Worksheet
#1:
Equilibrium
Constants
Write
the
expression
for
the
equilibrium
Using
the
equilibrium
constant
expressions
you
constant
Keq
for
the
reaction
below:
determined
in
column
1,
calculate
the
value
of
Keq
when
the
following
concentrations
are
present:
1)
N2(g)
+
3H2(g)
⇔
2NH3(g)
[NH3]
=
0.0100
M;
[N2]
=
0.0200
M;
[H2]
=
0.0200
2) 2KClO3(s)
⇔
2KCl(s)
+
3O2(g)
[O2]
=
0.0500
M;
[KCl]
=
0.00250
M;
[KClO3]
=
2.00
M
3) H2O(l)
⇔
H+(aq)
+
OH-‐(aq)
[H+]
=
1
x
10-‐8
M;
[OH-‐]
=
1
x
10-‐6
M;
[H2O]
=
1
x
10-‐14
M,
4) 2CO(g)
+
O2(g)
⇔
2CO2(g)
[CO]
=
2.0
M;
[O2]
=
1.5
M;
[CO2]
=
3.0
M
5)
Li2CO3(s)
⇔
2Li+(aq)
+
CO3-‐2(aq)
[Li+]
=
0.20
M;
[CO3-‐2]
=
0.10
M;
[Li2CO3]
=
6.0
M
Worksheet
2
-‐
Equilibrium
Expressions
and
Calculations
(Keq
and
Q)
1. Write
the
equilibrium
expression
for
the
oxidation
of
hydrogen
to
form
water
vapor.
2H2(g)
+
O2(g)
⇔
2H2O(g)
2. Write
the
equilibrium
expression
for
the
formation
of
nitrosyl
bromide.
2NO(g)
+
Br2
(g)
⇔
2NOBr(g)
3. Write
the
equilibrium
expression
for
the
following
reaction:
NO(g)
+
O3(g)
⇔
O2(g)
+
NO2(g)
4. Write
the
equilibrium
expression
for
the
following
reaction:
CH4(g)
+
Cl2(g)
⇔
CH3Cl(g)
+
HCl(g)
5. Write
the
equilibrium
expression
for
the
following
reaction:
CH4(g)
+
H2O(g)
⇔
CO(g)
+
3H2(g)
6. Write
the
equilibrium
expression
for
the
following
reaction:
CO(g)
+
2H2(g)
⇔
CH3OH(g)
7. Write
the
equilibrium
expression
for
the
combustion
of
ethane
at
high
temperature.
2C2H6(g)
+
7O2(g)
⇔
4CO2(g)
+
6H2O(g)
8. Write
the
equilibrium
expression
for
the
decomposition
of
ethane.
C2H6(g)
⇔
C2H4(g)
+
H2(g)
Worksheet
2
-‐
Equilibrium
Expressions
and
Calculations
(Keq
and
Q)
continued…
9. Ammonia
is
synthesized
from
nitrogen
and
hydrogen
in
the
following
reaction:
N2(g)
+
3H2(g)
⇔
2NH3(g)
At
500
ºC,
the
equilibrium
constant
for
this
reaction
is
0.080.
Given
that
[NH3]
=
0.0596
M,
[N2}
=
0.600
M,
and
[H2]
=
0.420
M,
find
Q
and
predict
how
the
reaction
will
proceed.
10. The
decomposition
of
antimony
pentachloride
(SbCl5)
is
described
by
the
following
equation:
SbCl5(g)
⇔
SbCl3(g)
+
Cl2(g)
At
448
ºC,
the
equilibrium
constant
for
this
reaction
is
0.0251.
What
is
the
value
of
Q
if
[SbCl5}
=
0.095
M,
[SbCl3]
=
0.020
M,
and
[Cl2]
=
0.050
M?
How
will
this
reaction
proceed?
11. At
1000
ºC,
Keq
=
1.0
x
10-‐13
for
the
decomposition
of
hydrofluoric
acid
(HF),
as
described
in
the
reaction
2HF(g)
⇔
H2(g)
+
F2(g).
If
[HF]
=
23.0
M,
[H2]
=
0.540
M,
and
[F2]
=
0.380
M,
determine
the
value
of
Q
and
predict
how
the
reaction
will
proceed.
12. At
1227
ºC,
Keq
for
the
following
reaction
is
0.15:
2SO2(g)
+
O2(g)
⇔
2SO3(g)
If
[SO2]
=
0.344
M,
[O2]
=
0.172
M,
and
[SO3]
=
0.056
M,
find
Q
and
determine
how
the
reaction
will
proceed.
Worksheet
#3:
LE
CHATELIER’S
PRINCIPLE
Le
Chatelier’s
Principle
states
that
when
a
system
at
equilibrium
is
subjected
to
a
stress,
the
system
will
shift
its
equilibrium
point
in
order
to
relive
the
stress.
Complete
the
following
chart
by
writing
left,
right
or
none
for
equilibrium
shift,
and
decreases,
increases
or
remains
the
same
for
the
concentrations
of
reactants
and
products,
and
for
the
value
of
K.
N2(g)
+
3H2(g)
↔
2NH3(g)
+
22.0
kcal
Stress
Equilibrium
[N2]
[H2]
[NH3]
K
Shift
1.
Add
N2
Right
____
decreases
increases
Remains
the
same
2.
Add
H2
____
3.
Add
NH3
____
4.
Remove
N2
____
5.
Remove
H2
____
6.
Remove
____
NH3
7.
Increase
Temperature
8.
Decrease
Temperature
9.
Increase
Pressure
10.
Decrease
Pressure
WS
#3:
LE
CHATELIER’S
PRINCIPLE
continued…
12.6
kcal
+
H2(g)
+
I2(g)
↔
2HI(g)
Stress
Equilibrium
[H2]
[I2]
[HI]
Keq
Shift
[Link]
H2
right
____
decreases
increases
Remains
the
same
[Link]
I2
____
[Link]
HI
____
[Link]
H2
____
[Link]
I2
____
[Link]
HI
____
[Link]
Temperature
[Link]
Temperature
[Link]
Pressure
[Link]
Pressure
NaOH(s)
↔
Na+(aq)
+
OH-‐(aq)
+
10.6
kcal
(Remember
that
pure
solids
and
liquids
do
not
affect
equilibrium
values.)
Stess
Equilibrium
Amount
of
[Na+]
[OH-‐]
Keq
Shift
NaOH(s)
[Link]
NaOH(s)
____
[Link]
NaCl
____
(adds
Na+)
[Link]
KOH
____
(adds
OH-‐)
[Link]
H+
____
(removes
OH-‐)
[Link]
temperature
6.
Decrease
temperature
7.
Increase
Pressure
8.
Decrease
Pressure
Worksheet
#4:
Equilibrium
Problem
Set
1. For
each
of
the
following
reactions,
describe
what
effect
and
increase
in
pressure
would
have
on
the
equilibrium
position
of
the
reaction
(i.e.
shift
right,
shift
left,
no
change)
a) 2H2S(g)
<===>
2H2
(g)
+
S2
(g)
b) 2N2O5(g)
<===>
4NO2
(g)
+
O2
(g)
c) 4NO(g)
+
2O2
(g)
<===>
2N2O4(g)
d) 2NO(g)
+
Br2
(g)
<===>
2NOBr(g)
e) CO(g)
+
2H2
(g)
<===>CH3OH(g)
f) SO2
(g)
+
NO2
(g)
<===>SO3(g)
+
NO(g)
2. In
which
direction
would
the
equilibrium
shift
for
the
equation
in
1a
if
S2
were
removed
from
the
reaction
vessel?
3. In
which
direction
would
the
equilibrium
shift
for
the
equation
in
1b
if
N2O5
were
added?
4. In
which
direction
would
the
equilibrium
shift
for
the
equation
in
1c
if
O2
were
removed?
5. In
which
direction
would
the
equilibrium
shift
for
the
equation
in
1d
if
pressure
were
decreased?
6. In
which
direction
would
the
equilibrium
shift
for
the
equation
in
1e
if
CH3OH
were
removed?
7. In
which
direction
would
the
equilibrium
shift
for
the
equation
in
1f
if
heat
were
added?
(the
rxn
is
endothermic).
8. What
would
be
the
effect
on
the
equilibrium
position
of
an
equilibrium
mixture
of
Br2,
F2,
and
BrF5
if
the
total
pressure
of
the
system
were
decreased?
2BrF5(g)
<===>
Br2(g)
+
5F2
(g)
9. What
would
be
the
effect
on
the
equilibrium
position
of
an
equilibrium
mixture
of
carbon,
oxygen,
and
carbon
monoxide
if
the
total
pressure
of
the
system
were
decreased?
2C2
(s)
+O2
(g)
<===>
2CO(g)
10. A
weather
indicator
can
be
made
with
a
hydrate
of
cobalt
(II)
chloride,
which
changes
color
as
a
result
of
the
following
reaction:
CoCl2•6H2O
(s)
<===>
CoCl2(s)
+
6H20(g)
pink
blue
Does
a
pink
color
indicate
“moist”
or
“dry”
air?
Explain.
11. Consider
the
reaction:
CaCO3(s)
<===>
CaO(s)
+
CO2
(g)
Will
the
mass
of
CaCO3
at
equilibrium
increase,
decrease
or
remain
the
same
if
(a)
CO2
is
added
to
the
equilibrium
system?
(b)
the
pressure
is
increased?
(c)
solid
CaO
is
removed?
WS
#4:
Equilibrium
Problem
Set
Continued…
12. The
reaction
between
NO
and
O2
is
exothermic.
2NO(g)
+
O2
(g)
<===>
2NO2
(g)
Will
the
concentration
of
NO2
at
equilibrium
increase,
decrease,
or
remain
the
same
if
(a)
additional
O2is
introduced?
(b)
additional
NO
is
introduced?
(c)
the
total
pressure
is
decreased?
(d)
the
temperature
is
increased?
13. Predict
whether
the
equilibrium
for
the
photosynthesis
reaction
described
by
the
equation:
6CO2
(g)
+
6H20(ℓ)<===>
C6H12O6(s)
+
6O2
(g)
ΔH°
=
2801.69
kJ/mol
would
shift
to
the
right,
shift
to
the
left,
or
remain
unchanged
if
(a)
[CO2]
were
increased;
(b)
PO2
were
increased;
(c)
one
half
of
the
C6H12O6
were
removed;
(d)
the
total
pressure
were
decreased;
(e)
the
temperature
were
decreased;
(f)
a
catalyst
were
added.
14. What
would
be
the
effect
of
increasing
the
temperature
on
each
of
the
following
systems
at
equilibrium?
a) H2
(g)
+
I2
(g)
<===>
2HI(g)
+
9.45
kJ
b) PCl5(g)
+
92.5
kJ
<===>
PCl3(g)
+
Cl2
(g)
c) 2SO2
(g)
+
O2
(g)
<===>
2SO3(g);
ΔH°
=
-‐198
kJ/mol
d) 2NOCl(g)
<===>
2NO(g)
+
Cl2
(g);
ΔH°
=
75
kJ/mol
e) C(s)
+
H2O(g)
+
131
kJ
<===>
CO(g)
+
H2
(g)
15. What
would
be
the
effect
of
increasing
the
pressure
by
decreasing
the
volume
on
each
of
the
following
systems
at
equilibrium?
a) 2CO(g)
+
O2
(g)
<===>
2CO2
(g)
b) 2NO(g)
<===>
N2
(g)
+
O2
(g)
c) N2O4(g)
<===>
2NO2
(g)
d) Ni(s)
+
4CO(g)
<===>
Ni(CO)
4(g)
e) N2
(g)
+
3H2
(g)
<===>
2NH3(g)
16. The
value
of
Kc
is
0.020
at
2870°
for
the
reaction
shown
below.
There
are
0.800
mole
of
N2,
0.500
mole
of
O2,
and
0.400
mole
of
NO
in
a
1.00-‐liter
container
at
2870°C.
Is
the
system
at
equilibrium
or
must
the
forward
or
reverse
action
occur
to
a
greater
extent
to
bring
the
system
to
equilibrium?
N2
(g)
+
O2
(g)
<===>
2NO(g)
17. Given:
A(g)
+
B(g)
<===>
C(g)
+
D(g)
At
equilibrium
a
1.00-‐liter
container
was
found
to
contain
1.60
mole
of
C,
1.60
mol
of
D,
0.40
mol
of
A,
and
0.40
mole
of
B.
Calculate
the
equilibrium
constant
for
this
reaction.
