END TERM 1 EXAM 2022

EDEXCEL LOWER SECONDARY

YEAR 8
NOVEMBER 2022
DEPARTMENT: SCIENCE SUBJECT: PHYSICS
TIME: 2 HOURS
Instructions to candidates

1. Answer ALL the questions.

2. This paper consists of 11 PRINTED PAGES.
3. Candidates should check the paper and ascertain that all pages are printed as
indicated and that no question is missing.
4. Total Mark for this paper is 116
5. Use ball point pen to write. Use pencil on diagrams and constructions.
6. Any diagrams may NOT be accurately drawn, unless otherwise indicated.
7. You must show all your working out with your answer clearly identified at
the end of your solution.
8. Calculators may be used.

Name of Student:

For examiner’s use only

HAYL
1. Complete these sentences using words from the box. [8]
Bigger heated liquid mass move around smaller vibrate volume

When a ________________ or gas is heated, the particles _____________________ faster

and so need more space in which to move. When a solid is _________________ the particles

_______________________________ more and so the solid takes up more space.

Density is the mass of a certain ______________________ of a material. When a material is

heated its ______________________ does not change but the volume gets

_______________________. This makes the density __________________.

2. What property do solids and liquids share and why? [2]

a) Have fixed shapes because the particles in them vibrate about fixed positions
b) Are difficult to compress because the particles in them are very close together
c) Flow because the particles in them are different sizes
d) Fill the container they are in because the particles in them are held together by very
strong forces.

3. a) Describe one similarity between the properties of liquids and gases. [1]

_____________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________

b) Describe two differences. [2]

_____________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________

Page 2 of 11
4. Draw one line from each scientific term to its correct definition. [3]
Scientific term Definition
Expanding and contracting Materials changing size when heated or cooled
Brownian motion Liquids or gases mixing without anything moving them.
Diffusion Tiny specks in air or water jiggling around

5. The graph shows how the temperature changes as a pure substance is cooled and then heated
again.
a) Add the following labels to the graph. One has been done for you. [6]
B where the substance is boiling

How the temperature of a pure substance changes as it is cooled and heated.

Time in Minutes

B where the substance is boiling

S where it is condensing
M where it is freezing
L where it is a gas
G where it is a liquid
F where it is melting
C where it is a solid
Page 3 of 11
 b) What is the melting point of the substance? Draw a horizontal line across the graph to

help you to work out the answer. __________________________________ [2]

c) What is the boiling point of the substance? _____________________________ [1]

d) What is the freezing point of the substance? ____________________________ [1]

e) What is the maximum temperature of the substance? ____________________ [1]

f) What is the minimum temperature of the substance? ____________________ [1]

g) Explain why there is no such thing as an evaporation point. [2]

_________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________

h) What happens to a substance when it sublimes? [2]

i) The melting point of sulfur is 113°C and its boiling point is 445°C. What state would
sulfur be in at 200°C? [1]
A. Solid
B. Liquid
C. Gas

6. A bridge is build is built without expansion gaps. Explain what could happen to the bridge if
the temperature became; [4]
a) Much hotter than the day it was built ________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________

b) Much cooler than the day it was built ________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________

Page 4 of 11
7. The density aluminium is 2.7 g/cm3. You have a piece of aluminium with a volume of 50 cm3.
a) Write down the formula you need to use to calculate its mass. [1]

b) Work out its mass. [2]

Mass = _________________ g

c) Calculate the volume of 810 g of aluminium. [2]

Volume = ____________ unit _______

8. a) Explain why diffusion is a physical change. [2]

_____________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________

b) Name two other physical changes. [2]

i. _________________________________________________________________
ii. _________________________________________________________________

9. The behaviour of water near its freezing point does not follow the same pattern as other
substances. We say water shows anomalous behaviour.
a) Explain how the density of molten iron changes as it freezes. [2]
_______________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________

Page 5 of 11
 b) How does the density of water change when it freezes? [2]
_______________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________

c) How is this behaviour of water useful for wildlife? [2]

_______________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________

d) State one disadvantage of anomalous expansion of water. [1]

_______________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________

10. What is a fluid? [1]

____________________________________________________________________________

11. What causes pressure in fluids? [2]

_____________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________

12. Why do we notice the pressure of the air around us? [2]
_____________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________

13. a) What two forces affect you when you float? [2]
i. ______________________________________________________________
ii. ______________________________________________________________
b) how do these forces compare in size? [2]
_____________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________
Page 6 of 11
14. a) What is drug? [2]
____________________________________________________________________________

b) Part of the drag on an object is caused by friction.

i. How does friction change the object (apart from slowing it down)? [1]
_______________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________

ii. How is the friction part of the drag reduced? [2]

_______________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________

iii. Describe one way to reduce friction. [2]

_______________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________

15. A submarine is designed to go as fast as possible.

a) Describe three ways in which the drag can be kept small for a given speed. [3]
i. __________________________________________________________________
ii. __________________________________________________________________
iii. __________________________________________________________________

b) The submarine has tanks that can be filled with air or water. Explain why filling the
tanks with water makes the overall density of the submarine increase. [3]
_______________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________

Page 7 of 11
16. Draw one line from each scientific term to its correct definition. [4]
Scientific term Definition

Light source A material that does not let light through

Transparent A material that light can travel through without scattering

Shadow Something that produces light

Opaque A place that light cannot reach because something is blocking it

17. Explain why you can see an image of yourself in a mirror, but not if you look at a sheet of
paper. [1]
A. Paper has a smooth surface than a mirror.
B. Paper is opaque and a mirror is not.
C. Paper reflects light evenly but a mirror scatters it.
D. A mirror reflects light evenly but paper scatters it.

18. Write the correct scientific term next to each definition. [4]
___________________________________ to take in

___________________________________ to pass through a substance

___________________________________ to bounce off a substance

___________________________________ to send things off in different directions

19. In a thunderstorm, you see flash of lighting before you hear the thunder.
Give the reason why this happens. [2]
_____________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________

Page 8 of 11
20. Look at the diagram below.

Blue

a) State what happened to Blue light? [1]

________________________________________________________________
b) What happened to green and red light? [1]
________________________________________________________________
21. Light and sound both travel as waves.
Write down two differences between light waves and sound waves. [2]
i. ______________________________________________________________________
ii. ______________________________________________________________________

22. The diagram shows a light ray hitting the surface of a mirror.

a) Complete the diagram by adding the normal, the reflected ray, angle of incidence and the
angle of reflection. Label them. [4]

b) State the law of reflection. [1]

_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

Page 9 of 11
23. How big is the image in a plane mirror compared to the object being reflected? [1]

____________________________________________________________________________

24. This question is about refraction of light.

Complete these sentences by crossing out the incorrect words. [4]
Refraction happens when light travels from one opaque / transparent substance to another.
It occurs when light travels from air into glass because light travels more quickly / slowly in
glass or water than in air.
When a ray of light enters glass, it changes direction away from / towards the normal. When
it goes from glass to air, it bends away from / towards the normal.

25. Look at these diagrams.

___________________________ ___________________________ ___________________________

Label the diagrams using words and phrases from the box. [6]

Long sight light focused on retina light focused in front of retina

light focused behind retina normal vision short sight

Page 10 of 11
26. The diagram shows a human eye. Label all the parts with empty box. [7]

27. Invisible cloak is one of the latest technologies that is gaining popularity in movies and
security sector. This Invisibility is often considered to be the supreme form of camouflage, as
it does not reveal to the viewer any kind of vital signs, visual effects, or any frequencies of the
electromagnetic spectrum detectable to the human eye, instead making use of radio, infrared
or ultraviolet wavelengths.

28. How would you use invisibility cloak? [2]

_____________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________

29. Should anyone be allowed to have one? [2]

_____________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________
TOTAL MARK FOR THIS PAPER IS 116
THIS IS THE LAST PRINTED PAGE
Page 11 of 11