................................................................................................... 8.3-1
8.3.1 AC Power Systems ....................................................................................... 8.3-1
8.3.2 DC Power Systems ..................................................................................... 8.3-15
8.3.3 Combined License Information for Onsite Electrical Power....................... 8.3-26
8.3.4 References................................................................................................... 8.3-26

CHAPTER 9 AUXILIARY SYSTEMS.............................................................................................. 9.1-1

9.1 Fuel Storage and Handling ............................................................................................ 9.1-1
9.1.1 New Fuel Storage.......................................................................................... 9.1-1
9.1.2 Spent Fuel Storage ........................................................................................ 9.1-5
9.1.3 Spent Fuel Pool Cooling System................................................................. 9.1-12
9.1.4 Light Load Handling System (Related to Refueling) .................................. 9.1-26
9.1.5 Overhead Heavy Load Handling Systems ................................................... 9.1-41
9.1.6 Combined License Information for Fuel Storage and Handling.................. 9.1-52
9.1.7 References................................................................................................... 9.1-53
9.2 Water Systems ............................................................................................................... 9.2-1
9.2.1 Service Water System ................................................................................... 9.2-1
9.2.2 Component Cooling Water System ............................................................... 9.2-7
9.2.3 Demineralized Water Treatment System..................................................... 9.2-17
9.2.4 Demineralized Water Transfer and Storage System .................................... 9.2-22
9.2.5 Potable Water System ................................................................................. 9.2-26
9.2.6 Sanitary Drainage System ........................................................................... 9.2-28
9.2.7 Central Chilled Water System ..................................................................... 9.2-30
9.2.8 Turbine Building Closed Cooling Water System ........................................ 9.2-36
9.2.9 Waste Water System ................................................................................... 9.2-40
9.2.10 Hot Water Heating System.......................................................................... 9.2-43
9.2.11 Combined License Information................................................................... 9.2-46
9.2.12 References................................................................................................... 9.2-47

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9.3 Process Auxiliaries ........................................................................................................ 9.3-1

9.3.1 Compressed and Instrument Air System ....................................................... 9.3-1
9.3.2 Plant Gas System .......................................................................................... 9.3-6
9.3.3 Primary Sampling System ........................................................................... 9.3-10
9.3.4 Secondary Sampling System ....................................................................... 9.3-14
9.3.5 Equipment and Floor Drainage Systems ..................................................... 9.3-16
9.3.6 Chemical and Volume Control System ....................................................... 9.3-21
9.3.7 Combined License Information ................................................................... 9.3-42
9.3.8 References................................................................................................... 9.3-42
9.4 Air-Conditioning, Heating, Cooling, and Ventilation System ....................................... 9.4-1
9.4.1 Nuclear Island Nonradioactive Ventilation System ...................................... 9.4-1
9.4.2 Annex/Auxiliary Buildings Nonradioactive HVAC System ....................... 9.4-17
9.4.3 Radiologically Controlled Area Ventilation System ................................... 9.4-29
9.4.4 Balance-of-Plant-Interface .......................................................................... 9.4-38
9.4.5 Engineered Safety Features Ventilation System.......................................... 9.4-38
9.4.6 Containment Recirculation Cooling System ............................................... 9.4-39
9.4.7 Containment Air Filtration System ............................................................. 9.4-43
9.4.8 Radwaste Building HVAC System ............................................................. 9.4-52
9.4.9 Turbine Building Ventilation System ......................................................... 9.4-56
9.4.10 Diesel Generator Building Heating and Ventilation System ....................... 9.4-62
9.4.11 Health Physics and Hot Machine Shop HVAC System .............................. 9.4-68
9.4.12 Combined License Information ................................................................... 9.4-73
9.4.13 References................................................................................................... 9.4-74

VOLUME 8

9.5 Other Auxiliary Systems ............................................................................................... 9.5-1

9.5.1 Fire Protection System .................................................................................. 9.5-1
9.5.2 Communication System .............................................................................. 9.5-17
9.5.3 Plant Lighting System ................................................................................. 9.5-20
9.5.4 Standby Diesel Fuel Oil System.................................................................. 9.5-24
9.5.5 References................................................................................................... 9.5-30

APPENDIX 9A FIRE PROTECTION ANALYSIS .............................................................................. 9A-1

9A.1 Introduction ................................................................................................................... 9A-1
9A.2 Fire Protection Analysis Methodology .......................................................................... 9A-1
9A.2.1 Fire Area Description .................................................................................... 9A-1
9A.2.2 Combustible Material Survey ....................................................................... 9A-2
9A.2.3 Fire Severity Categorization.......................................................................... 9A-2
9A.2.4 Combustible Loading and Equivalent Fire Duration Calculations ................ 9A-2
9A.2.5 Fire Protection Adequacy.............................................................................. 9A-4
9A.2.6 Fire Protection System Integrity.................................................................... 9A-4
9A.2.7 Safe Shutdown Evaluation ............................................................................ 9A-4

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9A.3 Fire Protection Analysis Results.................................................................................. 9A-10

9A.3.1 Nuclear Island ............................................................................................. 9A-11
9A.3.2 Turbine Building......................................................................................... 9A-85
9A.3.3 Yard Area and Outlying Buildings ............................................................. 9A-97
9A.3.4 Annex Building........................................................................................... 9A-97
9A.3.5 Radwaste Building .................................................................................... 9A-118
9A.3.6 Diesel Generator Building ........................................................................ 9A-120
9A.3.7 Special Topics ........................................................................................... 9A-125
9A.4 References ................................................................................................................. 9A-128

CHAPTER 10 STEAM AND POWER CONVERSION .................................................................... 10.1-1

10.1 Summary Description .................................................................................................. 10.1-1
10.1.1 General Description .................................................................................... 10.1-1
10.1.2 Protective Features ...................................................................................... 10.1-2
10.1.3 Combined License Information on Erosion-Corrosion Monitoring ............ 10.1-3
10.2 Turbine-Generator ....................................................................................................... 10.2-1
10.2.1 Design Basis ............................................................................................... 10.2-1
10.2.2 System Description ..................................................................................... 10.2-1
10.2.3 Turbine Rotor Integrity ............................................................................. 10.2-11
10.2.4 Evaluation ................................................................................................. 10.2-16
10.2.5 Instrumentation Applications .................................................................... 10.2-16
10.2.6 Combined License Information on Turbine Maintenance
and Inspection ........................................................................................... 10.2-18
10.2.7 References................................................................................................. 10.2-18
10.3 Main Steam Supply System......................................................................................... 10.3-1
10.3.1 Design Basis ............................................................................................... 10.3-1
10.3.2 System Description ..................................................................................... 10.3-4
10.3.3 Safety Evaluation ...................................................................................... 10.3-10
10.3.4 Inspection and Testing Requirements ....................................................... 10.3-11
10.3.5 Water Chemistry ....................................................................................... 10.3-12
10.3.6 Steam and Feedwater System Materials .................................................... 10.3-16
10.3.7 Combined License Information ................................................................. 10.3-16
10.3.8 References................................................................................................. 10.3-16
10.4 Other Features of Steam and Power Conversion System ............................................ 10.4-1
10.4.1 Main Condensers ........................................................................................ 10.4-1
10.4.2 Main Condenser Evacuation System........................................................... 10.4-3
10.4.3 Gland Seal System ...................................................................................... 10.4-6
10.4.4 Turbine Bypass System ............................................................................... 10.4-8
10.4.5 Circulating Water System ......................................................................... 10.4-11
10.4.6 Condensate Polishing System ................................................................... 10.4-16
10.4.7 Condensate and Feedwater System ........................................................... 10.4-18
10.4.8 Steam Generator Blowdown System ......................................................... 10.4-33
10.4.9 Startup Feedwater System ......................................................................... 10.4-41
10.4.10 Auxiliary Steam System ............................................................................ 10.4-49

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10.4.11 Turbine Island Chemical Feed .................................................................. 10.4-52

10.4.12 Combined License Information................................................................. 10.4-54
10.4.13 References................................................................................................. 10.4-55

VOLUME 9

CHAPTER 11 RADIOACTIVE WASTE MANAGEMENT ............................................................. 11.1-1

11.1 Source Terms .............................................................................................................. 11.1-1
11.1.1 Design Basis Reactor Coolant Activity ....................................................... 11.1-1
11.1.2 Design Basis Secondary Coolant Activity................................................... 11.1-4
11.1.3 Realistic Reactor Coolant and Secondary Coolant Activity ........................ 11.1-4
11.1.4 Core Source Term ....................................................................................... 11.1-4
11.1.5 Process Leakage Sources ............................................................................ 11.1-4
11.1.6 Combined License Information................................................................... 11.1-4
11.1.7 References................................................................................................... 11.1-4
11.2 Liquid Waste Management Systems ........................................................................... 11.2-1
11.2.1 Design Basis ............................................................................................... 11.2-1
11.2.2 System Description ..................................................................................... 11.2-6
11.2.3 Radioactive Releases................................................................................. 11.2-18
11.2.4 Preoperational Testing .............................................................................. 11.2-19
11.2.5 Combined License Information................................................................. 11.2-20
11.2.6 References................................................................................................. 11.2-21
11.3 Gaseous Waste Management System .......................................................................... 11.3-1
11.3.1 Design Basis ............................................................................................... 11.3-1
11.3.2 System Description ..................................................................................... 11.3-4
11.3.3 Radioactive Releases................................................................................... 11.3-9
11.3.4 Inspection and Testing Requirements ....................................................... 11.3-10
11.3.5 Combined License Information................................................................. 11.3-11
11.3.6 References................................................................................................. 11.3-11
11.4 Solid Waste Management............................................................................................ 11.4-1
11.4.1 Design Basis ............................................................................................... 11.4-1
11.4.2 System Description ..................................................................................... 11.4-3
11.4.3 System Safety Evaluation.......................................................................... 11.4-13
11.4.4 Tests and Inspections ................................................................................ 11.4-13
11.4.5 Quality Assurance ..................................................................................... 11.4-13
11.4.6 Combined License Information for Solid Waste Management System
Process Control Program .......................................................................... 11.4-14
11.4.7 References................................................................................................. 11.4-14
11.5 Radiation Monitoring .................................................................................................. 11.5-1
11.5.1 Design Basis ............................................................................................... 11.5-1
11.5.2 System Description ..................................................................................... 11.5-2
11.5.3 Effluent Monitoring and Sampling ........................................................... 11.5-13
11.5.4 Process and Airborne Monitoring and Sampling ...................................... 11.5-13
11.5.5 Post-Accident Radiation Monitoring ........................................................ 11.5-13

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11.5.6 Area Radiation Monitors........................................................................... 11.5-14

11.5.7 Preoperational Testing .............................................................................. 11.5-17
11.5.8 Combined License Information ................................................................. 11.5-18

CHAPTER 12 RADIATION PROTECTION ..................................................................................... 12.1-1

12.1 Assuring that Occupational Radiation Exposures Are As-Low-As-Reasonably
Achievable (ALARA) ................................................................................................. 12.1-1
12.1.1 Policy Considerations ................................................................................. 12.1-1
12.1.2 Design Considerations ................................................................................ 12.1-2
12.1.3 Combined License Information ................................................................... 12.1-7
12.2 Radiation Sources........................................................................................................ 12.2-1
12.2.1 Contained Sources ...................................................................................... 12.2-1
12.2.2 Airborne Radioactive Material Sources ...................................................... 12.2-6
12.2.3 Combined License Information ................................................................... 12.2-7
12.2.4 References................................................................................................... 12.2-8
12.3 Radiation Protection Design Features ......................................................................... 12.3-1
12.3.1 Facility Design Features.............................................................................. 12.3-1
12.3.2 Shielding ..................................................................................................... 12.3-9
12.3.3 Ventilation ................................................................................................ 12.3-15
12.3.4 Area Radiation and Airborne Radioactivity Monitoring
Instrumentation ......................................................................................... 12.3-18
12.3.5 Combined License Information................................................................. 12.3-18
12.3.6 References................................................................................................. 12.3-19
12.4 Dose Assessment ......................................................................................................... 12.4-1
12.4.1 Occupational Radiation Exposure ............................................................... 12.4-1
12.4.2 Radiation Exposure at the Site Boundary ................................................... 12.4-5
12.4.3 Combined License Information ................................................................... 12.4-5
12.5 Health Physics Facilities Design ................................................................................. 12.5-1
12.5.1 Objectives ................................................................................................... 12.5-1
12.5.2 Equipment, Instrumentation, and Facilities................................................. 12.5-1
12.5.3 Other Design Features................................................................................. 12.5-3
12.5.4 Controlling Access and Stay Time .............................................................. 12.5-4
12.5.5 Combined License Information ................................................................... 12.5-4

CHAPTER 13 CONDUCT OF OPERATION....................................................................................... 13-1

13.1 Organizational Structure of Applicant............................................................................ 13-1
13.1.1 Combined License Information Item ............................................................. 13-1
13.2 Training .......................................................................................................................... 13-1
13.2.1 Combined License Information Item ............................................................. 13-1
13.3 Emergency Planning ...................................................................................................... 13-1
13.3.1 Combined License Information Item ............................................................. 13-2
13.4 Operational Programs ..................................................................................................... 13-2
13.4.1 Combined License Information Item ............................................................. 13-2

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13.5 Plant Procedures ............................................................................................................. 13-2

13.5.1 Combined License Information Item ............................................................. 13-3
13.6 Security .......................................................................................................................... 13-4
13.6.1 Combined License Information Item ............................................................. 13-4
13.7 References ...................................................................................................................... 13-4

CHAPTER 14 INITIAL TEST PROGRAM ....................................................................................... 14.1-1

14.1 Specific Information to be Included in Preliminary/Final Safety
Analysis Reports ......................................................................................................... 14.1-1
14.2 Specific Information to be Included in Standard Safety Analysis Reports .................. 14.2-1
14.2.1 Summary of Test Program and Objectives .................................................. 14.2-1
14.2.2 Organization, Staffing, and Responsibilities ............................................... 14.2-4
14.2.3 Test Specifications and Test Procedures ..................................................... 14.2-4
14.2.4 Compliance of Test Program with Regulatory Guides ................................ 14.2-6
14.2.5 Utilization of Reactor Operating and Testing Experience in the
Development of Test Program .................................................................... 14.2-6
14.2.6 Use of Plant Operating and Emergency Procedures .................................... 14.2-9
14.2.7 Initial Fuel Loading and Initial Criticality................................................... 14.2-9
14.2.8 Test Program Schedule ............................................................................. 14.2-12
14.2.9 Preoperational Test Descriptions .............................................................. 14.2-13
14.2.10 Startup Test Procedures ............................................................................ 14.2-88
14.3 Certified Design Material ............................................................................................ 14.3-1
14.3.1 CDM Section 1.0, Introduction ................................................................... 14.3-2
14.3.2 CDM Section 2.0, System Based Design Descriptions and ITAAC ........... 14.3-3
14.3.3 CDM Section 3.0, Non-System Based Design Descriptions
and ITAAC ............................................................................................... 14.3-10
14.3.4 Certified Design Material Section 4.0, Interface Requirements ................ 14.3-10
14.3.5 CDM Section 5.0, Site Parameters............................................................ 14.3-10
14.3.6 Initial Test Program .................................................................................. 14.3-11
14.3.7 Elements of AP1000 Design Material Incorporated into the
Certified Design Material ......................................................................... 14.3-11
14.3.8 Summary ................................................................................................... 14.3-12
14.3.9 References................................................................................................. 14.3-12
14.4 Combined License Applicant Responsibilities ............................................................ 14.4-1
14.4.1 Organization and Staffing ........................................................................... 14.4-1
14.4.2 Test Specifications and Procedures ............................................................. 14.4-1
14.4.3 Conduct of Test Program ............................................................................ 14.4-1
14.4.4 Review and Evaluation of Test Results....................................................... 14.4-1
14.4.5 Interface Requirements ............................................................................... 14.4-2
14.4.6 First-Plant-Only and Three-Plant-Only Tests.............................................. 14.4-2

APPENDIX 14A DESIGN ACCEPTANCE CRITERIA/ITAAC CLOSURE PROCESS .................. 14A-1

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VOLUME 10

CHAPTER 15 ACCIDENT ANALYSES........................................................................................... 15.0-1

15.0.1 Classification of Plant Conditions ............................................................... 15.0-1
15.0.2 Optimization of Control Systems ................................................................ 15.0-5
15.0.3 Plant Characteristics and Initial Conditions Assumed in the
Accident Analyses ...................................................................................... 15.0-5
15.0.4 Reactivity Coefficients Assumed in the Accident Analysis ........................ 15.0-7
15.0.5 Rod Cluster Control Assembly Insertion Characteristics ............................ 15.0-7
15.0.6 Protection and Safety Monitoring System Setpoints and
Time Delays to Trip Assumed in Accident Analyses.................................. 15.0-8
15.0.7 Instrumentation Drift and Calorimetric Errors, Power Range
Neutron Flux ............................................................................................... 15.0-8
15.0.8 Plant Systems and Components Available for Mitigation of
Accident Effects.......................................................................................... 15.0-9
15.0.9 Fission Product Inventories ......................................................................... 15.0-9
15.0.10 Residual Decay Heat ................................................................................... 15.0-9
15.0.11 Computer Codes Used .............................................................................. 15.0-10
15.0.12 Component Failures .................................................................................. 15.0-12
15.0.13 Operator Actions ....................................................................................... 15.0-13
15.0.14 Loss of Offsite ac Power ........................................................................... 15.0-13
15.0.15 Combined License Information................................................................. 15.0-14
15.0.16 References................................................................................................. 15.0-15
15.1 Increase in Heat Removal From the Primary System .................................................. 15.1-1
15.1.1 Feedwater System Malfunctions that Result in a Decrease in
Feedwater Temperature .............................................................................. 15.1-1
15.1.2 Feedwater System Malfunctions that Result in an Increase in
Feedwater Flow .......................................................................................... 15.1-2
15.1.3 Excessive Increase in Secondary Steam Flow ............................................. 15.1-6
15.1.4 Inadvertent Opening of a Steam Generator Relief or Safety Valve ............. 15.1-9
15.1.5 Steam System Piping Failure .................................................................... 15.1-12
15.1.6 Inadvertent Operation of the PRHR Heat Exchanger................................ 15.1-20
15.1.7 Combined License Information................................................................. 15.1-22
15.1.8 References................................................................................................. 15.1-22
15.2 Decrease in Heat Removal by the Secondary System.................................................. 15.2-1
15.2.1 Steam Pressure Regulator Malfunction or Failure that Results
in Decreasing Steam Flow .......................................................................... 15.2-1
15.2.2 Loss of External Electrical Load ................................................................. 15.2-1
15.2.3 Turbine Trip ................................................................................................ 15.2-3
15.2.4 Inadvertent Closure of Main Steam Isolation Valves .................................. 15.2-8
15.2.5 Loss of Condenser Vacuum and Other Events Resulting
in Turbine Trip ........................................................................................... 15.2-8
15.2.6 Loss of ac Power to the Plant Auxiliaries ................................................... 15.2-9
15.2.7 Loss of Normal Feedwater Flow ............................................................... 15.2-13

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15.2.8 Feedwater System Pipe Break ................................................................... 15.2-16

15.2.9 Combined License Information................................................................. 15.2-20
15.2.10 References................................................................................................. 15.2-21
15.3 Decrease in Reactor Coolant System Flow Rate ......................................................... 15.3-1
15.3.1 Partial Loss of Forced Reactor Coolant Flow ............................................. 15.3-1
15.3.2 Complete Loss of Forced Reactor Coolant Flow ........................................ 15.3-3
15.3.3 Reactor Coolant Pump Shaft Seizure (Locked Rotor)................................. 15.3-5
15.3.4 Reactor Coolant Pump Shaft Break .......................................................... 15.3-10
15.3.5 Combined License Information................................................................. 15.3-11
15.3.6 References................................................................................................. 15.3-11
15.4 Reactivity and Power Distribution Anomalies ............................................................ 15.4-1
15.4.1 Uncontrolled Rod Cluster Control Assembly Bank Withdrawal
from a Subcritical or Low-Power Startup Condition .................................. 15.4-1
15.4.2 Uncontrolled Rod Cluster Control Assembly Bank Withdrawal
at Power ...................................................................................................... 15.4-5
15.4.3 Rod Cluster Control Assembly Misalignment (System Malfunction
or Operator Error) ..................................................................................... 15.4-11
15.4.4 Startup of an Inactive Reactor Coolant Pump at an Incorrect
Temperature .............................................................................................. 15.4-16
15.4.5 A Malfunction or Failure of the Flow Controller in a
Boiling Water Reactor Loop that Results in an Increased
Reactor Coolant Flow Rate ....................................................................... 15.4-16
15.4.6 Chemical and Volume Control System Malfunction that
Results in a Decrease in the Boron Concentration in the
Reactor Coolant ........................................................................................ 15.4-16
15.4.7 Inadvertent Loading and Operation of a Fuel Assembly in an
Improper Position ..................................................................................... 15.4-24
15.4.8 Spectrum of Rod Cluster Control Assembly Ejection Accidents .............. 15.4-26
15.4.9 Combined License Information ................................................................. 15.4-36
15.4.10 References................................................................................................. 15.4-36
15.5 Increase in Reactor Coolant Inventory ........................................................................ 15.5-1
15.5.1 Inadvertent Operation of the Core Makeup Tanks During
Power Operation ......................................................................................... 15.5-1
15.5.2 Chemical and Volume Control System Malfunction That Increases
Reactor Coolant Inventory .......................................................................... 15.5-5
15.5.3 Boiling Water Reactor Transients ............................................................... 15.5-9
15.5.4 Combined License Information ................................................................. 15.5-10
15.5.5 References................................................................................................. 15.5-10
15.6 Decrease in Reactor Coolant Inventory ....................................................................... 15.6-1
15.6.1 Inadvertent Opening of a Pressurizer Safety Valve or Inadvertent
Operation of the ADS ................................................................................. 15.6-1
15.6.2 Failure of Small Lines Carrying Primary Coolant Outside
Containment................................................................................................ 15.6-4

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15.6.3 Steam Generator Tube Rupture................................................................... 15.6-6

15.6.4 Spectrum of Boiling Water Reactor Steam System Piping
Failures Outside of Containment .............................................................. 15.6-16
15.6.5 Loss-of-Coolant Accidents Resulting from a Spectrum of
Postulated Piping Breaks Within the Reactor Coolant
Pressure Boundary .................................................................................... 15.6-16
15.6.6 References................................................................................................. 15.6-53
15.7 Radioactive Release from a Subsystem or Component ............................................... 15.7-1
15.7.1 Gas Waste Management System Leak or Failure ........................................ 15.7-1
15.7.2 Liquid Waste Management System Leak or Failure
(Atmospheric Release) ................................................................................ 15.7-1
15.7.3 Release of Radioactivity to the Environment Due to a
Liquid Tank Failure .................................................................................... 15.7-1
15.7.4 Fuel Handling Accident .............................................................................. 15.7-1
15.7.5 Spent Fuel Cask Drop Accident .................................................................. 15.7-5
15.7.6 Combined License Information ................................................................... 15.7-5
15.7.7 References................................................................................................... 15.7-5
15.8 Anticipated Transients Without Scram ....................................................................... 15.8-1
15.8.1 General Background ................................................................................... 15.8-1
15.8.2 Anticipated Transients Without Scram in the AP1000 ............................... 15.8-1
15.8.3 Conclusion .................................................................................................. 15.8-1
15.8.4 Combined License Information ................................................................... 15.8-1
15.8.5 References................................................................................................... 15.8-1

APPENDIX 15A EVALUATION MODELS AND PARAMETERS FOR ANALYSIS OF

RADIOLOGICAL CONSEQUENCES OF ACCIDENTS ..................................... 15A-1
15A.1 Offsite Dose Calculation Models ................................................................................ 15A-1
15A.1.1 Immersion Dose (Effective Dose Equivalent) ............................................. 15A-1
15A.1.2 Inhalation Dose (Committed Effective Dose Equivalent) ........................... 15A-1
15A.1.3 Total Dose (Total Effective Dose Equivalent) ............................................ 15A-2
15A.2 Main Control Room Dose Models .............................................................................. 15A-2
15A.2.1 Immersion Dose Models ............................................................................. 15A-2
15A.2.2 Inhalation Dose ........................................................................................... 15A-3
15A.2.3 Total Dose (Total Effective Dose Equivalent) ............................................ 15A-3
15A.3 General Analysis Parameters ....................................................................................... 15A-3
15A.3.1 Source Terms .............................................................................................. 15A-3
15A.3.2 Nuclide Parameters ..................................................................................... 15A-4
15A.3.3 Atmospheric Dispersion Factors ................................................................. 15A-5
15A.4 References ................................................................................................................... 15A-5

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APPENDIX 15B REMOVAL OF AIRBORNE ACTIVITY FROM THE CONTAINMENT

ATMOSPHERE FOLLOWING A LOCA .............................................................. 15B-1
15B.1 Elemental Iodine Removal .......................................................................................... 15B-1
15B.2 Aerosol Removal ......................................................................................................... 15B-1
15B.2.1 Mathematical Models.................................................................................. 15B-2
15B.2.2 Other Removal Mechanisms ....................................................................... 15B-6
15B.2.3 Validation of Removal Mechanisms ........................................................... 15B-6
15B.2.4 Parameters and Assumptions for Calculating Aerosol Removal
Coefficients ................................................................................................. 15B-6
15B.2.5 Aerosol Removal Coefficients .................................................................... 15B-8
15B.3 References ................................................................................................................... 15B-8

VOLUME 11

CHAPTER 16 TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS

16.1 TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS ............................................................................. 16.1-1
16.1.1 Introduction to Technical Specifications..................................................... 16.1-1
16.1.2 References................................................................................................... 16.1-2
1.0 Use and Application ............................................................................ 1.1-1
2.0 Safety Limits (SLs) ............................................................................. 2.0-1
3.0 Limiting Conditions for Operation (LCO) Applicability..................... 3.0-1
3.0 Surveillance Requirement (SR) Applicability ..................................... 3.0-4
3.1 Reactivity Control Systems .............................................................. 3.1.1-1
3.2 Power Distribution Limits ................................................................ 3.2.1-1
3.3 Instrumentation ................................................................................ 3.3.1-1
3.4 Reactor Coolant System (RCS) ........................................................ 3.4.1-1
3.5 Passive Core Cooling System (PXS) ................................................ 3.5.1-1
3.6 Containment Systems ....................................................................... 3.6.1-1
3.7 Plant Systems ................................................................................... 3.7.1-1
3.8 Electrical Power Systems ................................................................. 3.8.1-1
3.9 Refueling Operations ....................................................................... 3.9.1-1
4.0 Design Features ................................................................................... 4.0-1
5.0 Administrative Controls ...................................................................... 5.1-1
B 2.0 Safety Limits (SLs) ................................................................................ B 2.1.1-1
B 3.0 Limiting Conditions for Operation (LCO) Applicability .......................... B 3.0-1
B 3.0 Surveillance Requirement (SR) Applicability......................................... B 3.0-13

VOLUME 12

16.2 DESIGN RELIABILITY ASSURANCE PROGRAM ............................................... 16.2-1

16.3 INVESTMENT PROTECTION ................................................................................. 16.3-1
16.3.1 Investment Protection Short-Term Availability Controls ............................ 16.3-1
16.3.2 Combined License Information .................................................................. 16.3-2

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CHAPTER 17 QUALITY ASSURANCE ............................................................................................. 17-1

17.1 Quality Assurance During the Design and Construction Phases .................................... 17-1
17.2 Quality Assurance During the Operations Phase............................................................ 17-1
17.3 Quality Assurance During Design, Procurement, Fabrication, Inspection and/or
Testing of Nuclear Power Plant Items ............................................................................ 17-1
17.4 Design Reliability Assurance Program ........................................................................... 17-2
17.4.1 Introduction.................................................................................................... 17-2
17.4.2 Scope ............................................................................................................. 17-2
17.4.3 Design Considerations ................................................................................... 17-3
17.4.4 Relationship to Other Administrative Programs ............................................ 17-3
17.4.5 The AP1000 Design Organization ................................................................. 17-3
17.4.6 Objective ........................................................................................................ 17-4
17.4.7 D-RAP ........................................................................................................... 17-5
17.4.8 Glossary of Terms .......................................................................................... 17-9
17.5 Combined License Information Items ............................................................................ 17-9
17.6 References .................................................................................................................... 17-11

CHAPTER 18 HUMAN FACTORS ENGINEERING ....................................................................... 18.1-1

18.1 Overview .....................................................................................................................18.1-1
18.1.1 References................................................................................................... 18.1-3
18.2 Human Factors Engineering Program Management .................................................... 18.2-1
18.2.1 Human Factors Engineering Program Goals, Scope,
Assumptions, and Constraints..................................................................... 18.2-1
18.2.2 Human System Interface Design Team and Organization .......................... 18.2-4
18.2.3 Human Factors Engineering Processes and Procedures ............................ 18.2-11
18.2.4 Human Factors Engineering Issues Tracking............................................ 18.2-16
18.2.5 Human Factors Engineering Technical Program and Milestones ............. 18.2-17
18.2.6 Combined License Information ................................................................ 18.2-18
18.2.7 References ................................................................................................ 18.2-19
18.3 Operating Experience Review ..................................................................................... 18.3-1
18.3.1 Combined License Information .................................................................. 18.3-1
18.3.2 References .................................................................................................. 18.3-1
18.4 Functional Requirements Analysis and Allocation ..................................................... 18.4-1
18.4.1 Combined License Information .................................................................. 18.4-2
18.4.2 References .................................................................................................. 18.4-2
18.5 AP1000 Task Analysis Implementation Plan .............................................................. 18.5-1
18.5.1 Task Analysis Scope ................................................................................... 18.5-1
18.5.2 Task Analysis Implementation Plan ............................................................ 18.5-2
18.5.3 Job Design Factors...................................................................................... 18.5-4
18.5.4 Combined License Information Item .......................................................... 18.5-4
18.5.5 References .................................................................................................. 18.5-5
18.6 Staffing........................................................................................................................18.6-1
18.6.1 Combined License Information Item .......................................................... 18.6-1
18.6.2 References .................................................................................................. 18.6-1

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18.7 Integration of Human Reliability Analysis with Human Factors Engineering ............ 18.7-1
18.7.1 Combined License Information .................................................................. 18.7-1
18.7.2 References .................................................................................................. 18.7-2
18.8 Human System Interface Design ................................................................................. 18.8-1
18.8.1 Implementation Plan for the Human System Interface Design ................... 18.8-3
18.8.2 Safety Parameter Display System (SPDS) ................................................ 18.8-10
18.8.3 Operation and Control Centers System ..................................................... 18.8-15
18.8.4 Human Factors Design for the Non-Human-System Interface
Portion of the Plant ................................................................................... 18.8-19
18.8.5 Combined License Information ................................................................ 18.8-22
18.8.6 References ................................................................................................ 18.8-23
18.9 Procedure Development .............................................................................................. 18.9-1
18.9.1 Combined License Information .................................................................. 18.9-1
18.9.2 References .................................................................................................. 18.9-1
18.10 Training Program Development ................................................................................ 18.10-1
18.10.1 Combined License Information ................................................................ 18.10-1
18.10.2 References ................................................................................................ 18.10-1
18.11 Human Factors Engineering Verification and Validation ......................................... 18.11-1
18.11.1 Combined License Information ................................................................ 18.11-1
18.11.2 References ................................................................................................ 18.11-1
18.12 Inventory ...................................................................................................................18.12-1
18.12.1 Inventory of Displays, Alarms, and Controls ............................................ 18.12-1
18.12.2 Minimum Inventory of Main Control Room Fixed Displays,
Alarms, and Controls ................................................................................ 18.12-1
18.12.3 Remote Shutdown Workstation Displays, Alarms, and Controls.............. 18.12-7
18.12.4 Combined License Information ................................................................ 18.12-8
18.12.5 References ................................................................................................ 18.12-8
18.13 Design Implementation ............................................................................................. 18.13-1
18.13.1 References ................................................................................................ 18.13-1
18.14 Human Performance Monitoring ............................................................................... 18.14-1
18.14.1 References ................................................................................................ 18.14-1

CHAPTER 19 PROBABILISTIC RISK ASSESSMENT................................................................... 19.1-1

19.1 Introduction ................................................................................................................. 19.1.1
19.1.1 Background and Overview.......................................................................... 19.1.1
19.1.2 Objectives ................................................................................................... 19.1.1
19.1.3 Technical Scope .......................................................................................... 19.1.2
19.1.4 Project Methodology Overview .................................................................. 19.1.3
19.1.5 Results ........................................................................................................ 19.1.4
19.1.6 Plant Definition ........................................................................................... 19.1.6
19.1.7 References................................................................................................... 19.1.6
19.2 Internal Initiating Events ............................................................................................. 19.2-1
19.3 Modeling of Special Initiators ..................................................................................... 19.3-1
19.4 Event Tree Models ...................................................................................................... 19.4-1

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19.5 Support Systems .......................................................................................................... 19.5-1

19.6 Success Criteria Analysis ............................................................................................ 19.6-1
19.7 Fault Tree Guidelines .................................................................................................. 19.7-1
19.8 Passive Core Cooling System - Passive Residual Heat Removal ................................ 19.8-1
19.9 Passive Core Cooling System - Core Makeup Tanks .................................................. 19.9-1
19.10 Passive Core Cooling System - Accumulator ............................................................ 19.10-1
19.11 Passive Core Cooling System - Automatic Depressurization System ........................ 19.11-1
19.12 Passive Core Cooling System - In-Containment Refueling Water Storage Tank ...... 19.12-1
19.13 Passive Containment Cooling ................................................................................... 19.13-1
19.14 Main and Startup Feedwater System ......................................................................... 19.14-1
19.15 Chemical and Volume Control System ..................................................................... 19.15-1
19.15.1 System Description ................................................................................... 19.15-1
19.15.2 System Operation ...................................................................................... 19.15-1
19.15.3 Performance during Accident Conditions ................................................. 19.15-1
19.15.4 Initiating Event Review ............................................................................ 19.15-1
19.15.5 System Logic Models................................................................................ 19.15-1
19.16 Containment Hydrogen Control System .................................................................... 19.16-1
19.17 Normal Residual Heat Removal System ................................................................... 19.17-1
19.18 Component Cooling Water System ........................................................................... 19.18-1
19.19 Service Water System ............................................................................................... 19.19-1
19.20 Central Chilled Water System ................................................................................... 19.20-1
19.21 ac Power System ....................................................................................................... 19.21-1
19.22 Class 1E dc & UPS System ....................................................................................... 19.22-1
19.23 Non-Class 1E dc & UPS System ............................................................................... 19.23-1
19.24 Containment Isolation ............................................................................................... 19.24-1
19.25 Compressed and Instrument Air System ................................................................... 19.25-1
19.26 Protection and Safety Monitoring System ................................................................. 19.26-1
19.27 Diverse Actuation System ......................................................................................... 19.27-1
19.28 Plant Control System ................................................................................................. 19.28-1
19.29 Common Cause Analysis .......................................................................................... 19.29-1
19.30 Human Reliability Analysis ...................................................................................... 19.30-1
19.31 Other Event Tree Node Probabilities ........................................................................ 19.31-1
19.32 Data Analysis and Master Data Bank ........................................................................ 19.32-1
19.33 Fault Tree and Core Damage Quantification ............................................................. 19.33-1
19.34 Severe Accident Phenomena Treatment .................................................................... 19.34-1
19.34.1 Introduction............................................................................................... 19.34-1
19.34.2 Treatment of Physical Processes ............................................................... 19.34-1
19.34.3 Analysis Method ....................................................................................... 19.34-6
19.34.4 Severe Accident Analyses ......................................................................... 19.34-6
19.34.5 Insights and Conclusions .......................................................................... 19.34-7
19.34.6 References................................................................................................. 19.34-7
19.35 Containment Event Tree Analysis ............................................................................. 19.35-1

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19.36 Reactor Coolant System Depressurization ................................................................ 19.36-1

19.36.1 Introduction............................................................................................... 19.36-1
19.36.2 Definition of High Pressure ...................................................................... 19.36-1
19.36.3 References................................................................................................. 19.36-2
19.37 Containment Isolation ............................................................................................... 19.37-1
19.38 Reactor Vessel Reflooding ........................................................................................ 19.38-1
19.39 In-Vessel Retention of Molten Core Debris .............................................................. 19.39-1
19.39.1 Introduction............................................................................................... 19.39-1
19.39.2 Background on the Application of In-Vessel Retention
to the Passive Plant ................................................................................... 19.39-1
19.39.3 Application of In-Vessel Retention to the AP1000 Passive Plant ............. 19.39-2
19.39.4 Reactor Vessel Failure Criteria ................................................................. 19.39-2
19.39.5 In-Vessel Melt Progression and Relocation .............................................. 19.39-2
19.39.6 Application of Heat Transfer Correlations to the AP1000 ........................ 19.39-3
19.39.7 Quantification of Heat Load on the Reactor Vessel Wall ......................... 19.39-4
19.39.8 Reactor Coolant System Depressurization ................................................ 19.39-4
19.39.9 Reactor Cavity Flooding ........................................................................... 19.39-5
19.39.10 Reactor Vessel Insulation Design Concept ............................................... 19.39-5
19.39.11 Reactor Vessel Failure .............................................................................. 19.39-6
19.39.12 Summary ................................................................................................... 19.39-6
19.39.13 References................................................................................................. 19.39-6
19.40 Passive Containment Cooling ................................................................................... 19.40-1
19.41 Hydrogen Mixing and Combustion Analysis ............................................................ 19.41-1
19.41.1 Introduction............................................................................................... 19.41-1
19.41.2 Controlling Phenomena ............................................................................ 19.41-1
19.41.3 Major Assumptions and Phenomenological Uncertainties ........................ 19.41-3
19.41.4 Hydrogen Generation and Mixing ............................................................ 19.41-5
19.41.5 Hydrogen Burning at Igniters.................................................................... 19.41-5
19.41.6 Early Hydrogen Combustion..................................................................... 19.41-5
19.41.7 Diffusion Flame Analysis ......................................................................... 19.41-8
19.41.8 Early Hydrogen Detonation ...................................................................... 19.41-9
19.41.9 Deflagration in Time Frame 3 ................................................................... 19.41-9
19.41.10 Detonation in Intermediate Time Frame ................................................... 19.41-9
19.41.11 Safety Margin Basis Containment Performance Requirement .................. 19.41-9
19.41.12 Summary ................................................................................................. 19.41-10
19.41.13 References............................................................................................... 19.41-10
19.42 Conditional Containment Failure Probability Distribution........................................ 19.42-1
19.43 Release Frequency Quantification ............................................................................. 19.43-1
19.44 MAAP4.0 Code Description and AP1000 Modeling ................................................ 19.44-1
19.45 Fission Product Source Terms................................................................................... 19.45-1
19.46 Not Used
19.47 Not Used
19.48 Not Used

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19.49 Offsite Dose Evaluation ............................................................................................ 19.49-1

19.50 Importance and Sensitivity Analysis ......................................................................... 19.50-1
19.51 Uncertainty Analysis ................................................................................................. 19.51-1
19.52 Not Used
19.53 Not Used
19.54 Low Power and Shutdown PRA Assessment ............................................................ 19.54-1
19.55 Seismic Margin Analysis........................................................................................... 19.55-1
19.55.1 Introduction............................................................................................... 19.55-1
19.55.2 Calculation of HCLPF Values .................................................................. 19.55-1
19.55.3 Seismic Margin Model .............................................................................. 19.55-7
19.55.4 Calculation of HCLPF ............................................................................ 19.55-12
19.55.5 Sensitivity Analyses ................................................................................ 19.55-14
19.55.6 Results and Insights ................................................................................ 19.55-14
19.55.7 References............................................................................................... 19.55-16
19.56 PRA Internal Flooding Analysis ............................................................................... 19.56-1
19.57 Internal Fire Analysis ................................................................................................ 19.57-1
19.58 Winds, Floods, and Other External Events ............................................................... 19.58-1
19.58.1 Introduction............................................................................................... 19.58-1
19.58.2 External Events Analysis .......................................................................... 19.58-1
19.58.3 Conclusion ................................................................................................ 19.58-7
19.58.4 References................................................................................................. 19.58-8
19.59 PRA Results and Insights .......................................................................................... 19.59-1
19.59.1 Introduction............................................................................................... 19.59-1
19.59.2 Use of PRA in the Design Process ............................................................ 19.59-3
19.59.3 Core Damage Frequency from Internal Initiating Events at Power ........... 19.59-3
19.59.4 Large Release Frequency for Internal Initiating Events at Power ........... 19.59-15
19.59.5 Core Damage and Severe Release Frequency from Events at
Shutdown ................................................................................................ 19.59-18
19.59.6 Results from Internal Flooding, Internal Fire, and Seismic
Margin Analyses ..................................................................................... 19.59-22
19.59.7 Plant Dose Risk from Release of Fission-Products ................................. 19.59-25
19.59.8 Overall Plant Risk Results ...................................................................... 19.59-25
19.59.9 Plant Features Important to Reducing Risk............................................. 19.59-26
19.59.10 PRA Input to Design Certification Process ............................................. 19.59-35
19.59.11 References............................................................................................... 19.59-37

APPENDIX 19A THERMAL HYDRAULIC ANALYSIS TO SUPPORT SUCCESS

CRITERIA ............................................................................................................... 19A-1

APPENDIX 19B EX-VESSEL SEVERE ACCIDENT PHENOMENA ............................................. 19B-1

19B.1 Reactor Vessel Failure ................................................................................................ 19B-2
19B.2 Direct Containment Heating........................................................................................ 19B-4
19B.3 Ex-Vessel Steam Explosions ....................................................................................... 19B-5
19B.4 Core Concrete Interactions .......................................................................................... 19B-5

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19B.4.1 Containment Pressurization due to Core Concrete Interactions .................. 19B-6

19B.5 Conclusions ................................................................................................................. 19B-7
19B.6 References ................................................................................................................... 19B-7

APPENDIX 19C ADDITIONAL ASSESSMENT OF AP1000 DESIGN FEATURES ..................... 19C-1

APPENDIX 19D EQUIPMENT SURVIVABILITY ASSESSMENT ................................................ 19D-1

19D.1 Introduction ................................................................................................................. 19D-1
19D.2 Applicable Regulations and Criteria ........................................................................... 19D-1
19D.3 Definition of Controlled, Stable State ......................................................................... 19D-2
19D.4 Definition of Equipment Survivability Time Frames .................................................. 19D-3
19D.4.1 Time Frame 0 - Pre-Core Uncovery ............................................................ 19D-3
19D.4.2 Time Frame 1 - Core Heatup ...................................................................... 19D-3
19D.4.3 Time Frame 2 - In-Vessel Severe Accident Phase ...................................... 19D-3
19D.4.4 Time Frame 3 - Ex-Vessel Severe Accident Phase ..................................... 19D-4
19D.5 Definition of Active Operation Time .......................................................................... 19D-4
19D.6 Equipment and Instrumentation for Severe Accident Management ............................ 19D-4
19D.6.1 Time Frames 0 and 1 - Accident Initiation, Core Uncovery and Heatup .... 19D-5
19D.6.2 Time Frame 2 - In-Vessel Core Core Melting and Relocation .................. 19D-10
19D.6.3 Time Frame 3 - Ex-Vessel Relocation ...................................................... 19D-13
19D.6.4 Summary of Equipment and Instrumentation............................................ 19D-16
19D.7 Severe Accident Environments ................................................................................. 19D-16
19D.8 Assessment of Equipment Survivability.................................................................... 19D-16
19D.8.1 Approach to Equipment Survivability....................................................... 19D-16
19D.8.2 Equipment Located in Containment.......................................................... 19D-17
19D.8.3 Equipment Located Outside Containment ................................................ 19D-21
19D.9 Conclusions of Equipment Survivability Assessment ............................................... 19D-21
19D.10 References ................................................................................................................. 19D-21

APPENDIX 19E SHUTDOWN EVALUATION................................................................................ 19E-1

19E.1 Introduction ................................................................................................................. 19E-1
19E.1.1 Purpose ....................................................................................................... 19E-1
19E.1.2 Scope .......................................................................................................... 19E-1
19E.1.3 Background ................................................................................................. 19E-1
19E.2 Major Systems Designed to Operate During Shutdown .............................................. 19E-2
19E.2.1 Reactor Coolant System .............................................................................. 19E-2
19E.2.2 Steam Generator and Feedwater Systems ................................................... 19E-6
19E.2.3 Passive Core Cooling System ..................................................................... 19E-8
19E.2.4 Normal Residual Heat Removal System ................................................... 19E-12
19E.2.5 Component Cooling and Service Water Systems ...................................... 19E-14
19E.2.6 Containment Systems................................................................................ 19E-15
19E.2.7 Chemical and Volume Control System ..................................................... 19E-16
19E.2.8 Spent Fuel Pool Cooling System............................................................... 19E-17
19E.2.9 Control and Protection Systems ................................................................ 19E-18

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19E.3 Shutdown Maintenance Guidelines and Procedures ................................................. 19E-18

19E.3.1 Maintenance Guidelines and Insights Important to
Reducing Shutdown Risk ......................................................................... 19E-18
19E.3.2 Shutdown Risk Management .................................................................... 19E-21
19E.3.3 Shutdown Emergency Response Guidelines Overview ............................ 19E-21
19E.4 Safety Analyses and Evaluations ............................................................................... 19E-22
19E.4.1 Introduction............................................................................................... 19E-22
19E.4.2 Increase in Heat Removal from the Primary System ................................. 19E-23
19E.4.3 Decrease in Heat Removal by the Secondary System ............................... 19E-27
19E.4.4 Decrease in Reactor Coolant Flow Rate.................................................... 19E-29
19E.4.5 Reactivity and Power Distribution Anomalies .......................................... 19E-30
19E.4.6 Increase in Reactor Coolant Inventory ...................................................... 19E-33
19E.4.7 Decrease in Reactor Coolant Inventory..................................................... 19E-34
19E.4.8 Loss-of-Coolant Accident Events in Shutdown Modes ............................ 19E-35
19E.4.9 Radiological Consequences ...................................................................... 19E-41
19E.4.10 Other Evaluations and Analyses ............................................................... 19E-42
19E.5 Technical Specifications ........................................................................................... 19E-43
19E.5.1 Summary of Shutdown Technical Specifications...................................... 19E-43
19E.6 Shutdown Risk Evaluation ........................................................................................ 19E-43
19E.7 Compliance with NUREG-1449 ............................................................................... 19E-43
19E.8 Conclusion ................................................................................................................ 19E-44
19E.9 References ................................................................................................................. 19E-44

APPENDIX 19F MALEVOLENT AIRCRAFT IMPACT ..................................................................19F-1

19F.1 Introduction and Background .......................................................................................19F-1
19F.2 Scope ............................................................................................................................19F-1
19F.3 Assesment Methodology ..............................................................................................19F-1
19F.4 Results/Conclusions .....................................................................................................19F-2
19F.4.1 Shield Building and Spent Fuel Pool ........................................................... 19F-2
19F.4.2 Site Arrangement .........................................................................................19F-2
19F.4.3 Core Cooling and Containment Integrity ..................................................... 19F-3
19F.4.4 Reactor Trip .................................................................................................19F-4
19F.4.5 Supporting Power, Instrumentation, and Control Equipment ...................... 19F-5
19F.4.6 Fire Barriers .................................................................................................19F-5
19F.5 References ....................................................................................................................19F-5

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