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Mitosis

The document discusses the process of mitosis in cells. Mitosis involves the division of a cell into two identical daughter cells through four main phases: prophase, metaphase, anaphase and telophase. It provides details about the key events that occur in each phase of mitosis and how the process differs between animal and plant cells.

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Kimberly Dalag
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246 views2 pages

Mitosis

The document discusses the process of mitosis in cells. Mitosis involves the division of a cell into two identical daughter cells through four main phases: prophase, metaphase, anaphase and telophase. It provides details about the key events that occur in each phase of mitosis and how the process differs between animal and plant cells.

Uploaded by

Kimberly Dalag
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Mitosis  Microtubule migrate to

opposite poles of the cell


 Division of nucleus into 2 genetically
 Chromosomes are prepared to
identical nuclei containing the same full
line up at the center of the cell
set of DNA.
 Occurs in somatic cells, except the sex Metaphase
cells
 Prepares the cell for cytokinesis
 4 main phases: Prophase, Metaphase,
Anaphase, and Telophase
 This is how individuals grow body parts,
develop, repair damaged tissues,
replace dead cells and change at a
cellular level as they mature

Prophase
 Chromosomes at the center
• Meta means “after”
• Events that occur:
 The spindle fibers attached to the
kinetochore facilitates the movements
of chromosomes toward the middle of
the cell
 The chromosomes appear to line up
along a plate equidistant from a
microtubule region

 Start of Mitosis Anaphase

• Pro means “before”

• Events that occur:

 Chromatin condenses the DNA


into chromosomes.
 Chromosomes are packaged
into neat bundles for easier to
move around when the division
starts.
 The nuclear envelope breaks  Chromatids to Opposite Poles
down.  Ana means “up” or “back”
 The nucleolus also disappears  Sister chromatids are tightly paired due
 Mitotic spindle is formed to the centromere and protein cohesin
 Events that occur:
 Cohesin breaks down and the
sister chromatids separate from
each other.
 Sister chromatids pull away
from each other toward the
opposite poles/ends of the cell.

Telophase

• Entire cytoplasm divides into 2 cells

• Typically starts to occur in the late


anaphase or telophase

• Differs in animal and plant cell because


of some differences in cellular
structures

Animal cell

 Reformation of Nuclei  formation of cleavage furrow


 Telo means “end”  The daughter cells receive equal
 Events that occur: portions of the parent’s plasma content
 2 complete sets of identical
chromosomes are positioned to  Contractile ring- made of overlapping
each pole of the cell. actin and myosin filaments
 The small fragments and
protein molecules are scattered
in the cytoplasm to rebuild the Plant cell
nuclear membrane.
 the membrane cannot pinch off
 Nuclear membrane starts to
because of the cell wall
form and chromosomes begin
to uncoil  A cell plate forms midway between the
2 daughter cells nuclei

 New cellulose and other materials are


Cytokinesis
laid down for the formation of the cell
wall to the newly formed plant cell.

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