LESSON 4-1

TUNE-UP EXERCISES
Multiple-Choiceschool
1. By the
end of the
year, Terryhad 5. After 2
months on a diet, John's weight
passed 80% of his science tests. If Terry
failed 4 science tests, how many science dropped from 168 pounds to 147 pounds. By
tests did Terry pass?
what percent did John's weight drop?

(A) 12 (A) 12-%

(B) 15
(C) 16 (B) 14≤%
(D) 18
(C) 21%
(D) 25%
2. A soccer team has played 25 games and has
won 60% of the games it has played. What is
6. If cup of milk is added
to a 3-cup mixture
the minimum number of additional games 3
that is flour and
the team must win in order to finish the milk, what percent of
5
season winning 80% of the games it has the 4-cup mixture is milk?
played?
(A) 80%
(A) 28 (B) 75%
(B) 25 (C) 70%
(C) 21 (D) 65%
(D) 18

7. If the result of increasing a by 300% of a is b,

3. In a movie theater, 480 of the 500 seats were then a is what percent of b?
occupied. What percent of the seats were
(A) 20%
NOT occupied?
(B) 25%

(A) 0.4%
(C) 33+%
(B) 2%

(C) 4% (D) 40%

(D) 20%
8. After : 20% increase, the new price of a radio

In a certain mathematics class, the part of is $78.00. What was the original price of the
4.

the class that are members of the math club radio?

is 50% of the rest of that class. The total

(A) $15.60
number of math club members in this class
(B) $60.00
IS what percent of the entire class? (C) $62.40
(D) $65.00
(A) 20%
(B) 25%
9. After a discount of 15%, the price of a shirt is
(C) 33-% $51. What was the original price of the shirt?
3

(D) 50% (A) $44.35

(B) $58.65
(C) $60.00
(D) $64.00

PROBLEM SOLVING AND DATA ANALYSIS 209

 10. Three students uso computer for a total of Jack's weight firnt increased by
14.
20%h andthen
his new wolght decreased by
3 hours, If
the frat student uses the 25%, His fina
computer 2896 of the total time, and the welght it what percent of his beginning
second student
uses the computer 52% of
weight?
the total time,
how many minutes does the (A) 95%
third student use the computer? (B) 92.5%
(A) 24 (C) 90%

(1) 30 (D) 88.5%

(C) 36
(D) 42 15. The price of a stock falls 25%. By what
percent of the new price must the stock
11. In an
opinion poll of 50 men and 40 women, price rise in order to reach its original value
70% of the men and 25% of the women said (A) 25%
that they preferred fiction to non-fiction (B) 30%
books. What percent of the number of
read fiction?
(C) 33 %
people polled preferred to
(D) 40%
(A) 40%
(3) 45%
VOTING POLL
(C) 50%
(D) 60% Candidate / 30%

Candidate B 50%6

12. In a factory that manufactures light bulbs, Undecided 20%

0.04% of all light bulbs manufactured are
defective. On the average, there will be three 16. The table above summarizes the results of
defective light bulbs out of how many an election poll In which 4,000 voters
manufactured? participated. In the actual election, all 4,000
of these people voted. Those people who
(A) 2,500
chose elther candidate A or candidate Bin
(B) 5,000
the poll voted for that candidate. People who
(C) 7,500 undecided in the poll voted for
were
(D) 10,000
candidate A in the election in the same
proportion as the people who cast votes for
13. A used-car lot has 4-door sedans, 2-door the two candidates in the poll. Of the people
Of these
sedans, sports cars, vans, and jeeps, for candidate A in
polled, how many voted
vehicles, 40% are 1-door sedans, 25% are
the actual election?
cars, 10% are
2-door sedans, 20% are sports
If this
vans, and 20 of the vehicles are jeeps. (A) 1,420

lot has no other vehicles, how many (B) 1,500

car
the used car lot? (C) 1,640
vehicles are on
(D) 1,680
(A) 300
(B) 400
(C) 480

(D) 600
 a tripwith20gallonsof gas inits
A car starts
mok. The car traveled3
17. at
an average speed of
for hours and consumed
65 miles per hour
rate of 30 miles per gallon, What
gas in the tank was used for
percent of the
the 3-hour trip?

(B) 33.0
0 33.5
D 34.0

Grid-in if a consumer A high school tennis team is scheduled to

discount 4.
A store offers a 4% by credit card. play 28 matches. If the team wins 60% of the
cash rather than paying first 15 matches, how many
additional
pays
item is $84.00, what
ifthe cash price of an
in order to
matches must the team win
purchase price the same
of
the credit-card finish the season winning 75% of its

item? scheduled matches?

28 girls, 80% of the
Soccer Tennis 5. In a club of 35 boys and
Basketball girls have been
boys and 25% of the
58
20
members for more than
years. What
41 maction of the club membership have been
B4
members for more than
2 years?
Boys

of a survey of the

above shows the results their hichschoolgraduating clas: 40%

2. The table
were asked to name
6. In a
be attending a 4-year college,
in which students
students will college,
froma list of
basketball, will be attending 2-year
junior
favorite sport he entering theworkforcestudents
22%
percentage of the upon
soccer, or tennis. What
did not choose
soccer as
18% will
remaining 51
graduation, and the many students arein
studentssurveyed
sport? are undecided.
How
theirfavorite 28 students the graduating
class?
registration,
3. During course college class. After three
enrollina certainfromthe class, 44%
of the

boys are droppedboys. What percent of

the
of
class consists girls comprise?
did
original class
 LESSON 4-2
TUNE-UP EXERCISES

Multiple-Choice
L. A
recipe for 4servingsrequiressaltand S.
If s and care integers, 8 <1 < 40, and
tobe added the ratio of 2:3. If the
in
pepper
recipe is adjusted from
how many possible values are there for 1?
to 8 servings. what
salt
the ratio of the
and pepper that must
is
now be added? (B) Three
(C) Four
4:3
(D) Five
2:6
6. A school club includes only sophomores,
I1
juniors, and seniors, in the ratio of 1:3:2.
the club has 12 members, how many seniors

certainmap, of an inch represents are in the club?

2. On
(A) 6
does - inches
120 milles. How many miles 4 (B) 7
(C) 12
represent? (D) 14

(A) 300
d the ratio of e to di
(8) 860 what is

(C) 480
560 (A) 5:1
(B) 3:2
a bacteria culture doubles
1 The population of The ratio of the
(C) 4:3
12 minutes.
in number every end of hour to
(D) 3:4

number of bacteria
at the
at the beginning of pairs of socks costs $10.00, how many
of bacteria
the number
I 4 $22.507
can be purchased for
8.

that hour Is pairs of socks

(A) 5
(A) 64:1
(B) 7
(1) 60:1
(C) 8
(C) 32:1
(D)
(D) 16:1 How
fence in 5 hours.
of the paint
season, the ratio Two boys can
the
to paint
end of the
9.
take 3 boys
1, At the
a team has
won to the many hours would
number of games 4:3. If the team same fence?
it lost is
number of games
and each game played
ended
won 12 games games
win or a
how many
loss,
(A)
in either a
during the season? (B) 3
did the team play
(C)
(A) 9

(B) 15
(C) 18
(D) 21
217
DATA ANALYSIS
COLVING AND
10 A car moving at a constant rate travels 96
miles in 2 hours. I the car maintains this
14. If in the equation above x and zare integers,
rate, how many miles will the car travel in 5
hours? which are possible values of 5,
(A) 480
(B) 240 9

(C) 210
I1. -
(D) 192 3

11. The number of kilograms of corn needed to

(A) 1I only
feed 5,000 chickens is 30 less than twice the
(B) I1I only
number of kilograms needed to feed 2,800
(C) and Ill only
chickens. How many kilograms of com are
(D) II and III only
needed to feed 2,800 chickens?

(A) 70 15. If a - 3b = 9b- 7a, then the ratio of a to bis

(B) 110 (A) 3:2

(C) 140 (B) 2:3
(D) 190 (C) 3:4
(D) 4:3
12. The number of calories burned while jogging
varies directly with the number of minutes 16. The ratio of A to Bis a:8, and the ratio of B
180 calories
spent jogging. If George burns to Cis 12:c. If the ratio of A to Cis 2:1, what
how many
by jogging for 25 minutes, is the ratio of a to c7
calories does he burn by jogging for 40
(A) 2:3
minutes?
(B) 3:2

(A) 200 (C) 4:3

(B) 276 (D) 3:4

(C) 288
ratio of rto 1?
(D) 300 17. If 8' = 4', what is the

12 when a C, (A) 2:3

13. If y varies directly as x when
and y-x = 8? (B) 3:2
of
what is y in terms 4:3
(C)
(D) 3:4

and
at c - 3. what is the ratio of
18. If =
b

c to b?

(A) 2:3
96 (B) 3:2
(D) :
(C) 2:1
(D) 3:1

WORKBOOK
218 SAT MATH
 is 3:8 mathematics
. Ina certaincollege, theratio of 1fin the represents a number picked at random
majors to English majors
the number of
illowing school yearincreases probability that x will satisfy the inequality
mathematics majors 20% and the 4 - 3x < 62
15%.
number of English majors decreases
ratio of mathematics majors (A)
what is the new
to finglish majors?

8 1:2
(0 9:17
(D 17:32
the ratio of the
80
in college basketballgume,
attended to the
23. What are the coordinates of the point Pin
number of freshmen who
whose
the ry-plane that divides the segment
mumbes ofjuniors who attended is3:4.
The
A(-2, 9) and B(7, 3) into two
attended endpoints are
of juniors who segments such thatthe ratio of
AP to PB is
ratio of the number
of seniors who attended is
to the number to 27

Whatis the ratio of the number

of
7.6. of seniors who (A) P(1. 5)
freshmen to the number (B) P(4, 1)
game?
attended the basketball (C) P(, 7)
(D) P(2, 6)
( 7:8
of the
(B) 3:4 24. In the xy-plane, the
coordinates
A(-8,-2) and B(16, 6).
(© 2:3 endpoints of AB aresuch that AP: PB= 3:5,
AB
(D) 1:2 If point Pis on of P?
an airstrip. the coordinates
what are
build
2. I1took 12 men 5 hours to how many
Working at the same rate,
have been hired
in (A) (1:1)
additional men could hour less?
(B) (7:3)

job to
have taken (C) (1:3.6)
order for the
(D) (7:2.8)

(A) Two
(B) Three
(C Four
(D) Six

219
ANALYSIS
DATA
AND
Grid-In

L. A string is cut into 2 pieces that have lengths

in the ratio of 2:9. If the difference between

the lengths of the 2 pieces of string is 42

inches, what is the length in inches of the
shorter piece?

2, For integer values of a and b. b The

ratio of a to b is equivalent to the ratio of

to d, where c and d are integers. What is the
value of c when d = 102

3. Jars A, B, and Ceach contain 8 marbles.

What is the minimum number of marbles
that must be transferred among the jars SO
that the ratio of the number of marbles in jar
5. A square dartboard is placed in the first
A to the number in jar B to the number in jar
quadrant from x = 0 to and y = 0 to 6, as
Cis 1:2:37
shown in the accompanying figure. A

triangular region on the dartboard is

enclosed by the graphs of the equations
y=2,x= 6, and y= x (not shown). Find the
H o u rs probability that a dart that randomly hits the
dartboard will land in the triangular region
(50,40)
formed by the three lines.

Number
Number of Workers

4. A political campaign organizer has

determined that the number of hours
needed to get out a mailing for her
candidate is inversely related to the number
uses the
of campaign workers she has. If she
information in the accompanying graph,

how many hours would it take to do the

mailing if 125 workers are used?

 LESSON 4-3 TUNE-UP EXERCISES

Multiple-Choice
If four pens cost $1.96, what is the greatest 4. A freight train left a station at 12 noon, going
number of pens that can be purchased for north at a rate of 50 miles per hour. At

$7.68? 1:00 P.M. a passenger train left the same

station, going south at a rate of 60 miles per
(A) 12 hour. At what time were the trains 380 miles
(B) 14
apart?
(C) 15
(D) 16 (A) 3:00 P.M.
(B) 4:00 P.M.

2. Two pipes of different diameters may be (C) 4:30 P.M.

used to fill a swimming pool. The pipe with (D) 5:00 P.M.

the larger diameter working alone can fill the

5. A man drove to work at an average rate of
swimming pool 1.25 times faster than the
speed of 60 miles per hour and returned
other pipe when it works alone. One hour
over the same route driving at an average
after the larger pipe is opened, the smaller
rate of speed of 40 miles per hour. If his total
pipe is opened, and the swimming pool is
driving time was 1 hour, what was the total
filled 5 hours later. Which equation could be
number of miles in the round trip?
used to find the number of hours, x, it would
take for the larger pipe to fill the pool (A) 12
working alone? (B) 24
(C) 30
(A) (D) 48

(B) 6. If xpeople working together at the same rate

of
can complete a job in h hours, what part

1 (E)1.25 - (3) -1 the same job can one

k hours?
person working alone
complete in

ID (F)-(3)1.25 -1
(A) th
3. On a certain map, 1.5 inches represent a h
cities on this
distance of 120 miles. If two

distance, in
map are 1 foot apart, what is the (C)
miles, between the cities?
kh
(D)
(A) 180

(B) 480

(C) 960

(D) 1,080
 caninstall 5 light fixtures in
An electrician Carmen went on a trip of 120 miles, traveling
11,

,hours.
Workingat that rate,how long willit an average of r miles per hour. Several
light fixturest
41

atethe electrician to install& days later she returned over the

same route
at a rate that was5 miles per hour faster
IA) 9-
hours than her
previous rate. If the time for the
return trip was one-third of an hour less
hours than the time for the outgoing trip, which
equation can be used to find the value of
hours
120
(A)

hours
(B)
120

and a passenger train start 120

freight train (C)

other at the same time from
towardeach miles apart, After 120
that are 500
twotowns still 80 miles apart. If
hours, the trains are
rateof speed of the passenger
the average hourfasterthan the 12, Jonathan drove to the airport to pick up his
is 20 miles per friend. A rainstorm forced him to drive at an
train
in miles average speed of 45 miles per hour, reaching
rate of speed,
what is the average the airport in 3 hours. He drove back
home

freight train?
per hour. of the at an average speed of 55 miles per hour
How long, to the nearest tenth of an hour
(A) 40
did the trip home take him?
(B) 45
(A) 2.0 hours

(D) 60 (B) 2.5 hours

(C) 2.8 hours

One machine
canseal 360packagesper (D) 3.7 hours
9

hour, and an
older machine can seal 140
MINUTES as his

packages per hour.

How many
13. A plumber works twice as last
the wo machinesworkingtogether take apprentice.
plumber has worked
After the
hours, his apprentice joins
will him
of 700 packages? alone for 3
to seal a total job
and working together they complete the
would it have
How many hours
(A) 48 hours later.
to do
the entire job by
(B) 72 taken the plumber
(C) 84 himsell?
(D) 90
(A) 9
per hour
10.
A motorboat traveling at 10miles
one-quarter
(B) 12
in
traveled the length of a lake when
(C) 14

ofan hourlesstimethan it took the

(D) 18

12 miles per
hour. What was
traveling al
the lake?
length in miles of

(A) 6
(B) 9
(C) 12

(D) 15
DATA ANALYSIS 225

PROBLEM SOLVING AND

Grid-In

I. Fruit for a dessert costs $1.20 a pound. If 5

pounds of fruit are needed to make a dessert FOREIGN CURRENCY CONVERSIONS
that serves 18 people, what is the cost of the
U.S. Dollar to British Pound = 1.56 to
fruit needed to make enough of the same
British Pound to Euro = 1 to 1.38
dessert to serve 24 people?

2. A printing press produces 4,600 flyers per

hour. At this rate, in how many minutes can 3. Foreign currency conversion rates for the
the same printing press produce 920 flyers?
British pound, U.S. dollar, and Euro are
listed above. What would be the cost in U.S.
dollars for a shirt that has a purchase price
of 46 Euros, correct to the nearest dollar?

4. Joseph typed a 1,200-word essay in 25

minutes with an average of 240 words on a

page. At this rate, how many 240-word pages

can he type in I hour?
 LESSON 4-4 TUNE-UP
EXERCISES

Multiple-Choice
ft 60 sec 60 min
1. Which expression could be used to change 8 40 yd 3 ft 5,280
I mi 1 min 1 hr
4.5 sec
kilometers per hour to meters per minute?
5. A sprinter who can run the 10-yard dash in
converts his speed into miles
(A) 4.5 seconds
1,000 m 60 min
per hour, using the product above. Which
1,000 m 60 min
fraction in the product is incorrectly written
(B)
to convert his speed?
1,000 m
(C) 3 ft
60 min
(A)
1 yd
60 min
(D) 5,280 ft
1,000 m
(B)

60 sec
2. Which expression represents 72 kilometers (C) 1 min
hour?
per hour expressed as meters per 60 min
(D)
(A) 7.2 x 10-4

(B) 7.2x 102

constellation is approximately
(C) 7.2x103 6. A star
One light
(D) 7.2 x 10' 3.1 x 104 light years from Earth.
miles. What is the
year is
about 5.9 x 1012
If the mass of a proton is
1.67 x 10 gram, approximate distance, in miles, between
Farth and the constellation?
3.

what is the
number of grams in the mass of
1,000 protons? (A) 1.83 x 1017
(B) 9.0 X 1049
(A) 1.67 x 10-47
(C) 1.9 x 108
(B) 1.67 x 10-23 1016
(D) 9.0 x
(C) 1.67 x 10-22
(D) 1.67 x 10-21 that is used to treat
7. An eye medication
eye is
increased pressure inside
the
basketball team. During the
12 players on a
4. There are
ankles of each player packaged in 2.5 mililiter bottles.
10 decaliter
Before a game, both manufacturing process,filla the bottles. If 1
roll of tape will
tape three
are taped. Each be used to capacity bin is
used (O
liters and 1 liter
ankles. Which product can of tape equivalent to 10
decaliter iS
determine the
number of rolls milliliters, what is the
is equivalent
needed to tape the
players' ankles? bottles that can be

maximum number of
3 ankles
1 player filled?
.
(A) 12 players 2 ankles
roll
3 rolls (A) 4 x 105
.
(B) 12 players • 2 ankles l ankle (B) 4 x 104
103
ankles 1 roll (C) 2.5 X
2
. ankles 102
(C) 12 players I player
X
3 (D) 2.5
3 ankles
.
(D) 12 players 3 players
roll

WORKBOOK
230 SAT MATH
Grid-in
1. At a party, six 1-liter bottles of soda are 1. A certain generator will run for 1.5 hours
completely emptied into 8-ounce cups. What
on

one liter of gas. If the gas tank has the

shape
is the least number of cups that are needed? of a rectangular box that Is 25 cm by 20 em
[There are approximately 1.1 quarts in by 16 cm. how long will the generator run on
liter.) a full tank of gas? (1 liter = 1,000 cubic

centimeters)
2. On a certain map. 1 inch represents
2 Kilometers. A region is located on the map 5. One knot IS one nautical mile per hour, and

that is 1.5 inches by 4.0 inches. What is the one nautical mile is 6,080 feet. If a cruiser
actual area of the region in square miles if ship has an average speed of 3.5 knots, how
kilometer is equal to 0.6 mile?
many feet does the ship travel in 24

minutes?
distance from Earth to Mars is
3. The
136,000,000 miles. A spacecraft travels at an 6. A square block of quartz has a side length
average speed of 28,500 kilometers per hour. of 40 centimeters and a height of
Determine, to the nearest day, how long 20 centimeters. If quartz has density of
reach Mars.
it will take the spacecraft to
2.65 grams per cubic centimeter, how many
(1 kilometer - 0.6 miles) kilograms is the mass of the block?

liter = 0.264 gallon

1 pound e 16 ounces

7. Seawater contains approximately 1.2 ounces

How many
of salt per liter on average.
gallons of seawater, to the nearest tenth of a
salt?
gallon, contains 1 pound of

231
DATA ANALYSIS
PROBLEMSOLVING
AND
 LESSON 4-5
TUNE-UP EXERCISES

Multiple-Choice
1,4 share of a certain stock costs
1. OnJanuarymonth thereafter, the cost
$180. Each of a

shareof this stock

decreasedby one-third. If
represents the time, in months, and y
represents the cost of
the stock, in dollars,

which graph best represents the cost of a

share over the following 5 months?
(A) Graph A
(B) Graph B
(D Graph C
Graph D

100
100

20
20
12345
Graph B
Graph /

100
100

20

20
Graph D

Graph C

239
AND DATA
ANALYSIS
PROBLEM SOLVING
 4. After a single sheet of paper is folded in half
2. A certain population of insects starts at 16 there are two layers of paper. The same
is the sheet
and doubles every 6 days. What
of paper is repeatedly folded in half. If
population after 60 days?
function frepresents the number of layers of
(A) 26 paper that results when the original sheet of

(B) 210 paper is folded a total of x times, then which

(C) 214 equation could represent this function?
(D) 232 f(x) = 2x
(A)

Culture number of fast-food

the
5. The yearly growth in

Colonies
restaurants in a certain retail chain can be

in modeled by the function f(n) = 5 + 8n.

of Present According to this model which statement is

true?

NumbeBracteria (A) 8 is the

is
initial number of restaurants; 5
the number of restaurants added each
year after the first year.
(B) 5 is the starting number of restaurants; 8
pH is the number of restaurants added each

year after the first year.

The accompanying graph illustrates
the
3.
(C) The retail chain opened with 13
presence of a certain strain of bacteria at restaurants.
various pH levels. Between which two pH of the graph of function
of The -intercept
values is the rate at which the number (D)
retail
of bacteria increasing at the lowest f shows the year in which the
colonies
chain made a zero profit.
rate.

(A) 5 to 6 C= 60 + 0.05d

(B) 6 to the total

6. The equation above represents
(C) 7101
monthly cost, C, in dollars of a data plan
(D) 8 10.9
offered by a cell phone company when the
a month exceeds a gigabyte
data usage in
to the
megabytes. According
limit by d

model, what is the meaning of 0.05?

used
(A) The cost per megabyte of data
of data used
(B) The cost per gigabyte
data after one
(C) The cost per megabyte of
is used
gigabyte of data
of
(D) The cost of each
additional gigabyte
megabyte of data is
data after the first
used

240 SAT MATH WORKBOOK

 repair
above represents a jogger's
speed 9.
The owner ofa smallcomputer
whois paid an
P. The graph
during her 20-minute
around
jog her business has oneemployee,
owner estimates
best hourly rate of $22. The
neighborhood. Which statement his weekly profit using
the function
was doing during
describes what the jogger of her jog?
a
this function,
Po) =: 8,600 - 22x. In
interval
the 9 w 12 minute represents the number
of

( She was
standing still. W) computers repaired
per week.
her speed, worked per week
i8 she was increasing (B) employee's hours

10 She was decreasingher

speed. per week.
(C) customers served
constant rate.
at a worked per week.
(D) She was
jogging (D) days
chemical

represents the rith term of the sequence 10. The breakdown of a samplebyofthea function
if a,
and a, represents
the first term, compound isrepresented
where p(m represents
the
54. 18.6 pin) = 300(0.5)", that
of the substance
then a, = number of milligramsn years. Which of the
the end of
remains at
following is true? milligrams
the number of
1. 300 represents remains after the
(B)
of the substance that
first year.
fraction ofthe starting
1. 0.5 represents the the gets
amount by which substance year.
reduced bythe end of each reducedby
In Eachyearthesubstance gets
ane-half of 300.

(A) Tonly
(B) II
only
only
I and IlI
(C) only
(I and III
(D)

241
ANALYSIS
DATA
AND
ALEM SOLVING
 14, Miriam and Jessica are growing bacterta in a
11. Some banks charge a fee on savings
that are left inactive for an
laboratory. Miriam uses the growthfunction
accounts
12 t0 model her experiment while
extended period of time. The equation
y - 5,000(0.98)* represents the value, y, of lessica uses the function 300-(2) to

one account that was left inactive for: In each case, n

model her experiment,
period of x years. What is the y-intercept of represents the initial number of bacteria,
this equation and what does it represent? and t is the time, in hours. If Miriam stars

(A) 0.98, the percent of money in the with 16 bacteria, how many bacteria should

account initially lessica start with to achieve the same growth

of money in the over time?
(B) 0.98, the percent
account after x years (A) 32
the
(C) 5,000, the amount of money in (B) 16
account Initially (C) 8
(D) 5,000, the amount of money in the (D) 4
account after x years

15. The number of square units, A, in the area

loses its
12. Chris plans to purchase a car thar covered by a bacteria culture is increasing at
If the initial
value at a rate of 14% per year. d rate of 20% every days. If the bacteria
cost of the car is $27,000, which of the culture initially covers an area of 10 square

following equations should Chris use 1o centimeters, which equation used to

can be

the car after 4 find the number of square units in the area
determine the value, V, ol
bacteria culture after d days?
years? covered by the

(A) //= 27,000(1.14)" (A) A 10(1.20)7

(B) v= 27,000(0.14)" (B) A= 10(1.20)74
(C) V = 27,000 (0.86)" (C) A = 10(0.80)7
(D) V= 27,000 (0.86 x 4) (D) A (12)7d

years at
13. Vanessa
plans to invest $10,000 for
n annual interest rate of 6% compounded
annually. Which equation could be used
to

earns from
determine the profit, P, Vanessa
investment?
her initial

(1.06)5
(A) P= 10,000 x
(B) P = 10,000 x
1(1.06)5 - 11
1(1.06)5 1]
(C) P= 10,000 x
(D) P= 10,000 x
15(1.06) -11

WoRKBOOK
 Health Club Fees
18.
The City Tunnel and Bridge Authority in a
ClubA certain city estimates that 40,000 vehicles
currently travelover a certain bridge per
year but, due to highway
construction and
"ClubB changing traffic patterns, vehicle traffic over
the bridge will begin to decline by 12% every
5 years, Which of the following expressions
best
represents the vehicle traffic projections
for this bridge
n years from now?

(A) 40.000(0.12)3
10 12
(B) 40.000(0.88) 5n
Month
(C) 40,000(0.12)571

Two health clubs different membership

offer (D) 40,000(0.88)3
16.
plans. The accompanying graph represents
the total yearly cost of belonging to Club A
19.
Which of the accompanying tables show
how population is changing over time and
and Club B for one year. The yearly cost
illustrates exponential decay?
includes a membership fee plus a fixed
what amount does
monthly charge. By Time Time

the monthly charge for Club ^ exceed the (months) Population (months) Population

monthly charge for Club B? 10,000 10,000

6 7,000 5,000
(A) $5.00
12 4,000 12 2,500
(B) $7.50
18 1,000 18 1,250
(C) $10.00

(D) $12.50 Table I Table II

Time Time

(months) Population
9.0
(months) Population
0.5
10,000
10,000
8.75
15,000
6 20,000
1.5 8.5
12 20,000
12 40,000
8.25
18 25,000
18 80,000
2.5 8.0
Table IV

the table above, which

17. Based on the data in
of (A) Table I
statement is true about the rate of change
(B) Table
y with respect to x?
(C) Table III
(D) Table IV
(A) It is constant and equal to

(B) It is constant and equal to 2.

(C) It is constant and equal to

(D) It is not constant.

243
PROBLEM SOLVING AND DATA ANALYSIS
20. A radioactive substance has an initial mass
of 100 grams, and its
mass is reduced by 40%
every 5 years.Which equation couldmass,
be used
to find the number of grams in the y,

that remains after r years?

(A) y= 100(0.4)5*
(B) y= 100(0.6) 5*
(C) y = 100(0.4)s
100(0.6)3

car holds a total of 16 Distance (miles)

21. The gas tank in a
travels 75 miles on Graph B
gallons of gas. The car at the
gallons of gas. If the gas tank is full
beginning of trip, which graph represents
of gas in
the rate of change in the amount
the tank?

(A) Graph A
(B) Graph B
(C) Graph C
(D) Graph D

Distance (miles)
Graph C

(suoju6)
yuer

(suoje6)
MULL
UI

SES
Distance (miles)

Graph A

8888
Distance (miles)
Graph D

244 SAT MATH WORKBOOK

 D- 71410.23)"
The equationmodel
represons, 23.
A motorboat is purchased for $13.600 and is
22.
population for city in which the
the past expected to depreciate at a constant yearly
rate, At
the end of 12 years, the value of the
the population, in
motorboat will be $17,800. Which of the
thousands, decades after 2010.An
d
following iS the best estimate of the value of
equationthat predictsthe population P for
the motorboat at the end
of 7 years?
the samecity y yearsafter 2010is best
representedby whichofthefollowing
(A) $23,950

(B) $25,800
equations? (C) $28.550

(A) P=
71.4(0.7500)10y (D) $32,850
(B) P=
714(0.8500)
(C) P=714(0.9716)'
(D) P= 714(0.9750)'

Grid-In
1. Jacob begins painting at 12:00 noon. At 4. A certain drug raises a patient's heart rate, h,

12:30 P.M.
he estimates that 13 gallons of in beats per minute, according to the

and at 3:30 he estimates that equation h(x) 65 + 0.2.x, where x is the

paint are left,
4 gallons of paint remain. If the paint is number of milligrams of the drug in the
patient's bloodstream. After t hours, the level
being used at a constant rate, how many
drug in the patient's bloodstream
gallons of paint did Jacob have when he
of the
the
decreases exponentially according to
started the job?
equation x(() = 512(0.7)'. After 5 hours, what
of hours, H, needed to
2. The number is the number of beats per minute in
the

manufacture X computer monitors is given patient's heart rate, correct to the nearest
where k and q
by the function H = kX+ G, whole number?
are constants. If it takes 270 hours
to

monitors and 5. The breakdown of a sample of a chemical

manufacture 100 computer function
compound is represented by the
410 hours to manufacture 160 computer
monitors, how many minutes are required to p(t) = 300 where p(n) represents the
manufacture each additonal computer
number of milligrams of the substance, and
monitor?
( represents the time, in years.
of 100 bacteria, what will be the
3. Given a starting population represents the year 2015,
the
the formula b(t) = 100(2') can be used to first year in which the amount of

determine the number of bacteria, b, after substance remaining falls to less than
period is 15 5 milligrams?
t periods of time. If each time
will it take
minutes long, how many minutes 6. Sasha invested $1,200 in a savings
account at

for the population of bacteria to reach annual interest rate of 1.6% compounded
an
51,200?
annually. She
made no further deposits or
withdrawals. To the nearest dollar, how
much more money did she have in the
account after 3 years
than after 2 years?

245
PROBLEM SOLVING AND DATA ANALYSIS
 LESSON 4-6 TUNE-UP EXERCISES

Multiple-Choice
Minimum Age
SAT Math Scores at Cedar Lane High School Number of States
Requirement (years)
14

15 12

16 27
25% 710-800
610-700 17
10% 18 2
200-400

15% Questions 3 and 4 refer to the table above.

410-500

3. The table above shows the

510-600 minimum age

requirement for obtaining a driver's license,

In what percent of the states can a person
obtain a driver's license before the age of 162
above.
Questions 1 and 2 refer to the graph (A) 94%

(B) 47%
1. If there are 72 SAT Math scores between 510
(C) 38%
and 600, how many SAT Math scores are
(D) 19%
above 7001

random, what is the

(A) 40 4. If a state is chosen at
he minimum age for
(B) 48 probability that
In that state will
(C) 56 obtaining a driver's license
(D) 64 be at least 16?

If 20% of the students with SAT Math scores (A)

2.
25
from 610 to 700 received college
students with SAT
scholarships, how many (B) 25
610 to 700 received college
Math scores from
19
scholarships? (C)
50

(A) 12 31
(D)
50
(B) 18
(C) 30
(D) 48

250 SAT MATH WORKBOOK

crowithof Laptop Computers in u.s.Households Investment Portfolio Valued at $250,000

100 Health
stocks
90 11%
Municipal
bonds
80 Public
utilities
70 35%
Foreign

60
investments
50 cas Technology
stocks

40 23%

2010 2011 2012 2013

2014
Questions 7 and & refer to the graph above.
Year

above. The graph above shows how $250,000 is invested.

Questions 5 and 6 refer
to the graph

showsthe number of U.S. house- is invested in municipal

The graph above 7. How much money

with laptopcomputers for the years 2010 to bonds?

holds
(A) $45,000
2014.
(B) $37,500

the percent ofincrease

in the

5. What was with laptops from

(C) $35,000
number of households (D) $30,000

2010 to 2014? in

8. After 20%
of the amount that is invested
health
(A) 40% technology stocks is reinvested in
is invested in
(B) 60% much money
stocks, how
(C) 120% health stocks?
(D) 150%
(A) $77,500
the
of increase in (B) $65,000
The greatest percent occurred
6.
households with laptops (C) 545,000
number of years? (D) $39,000
consecutive
in which two
(A) 2010
to 2011
to 2012
(B) 2011

(C) 2012
to 2013
to 2014
(D) 2013

251
AND DATA ANALYSIS
SOLVING
PROBLEM
 Number of Students Enrolled
in AdvancedMathematics Courses

700

600

500
500

400 5100
10 400

300 sequin
300
200
Number of cars purchased
100 Number of cars leased
2014 200 -
2011 2012 2013
2010
Year

to the graph above.

Questions 9 and 10 refer 100
2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015

Year
number of
The percent increase in the 12 refer to the graph above.
Questions 11 and
students enrolled in advanced mathematics
exceeded the was x
courses from 2010 to 2011 In 2012, the number of cars purchased
11.
from 2012 to 2013 by of cars leased. What
percent increase percent of the number
approximately what percent? iS the best
approximation for 1!

(A) 133 (A) 75

(B) 75
(B) 80
(C) 67 (C) 85

(D) 8 (D) 90

From 2014 to 2015

the number students
of of the following is the
best
10. courses 12. Which
mathematics in the
enrolled in advanced student approximation for the decrease between
percent that
increased by the same
mathematics
number of cars purchased per year
advanced and 2014?
enrollment in
2011

courses dropped
from 2013 to 2014. What
was
the approximate numberof students
courses
(A) 105
mathematics (B) 140
enrolled in advanced
(C) 300
in 2015?
(D) 420

(A) 420
(B) 440
(C) 450
(D) 480

SAT MATH WORKBOOK

252
 HEAD CIRCOMPEHENCE CHOWTIE SPETD
Growth of Iend

Age (in centimeters)

Height + 12
Pirat year

I to 3 years centimeter every 0 months

Rate 1 to 0 years centimeter every yeat

Hear 15, The table above con be med to

approximate
the circumference t the head, in

centimeters, doring the first 5 years after

birth. At 5 years of age, Incobhn head
Time (minutes) circumference was 01 cm. Bosed on the
and 14 refer to the graph above that table, what was his approximate height in
Questions 13 centimeters. at 1 years old?
shows the heart rate, in beats per minute. of jogger
during a 4-minute interval. (A) 138
(18) 145
of time, in minutes, was
13. Over what interval (C) 152
the joggers heart rate changing at a constant (D) 157

rate?

(A) 0 10
English Test Scores

S t u d e n ts
(19) 110 2
2 to 3

(D) 3104
i

3
I

Increase in the
The greatest percent
Number
of
14.
jogger's heart rate occurred over what 50-60 50-70 60-80 50-00 60-100
interval of time, in minutes?
Tost Scores
(A) 0 to 1
(B) to 2 16. The cumulative histogram above shows the
students
(C) 2 t0 3 distribution of scores that 24
student is
(D) 310 4 received on an English test. If a
selected at random, what is the probability
have a score between 71
that the student will
and 807

(A)

(B)

(C)

253
AND DATA ANALYSIS
PROBLEM SOLVING
 Voting frasen in Presioential Btestione. toy he
Tennte Team
Gender Senion Total
Male 14 11

10
19 21

17. The table

above shows the composition of
coed high school tennis team with a toral of
49 members. A player who will be selected af
random from the team will be given two free
tickets 1o allend the UL.S, Open Tennis
Tournament, What Is the probability that the 18. Voting rates In presidential elections from
tickets will be given to elther a female juntor 1990 to 2012 are modeled in the graph
above, Which statement
player or a male senior player? does not correcty
Interpret voting rates by age?

(A) For citizens 18 10 20 years of age, the

fate of change in voting rate was greates
between the years 2000 to 2004.
(B) From 2008 to 2012, the average Fate of
change was negative for each age group.
(©) About 70% of people 45 and older voted
in the 2004 election.

(D) The voting rates of eligible age groups

lies between 35 and 75 percent during

presidential elections every 4 years from

1996 t0 2012.

254 SAT MATH WORKBOOK