SURVEYING NOTES:
Problem 1. Three measurements were recorded as 278.32 m, 279.44 m, 277.86 m and given weights
of 2, 5, and 3, respectively. Determine the weighted mean.
A. 277.48 m C. 279.12 m
B. 278.74 m D. 278.98 m
278 .32 2 279 .44 5 277 .86 3
Weighted Mean =
253
Weighted Mean = 278.74 kph
Problem 2: A line was measured by a 20 m long tape. There are 2 tallies and 3 pins, and the distance
of the last pin to the end of the line is 5.74 m. Find the length of the line.
A. 465.74 m C. 389.50 m
B. 442.54 m D. 384.62 m
Note: 1 pin = 1 tape length
1 tally = 10 pins or 10 tape lengths
Length = 2( 10 )( 20 ) + 3( 20 ) + 5.74
Length = 465.74 m
Problem 3: Two hills 80 km. apart has top elevations of 50 m. and 106 m. at A and B respectively. Find
the height of the shortest tower that could be constructed at B so that it would be visible from A
considering the effect of curvature and refraction correction.
A. 64 m C. 80 m
B. 72 m D. 56 m
h1 = 0.067k12
50 = 0.067k12
k1 = 27.32 km
k2 = 80 – 27.32 = 52.68 km
h2 = 0.067k22
106 + x = 0.067( 52.68 )2
x = 80 m
Problem 4: A differential leveling was conducted from BM1 to BM2 20 km apart. BM1 is at elevation
142.26 m. The backsight distances averages 150 m in length and the foresight distances averages 100
m. The recorded elevation of BM2 was 247.05 m. If the level used is out of adjustment such that when
the bubble was centered the line of sight was inclined 0.0025 m upward in distance of 100 m. What
would be the corrected elevation of BM2?
A. 245.82 m C. 244.56 m
B. 246.95 m D. 242.34 m
y1 0.0025
e 150 100
y1 0.0025 y1 = 0.00375 m
100
0.0025 y2
100
BS 150 100 FS y2 = 0.0025 m
20,000
Number of set ups, n: n=
250
n = 80
Error in every set up, e: e = y1 - y2
e = 0.00375 - 0.0025
e = 0.00125 m
Total error = 80( 0.00125 )
Total error = 0.1 m
Since BSerror > FSerror, the elevation of BM2 is higher.
Corrected elevation of BM2 = 247.05 - 0.1
Corrected elevation of BM2 = 246.95 m
Problem 5: A 30 m tape is of standard length at a temperature of 20oC and is used to measure a line
with a measured distance of 618 m. During the time of measurement, the temperature was 38oC. The
coefficient of thermal expansion of the tape used is 11.7 x 10– 6 / oC. What is the
corrected length of the line?
A. 617.87 m C. 618.13 m
B. 617.54 m D. 618.46 m
CT = LT
CT = ( 11.7 x 10 – 6 ) ( 30 )( 38 – 20 )
CT = 0.006318 m
618
Total correction = 0.006318
30
Total correction = 0.13 m ( too long )
Corrected length = 618 + 0.13 = 618.13 m
Problem 6: Given a compound curve with a long chord equal to 142 m and makes angles of 16o and
20o respectively with the tangents. The common tangent is parallel to the long chord. Compute the
bigger radius of the 2 curves.
A. 184.14 m C. 196.42 m
B. 258.48 m D. 286.68
P.I.
T1 B T2
T1
T2
142 C
A
R2
AB 142 R1 BC 142
sin 10 o
sin 162 o sin 8o sin 162 o
O’
AB = 79.80 m BC = 63.95 m
AB / 2 BC / 2
sin 8o = sin 10o =
R1 R2
39.9 31.98
sin 8o = sin 10o =
R1 R2
O
R1 = 286.69 m R2 = 184.14 m
The smaller radius is 286.69 m.
Problem 7: A series of perpendicular offsets were taken from a straight line to a curve boundary line.
These offsets were taken 8 m apart and were taken in the following order: 2.4 m, 3.6 m, 1.8 m, 1.5 m,
and 3.8 m. Compute the area bounded by the straight line and the curve between the given offset
intervals using Simpson’s One Third Rule.
A. 65.44 m2 C. 80.53 m2
B. 76.38 m2 D. 90.76 m
2.4 3.6
1.8 1.5 3.8
8m 8m 8m 8m
d
A= h1 hn 2 hodd 4 heven
3
8
A= 2 .4 3 .8 2 1 .8 4 3 .6 1 .5
3
A = 80.53 m2
Problem 8: Two parallel tangents 6m apart are to be connected by a reversed curve with central angle
of 8o. The radius of the first curve is 280m and the P.C. is at station 12 + 120.40.
a. Find the radius of the second curve.
A. 325 m C. 368 m
B. 337 m D. 372 m
b. Find the stationing of the PT.
A. 12 + 206. C. 12 + 224.52
B. 12 + 186.45 D. 12 + 194.78
c. Find the chord length from PC to PT.
A. 92 m C. 86 m
B. 66 m D. 74 m
a. x = R1 – R1cosI = 280 – 280cos8o
x = 2.725
y = 6 – 2.725
y = 3.275
y = R2 – R2cosI
3.275 = R2( 1 – cos8o )
R2 = 337 m
b.
Sta. PT = Sta. PC + LC1 + LC2
Sta. PT = 12 + 120.40 + 280( 8 ) + 337( 8 )
180 180
Sta. PT = 12 + 206.55
C.
Chord length = L1 + L2
Chord length = 2( 280sin4o ) + 2( 337sin4o )
Chord length = 86.08 m
Problem 9: A 3 – degree simple curve has an external distance of 9.12 m. What is the central angle
using chord basis?
A. 24.80o C. 25.60o
B. 22.50o D. 26.20o
D 10
sin
2 R
3 10
sin
2 R
R = 382 m
I R
cos
2 RE
I 382
cos
2 382 9.12
I = 24.80o
Problem 10: Find the area of a piece of land with an irregular boundary as follows:
STATION OFFSET DISTANCE
0 + 000 6.25 m
0 + 010 4.12 m
0 + 020 3.32 m
0 + 030 3.98 m
0 + 040 5.04 m
The stations are on a straight line boundary. Use Trapezoidal Rule.
A. 150.56 m2 C. 164.82 m2
B. 182.18 m2 D. 170.65 m2
6.25
4.12 5.04
3.32 3.98
10 m 10 m 10 m 10 m
h h
A = L 1 n h2 h3 . . . hn1
2
6.25 5.04
A = 10 4.12 3.32 3.98
2
A =170.65 m2
Problem 11: A surveyor paced a 150 – m long line AB in order to determine his pace factor. He paced
it 5 times with the following data: 240, 238.5, 236, 237.5 and 241. He then paced a certain line CD 5
times with the following result: 354.5, 358, 353, 357.5 and 352. What is the length of the line CD?
A. 242.60 m C. 231.54 m
B. 252.45 m D. 223.30 m
240 238.5 236 237.5 241
Ave. no. of paces = = 238.6 paces
5
Length 150
Pace factor = = = 0.6287 m/pace
Ave. no. of paces 238 .6
For the length of CD:
354.5 358 353 357.5 352
Ave. no. of paces = = 355 paces
5
CD = ( no. of paces )( pace factor )
CD = 355( o.6287 )
CD = 223.19 m
Problem 12: Given the following notes from BM12 to BM14:
STATION BS FS ELEVATION
BM12 3.64 348.12
1 4.86 5.26
2 3.15 5.02
BM13 6.02 5.88
3 8.96 4.84
4 8.06 3.25
5 9.45 3.74
6 11.58 2.09
BM14 1.78
What is the elevation of BM14?
A. 365.95 C. 388.68
B. 371.98 D. 394.65
STATION BS FS ELEVATION
BM12 3.64 348.12
1 4.86 5.26 346.5
2 3.15 5.02 346.34
BM13 6.02 5.88 343.61
3 8.96 4.84 344.79
4 8.06 3.25 350.5
5 9.45 3.74 354.82
6 11.58 2.09 362.18
BM14 1.78 371.98
Therefore elev. BM14 = 371.98 m
Problems 13: The bearing of 2 lines AB and BC are N 30o W and N 20o E respectively. A 5 – degree
simple curve is to connect these 2 lines as tangents. Use arc basis.
a. Compute the length of the tangent.
A. 106.97 m C. 104.32 m
B. 112.48 m D. 118.44 m
b. Compute the length of the curve.
A. 180 m C. 220 m
B. 160 m D. 200 m
c. Compute the length of the long chord.
A. 178.54 m C. 184.64 m
B. 162.51 m D. 193.71 m
a.
11,45.916 I T
R tan
D 2 R
11,45.916 50 o T
R tan
5 2 229 .28
R = 229.18 m T = 106.97 m
b.
50 o
Lc = RI = 229.18 = 200 m
180
C.
I L/2
sin
2 R
I
L = 2Rsin
2
L = 2( 229.18 )sin25o
L = 193.71 m
Problem 14: A surveyor sets up a transit at P which is located in the middle portion of a 4–
sided land and reads directions and measures distances, as given below, to the 4 corners.
Line Bearing Distance
PA S 59o30’ W 582.06 m
PB N 42o12’ W 452.12 m
PC N 35o 10’ E 532.28 m
PD S 68o 52’ E 462.75 m
Find the area of the tract, in square meters.
A. 325,679.44 C. 286,741.88
B. 471,297.62 D. 429,667.22
APB = 180o – 59o30’ – 42o12’ = 78o18’
BPC = 42o12’ + 35o 10’ = 77o22’
APB = 180o – 35o10’ – 68o52’ = 75o58’
BPC = 59o30’ + 68o 52’ = 128o22’
A= 1 ( 582.06 )( 452.12 )sin78o18’ + 1 ( 532.20 )( 452.12 )sin77o22’
2 2
1 ( 532.20 )( 462.75 )sin75o58’ + 1 ( 582.06 )( 462.75 )sin128o22’
2 2
A = 471,297.62 m2
Problem 15: Given a triangular lot ABC with the following data:
SIDE BEARING DISTANCE
AB N 68o E 214.46 m
BC S 12o E ________
CA ______ 289.18 m
Find the area of the lot in hectares.
A. 3.45 hectares C. 3.12 hectares
B. 2.83 hectares D. 2.48 hectares
By sine law:
sin C sin 80o
214 .46 289 .18
C = 46.92o
214.46
68o
68o
80o
A 12o
289.28
C
A = 180o – 80o – 46.92o
A = 53.08o
1
A= 214.46 289.18 sin 53.08o
2
A = 24,790 m2
A = 2.48 hectares
Problem 16: A 30 – m tape is supported only at its ends and under a steady pull of 10 kg. If the tape
weighs 1.20 kg, determine the sag correction.
A. 0.014 m C. 0.016 m
B. 0.020 m D. 0.018 m
W2 L
Cs
24 p2
Cs
1.20 2 30
24 10
2
Cs = 0.018 m
Note: study correction due to slope and correction due to pull.
Study simple curve.
