8
Music, Arts, Physical Education, and
Health
HEALTH
Fourth Quarter
PREVENTION OF SUBSTANCE USE AND
ABUSE (CIGARETTE)
Gateway drugs such as cigarettes and alcohol are legal drugs that a non-drug user
might try, which can lead him/her to more dangerous drugs such as marijuana and shabu.
Since cigarettes and alcohol are readily available and generally accepted in our society,
many people use them for various purposes. Teenagers like you are especially vulnerable
because you are curious and risk-takers.
According to the study done by the National Youth Commission (NYC), 2 out of 5 Filipino
teenagers aged 13 to 15 years old smoke cigarettes (philstar.com, March 16, 2012).
Furthermore, in a study conducted by an anti-tobacco group in the year 2011, ten Filipinos
die every year of tobacco-related diseases (Philippine Daily Inquirer, Sept. 19, 2011). Health
experts explained that the continuous increase in cigarette use by Filipino teenagers is due
to its very cheap price. in 2012, many pro-health groups asked the government to increase
taxes of cigarette . The increase in taxes will likewise increase cigarette prices in the country.
This is called the ”Sin tax law” (R.A 10351), and according to Department of Health it saves
lives, promotes inclusiveness and is protective healthy policy reform.
SOURCE: Department of Education, Physical Education and Health 8, Learners Module. First Edition
http//:google.com http://doh.gov.ph
There are short-term effects of Cigarette smoking:
Source: https://teens.drugabuse.gov/what-happens-your-body-when-you-use-tobacco-and-nicotine
Smoking tobacco can cause:
● yellow-brown stains on your fingers, tongue and teeth
● increase your risk of tooth loss and bad breath
● make your skin saggy and give you early wrinkles
● hair loss and loss of shine. When nicotine from cigarette enters the body, it initially causes
the adrenal glands to release a hormone called adrenaline, which stimulates the body and
gives it a pleasurable “kick.” But the rush of adrenaline also causes the following:
- increase blood pressure
-faster breathing
-increase heart rate
These are chemicals found in tobacco smoke that can damage your body in many ways:
https://www.health.gov.au/health-topics/smoking-and-tobacco/about-smoking-and
Look at the pictures to know the Long-Term Effects of Smoking:
Source:https://sobeyspharmacy.com/health-information/health-articles/quit-smoking/long-termeffects-of-
smoking/
Most of us are aware that smoking causes lung problems such as cancer and emphysema.
However, maybe you didn’t know that smoking also has an impact on a whole range of
other health problems including:
The bad news doesn’t end there. Smokers also have to deal with some gender-based health
problems:
The
Dangers of Mainstream, Second hand and Third hand Smoke SOURCE: Department of
Education, Physical Education and Health 8, Learners Module. First Edition 2013 Cigarette
smoking does not only affects the health of the smokers ( active smokers), it also affects
others who are not smoking but smells the smoke (passive smokers). Read this and learn
more.
Tobacco is a tall, leafy plant, originally grown in South and Central America, but now
cultivated throughout the world. There are many species of tobacco but Nicotiana tabacum
or sometimes called common tobacco is preferred for producing present day cigarettes.
Tobacco use has been recorded as early as 600-900 C.E. as carved drawings on stones, were
discovered in Mexico. American Indians smoked it for special religious occasions and
medical purposes only. They never smoked cigar everyday. According to the World Health
Organization (WHO), tobacco smoking and chewing is the second leading cause of death
around the world. It is responsible for the death of one in ten adults worldwide
approximately reaching about 5 million deaths in a year. It is estimated that the death toll
will rise to 10 million each year by the year 2020. Each time a person puffs a cigarette or
chew tobacco, more than 4,000 chemicals comes into his/her contact. All of these chemicals
harm people in one way or another. In studies conducted, 43 of these chemicals are known
carcinogens. Carcinogens are substances which cause cancer. Nicotine, the addictive drug
found in tobacco products like cigarettes is a poisonous stimulant. A stimulant drug
increases the central nervous system (CNS) activity. The central nervous system controls all
body organs like the heart, lungs, brain, and processes like heart rate, blood pressure rate,
respiration rate, and more. Every time a cigarette is lit, smoke is emitted. There are three
smokes produced by cigarette smoking namely:
The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) classifies second-hand smoke as a Group A
Carcinogen. This means that cigarette smoke has substances known to cause cancer to
humans. Short exposures to second-hand smoke can also cause changes in a passive
smoker's blood, making blood platelets stickier, adding friction to the blood vessels causing
damages to its lining and thus causes an increase in heart rate and performance
http://www.epa.gov). Study the different Policies and laws below to know your rights and
responsibilities as Filipino.
POLICIES AND LAWS AGAINST CIGARETTE SMOKING:
Source: Department of Education, Physical Education and Health 8, Learners Module. First
Edition 2013
Republic Act No. 9211- The Tobacco Regulation Act of 2003 law governing tobacco
production, distribution and use
Chapter 2, Article 5, Section 24 of
Republic Act No. 8749 Philippine Clean Air Act of 1999)
Cigarette smoking does not only affect ourselves but also our family, environment,
community, and country. Let us analyze the implications of cigarette smoking on our family,
environment, community, and country. The next activity will make you realize how much
money does someone spending in cigarette smoking.
Alcohol is a prohibited substance. It is a colorless, bitter-tasting liquid substance that has
been consumed by humans since ancient times and is normally formed by fermentation.
Alcohol is believed to be the first chemical to influence a person's body and mind, according
to history.
History of Alcohol
Alcohol is a drug that is typically made by fermenting fruit juices, sugar, and cereal with the
help of yeast. There were parts of evidence that people were consuming alcoholic drinks
long before Christian civilization started. Some people believe that alcohol was invented by
the Arabs because the term alcohol is Arabic. According to history, the Romans and Greeks
were known for growing grapes that were used to manufacture alcoholic beverages. Aside
from grapes, there were other early sources of alcohol. Honey, palm tree juice, fruits,
cereals, and mare milk are some of the sources. The most active ingredient in beer, wine,
and hard liquor is alcohol. Gin, whiskey, brandy, and rum are examples of hard liquors. The
manufacture of beverages with alcohol continued in different parts of the World. In the
Philippines, it is manufactured in different places. The product is known in various names
according to the region or province of origin.
Alcoholic Beverages Manufactured in Various Parts of the Philippines
Alcohol is a depressant that causes the brain and other nervous system functions to
slow down. Drinking alcoholic drinks becomes the center of practices in the community and
society in the past and present, except for the problems caused by excessive drinking.
Alcoholic drinks become the main focus of culture and traditional activities.
This module will provide you with information and strategies about preventing and
controlling alcohol intake. You will also learn about the risks of drinking alcohol to oneself,
family, society, and nation. As the elder adviser, “Do not start, be responsible!”
Three Types of Alcohol
1. ISOPROPYL ALCOHOL – also known as isopropanol or rubbing alcohol – is widely used by
doctors, who rub the poisonous substance onto surfaces, materials, and human bodies to
cool and disinfect themselves.
2. METHYL ALCOHOL - also known as methanol or wood alcohol, this alcohol is commonly
used as a solvent in industry. It is used in products like paint removers and photocopier
developers. Methanol alcohol is also used to produce other chemicals by people with
experience and knowhow. This byproduct is used in a variety of industries, from the
manufacture of plastics to the manufacture of explosives.
3. ETHYL ALCOHOL - also known as ethanol and beverage alcohol, is a type of alcohol that is
mostly consumed by adults. Toxication and nervous system changes may occur if humans
consume this in an uncontrolled amount.
REASONS of ADOLESCENTS for Drinking Alcohol
1. It makes them more relaxed.
2. Alcohol develops self-confidence.
3. It helps in forgetting problems.
4. It stimulates their body and mind.
5. Alcohol removes shyness and fear, making interaction between people much easier.
6. It helps them to be more independent.
7. It helps in ignoring what other people say about them.
8. Alcoholic drinks develop the feeling of happiness.
9. It helps them to be less conscious about themselves.
10. Drinking is a normal activity in celebrating special occasions.
11. It helps in making the party livelier, merrier.
12. The advertisements about alcoholic beverages over the radio, on TV, and in publications
are very convincing and encouraging.
MISCONCEPTIONS IN DRINKING ALCOHOL
1. Alcohol is a stimulant.
2. Drinking alcoholic beverages is more acceptable to most parents than using prohibited
drugs.
3. It is a bad manner to refuse an offer of a glass of beer during a gathering/party.
4. Anybody can drink beer without any adverse effects in the body.
5. The more you drink alcoholic beverages, the kore you will gain friends.
6. It is a sign of masculinity to drink alcoholic beverages.
7. Most of those who drink alcoholic beverages are adults. Parents drink alcoholic beverages
so their children can also drink.
CLARIFYING TERMS: ALCOHOLIC – one who is fond of drinking alcoholic beverages.
ALCOHOLISM – a condition when a person heavily consumes alcohol consistently which
results to numerous body damages, and malfunctions.
INTOXICATION – physical and mental changes that the body is experiencing upon
consuming alcohol.
HANGOVER – physical effects that give discomfort to humans who consumed alcohol.
Effects of Alcohol Drinking
As alcohol reaches the bloodstream, it spreads across the body. The most significant effect
of alcohol intake is on a person's central nervous system (CNS). The central nervous system
(CNS) is in charge of one's mental processes, memory, speech, learning, and decision-
making. It also influences a person's perceptions, emotions, gestures, and breathing. Blood-
alcohol concentration (BAC), also known as alcohol level, is a percentage measure of the
amount of alcohol that reached the bloodstream at a particular time (BAL). A blood alcohol
concentration (BAC) of 0.05 percent means that there are five (5) parts of alcohol per
10,000 parts of blood in the body. A BAC around 0.3 to 0.5 percent will result in coma, brain
damage, and death.
IMPACT OF DRINKING ALCOHOL
I. FAMILY
a. Marital Stress - One of the most common reasons couples seek counseling is
because of alcohol abuse. Alcoholism is also associated with lower marital satisfaction and
is one of the leading causes of separation. When both partners have alcohol issues, they are
less likely to break up than when one partner drinks regularly and the other does not.
b. Parental Problems - Parents suffering from alcoholism can become impulsive and
unstable. If the condition worsens, their ability to parent suffers. Alcoholics have an
unexpectedly inconsistent relationship with children, sending mixed messages to them.
Mixed signals may, for example, increase the risk of underage drinking by making acceptable
alcohol use acceptable.
c. Family Finances - It is an expensive habit to drink alcoholic drinks. Alcohol use
consumes funds intended for basic family needs such as food, clothing, and school supplies
for children. When an alcoholic loses their work as a result of their disease, it can be
damaging to a family's budget. A family can be affected by even a temporary loss of income.
d. Child Development - Academic issues are more common in children whose parents
are alcoholics than in children whose parents are not alcoholics. Separation and parental
distress caused by family alcoholism can affect a child's mental functioning and contribute
to psychological problems. Adult children of alcoholics may be impulsive, have difficulty
establishing interpersonal relationships, or be dishonest in ways that are unnecessary.
II COMMUNITY
a. Absenteeism and decreased productivity at work
b. Lower quality of life. Alcohol intake is often linked to noise, abuse, aggressive.
conduct, vandalism, petty crime, and motor vehicle accidents, all of which can lower quality
of life for family members, customers, and others.
c. Excessive consumption of alcoholic drinks results in a lack of self-control, which
may lead to disagreements.
d. Crime - In adult or in young alcohol users, there is a connection between being
drunk and being a perpetrator or victim of crime (e.g., robbery).
POLICIES AND LAWS IN RELATED TO DRINKING ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES
A. SCHOOL
1. No one is permitted to carry alcoholic drinks into school premises.
2. No one is permitted to drink on the school grounds or within a 500-meter
area of the school.
3. No one is permitted to sell alcoholic beverages on campus.
4. No one is permitted to attend school while drunk.
B. COMMUNITY
1. Prohibitions or restrictions on the consumption of alcoholic beverages at
community gatherings or in public places (e.g., parks, or resorts/beaches),
which can also be considered as a restriction on admission.
2. The enforcement of laws banning minors from buying alcohol.
3. Conditional access permits for alcohol establishments, which have entrance
limits for those aged 21 and up.
4. Increases in price through excise taxes.
5. Controls on hours of sale.
6. Advertising restrictions on alcoholic beverages (especially on billboards,
sides of buses, and in other public areas)
7. Responsible media campaigns, media advocacy, and counter advertising.
STRATEGIES FOR THE PREVENTION AND CONTROL OF ALCOHOL BEVERAGE DRINKING
1. People must involve themselves into some useful activities such as leisure, sports,
animal raising, and past time work activities (cooking, gardening,
drawing/sketching. etc.)
2. Join any civic or religious organizations in your church and barangay.
3. Participate in programs and projects in your community.
4. Avoid peer pressure.
5. Read more about the effects of alcoholic drinks on the human body.
HEALTH 8
FOURTH QUARTER
NAME: __________________________________________ SCORE: __________
GRADE 8 & SECTION: _______________________________ DATE: ___________
IDENTIFICATION: Identify the following statements below. Choose the correct answer from
the box.
____________1. It refers specifically to the smoke that a smoker directly inhales.
____________2 It is the smoke that comes out of the lighted end of a cigarette or pipe and
more dangerous than mainstream smoke
____________3. Smoke left for a long time on sofa, beddings, pillow and other objects. It
settles along with dust and can last for months and still contains harmful chemicals and
carcinogens.
____________4. Sometimes called common tobacco, which is preferred for producing
present day cigarettes.
____________5. Chemical/ addictive drug found in tobacco products like cigarettes which is
a poisonous stimulant and narrows our veins and arteries. It can also damage our heart by
forcing it to work faster and harder, slow our blood and reduce oxygen to our feet and
hands. ____________6. It is the second leading cause of death around the world and
responsible for the death of one in ten adults worldwide approximately reaching about 5-10
million deaths in a year.
____________7. These are substances which cause cancer.
____________8. Nicotine makes your brain release this chemical that makes you feel good’,
feel happy, helps you to concentrate and gives you more energy
____________9. It is Republic Act No. 9211 also known as the law governing tobacco
production, distribution and use.
____________10. The Chapter 2, Article 5, Section 24 of Republic Act No. 8749 is also
known as___________.
HEALTH 8
FOURTH QUARTER
NAME: __________________________________________ SCORE: __________
GRADE 8 & SECTION: _______________________________ DATE: ___________
I. Multiple Choice: Direction: Carefully read and understand the questions and choose the
letter of the correct answer. Write your answer in a paper.
1. What type of alcohol used commonly as a solvent in industry?
A. Ethanol Alcohol C. Denatured Alcohol
B. Methanol Alcohol D. Isopropyl Alcohol
2. What is a chronic disease of the liver marked by degeneration of cells, inflammation, and
fibrous thickening of tissue? It is typically a result of alcoholism or hepatitis.
A. Brain damage B. Cirrhosis C. Cancer D. Pancreatitis
3. What is the colorless liquid substance which is usually produced by the fermentation?
A. Water B. Milk C. Alcohol D. Juice
4. What is the meaning of BAC?
A. Blood-alcohol concentration C. Blood-alcohol consumption
B. Bottle-alcohol concentration D. Bottle-alcohol content
5. _______ happens when physical and mental changes in the body of an alcohol drinker
occur.
A. Hangover B. Pass out C. Intoxication D. Over drinker
II. Matching Type: Direction: Match Column A with the correct answer on Column B and
write the letter and complete word of the answer in a sheet of paper.
ANSWER
