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INDUSTRIAL TRAINING REPORT

At

BUILDTECH INDIA
( BAZAR NO. 2, FIROZPUR )

A PROJECT REPORT
SUBMITTED IN PARTIAL FULFILMENT OF
THE REQUIREMENT FOR THE AWARD OF THE DEGREE OF

BACHELOR OF TECHNOLOGY IN
CIVIL ENGINEERING
BY

ASHISH KUMAR (1908208)

SUBMITTED TO

ER. GURPREET SINGH

( TPI OF CIVIL ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT )

DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING

SHAHEED BHAGAT SINGH STATE UNIVERSITY
FEROZEPUR, 152004 ( PUNJAB )

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ACKNOLEDGEMENT

I express my deep gratitude to Authorities of “Military Engineer

Services” for their valuable suggestions, help and guidance throughout the period
of training. I am also thankful to the other team members for their support and
guidance.
I am also thankful to site engineer MR. RAJINDER and contractor MR.
VIKRANT SALUJA who were there with their knowledge and help whenever I
felt need of anything.
I am also extremely thankful to DR. DAPINDER DEEP SINGH Head of
Department of Civil Engineering branch, Shaheed Bhagat Singh State University,
Firozpur, for his constant guidance and motivation.
I am also thankful to ER. GURPREET SINGH (Training and Placement
In-charge) for his trust and assigning the required permission.

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DECLARATION

I hereby confirm that, I Ashish Kumar student of B.Tech (Civil

Engineering) Roll no. 1908208 has undergone industrial training of 3 months
(January-March) in “BuildTech India Pvt Ltd” organization as per syllabus of
8th semester required for the award of degree of B.Tech (Civil Engineering) from
Shaheed Bhagat Singh State University (formerly known as SBS state technical
campus).

I also declare that this report is the result of my own effort andthat the same
has not been submitted to any other university, institution for the award of any
degree or diploma.

SIGNATURE

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TABLE OF CONTENT
Sr. no. Title Page no.
1. INTRODUCTION 9
2. PROJECT DETAIL 11
3. GEOGRAPHICAL LOCATION OF SITE 11
4. PLAN OF THE BUILDING 12
5. SITE VIEW 13
6. MATERIAL USED 14
6.1 CEMENT 14
6.2 AGGREGATE 14
6.3 WATER 15
6.4 STEEL 15
6.5 SAND 16
6.7 SOIL 16
6.8 BRICK 16
7. EQUIPMENT AND TOOLS USED 19
7.1 CONCRETE MIXER 19
7.2 HAND TAMPER 19
7.3 VIBRATOR 20
7.4 EXCAVATOR MACHINE 21
7.5 TROWEL 21
7.6 PLUMB BOB 22
7.7 MEASURING TAPE 22
7.8 HOE 22
7.9 HEAD PAN 23
7.10 CONCRETE PLANT 23
7.11 DUMPY LEVEL 24
7.12 TRACTOR 24
8. METHODOLOGY OF WORK 25
8.1 SITE PREPARATION OR LEVELING 25
8.2 SITE SURVEY AND LAYOUT 25
8.3 EXCAVATION 26
8.4 PCC LAYING 27
8.5 BAR BENDING 27
8.6 SHUTTERING 28
8.7 FOUNDATION 29
8.8 COLUMN 30
8.9 PLINTH BEAM 32
8.10 BACKFILLING 34
8.11 SUPERSTRUCTURE 34
8.12 MASONARY WORK 35
9. CONCLUSION 36

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INTRODUCTION

The Military Engineer Services (MES), which was raised in 1923, is one of the pillars
of Corps of Engineers of the Indian Army which provides rear line engineering support to the
Armed Forces.
It is one of largest construction and maintenance agencies in India. It has a large
number of units and sub units spread across the entire country to provide engineering support
to various formations of Army, Air Force, Navy, Ordinance Factories, KV Sangathan, Border
Road Organisation and DRDO. MES is a military organisation but has both Army and Civilian
component of officers and other subordinate staff. While execution of all construction works is
through contracts, execution of all maintenance services are both through contracts as well as
departmentally employed labour (DEL).
The role of MES is dual i.e. to render both engineering advice and also to execute the
works .The Military Engineering Services are responsible for the design, construction and
maintenance of all works, buildings, airfields, dock installations, etc. along with necessary
services such as military roads, bulk water and electricity supply, drainage, refrigeration and
furniture, required by the Army, Navy and Air Force in India.
The MES functions under the overall control of the Engineer-in-Chief, who is the
adviser to the Ministry of Defence and the three Services on operational and peace time
construction engineering MES is structured to design works which are executed through
contracts under the supervision of officers and staff consisting of both civilians and combatants
from the Corps of Engineers.
It has an integral multi-disciplinary team of architects, civil, electrical and mechanical
engineers, structural designers, quantity surveyors and contract specialists for planning,
designing and supervision of works.

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MES (Military Engineer Services)

Formation 26 September 1923

Type Government Organization

Location New Delhi

Region India

Director General Abhay Bhatnagar, IDSE

Engineer-in-chief Lt Gen. Arvind Walia

Website mes.gov.in

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PROJECT DETAIL
NAME OF THE PROJECT ARMY GOODS STORAGE SHEADS

LOCATION INSIDE ARMY SUPPLY DEPOT, NEAR

ARMY PUBLIC SCHOOL, FEROZEPUR
CANTT.
COST ESTIMATION 10.5 CRORES

TIME ESTIMATION 18-24 MONTHS

CONTRACTOR BUILDTECH INDIA

( MR. VIKRANK SALUJA )

GEOGRAPHICAL LOCATION OF SITE

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PLAN OF THE BUILDING

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SITE VIEW

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MATERIAL USED

CEMENT :-
The function of cement is to combine with water and to form cement paste. This paste
sets and binds the aggregates together into a stone like hard mass and thus provide strength &
durability. Brand of the cement used is Ambuja cement. Quantity used of the cement was in
ratio and was used in various proportions such as 1:4:6 or 1:1.5:3 or 1:6. Cement unloading
was done by labour and was kept under metallic roof protected from rain and direct sunlight.

AGGREGATE :-
Aggregates are small pieces of broken stones in-irregular size and shapes.

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TYPES OF AGGREGATES :
 Fine aggregates
 Coarse aggregates
Fine aggregates are small size filler materials in construction. Fine aggregates are the
particles that pass through 4.75 mm sieve and retain on 0.075 mm.
Sand, surki, stone screenings, burnt clays, cinders, fly ash, etc. are used as fine aggregate in
concrete. Fine aggregrates are used for casting mixed with sand.
Coarse aggregates are larger size filler materials in construction. coarse
aggregates are the particles that retain on 4.75 mm sieve. For PCC under column footing coarse
aggregate used was actually stone ballast which was about 30 to 50 in millimeters.
Brick chips (broken bricks), stone chips (broken stones), gravels, pebbles, clinkers,
cinders etc. are used as coarse aggregate in concrete.

WATER :-
It is an important ingredient of concrete because it combines with cement and forms a
bindingpaste. The paste thus formed fills up the voids of the sand and coarse aggregate bringing
theminto close adhesion.

STEEL :-
Though plain cement concrete has high compressive strength and its tensile strength is
relatively low. So it is reinforced by placing steel bars in the tensile zone of the concrete beam
so that the compressive stress is carried by concrete and tensile stress is carried by steel
reinforcing bars. Steel used was of different sizes such as 8mm, 10mm, 16mm and 20mm.
Steel was used in various prospects like in footing, in column binding and other parts
of building too.

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SAND :-

Sand is a must adding material in the concrete and mortar as it stops the quick binding
and drying of the cement paste. In other words it helps keeping the mix wet until few hours.

o These are of three types:

 Coarse sand
 Medium sand
 Fine sand

 Coarse sand:-
It is one which contains 90% of particles of size greater than 0.6 mmand less than 2
mm.
 Medium sand:-
It is one, which contains 90 & of particles of particles size greaterthan 0.2 mm and less
than 0.6 mm.
 Fine sand:-
It is one, which contains 90% of particles of size greater than 0.06mm and less than 0.2
mm.
Proper selection of sand is critical in the durability and performanceof concrete mixture.

SOIL :-
The soil excavated from the site is used for backfilling process after construction of
the columns and footings. For both processes excavator is used.

BRICK :-

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A brick is a type of construction material used to build walls, pavements and other
elements in masonry construction.
Bricks are laid in courses and numerous patterns known as bonds, collectively known
as brickwork, and may be laid in various kinds of mortar to hold the bricks together to make a
durable structure.

o Standard size of brick :- (19 x 9 x 9)cm

o Brick Bond :-

A systematic arrangement of a course of bricks in brick masonry, by which the

continuous vertical joints are formed, is called a Bond.

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The most commonly used types of bonds in brickmasonry

are:-

i. Stretcher bond :-

ii. Header bond:-

iii. English bond:-

iv. Flemish bond:-

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EQUIPMENT AND TOOLS USED

CONCRETE MIXER :-
This is a power mechanically operated machine which is used to mix the concrete.
It consist of a hollow cylindrical part with inner side wings. In which cement, sand,
aggregate and water are mixed properly.
Concrete mixer consists of a large barrel or drum with an open mouth on one
end, affixed to a rotating shaft with an engine to turn it. As the drum turns, the concrete inside
mixes together. When it’s ready, the barrel can be tilted to pour into a mold or wheelbarrow,
or the mixture can be shoveled out.

HAND TAMPER :-
Tampers are manually operated or power compaction tools. They increase the density
and levelness of soil, gravel, sand and other materials by applying force to the material’s
surface.This force can be delivered by hand or via a gas-burning engine.

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 Most tampers work by repeatedly striking the surface being compacted, flattening.
 Packing it down to increase density. A few work by rolling a heavy weight over the surface.

VIBRATOR :-
Concrete vibrators are used for construction based applications. They come in several
different shapes and sizes. It is used for concrete compaction mainly in constructing roads,
railways, and buildings. It consolidates freshly poured concrete to remove the trapped air and
excess water.
It is to settle the concrete firmly in the place of form-work.
This is done to do the proper consolidation of concrete and avoid product defects. These
vibrators are designed with the frequencies of vibration ranging from 2800 to 15000 rpm.

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EXCAVATOR MACHINE :-

The excavator machine i.e. JCB is used for excavating the soil . By using this machine,
the excavation can be done easily , it takes less time.

TROWEL :-

Trowel is used to lift and apply the cement mortar in small quantities. It is made of steel
and wooden handle is provided for holding. The ends of trowel may be pointed or bull nosed.

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PLUMB BOB :-

Plumb bob is used to check the verticality of structures. It contains a solid metal bob
connected to the end of a thread. It is also used inn surveying to level the instrument position.

MEASURING TAPE :-
Measuring tape is used to check the thickness, length, widths of masonry walls,
foundation beds, excavated trenches etc.

HOE :-
Hoe is also used to excavate the soil by hand but in this case the metal plate is provided
with acute angle to the wooden handle.

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HEAD PAN :-

Head pan is made of iron which is used to lift the excavated soil or cement or concrete to
the working site etc. it is more commonly used in construction sites.

CONCRETE PLANT :-

Concrete plant is the machine which is used to make concrete mix in excess amount.
The two tanks are loaded with sand and aggregate. Water is provided in bulk amount through
a pipeline provided from a storage. Cement is added at the head through motor mechanism.

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DUMPY LEVEL :-

Dumpy level is a surveying gadget which is used to check level of the ground at various
points at one or more stations. It has a lens, zooming scale, rotator and leveling bubble. It is
tightened on the tripod stand adjusted according the viewer’s height.

TRACTOR :-

A tractor is an engineering vehicle specifically designed to deliver a high tractive

efforts at slow speed for purpose of hauling a trailer or machinery such as that used in
agriculture, mining and construction.

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METHODOLOGY OF WORK
There are some methods for constructions step by step :-

o SITE PREPARATION OR LEVELING

o SITE SURVEY AND LAYOUT

o EXCAVATION

o PCC LYING

o BAR BINDING

o SHUTTERING

o FOUNDATION

o COLUMN

o PLINTH BEAM

o BACKFILLING

o SUPERSTRUCTURE

o MASONRY WORK

o THE LINTEL ABOVE DOORS AND WINDOWS

o DOORS AND WINDOW FRAMES

o PLASTER WORK AND FINISHING

SITE PREPARATION OR LEVELING :-

Before starting the work on-site, it should be adequately cleaned, including removing
grass, debris, and ground leveling.

SITE SURVEY AND LAYOUT :-

After cleaning the construction site, the next step is a site survey and layout. The layout
survey is the process of interpreting the building plan and marking the position of the proposed

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structure on the ground surface using survey equipment such as the total station so that
excavation for the foundation can be carried out. In survey basic leveling was done with the
help of Dumpy level. However, graph sheet and excel sheet was prepared with proper reading
by Height of the Instrument method.
During layout process, column marking was done by reference marking which was
marked on the basis of brick binding, kept at the distance of 3 meters away from the column
positioning.

EXCAVATION :-
After the layout process, Excavation was initiated for the setting up the foundation and
column. Ground excavated was 2m deep from the benchmark. Overall excavation was done by
the excavator however further to make the ground level equal, manually excavation was also
done with the help of hoe.

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PCC LAYING :-

Then a layer of PCC (plain cement concrete) was laid in the excavated pits and trenches.
The concrete ratio of PCC was 1:4:8. The aggregate used in PCC was actually stone ballast
which was in 40 to 50 in millimeters. Later column marking was marked on the thin layer of
mortar.

BAR BINDING :-

TMT steel bars of dimensions 8mm, 10mm, 12mm, 16mm and 20mm were used.
Stirrups or rings were made of 8mm. Folding of stirrups was at an angle of 135degrees and was
continued as per 2D and 4D whichever required.

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SHUTTERING :-

Shuttering is basically providing profile to the structure which says how our structure
will appear. For foundation shuttering was 12 inches high and was put in rectangular pattern
and for column. Metallic plates were screwed around the reinforcement. Shuttering is done at
various steps such as foundation, columns, beams, roof casting, etc.

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FOUNDATION :-

Foundation is the lowest artificially prepared part of the structure, which is in direct
contact with the ground and transmits the load of the superstructure to the ground.

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SCHEDULE OF FOOTINGS :-

Trapezoidal found was laid with proper reinforcement. Steel bars used in foundation
were of size 12mm.

Size of hall foundation: (2150 x 2150) mm

Size of verandah foundation: (1600 X 1600) mm
Later, Brick work was done up to bottom of the plinth level.

COLUMN :-

Column concrete ratio was 1:2:4. All work was combination of nominal mix and design
mix. All columns were constructed along with the foundation and were continued at regular
interval and each column was divided in two spans A and B.

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SCHEDULE OF COLUMN:-

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Dimension of hall columns: 350 X 350 mm

Dimension of verandah columns: 450 x 450 mm

Column construction was continued after backfilling process and plinth beam
construction.

PLINTH BEAM :-

Now bar binding and shuttering work for the plinth beam is completed. Then it is poured
with concrete.
A plinth beam is a component of the superstructure located between the ground level to
assist in transmitting the load of the structure to the foundation.

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SCHEDULE OF PLINTH BEAM:-

Size of plinth beam:

WIDTH :- 300mm DEPTH :- 450mm
Steel bar used :-

PB 1 :- 3 no. of 16 mm at bottom and 3 no. of 16mm at top.

PB 2 :- 2 no. of 16mm + 1 of 12mm at bottom and 3 no. of 12mm at top.

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BACKFILLING :-
It is the method of restoring or reusing soil removed during excavation. Backfilling
helps in strengthening the foundation and supporting it and other structural members.

SUPERSTRUCTURE :-

The structure above the plinth level is known as a superstructure. It consists of all parts
of building like walls, columns, beams and roof. Basically, Superstructure involves
construction of beams up to roof and completing load distribution.

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MASONRY WORK :-
After all the above discussed work, Masonry work is executed. Bricks used were of fly
ash and mortar of 1:6 was used in about 10 to 12mm and english bond is used.

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CONCLUSION

The main aim of studies within this project was to investigate how a structure is
constructed within its desired properties. We get knowledge about the basic & advanced
techniques of building construction as well assaw the challenges which a civil engineer have to
face during construction. i.e. labour problems, cost management, environmental challenges etc.
We cleared our many doubts regarding building construction. We have been Studied
some mechanic or electro-mechanic machinery. Overall it must be said that the construction
methods and quality control on a construction.
Project needs a very good coordination and large quantities of man power, equipment
and funds. During the period of Three months allthe company staff helped us a lot to provide
all the information about any query. So we are grateful to all the staff of BuildTech India

Pvt. Ltd. as well as we are so thankful to the workers and labourers.

Building Construction is a significant, lifelong investment. As a result, the real estate
industry is one of the prime investments ever made.
The experiences I gained through this training program will be a strong foundation to
my career as an engineer. I hope that the university would continue to conduct such
opportunities for us even more

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