Identifying
the Inquiry
and Stating
the Problem
Here is where your presentation begins
At the end of this lesson, you should be able to:
1. design a research useful in daily life
2. write research title
3. describe background of research
4. state research questions
5. indicate scope and delimitation of study
6. present written statement of the problem
Lesson 1
DESIGNING
RESEARCH
TOPIC
Distinguishing among Topic, Research
Problem, Purpose, and Research Questions
Topic Research problem Purpose Statement Research Questions
broad a general educational the major intent or narrows the purpose into
subject issue, concern, or objective of the study specific questions that the
matter controversy addressed used to address the researcher would like
addressed in research that narrows problem answered or addressed in the
by the study. the topic. study.
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Mathematics students in General grades of SHS grades of SHS students in
Mathematics students in General General Mathematics?
Mathematics
Sources of Research Topics or Problems
Specialization
Existing and past researches
Theses, dissertations and research journals
Problems met
Creative ideas of the researcher
Criteria for a Good Research Topics or
Problems
S • Specific
M • Measurable
A • Attainable
R • Realistic
T • Time-Bound
The four basic steps in designing a
research topic are the following:
do
choose a
preliminary
broad topic
01 02 research
define the
refine the
03 problem 04 question
01
choose a broad
topic
Choose a broad topic
Choose an interesting topic
research topic must be something that you
are passionate about.
Choose a broad topic
Select a Signifcant topic
A topic that is worth researching must be
able to answer or solve problems in the
community.
Choose a broad topic
Choose a topic relevant to your field
Choosing a topic that you can relate will
certainly make your research project less
challenging.
Choose a broad topic
Resources
Review of Literature
Field Experts
Brainstorming
02
do preliminary
research
Do a preliminary Research
• Once you have chosen a broad topic, you need
to have a better understanding of it by reading
some more articles, journals, and related
research studies.
• Find out how other researchers gathered their
data, what research instruments were used,
how the data were analyzed, and what
important findings they shared.
03
define the
problem
Define the problem
• At this stage, you should be able to narrow
down broad topic into feasible and manageable
research questions.
• A broad topic can be narrowed down by
limiting the population, place, period, or a
certain
04
refine the
question
Refine the question
• This step lets you evaluate the questions formulated.
• What specific questions should you ask?
• How should you gather your data sufficient to answer
the questions?
• Are the questions too narrow, or does it need to be
trimmed down?
• While evaluating the research question, consider the
requirements of the course.
• How much time are you given to finish the research?
• What resources do you need and are they available?
Activity
Directions: By group choose one broad topic
related to your track that interests you. Then,
preliminary research on this topic. Take note of
at least three related studies with its
corresponding author/s, then list three (3)
quantitative research questions related to the
topic. Follow the format below. Write your
answers in 1whole pad paper.
Activity
Broad Topic: _______________________
References:
1. Title: _______________________
Author/s: _______________________
Year of Publication: _______________________
Name of Journal/Publication: _______________________
Link: _______________________
Notes/ Important information: _______________________
Question 1: ______________________________________________
Question 2: ______________________________________________
Question 3: ______________________________
Lesson 2
RESEARCH
TITLE
Basic Guidelines in Make Research Title
1. Use an accurate description of the subject and scope of the
study instead of using general terms.
2. Do not use abbreviations except for commonly known ones
like DNA and ICT.
3. Do not include words like “The study of,” “analysis of,” “an
investigation of” or similar construction as these would only
lengthen the title.
4. Include the main dependent and independent variables.
5. Be mindful of the proper use of grammar and punctuation.
Basic Guidelines in Make Research Title
6. Capitalize all nouns, pronouns, verbs, adjectives, adverbs as
well as the first letter of the first and last words.
7. State in a declarative form, although you may also see titles
in question form from time to time.
8. The year the study has been conducted should not be
indicated unless it is a historical study.
9. Use current terminology.
10. Depending on the institutional requirements, 5 to15 words
are sufficient to describe the research study.
Basic Guidelines in Make Research Title
11. Use the common name instead of chemical formula (e.g.,
NH4)
12. Write and italicize the full scientific names.
13. Must reflect the tone of the paper. An academic research
paper has title which is not casual, or informal, or does not
contain humor.
The following steps can guide you in writing your
research title:
1. Determine what it is that you wish to accomplish or know
from your study. Write one to two sentences to state the
main objectives of your research project.
2. Include important keywords and variables. Revise the
sentences into one complete sentence that includes
important keywords and variables of the study.
The following steps can guide you in writing your
research title:
3. Shorten the title by eliminating unnecessary words. You may
also shrink a phrase into a simpler phrase or a single word. In
doing this, make sure that the main thought of the research
study is retained.
4. Correct grammar and punctuation errors if there is any.
5. Observe proper formatting. The format may vary according
to the requirements of the course or school. Please seek
guidance from your professor
Examples of Title Research
1. Makeup and Self – Esteem of Female SHS Students
2. Student – Friendly Marketing Strategies of Specialty Coffee
Shops and Market Viability
3. SHS Students’ Perception of Networking and Mindfulness to
Pyramid Selling
4. Online Shopping: Consumer Perception and Satisfaction
5. SHS Students’ Interest in KPOP and Their Preference to
Online Shopping
Exercise:
Directions: Write TRUE if the statement is correct and FALSE if it is incorrect.
1. Inserting humor on the research title makes it more interesting to the reader.
2. Abbreviations are a must to make the research title shorter.
3. Proper punctuation and correct grammar must be observed in writing the title.
4. All types of quantitative research design must include the independent and
dependent variables in the title.
5. Jargons make a research title more sophisticated.
6. Only the first letters of nouns and pronouns are capitalized.
7. To minimize the number of characters in the title, only use the chemical formula than
generic names.
8. Use declarative format in writing the research title.
9. To make it more specific, the year must be included in the title.
10. Using obsolete terms do not matter in writing the title.
