Introduction

Samagra Sikshan Evam Vikas Sansthan (SSEVS), Bettia, is a non-profit organization dedicated
to empowering economically weaker communities by addressing critical areas such as education,
livelihood, health, and agriculture. SSEVS aims to create sustainable development and improve
the quality of life for its beneficiaries. Recognizing the pivotal role that well-trained staff play in
achieving these goals, SSEVS requested a training needs assessment to identify and address the
specific training requirements of its employees.

We are a voluntary, non-profit, registered organization with a vision to aid in the restoration of
lost dignity, livelihood, equality, justice, and peace for downtrodden communities. The
organization has its central office in Bettiah.

We have supported governmental programs dealing with child labor, routine immunization, the
pulse polio program, etc. The emphasis of our work is on awareness generation in terms of health
education, rights and duties of the people, poverty alleviation, social issues, and dissemination of
schemes and programs related to the development and welfare of the general masses. To
generate understanding about these programs, our team of volunteers organizes health camps,
rallies, wall writing, group meetings, awareness generation camps, and other activities of mass
mobilization. At the individual level, we also organize counseling services for the restoration of
self-esteem, personal dignity, and confidence of persons with disabilities and unemployed youth.

Background of SSEVS: A grassroot organization

Samagra Sikshan Evam Vikas Sansthan (SSEVS) has its roots in safeguarding children and
promoting education, sustainable livelihoods for marginal farmers with market linkage, disaster
risk reduction (DRR) and climate change adaptation, digital literacy, youth girls' leadership
development, and empowerment for Dalits, minority castes, women, and persons with
disabilities in the North Bihar Region – West Champaran, East Champaran, Sitamarhi, Saran,
Nalanda, Gaya, and Arwal districts.

The area has a rich history of struggle – this was where Gandhiji led the movement against
Indigo farming, and the region also witnessed the Bhoodan movement of the 1950s. However,
land alienation and its attendant poverty remain significant problems. SSEVS also builds the
capacity of people affected by floods, droughts, and other disasters to mitigate risks and losses.
The organization works in 216 villages covering 32 blocks of West Champaran, East
Champaran, Sitamarhi, Muzaffarpur, Darbhanga, Vaishali, and Madhubani districts of Bihar.

SSEVS now operates under a 9-member executive board, which includes 2 Muslims, 1 tribal,
and 1 Dalit who are committed and dedicated to the cause of development and believe in non-
violence values and principles. SSEVS is working with a total strength of 24 staff members, of
which 5 are females and 19 are males.

Development Access/Reach of the Organization

 Villages: 307
  Panchayats: 105
 Blocks: 62
 Districts: 6 (Saran, East Champaran, Samastipur, Muzaffarpur, Sitamarhi, and West
Champaran)
 State: Bihar

This report presents a detailed analysis of the training needs assessment conducted on June 21,
2024. It includes an introduction to the organization, the rationale behind the training needs
assessment, the methodology used for the assessment, key findings, detailed recommendations,
and a conclusion with actionable next steps.

Rationale for Training Need Assessment

Employees working in non-profit organizations in India require a specific set of skills and
competencies to succeed in their roles. Research indicates that relevant skills include project and
program management, fundraising, and impact measurement, along with competencies such as
innovation, problem-solving, collaboration, and horizontal leadership . A competency framework
developed for non-profit organizations in India emphasizes the importance of these skills in
enhancing organizational effectiveness and impact . Additionally, leadership competencies such
as passion, advocacy, community support, strategic focus, trust, delegation, and continuous
learning are essential for employees to navigate internal and external challenges successfully .
By acquiring and strengthening these skills and competencies, employees in Indian non-profit
organizations can significantly contribute to achieving their organizational missions and goals .

A systematic training needs assessment helps to identify specific skills and knowledge gaps,
optimize resource utilization, align training with organizational goals, enhance staff
performance, adapt to technological advancements, and ensure compliance and regulatory
adherence. Conducting training needs assessments can help non-profits address capacity gaps
such as weak financial management, inadequate leadership competencies, and limited use of
technology, thereby boosting operational efficiency and impact. Training on financial
management and reporting can enhance accountability, while building data analytics capabilities
and technology integration skills can help organizations stay competitive and innovative. Regular
training needs assessments enable non-profit organizations to strategically invest in human
capital, thereby strengthening their ability to fulfill their mission and serve their communities
more effectively.

Methodology

The training needs assessment for Samagra Sikshan Evam Vikas Sansthan (SSEVS) was
conducted using a qualitative research approach, involving 19 staff members in a 3-hour
consultation session. The methodology was systematic and participatory to ensure
comprehensive coverage and accuracy, comprising the following steps:

1. Staff Segmentation: The 19 staff members participating in the assessment were divided
into smaller groups of four to facilitate focused discussions. This segmentation was based
 on their roles and responsibilities within the organization, ensuring that each group had a
mix of district and block-level employees.
2. Group Discussions: Each group engaged in detailed discussions to identify the training
needs specific to their roles. This collaborative approach enabled the staff to share their
experiences, challenges, and insights, leading to a more nuanced understanding of their
training requirements.
3. Prioritization of Needs: After identifying the training needs, each group prioritized them
based on relevance, urgency, and potential impact on their work. This prioritization was
crucial for developing a focused training strategy that addresses the most pressing needs
first.
4. Data Compilation: The prioritized training needs from each group were compiled into a
consolidated list. This list was then reviewed and analyzed to identify common themes
and areas that require immediate attention.
5. Validation and Finalization: The compiled data was shared with the staff for validation
to ensure accuracy and completeness. Feedback from the staff was incorporated into the
final list of training needs.
6. Research Ethics: Throughout the assessment process, strict adherence to research ethics
was maintained. Participation was voluntary, and informed consent was obtained from all
staff members. Confidentiality of the participants' contributions was ensured, and their
identities were anonymized in the report. The staff members were informed about the
purpose of the assessment, and their right to withdraw at any time without any negative
consequences was respected. The findings were shared with all participants to ensure
transparency and to validate the accuracy of the compiled data.

This qualitative methodology, underpinned by ethical considerations, ensured that the training
needs assessment was thorough, reflective of the staff's actual requirements, and conducted with
respect for the participants' autonomy and confidentiality. This approach set the stage for
effective training interventions tailored to their specific contexts and challenges.

Findings

Financial Compliance

During the training needs assessment workshop, participants highlighted several critical areas of
financial compliance that need to be addressed to enhance their efficiency and adherence to
regulations. The following key points were identified through the workshop discussions:

1. FC4 Knowledge (Priority 1): Participants emphasized the importance of understanding

the requirements and procedures for filing FC4 forms, which are essential for compliance
with the Foreign Contribution Regulation Act (FCRA). They noted that comprehensive
knowledge in this area is crucial for meeting legal obligations and maintaining
transparency in handling foreign contributions.
2. FCRA Knowledge (Priority 1): Attendees stressed the need for comprehensive training
on FCRA regulations to ensure proper management of foreign contributions and
 adherence to legal requirements. This includes understanding the legal framework,
reporting standards, and necessary documentation processes.
3. Identification of GST and Non-GST Bills (Priority 2): The ability to distinguish
between GST and non-GST bills was identified as crucial for accurate financial reporting
and compliance with tax regulations. Staff pointed out the necessity of training to
accurately categorize expenses and avoid discrepancies in financial statements, ensuring
compliance with Goods and Services Tax (GST) laws.
4. IT Compliance (FCRA and Non-FCRA) (Priority 2): Knowledge on IT compliance
specific to both FCRA and non-FCRA funds, including filing requirements and best
practices, was highlighted as essential. Participants mentioned that this training would
help in managing and reporting financial data accurately, ensuring adherence to both
FCRA and general IT regulations.
5. Audit Preparation (Priority 5): Skills for preparing for internal and external audits were
deemed vital for ensuring thorough documentation and compliance with audit standards.
This includes understanding audit procedures, maintaining accurate records, and
preparing comprehensive reports that meet audit requirements.

Participants also discussed the broader implications of financial compliance:

 Importance of Financial Management and Reporting: Many non-profit organizations

struggle with maintaining robust financial controls, transparency, and disclosure
practices. Strong financial compliance and reporting are crucial for ensuring
accountability to donors, stakeholders, and regulatory bodies.
 Enhancing Organizational Effectiveness: Improving financial management and
reporting skills through training can enhance the organization's overall effectiveness and
competitiveness in securing funding and resources. Effective financial management
contributes to better resource utilization and improved program outcomes.
 Compliance with Regulations: While the discussion did not specifically mention
FCRA, participants emphasized the need for non-profits to comply with relevant laws
and regulations governing their operations. Adhering to financial compliance
requirements, such as those under FCRA, is essential for maintaining legal standing and
continuing to receive foreign contributions.
 Avoiding Legal and Reputational Risks: Non-compliance with financial regulations
like FCRA can expose organizations to legal penalties and reputational damage,
undermining their ability to fulfill their mission and secure future funding. Ensuring
compliance helps mitigate these risks and builds trust with stakeholders.

While the discussions did not directly address FCRA compliance in depth, they underscored the
broader importance of robust financial management, transparency, and regulatory adherence for
non-profit organizations to operate effectively, maintain stakeholder trust, and ensure long-term
sustainability.

Serial Key Point Insight Priorit

Number y
1 FC4 Knowledge Understanding the requirements and procedures for 1
filing FC4 forms is essential for compliance with the
Foreign Contribution Regulation Act (FCRA).
 2 FCRA Knowledge Comprehensive training on FCRA regulations is critical 1
to ensure proper management of foreign contributions
and adherence to legal requirements.
3 Identification of GST Training on distinguishing between GST and non-GST 2
and Non-GST Bill bills is crucial for accurate financial reporting and
compliance with tax regulations.
4 IT Compliance Knowledge of IT compliance specific to FCRA and 2
(FCRA and Non- non-FCRA funds, including filing requirements and best
FCRA) practices, is essential.
5 Audit Preparation Skills to prepare for internal and external audits are vital 5
for ensuring thorough documentation and compliance
with audit standards.

Monitoring and Evaluation

Effective monitoring and evaluation (M&E) are essential for non-profit organizations to enhance
accountability, track progress, inform decision-making, demonstrate impact, and navigate budget
constraints. The training needs assessment workshop revealed several key areas where SSEVS
can strengthen its M&E capabilities to improve program delivery and organizational
effectiveness.

1. Data Collection Digitally - Mobile (Priority 1): Participants highlighted the need for
training on using mobile devices for digital data collection. This training is crucial for
enhancing the accuracy and efficiency of field data gathering, ensuring that real-time data
is collected seamlessly and can be readily analyzed.
2. Development of MIS Format (Priority 2): The development and management of
Management Information Systems (MIS) formats tailored to the organization’s needs
were identified as a priority. By creating customized MIS formats, SSEVS can improve
data tracking and reporting, leading to more effective monitoring of program activities
and outcomes.
3. Case Study Writing (Priority 3): Training on techniques for documenting and
presenting case studies was also deemed necessary. This skill is vital for showcasing the
impact of the organization’s programs, providing qualitative evidence of success, and
highlighting best practices that can be replicated or scaled.

Participants emphasized the importance of M&E in several key areas:

 Donor Accountability and Transparency: "M&E helps non-profits demonstrate the

impact and effectiveness of their programs to donors, ensuring accountability and
transparency in the use of funds. Robust M&E frameworks allow non-profits to report on
key performance indicators and track progress against donor requirements."
 Tracking Progress and Identifying Gaps: "Continuous M&E enables non-profits to
closely monitor the implementation of their programs, identify challenges, and make
timely adjustments. This helps track progress towards intended outcomes and ensure the
program is being delivered as planned."
  Informing Decision-Making: "M&E provides valuable data and insights that inform
strategic decision-making by non-profit leaders and managers. This helps optimize
resource allocation, refine program design, and enhance the overall effectiveness of the
organization."
 Demonstrating Impact: "Rigorous M&E allows non-profits to measure and document
the impact of their programs, which is crucial for securing future funding and scaling
successful interventions. Quantitative and qualitative data from M&E can be used to
showcase the organization's achievements and social impact."
 Navigating Budget Constraints: "M&E helps non-profits make data-driven decisions on
budget allocation, ensuring resources are directed towards the most effective and
impactful interventions. This is particularly important in the face of limited budgets, as
M&E can help non-profits maximize the value of their spending."

By embedding a culture of monitoring and evaluation, SSEVS can strengthen its accountability,
improve program delivery, demonstrate impact, and ultimately enhance its ability to serve its
target communities more effectively.

Serial Key Point Insight Priority

Number
1 Data Collection Training on using mobile devices for digital data 1
Digitally - Mobile collection enhances accuracy and efficiency in field
data gathering.
2 Development of MIS Developing and managing MIS formats tailored to the 2
Format organization’s needs improves data tracking and
reporting.
3 Case Study Writing Techniques for documenting and presenting case 3
studies highlight the impact of the organization’s
programs.

Soft Skills

Developing soft skills, particularly in report writing and basic computer literacy, is critical for
enhancing the effectiveness and operational efficiency of non-profit organizations. The training
needs assessment workshop identified key areas where staff at SSEVS can improve their soft
skills to better support the organization's mission and goals.

1. Report Writing - Activity, Monthly Report, Daily (Priority 4): Participants

emphasized the importance of training in writing clear and comprehensive reports on
daily activities, monthly progress, and specific projects. Strong report writing abilities
enable non-profit staff to document and share their work in a clear, comprehensive, and
impactful manner, which is crucial for donor accountability, program evaluation, and
securing future funding. "The ability to produce well-structured reports enhances our
capacity to communicate effectively with donors and stakeholders, showcasing our
progress and impact," noted one participant.
2. Computer Basic Knowledge - Word, Excel, PowerPoint, Email (Priority 5): Basic
computer skills training was highlighted as essential for ensuring proficiency in software
 tools used for administrative tasks and communication. Participants stressed the need for
proficiency in applications like Word, Excel, PowerPoint, and email communication to
manage administrative tasks efficiently, collaborate with stakeholders, and leverage
digital platforms for program delivery and outreach. "Proficiency in basic computer
applications allows us to streamline our work processes and improve our overall
productivity," stated another participant.

Participants also discussed the broader implications of developing these soft skills:

 Enhancing Organizational Effectiveness: "Developing soft skills like report writing

and computer literacy can significantly improve the overall effectiveness and
competitiveness of non-profit organizations. These skills enable staff to better track
progress, make data-driven decisions, and demonstrate the organization's impact to
donors and the community."
 Adaptability and Continuous Learning: "Non-profit leaders and staff must possess a
growth mindset and the ability to adapt to changing needs and technologies. Investing in
the continuous development of soft skills helps non-profit organizations stay agile and
responsive to the evolving demands of the sector."
 Donor Accountability and Transparency: "Strong report writing abilities enable us to
effectively communicate our activities, progress, and impact, which is crucial for donor
accountability and transparency in the use of funds."
 Operational Efficiency and Reach: "Leveraging technology and digital tools enhances
our operational efficiency and extends our reach. Basic computer literacy is essential for
managing administrative tasks and collaborating with stakeholders."

By prioritizing the development of these soft skills, non-profit organizations in India can
strengthen their internal capabilities, enhance their operational efficiency, and ultimately increase
their impact on the communities they serve.

Serial Key Point Insight Priority

Number
1 Report Writing - Activity, Skills for writing clear and comprehensive 4
Monthly Report, Daily reports on daily activities, monthly progress, and
specific projects.
2 Computer Basic Basic computer skills training to ensure 5
Knowledge - Word, Excel, proficiency in essential software tools used for
PowerPoint, Email administrative tasks and communication.

Domain-Specific Training
Effective domain-specific training is essential for enhancing the capacity of NGO workers to
address unique community challenges and achieve sustainable development outcomes. By
equipping staff with specialized knowledge in areas such as agriculture, child rights, government
welfare schemes, market linkages, and livestock management, organizations like SSEVS can
significantly improve the effectiveness and impact of their programs.

Agriculture Knowledge

Training on topics such as pesticides, seeds, fungicides, and organic farming practices is crucial
for improving agricultural productivity and sustainability. Equipping farmers and agricultural
workers with the latest technical knowledge helps them make informed decisions, increase crop
yields, and adopt eco-friendly farming methods. This training contributes to sustainable
agriculture and enhances the livelihoods of the farming community.

Child Rights

Training programs on child rights, protection, and welfare schemes are essential for empowering
communities, social workers, and government officials to safeguard the well-being of children.
Enhancing awareness and building capacities in this domain can lead to more effective
implementation of child-centric policies and programs. Such training ensures that children
receive the care and protection they deserve, promoting their overall development.

Government Welfare Schemes

Training on various government welfare schemes and how to access them can significantly
improve the reach and utilization of these programs among the target beneficiaries. Educating
NGO workers and community leaders on the eligibility criteria, application processes, and
grievance redressal mechanisms helps bridge the gap between schemes and the intended
recipients. This knowledge empowers community members to avail themselves of benefits,
thereby improving their socio-economic status.

Market Linkages

Domain-specific training on establishing market linkages between local producers and

consumers can empower small-scale farmers and artisans to access wider markets and improve
their livelihoods. Such training can cover topics like supply chain management, product
branding, and negotiation skills to enable producers to effectively connect with buyers and
distributors. Strengthening market linkages can enhance income generation and economic
stability for local producers.

Livestock Management

Training programs on livestock health, nutrition, breeding, and disease prevention can equip
farmers and animal husbandry workers with the necessary knowledge and skills to improve the
productivity and well-being of their livestock. This contributes to enhanced food security,
income generation, and sustainable rural development. Proper livestock management practices
ensure the health and productivity of animals, benefiting the broader community.

Overall, these domain-specific training initiatives can significantly strengthen the capacities of
NGO workers to address the unique challenges and needs of the communities they serve,
ultimately leading to more effective and sustainable development outcomes. While the findings
do not cover all potential domains, it is reasonable to assume that similar training programs
would be equally important in areas such as Panchayati Raj Institutions, gender, urban
governance, and Self-Help Group (SHG) functional management. By addressing these training
needs, SSEVS can enhance its staff's ability to deliver impactful programs and services, thereby
achieving its mission of empowering economically weaker communities more effectively.

Overall, these domain-specific training initiatives can significantly strengthen the capacities of
NGO workers to address the unique challenges and needs of the communities they serve,
ultimately leading to more effective and sustainable development outcomes. While the findings
do not cover all potential domains, it is reasonable to assume that similar training programs
would be equally important in areas such as Panchayati Raj Institutions, gender, urban
governance, and Self-Help Group (SHG) functional management.

By addressing these training needs, SSEVS can enhance its staff's ability to deliver impactful
programs and services, thereby achieving its mission of empowering economically weaker
communities more effectively.

Recommendation
Based on the findings from the training needs assessment, it is evident that investing in staff
capacity building across various domains is crucial for enhancing the effectiveness and impact of
SSEVS’s programs. The following recommendations outline the key areas where training is
needed and the steps to implement these training programs:

1. Compliance Training

1. Develop Comprehensive Modules: Create detailed training modules on FC4, FCRA,

GST, and IT compliance. These modules should include theoretical knowledge, practical
examples, and case studies to provide a holistic understanding of compliance
requirements.
2. Engage Expert Trainers: Hire trainers with expertise in non-profit compliance and
financial regulations. Their experience will offer valuable insights and practical advice,
making the training more effective and relevant.
3. Interactive Workshops: Conduct interactive workshops that encourage active
participation. Use real-life scenarios and role-playing exercises to enhance learning and
retention.
4. Continuous Learning: Implement a continuous learning approach with regular refresher
courses and updates on regulatory changes to keep the staff informed and compliant.
2. Monitoring and Evaluation Training

1. Digital Data Collection: Organize hands-on training sessions on using mobile devices
for data collection. Provide practical exercises and field simulations to ensure proficiency
in digital data gathering techniques.
2. MIS Development: Offer training on developing and managing MIS formats. Include
modules on data entry, management, and analysis to enable staff to effectively track and
report program data.
3. Case Study Writing: Conduct workshops on case study writing, focusing on structuring
narratives, highlighting key impacts, and using data to support findings. Provide
templates and examples to guide staff in writing compelling case studies.

3. Soft Skills Training

1. Report Writing: Provide workshops on various types of report writing, including

activity reports, monthly progress reports, and daily updates. Emphasize the importance
of clarity, coherence, and precision in report writing.
2. Computer Skills: Offer beginner to intermediate level computer training sessions
covering essential software tools such as Word, Excel, PowerPoint, and email. Use
practical exercises and real-life tasks to ensure staff can apply their skills effectively.

4. Domain-Specific Training

1. Agriculture Knowledge:
o Conduct training on pesticides, seeds, fungicides, and organic farming practices to
improve agricultural productivity and sustainability.
o Equip farmers and agricultural workers with the latest technical knowledge to make
informed decisions, increase crop yields, and adopt eco-friendly farming methods.

2. Child Rights:
o Develop training programs on child rights, protection, and welfare schemes to empower
communities, social workers, and government officials.
o Enhance awareness and build capacities to ensure children receive the care and
protection they deserve.

3. Government Welfare Schemes:

o Provide training on various government welfare schemes and how to access them to
improve the reach and utilization of these programs.
o Educate NGO workers and community leaders on eligibility criteria, application
processes, and grievance redressal mechanisms.

4. Market Linkages:
o Offer domain-specific training on establishing market linkages between local producers
and consumers to empower small-scale farmers and artisans.
o Cover topics like supply chain management, product branding, and negotiation skills to
enable effective connections with buyers and distributors.
 5. Livestock Management:
o Implement training programs on livestock health, nutrition, breeding, and disease
prevention to improve the productivity and well-being of livestock.
o Contribute to enhanced food security, income generation, and sustainable rural
development through proper livestock management practices.

Conclusion

Investing in these training programs will significantly enhance the capabilities of SSEVS staff,
enabling them to deliver more effective and impactful programs and services. Building staff
capacity in compliance, monitoring and evaluation, soft skills, and domain-specific knowledge is
essential for achieving the organization’s mission of empowering economically weaker
communities.

Next Steps

1. Develop Detailed Training Plans: Create comprehensive training plans for each
identified area, including objectives, content, schedules, and materials. Ensure that the
plans are tailored to the specific needs identified in the assessment.
2. Coordinate Logistics: Arrange training venues, dates, and necessary equipment. Ensure
that all logistical arrangements are in place for the smooth execution of the training
programs.
3. Conduct Training Sessions: Implement the training programs as per the schedules.
Ensure active participation from all staff members and provide opportunities for
interaction and hands-on practice.
4. Evaluate and Feedback: Conduct pre- and post-training assessments to evaluate the
effectiveness of the training. Collect feedback from participants to identify areas for
improvement and refine future training sessions.
5. Follow-Up and Support: Provide ongoing support and follow-up sessions to address any
challenges that staff may face while applying their new skills. Establish a mentorship or
peer support system to facilitate continuous learning and development.

By following these detailed recommendations and next steps, SSEVS can ensure that its staff are
well-equipped to meet the challenges of their roles and drive the organization’s mission forward
effectively.