BASIC HVAC PRESENTATION
HEATING VENTILATION
AND
AIR-CONDITIONING
Prepared by:
Jonel A. Sudario
Prepared by:
Jonel A. Sudario
BASICS OF HVAC
HEATING
VENTILATION
AIR CONDITIONING
Prepared by:
Jonel A. Sudario
LEARNING OBJECTIVES:
1. Define heating, ventilation and air-conditioning.
2. Describe the purposes of HVAC.
3. Familiarize the standard human comfort and the factors
affecting it.
4. Identify the application of HVAC.
5. Understand the method of Heat Transfer.
6. Identify the major components and types of air-
conditioning.
7. Psychrometric Process and application.
Prepared by:
Jonel A. Sudario
BASICS OF HVAC
What is HVAC?
• HVAC stands for Heating, Ventilation and Air conditioning.
• refers to the equipment, distribution network and terminals used
either collectively or individually to provide fresh filtered air,
heating, cooling and humidity control in a building or occupied
space.
• HVAC systems control the indoor environment (temperature,
humidity, airflow, and air filtering)
Prepared by:
Jonel A. Sudario
BASICS OF HVAC
Human Comfort
• Condition at which most people are
likely to feel comfortable most of
the time.
• Also called as Thermal Comfort.
• Humans generally feel comfortable
between temperatures of 22 °C to
27 °C and a relative humidity of
40% to 60%.
(ASHRAE Standard 55)
Prepared by:
Jonel A. Sudario
BASICS OF HVAC
Factors Affecting Human Comfort
• Temperature
• Humidity
• Air movement
• Fresh Air
• Clean Air
• Noise level
• Adequate lighting
• Proper furniture and work
surfaces
Prepared by:
Jonel A. Sudario
BASICS OF HVAC
By Using HVAC System:
• Temperature can be raised or lowered.
• Humidity can be raised or lowered.
• Maintain proper filtration of air.
• Proper air movement.
• Outside air can be added or removed.
• To hold the air contamination within acceptable limits.
Prepared by:
Jonel A. Sudario
BASICS OF HVAC
Application of HVAC:
• Residential
• Commercial
• Industrial
• Educational
• Pharmaceuticals
• Hospitals
• Malls
• Offices
• And many more….
Prepared by:
Jonel A. Sudario
BASICS OF HVAC
Heat Transfer:
Prepared by:
Jonel A. Sudario
BASICS OF HVAC
Conduction, Convection & Radiation
• Conduction – is the
transfer of heat through
solid matters.
• Convection – is the
transfer of heat through
liquid.
• Radiation – is transfer of
heat through gas/air.
Prepared by:
Jonel A. Sudario
BASICS OF HVAC
Heat Transfer:
Prepared by:
Jonel A. Sudario
BASICS OF HVAC
Major Components of Air-Conditioning System:
• Compressor
➢ This component is the heart of the system
➢ Pump refrigerant through system
➢ Separates the high pressure side of the system from low
pressure side.
➢ If its fail, no cooling is takes place.
• Condenser
➢ Condenser coil is what gets rid of the heat in the system.
➢ Can be water cooled (located inside, cooled with cooling
tower water) or air cooled (located in outside open to
atmosphere) type.
Prepared➢by: Traps dirt and require preventive maintenance and cleaning.
Jonel A. Sudario
BASICS OF HVAC
• Evaporator
➢ Provide cooled air to the space.
➢ Located after the system air filters.
➢ Removes moisture from air (condensate).
➢ Traps inside dirt’s/dust in filters, so require preventive maintenance.
• Thermal expansion valve
➢ Located at the evaporator coil.
➢ Provide the correct amount of refrigerant to the evaporator
coil for proper cooling.
➢ Separates the high pressure side of the system from low
pressure side.
Prepared by:
➢ Failure could cause compressor failure & loss of cooling capacity.
Jonel A. Sudario
BASICS OF HVAC
Major Types of Air-Conditioning Systems
• Window AC
• Split AC
• Cassette AC
• Package AC
• Air Handling Unit (AHU)
(DX and CHW)
Prepared by:
Jonel A. Sudario
BASICS OF HVAC
Unit of Refrigeration
• Tons of Refrigeration (TR)
One ton of refrigeration (TR) is the amount of heat transfer rate
required to melt 1 ton (2000lbs) of ice in one day (24 hrs)
• 1 TR = 12,000 BTU/HR
Prepared by: = 3.516 KW
Jonel A. Sudario = 3024 KCAL/HR
BASICS OF HVAC
Refrigeration Cycle
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Jonel A. Sudario
BASICS OF HVAC
CHILLED WATER ISOMETRIC DIAGRAM
AHU
CHILLER
PUMP
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Jonel A. Sudario
PSYCHROMETRIC CHART
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Jonel A. Sudario
PSYCHROMETRIC CHART
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Jonel A. Sudario
PSYCHROMETRIC CHART
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Jonel A. Sudario
EXAMPLE:
➢ Find the properties of moist air when the dry-bulb
temperature (DBT) is 80 ˚F and the wet-bulb
temperature (RH) 40%
Question.
A. Moisture content H
Ans. 0.009 lb water / lb dry air
Question.
B. Dewpoint
Ans. 53 ˚ F
Prepared by:
Jonel A. Sudario
Prepared by:
Jonel A. Sudario
