30 | Bria Networking Look at the map. What do youthink the red lines represent? What do you think the blue shadows represent? Discuss your answers with a partner. ‘You will hear a call between Dave Wells, the telecoms manager of an oil company in London and Jerry Rigg, a geophysicist in charge of a small exploration team in West Africa. They are discussing the infrastructure that is available and how they will set up a local exploration office and communicate regularly with London. ‘These abbreviations appear in the extract you are about to hear. Think about how they are pronounced. Which one is the odd one out? PIT MPLS PSTN -VSAT_—DSL DSL-= Digital Subscriber Line PTT~ Public Telephone & Telegranh Digital ines that are provided ty telephone ‘country's telephone network operator companies VolP = Voice over IP PAX = Private Rranch Fachange Parketized vnire cver Internet ‘telephone system bought and used bya company VSAT = Very Small Aperture Terminal intheir office A small satelite dish normally mounted on PSTN = Public Switched Telephone Network the roof ofa building Acountry’s telephone network® 2 : UT Networking | 3 jen to the extract and look at thediagrams. Tick (/) the infrastructure that has been completed and isavailable. Cross (x) the infrastructure that is still being developed oris being planned. 1 Submarine cable to Europe|] zIntelsatconnection|] 3 Global Ethernet services| 4 National fibre backbone 5 Digital switching equipment|_| 6 Fibre local loop |_| Listen to the extract again. Complete this email with the wordsin the box. infrastructure * capacity * localloop * redundant * datanetwork « teledensity © leadtimes + global ttnernet and it’s still pretty basic. Onthe plus side, there's ahigh fibre cabledown the west coast and the country is ccnnected via Intelsat , so there are connections, so basic emails and phone calls will never be a problem even fone of them | goes down. However, at the moment there are no international - providers outthereso_____ services arenot available. They will be able to geta fixed line, but the __“is just copser ee ‘are very long because iswell | belowaverage. Best, Dave Hi, I"ve had a talk with Jerry about the telecoms. ____'thatis available out there | | | | NP32 | UNIT: Networking 4 From your knowledge of telecoms note three t can't easily do with the existing infrastructure. igs that Jerry can easily do and three things Jerry When you have finished compare your notes with your partner. Match the two part verbs in Column A with the meanings in Column B. A 3 1 putin 3 consider, think about 2. phasing...out > discovered 3 dugup © getinformation about 4 rolling out 4 finishing with 5 lookat 2 happening 6 goingon + implementing 7 figure out 3 install 8 found out taken out ofthe ground Complete the sentences with the two part verbs from exercise 5. 1 We've been travelling around tryingto__ what telecoms infrastructure is available, 2 Whatwe have is that West Africa is connected to Europe ‘Some ofthe international data network providers are starting to ______expancing theirnetworks Toits credit, the PTT 4 ‘anational fibre backbone. 5 Theyare the old electro-mechanical exchanges. 6 Digital switching equipment is being. the new exchanges. 7 Sothere’salot. ‘ata ational level. 8 ‘The problem with the copper pairs in the ground is that they get Listen to the extract again and check your answers.UNITS Networking | 33 7 Read this email from Mgumba to David Wells giving some information about the country's main telephone network. Complete the email with the words in the box. PSTN » digital * twisted copper pai regional * PBXs * local * VoIP * electro-mechanical fibre * PTT © 4 From: Mgumba Batswana The PSTWa Yoice Services, n Country I've done some digging for you. The ' was of course based on analogue ‘technologies. Most of the equipment in the old exchanges was ? but this started being phased out five years ago. Digital equipment was installed in all the. _—’ exchanges first and now 100% of intercity traffic is digital. Dialling codes exist for each city. There are still some __' exchanges that are analogue but these are switching over to_______ at about one ner month, The local loops rile is predominately * but fibre is available for large offices in city centres. Lead times are a minimum of 30 days for coppe' and 90 days for __ ’, if available. The _ des install and maintain digital for businesses. Their range can grow to about 500 extensions and two switchboards. | have only noticed ‘one provider talking about_______"* services. ‘Mgumba 8B Make notes on the most important changes in the last few years that have affected: a your country’s PSTN (Public Switched Telephane Netword) Think shout: + equipment in local and regional exchanges, + the rollout offibre. + broadband speeds, SRBREGnGN fh niu ta ee y b your own use of voice calls. Thinkabout: + your use of landlines. + the price of calls. + your use of mobile technology. + your use of VoIP. Compare your notes with your partner.36 | UNIT Networking Q Read this articte from Big Oil's internal magazine about their experience in West Africa. Asyou read, number the order in which these things happened. ‘The company set up a 100lAb Ethernet LAN, ‘The team were given satelite phones. A contractor fitted out the office with CATS cabling. __ The company installed a private fibre loop to the new MPLS node. The company installed VoP and teleconferencing applications. A global data networking provider extended WAN services to the capital. hen Big Oil started its search for oll in West Africa, their geophysicsts carried out surveys to see whether there were any oll reservoirs underground, These surveys produced alot of data which needed to be sent back to Head Office, but how do you transfer half @ gigabyte of data out of the jungle when the local telecoms infrastructure n't up to it, or not there at all? We tak to Dave Wells, Telecommunications Manager at Big Oil, about these challenges. “The geophysicists who went out there frst used sat-phones to transmit voice and data But of course once the decicion to drill was made, we had far more users to support with various requirementsina proper office environment.’ Big Oil's telecoms team isused to providing global voice and data connectivity into emote locations, says Dave. 'We worked with one of the global data networking providers to extend their WAN serviceshere ‘and convinced them to put an MPLS node into the capital. This meant they had a local presence and it allowed us to connect to their global network. We then had 8Mb ‘connectivity from the router in my comms foom in London down to the capital. We decided to pay to dig a trench and lay our own fiore local loop to giveusreliable, high capacity bandwidth to our new premises.” ‘Alocal contractor wired out the office with CATS cabling. We installed and remotely manage our own LAN bub and run a 100Mb Ethernet LAN around the building to laptops and PCs which have the same specifications and applications as London. We decided against a standalone Pax because we hed a full 8Mb for voice, data andvideo traffic. We et up our 30staff with Volt end teleconferenciny applications on their computers and they use headsets for their voice calls. This all works well, and from the traffic analysis we can see that they actually videoconference with London more often than just talk Decause of the infrastructure we put in forthem." Despite being remote, the team on the ‘ground now have the same capabilities as London, another example of how telecoms ‘and IT can support businesses that operate in hard-to- reach places.WTA Networking | 35 10 Read the text again. Say if the following statements are TRUE (T) or FALSE (F) according to 11 12 13 thetext. The geophysicists did not find evidence of underground oil reservoirs. Dave Wells said the new office orly needed satellite phones. A global networking provider opened a new facility in the capital. The exploration office installed its own local loop. JO000 ‘The LAN in the exploration office 's managed from London, aun ‘The staffin the exploration officemake all their calls via their computers, Read the text and find a word or phrase that means: A person who isin charge of a company's telecommunications. An organization that provides international telecommunications and internet access. ‘A network that covers a wide area such as a city or country. ‘A point wherea connection can be made to an MPLS network. Acable which allows a user to comect toa local exchange or node. network inan office or home that links different computers together. common connection point for devices in a local network. A private telephone exchange that serves a business or office. We canuse therelative pronouns who,which, We can use where to mean in which, an which, ot where, when, and that to describe anddefine, to which. We use who for people: We looked fore building where we couldset up on The geophysicists who went out there rstusedsat office. Cd ‘We can use when to refer to times, days, necks, We use which forthings: months, ec. These surveys produced lot ofdata which needed We hod severol days when communication with tobe sent back. London wos very difficult. We can use that for people or things: Telecoms and IT can support businesses that operate in hard-to-reach places. Complete these definition using wha, which, that, where, or when. Asatellite phone is a kind of phone... Ageophysicistis.a scientist . CATs cabling isa kind of wire... ATelecommunications Manageris someone... Anintemet caféis a place .. Abankholiday isa day... Practise using these relative pronouns ina short game. [partner ruts ge ree36 | UNIT Networking 8 14 Listen to the telephone call between a Big Oil Network Operations Manager and a remote employee in the exploration office. They are trying to locatea network fault, Complete the left-hand colurmn of the trouble ticket with the words below See the example. the right ordi Ethernet cable and port * IPaddress * LANhub * networkcard * ping test * power + round tripdelay © router * VPN Big Oil Network Fault Management User Name Contact Numbers Email Address Summary 1 Power a Trouble Ticket Trouble Ticket Number 2574 Florence Knight Office +2191 356 5011 Mobile +219 7831 565889 Fknight@bigoil.com Userhas lost voice and data connectivi PC this morning Yes / No _ Connected / Unconnected Functional / Non Functional _Tested / Untested Visible / invisible Responding / Unresponsive 10.223.44.867" Successful / Unsuccessful Acceptable / Unacceptable Open / Closed ‘inorder toavoid using an IP address inuse we have used a fctional IPaddress. ReallPaddresses corsist of four numbers ranging romo to 255 separated by dots. 15 Listen again and cross out the correct words in the right-hand column,UNIT4 Networking | 37 16 complete the word puzzle to find the hidden expression. Listen to the extract again if necessary. 1 Florence tells Greg that she has lst voice and data 2 Gregtelther that he will walk her. 3. First ofallhe asks her ifthere is 4 Heasks herto check that the Ethernet cable is, in 5 He doesn't bother to check the LAN. 6 It'sclearthat the LAN is, 7 Greg says that the VPNnetwork_______OK. 8 Gregcansee the on his network management application ‘9 The problems that the networkcardis not. : 10. Greg asks herto reboot her. 11 Greg says he will her network card with a ping test. 42. Greg carries out a round trip delay test to check that acceptable. 43, Atthe end ofthe conversation, Greg closes the Noawnune © | u 2 3 17 Work witha partner. Role play twe calls to sort out technical problems. roZ)> er Hes. 0.76 Paine Fes p7838 | UNITS Networking Cag Read the article about networking developing countries and answer the questions below. ‘As developing countries seek to upgrade their telecoms networks, they are faced with difficult choices. Onthe one hand, theyhave the edvantage of being able to forget about rolling outnational xed line networks. In some countries, teledensity is 25 low as 4%, so expanding a wired nebwork to cover en entire popviation is far too expensive. The result is that they cen oypass en old technology and move streicht to @ national wireless network to provide broadband and voice (VoIP) services. On the other hand, there is a difficult choice to make - Wi-Maxor 36? In many developing countries, WiMax (Worldwide interoperability for Microwave Access) hes already made a huge impact. It delivers high-speed access wirelessly, enabling fixed and mobile broadband services over large caverage areas. itis an IP-besed systemand comes in two versions, fixed and motile. Fixed WrMiaxis suited for delivering wireless last mile access for fixed broadband services, similer to DSL. Mobile WiiViax supports bath fixed and mobile ‘epplications with impraved performance and capacity while adding full mobility In India, Tats has launched what it says will be the world's biggest WiMax network, with 8 projected cost of $600 milion, Inthe other corner'is 36 [and coming soon, 4G and LTE}, @ welkestablished wireless network in developed countries. S3Ghas evolved from the voice-centric telecoms world, but is eble to deliver not just voice but high speed broadband access as well. The last ten years have seen the groweh of huge networks in the developed world, and emerging nations are catching up ‘rapidly. China is investing billions of dollars in roling out @ nationwide SG nework that will reach 70% of the populaticn, and the Asia Pacific region expects to have over 500 million 33 subscribers in the next few yeers. In the longer torm, we ore siready starting to see the convergence of WiMexand 36. While \WrMoxthoebroadened te becomia more mabe andepahie ofheing ced fnrmmodia services, 3G cellular has become increasingly broadband, resulting in prectical convergence between these fields of development. Whet's more, both are driven to uso the same core sets of technologies. ‘Ac the momene, developing countries stil have to make e choice between the two systems, and are faced with the familar Betamax vs VHS or BluRay vs HO decision. But ifthe two technologies can co-operete rather than compete, then the future of broadtend end voice services in developing countries wil look a lot brighter. Why are some developing countries not developing their wired networks? What suggests that Wi-Max and 36 are equally suitable for developing counties? 3. According to the text, whatwill happen to Wi-Max and 3G in the future? * What wireless technologies are being used in your country? ‘+ Whatare the limits to wireless technology when compared to fixed line? = Canyou see the world becoming entirely wireless inthe future?