Cloud Computing

Unit I

Introduction

Cloud Computing provides us means of accessing the applications as utilities over the
Internet. It allows us to create, configure, and customize the applications online.

What is Cloud?

The term Cloud refers to a Network or Internet. In other words, we can say that Cloud is
something, which is present at remote location. Cloud can provide services over public and
private networks, i.e., WAN, LAN or VPN.
Applications such as e-mail, web conferencing, customer relationship management (CRM)
execute on cloud.
What is Cloud Computing?
Cloud Computing refers to manipulating, configuring, and accessing the hardware and
software resources remotely. It offers online data storage, infrastructure, and application.

Cloud computing offers platform independency, as the software is not required to be

installed locally on the PC. Hence, the Cloud Computing is making our business
applications mobile and collaborative.
The working models for cloud computing:

• Deployment Models
• Service Models
Deployment Models
Deployment models define the type of access to the cloud, i.e., how the cloud is
located? Cloud can have any of the four types of access: Public, Private, Hybrid, and
Community.

SJFGC, Mysuru Page 1

 Cloud Computing

Public Cloud:
➢ It allows systems and services to be easily accessible to general public.
➢ The IT giants such as Google, Amazon and Microsoft offer cloud services via
Internet.
➢ The Public Cloud Model is shown in the diagram below

Advantages of Public Cloud

1. Cost Effective
Since public cloud shares same resources with large number of customers it turns out
inexpensive.
2. Reliability
The public cloud employs large number of resources from different locations. If any of the
resources fails, public cloud can employ another one.
3. Flexibility
The public cloud can smoothly integrate with private cloud, which gives customers a
flexible approach.
4. Location Independence
Public cloud services are delivered through Internet, ensuring location independence.
5. Utility Style Costing
Public cloud is also based on pay-per-use model and resources are accessible whenever
customer needs them.
6. High Scalability
Cloud resources are made available on demand from a pool of resources, i.e., they can be
scaled up or down according the requirement.

Disadvantages of Public Cloud

1. Low Security
In public cloud model, data is hosted off-site and resources are shared publicly, therefore does not
ensure higher level of security.
2. Less Customizable
It is comparatively less customizable than private cloud.
Example: Amazon Elastic Compute Cloud, IBM Smart Cloud Enterprise

SJFGC, Mysuru Page 2

 Cloud Computing

Private Cloud
➢ Private Cloud allows systems and services to be accessible within an organization.
➢ The Private Cloud is operated only within a single organization.
➢ It is managed internally by the organization itself or by third-party.
➢ The private cloud model is shown in the diagram below.

Based on the location and management private cloud divided into

1. On-Premise Private Cloud: Data centre is physically located in the premises and
the software /services will run on it. Cloud will be owning the hardware like server,
router, switches and storage devices.
2. Outsourced Private Cloud: Data centre is owned by third party vendor and host
the software or application on it. It should bear the cost of hardware, maintenance of
hardware and infrastructure.

Advantages of Private Cloud

1. High Security and Privacy

Private cloud operations are not available to general public and resources are shared from
distinct pool of resources. Therefore, it ensures high security and privacy.
2. More Control
The private cloud has more control on its resources and hardware than public cloud because
it is accessed only within an organization.
3. Cost and Energy Efficiency
The private cloud resources are not as cost effective as resources in public clouds but they
offer more efficiency than public cloud resources.

SJFGC, Mysuru Page 3

 Cloud Computing

Disadvantages of Private Cloud

1. Restricted Area of Operation
The private cloud is only accessible locally and is very difficult to deploy globally.
2. High Priced
Purchasing new hardware in order to fulfill the demand is a costly transaction.
3. Limited Scalability
The private cloud can be scaled only within capacity of internal hosted resources.
4. Additional Skills
In order to maintain cloud deployment, organization requires skilled expertise.

Hybrid Cloud
➢ Hybrid Cloud is a mixture of public and private cloud.
➢ Non-critical activities are performed using public cloud while the critical activities are
performed using private cloud.
➢ The Hybrid Cloud Model is shown in the diagram below.

Advantages of Hybrid Cloud

1. Scalability
It offers features of both, the public cloud scalability and the private cloud scalability.
2. Flexibility
It offers secure resources and scalable public resources.
3. Cost Efficiency
Public clouds are more cost effective than private ones. Therefore, hybrid clouds can be cost
saving.
4. Security
The private cloud in hybrid cloud ensures higher degree of security.

SJFGC, Mysuru Page 4

 Cloud Computing

Disadvantages of Hybrid Cloud

1. Networking Issues
Networking becomes complex due to presence of private and public cloud.
2. Security Compliance
It is necessary to ensure that cloud services are compliant with security policies of the
organization.
3. Infrastructure Dependency
The hybrid cloud model is dependent on internal IT infrastructure; therefore it is necessary
to ensure redundancy across data centres.
Community Cloud

➢ It allows system and services to be accessible by group of organizations.

➢ It shares the infrastructure between several organizations from a specific community.
➢ It may be managed internally by organizations or by the third-party.
➢ The Community Cloud Model is shown in the diagram below.

Advantages of Community Cloud

1. Cost Effective
Community cloud offers same advantages as that of private cloud at low cost.
2. Sharing Among Organizations
Community cloud provides an infrastructure to share cloud resources and capabilities among
several organizations.
3. Security
The community cloud is comparatively more secure than the public cloud but less secured
than the private cloud.

Disadvantages of Community Cloud

Sharing responsible among organizations is difficult.
.

SJFGC, Mysuru Page 5

 Cloud Computing

Service Models
Cloud computing is based on service models. These are categorized into three basic service
models which are shown in the diagram:

1. Infrastructure-as-a-Service (IaaS)
➢ It is known as Hardware as a service.
➢ It is a computing infrastructure managed over the internet.
Main Use: It helps to users to avoid the cost and purchasing the physical servers.
Characteristics:
I. Resources are available as a service.
II. Automated administrative tasks.
Example: Aamzon Web Service (AWS), Google Compute Engine etc

IaaS provider provides the following services:

a) Compute: Computing as service include virtual central processing units and virtual
main memory for the virtual machine that is provisional to the end-users.
b) Storage: IaaS provider provides back end storage for storing files.
c) Network: It provides network components such as routers, switches and bridges for
the Virtual machines.
d) Load Balancers: It provides load balancing capability at the infrastructure layer.

Advantages of IaaS
1. Shared Infrastructure: It allows multiple users to share the same physical
infrastructure.
2. Web access to the resources: IaaS allows IT users to access resources over the
internet.
3. Pay-as-per use model: It provides services based on the pay-as-per-use basis. The
users are required to pay for what they have used.

SJFGC, Mysuru Page 6

 Cloud Computing

Disadvantages of IaaS
1. Security: Most of the IaaS providers are not able to provide 100% security.
2. Maintenance & Upgrade: They maintain the servers/softwares.

Platform as a Service (PaaS)

➢ It provides a runtime environment.
➢ It allows programmers to easily create, test, run and deploy the web application.
➢ PaaS providers provide the programming languages, application frameworks,
database and other tools .Developers use different programming languages like Java,
PHP, Ruby, Perl etc..

PaaS provider provides the following services:

a) Application Frameworks:
It is used for easily understanding the application development. The different
frameworks are Node JS, Drupal, Wordpress, Spring etc...
b) Database:
It provides various databases such as MongoDB, Postgre SQL,Clear DB.
c) Other Tools:
It provides various other tools that are required to develop, test and deploy the
applications.
Advantages:
1. Simplified Development: Developers to focus on development and innovation
without worrying about infrastructure management.
2. Lower Risk: No need for up-front investment in hardware and software.
3. Prebuilt Business Functionality: PaaS vendors also provide already defined
business functionality so that users can avoid building everything from scratch and
can directly start the projects only.
Disadvantages:
1. Vendor Lock-In: One has to write the applications according to the platform
provided by the PaaS vendors, so the migration of an application to another PaaS
vendor would be a problem.
2. Data Privacy: has to be maintained.
3. Integration with the rest of the system applications are complex.
Example: Windows Azure, Appfog

Software as a Service
➢ It is also known as “On Demand Software”.
➢ It is a software distribution model in which services are hosted by a cloud service
provider.
➢ End users do not need to install any software on their devices to access the services.
SaaS provider provides the following services:
a) Business Services: It provides the service like ERP[Enterprise Resource
Planning],CRM,billing and sales.

SJFGC, Mysuru Page 7

 Cloud Computing

b)Document Management: It is a software application by a third party service providers to

create manage track electronic documents.
Eg:Slack,Samepage
c) Social Network:
d) Mail Services: To handle the unpredictable number of users and load on email services,
many email providers offering their services.
Advantages:
1. SaaS is easy to buy: It is based on a monthly fee or annual fee subscription or free to
use.
2. One to many: One to money model means a single instance of the application is
shared by multiple users.
3. Less hardware required for SaaS: The software is hosted remotely, so organizations
do not need to invest in additional hardware.
4. Low maintenance required for SaaS: It removes the need for software installation,
set-up and the daily maintenance for the organizations.
5. Multidevice Support: SaaS services can be accessed from any device such as
desktops, laptops, tablets, phones etc...
6. API Integration: SaaS services easily integrate with other software or services
through standard API’s.
Disadvantages:
1. Latency Issue: Data and applications are stored in the cloud at a variable distance
from the end-user there is a possibility that there may be greater latency when
interacting with the application compared to local deployment.
2. Total dependency on Internet: Without on internet connection, most SaaS
applications are not usable.
Example: Google Apps

Differences between IaaS, PaaS and SaaS:

IaaS PaaS Saas

It provides a virtual data It provides virtual platforms It provides web software and
centre to store and tools to create, test and apps to complete the tasks
information. deploy apps.
It provides access to It provides runtime It provides software as a service
resources such as virtual environment and to the end-users.
machines, virtual storage deployment tools for
etc. application.
It is used by network It is used by developers. It is used by end-users.
architects.
It provides only It provides It provides
Infrastructure Infrastructure+Platform. Infrastructure+Platform+Software

SJFGC, Mysuru Page 8

 Cloud Computing

History of Cloud Computing:

The concept of Cloud Computing came into existence in the year 1950 with
implementation of mainframe computers, accessible via thin/static clients. Since then,
cloud computing has been evolved from static clients to dynamic ones and from software to
services. The following diagram explains the evolution of cloud computing:

Differences between

Characteristics Grid Computing Cloud Computing

Business Model Resources sharing between Resources deliver services
users for every users according to
their demands
Performance Low High
Scalibility Normal High(Resources are
consumed according to the
users demand)
Availability Low High
Transparency Low High
Time Taken Not real time Real time services.

Characteristics of Cloud Computing

The characteristics of cloud computing are:
1. On Demand Self Service
Cloud Computing allows the users to use web services and resources on demand. One
can logon to a website at any time and use them.
2. Broad Network Access

SJFGC, Mysuru Page 9

 Cloud Computing

Since cloud computing is completely web based, it can be accessed from anywhere
and at any time.
3. Resource Pooling
Cloud computing allows multiple tenants to share a pool of resources. One can share single
physical instance of hardware, database and basic infrastructure.
4. Rapid Elasticity
It is very easy to scale the resources vertically or horizontally at any time. Scaling of
resources means the ability of resources to deal with increasing or decreasing demand.
The resources being used by customers at any given point of time are automatically
monitored.
5. Measured Service
In this service cloud provider controls and monitors all the aspects of cloud service.
Resource optimization, billing, and capacity planning etc. depend on it.
Cloud Computing Architecture
Cloud Computing architecture comprises of many cloud components, which are loosely
coupled. We can broadly divide the cloud architecture into two parts:

• Front End
• Back End

Each of the ends is connected through a network, usually Internet. The following diagram
shows the graphical view of cloud computing architecture:

Front End
The front end refers to the client part of cloud computing system. It consists of
interfaces and applications that are required to access the cloud computing platforms,
Example - Web Browser.

Back End
The back End refers to the cloud itself. It consists of all the resources required to
provide cloud computing services. It comprises of huge data storage, virtual machines,
security mechanism, services, deployment models, servers, etc.

SJFGC, Mysuru Page 10

 Cloud Computing

Note
➢ It is the responsibility of the back end to provide built-in security mechanism, traffic
control and protocols.
➢ The server employs certain protocols known as middleware, which help the
connected devices to communicate with each other.

Challenges in Cloud Computing

1. Security and Privacy

➢ Security and privacy are the main challenge in cloud computing.

➢ These challenges can reduced by using security applications, encrypted file systems,
data loss software.

2. Interoperability

➢ The application on one platform should be able to incorporate services from the other
platform. This is known as Interoperability.
➢ It is becoming possible through web services, but to develop such web services is
complex.

3. Portability

➢ Application running on one cloud platform can be moved to new cloud platform and it
should operate correctly.
➢ The portability is not possible, because each of the cloud providers uses different
standard languages to their platform.

4. Service quality

➢ The Service levels Agreement [SAL’s] of the providers are not enough to guarantee
the availability and scalability.
➢ The Business declined to switch to the cloud without a strong quality service
agreement.

5. Computing Performance

➢ High network bandwidth is needed for data intensive applications on cloud, this result
in high cost.
➢ In Cloud Computing, low bandwidth does not meet the desired computing
performance.

6. Reliability

➢ Most of the businesses are developed on service provided by third party hence it is
mandatory for the cloud systems to be reliable and robust.

SJFGC, Mysuru Page 11

 Cloud Computing

7. Availability

➢ The services in the cloud computing should be available to the clients.

Cloud Computing Applications:

Cloud service providers provide various applications in the field of art, business, data
storage and backup services, education, entertainment, management, social networking, etc.

1. Art Applications
Cloud computing offers various art applications for quickly and easily
design attractive cards, booklets, and images. Some most commonly used cloud art
applications are given below:
a) Moo
Moo is one of the best cloud art applications. It is used for designing and
printing business cards, postcards, and mini cards.

b) Vistaprint
Vistaprint allows us to easily design various printed marketing products such
as business cards, Postcards, Booklets, and wedding invitations cards.

c) Adobe Creative Cloud

Adobe creative cloud is made for designers, artists, filmmakers, and other
creative professionals.

2. Business Applications
Business applications are based on cloud service providers.Every organization
requires the cloud business application to grow their business. It also ensures that business
applications are 24*7 available to users.

There are the following business applications of cloud computing

a) MailChimp

MailChimp is an email publishing platform which provides various options

to design, send, and save templates for emails.

b) Salesforce

Salesforce platform provides tools for sales, service, marketing, e-commerce, and
more. It also provides a cloud development platform.

c) Chatter
Chatter helps us to share important information about the organization in real time.

d)Paypal
Paypal offers the simplest and easiest online payment mode using a secure internet
account. Paypal accepts the payment through debit cards, credit cards, and also from Paypal
account holders.

3. Data Storage and Backup Applications

SJFGC, Mysuru Page 12

 Cloud Computing

Cloud computing allows us to store information (data, files, images, audios, and
videos) on the cloud and access this information using an internet connection. As the cloud
provider is responsible for providing security, so they offer various backup recovery
application for retrieving the lost data.

A list of data storage and backup applications in the cloud are given below -
a) Box.com
Box provides an online environment for secure content management,
workflow, and collaboration. It allows us to store different files such as Excel, Word, PDF,
and images on the cloud.
b) Mozy
Mozy provides powerful online backup solutions for our personal and business data.
It schedules automatically back up for each day at a specific time.
c) Google G Suite
Google G Suite is one of the best cloud storage and backup application. It includes
Google Calendar, Docs, Forms, Google+, Hangouts, as well as cloud storage and tools for
managing cloud apps. The most popular app in the Google G Suite is Gmail. Gmail offers
free email services to users.

4. Education Applications
It offers various online distance learning platforms and student information
portals to the students. It also offers strong virtual classroom environments.

There are the following education applications offered by the cloud -

a) Google Apps for Education
Google Apps for Education is the most widely used platform for free web-based
email, calendar, documents, and collaborative study.
b) Chromebooks for Education
It is designed for the purpose that it enhances education innovation.

5. Entertainment Applications
Entertainment industries use a multi-cloud strategy to interact with the target
audience. Cloud computing offers various entertainment applications such as online games
and video conferencing.

a) Online games:
It offers various online games that run remotely from the cloud. The best cloud
gaming services are Shaow, GeForce Now etc...

b)Video Conferencing Apps

It allows users to communicate with the business partners, friends, and relatives using
a cloud-based video conferencing...

6. Management Applications
Cloud computing offers various cloud management tools which help admins to
manage all types of cloud activities, such as resource deployment, data integration, and
disaster recovery. These management tools also provide administrative control over the
platforms, applications, and infrastructure.

SJFGC, Mysuru Page 13

 Cloud Computing

Some important management applications are -

a) Toggl
Toggl helps users to track allocated time period for a particular project.

b)Evernote
Evernote allows users to sync and save the recorded notes, typed notes, and other
notes in one convenient place. It is available for both free as well as a paid version.

c) Outright
Outright is used by management users for the purpose of accounts. It helps to track
income, expenses, profits, and losses in real-time environment.

7. Social Applications

Social cloud applications allow a large number of users to connect with each other
using social networking applications such as Facebook, Twitter, Linkedln, etc.

There are the following cloud based social applications -

a) Facebook
Facebook is a social networking website which allows active users to share files,
photos, videos, status, more to their friends, relatives, and business partners using the cloud
storage system.

b) Twitter
Twitter is a social networking site. It is a microblogging system. It allows users to
follow high profile celebrities, friends, relatives, and receive news.

c) LinkedIn
LinkedIn is a social network for students, freshers, and professionals.

Virtualization
Virtualization is a technology that has an ability to run multiple OS on a single physical
host.
➢ It is a process of creating a logical (virtual) version of a server operating system, a
storage device or network service.
➢ The technology works behind virtualization is known as Virtual Machine Monitor
[VMM] or Virtual Manager.

Concept Behind Virtualization

Creation of a virtual machine over existing operating system and hardware.
i. Host machine: The machine on which the virtual machine is created.
ii. Guest Machine: Virtual machine referred as guest machine.
iii. Hypervisor: It is a low-level program that acts as a Virtual Machine Manager.

SJFGC, Mysuru Page 14

 Cloud Computing

Types of virtualization:
1. Hardware Virtualization: When the virtual machine software is directly installed on
the hardware system is known as Hardware Virtualization.
➢ The main job of hypervisor is to control and monitoring the processor,
memory and the other hardware resources.
Usage:
➢ Hardware Virtualization is mainly done for the server platforms because
controlling virtual machines is much easier than controlling a physical server.
2. Operating System Virtualization: When the virtual machine software is installed on
the Host Operating System instead of directly on the hardware system is known as
Operating System Virtualization.
Usage:
➢ It is used for testing the applications on different platforms of OS.
3. Server Virtualization: When the virtual machine software is directly installed on the
server system is known as server virtualization.
Usage:
➢ It is done because a single physical server can be divided into multiple servers
on the demand basis for balancing the load.
4. Storage Virtualization: It is the process of grouping the physical storage from
multiple network storage devices so that it looks like a single storage device.
It is implemented by using software applications.
Usage:
➢ It is mainly done for backup and recovery purpose.

Benefits of Virtualization:
➢ More flexible and efficient allocation of resources.
➢ Enhance development productivity.
➢ It lowers the cost of IT infrastructure.
➢ Remote access and rapid scalability.
➢ High availability and disaster recovery.

Characteristics of Virtualization Environment:

1. Security Isolation:
➢ Shared environment relied on physical separation to enforce security.
➢ Access control mechanisms and encryption play are the key parts.
2. Resource Isolation:
➢ Virtualization environment used dedicated hardware to guarantee access to resources.
➢ Workloads should still be guaranteed minimum resource level.

3. Workload Efficiency:
➢ Virtualization usually introduces overhead
-Hypervisor overhead
-Virtualized Resource overhead

SJFGC, Mysuru Page 15

 Cloud Computing

-Operating System overhead

4. Availability
➢ An individual workload within the pool may not require high availability but the
combination of several workloads does.

5. Flexibility
➢ Virtualization should be automatic, dynamic and immediate enough to provide the
services.

6. Agility
➢ It is a measure of workload migration between physical servers and takes into
account.

Difference Between

Characteristics Cloud Computing Virtualization

Scalability Cloud can be extended as Virtual machine
much as you want. configuration limits is
scalability
Quick SetUp Setting up cloud is very Easy to setup virtual
tedious task. environment.
Flexibility It is very flexible for user Proper authentication is
to access cloud from any required before accessing the
location with internet. virtual machine.

Service Type IaaS SaaS

Dedicated Hardware Multiple hardware creates Dedicated hardware required
cloud computing. for multiple virtual machine.

Integration Cloud integration allows Virtual integration allows

adding future expansion of expansion of new machines
users, applications etc... within the same
infrastructure.
Accessibility It can be access from all Proper permissions are
over the world. required for accessing
outside the network.

Virtualization Architecture
➢ Virtualization is a layer between the hardware and the operating system and it also
provides access transparency.
➢ The hypervisors also known as the Virtual Machine Monitor (VMM),
manages the applications and the operating system.
➢ It creates path for running the multiple OS to run on the host machine.

SJFGC, Mysuru Page 16

 Cloud Computing

➢ Hypervisors plays an important role in the virtualization which provides support for
running multiple operating systems concurrently in virtual servers created within a
physical server.
➢ It allows for creating virtual machine, managing and allocating resources to them.
Eg: VmWare, Xen etc...

Types of Hypervisors
Type 1: Native or Bare Metal Hypervisor
➢ Type 1Hypervisor runs directly on underlying host system.
➢ It does not require any base server operating system.
➢ It has direct access to hardware resources.
Examples: VMware ESXi, Citrix XenServer and Microsoft Hyper-V hypervisor.

SJFGC, Mysuru Page 17

 Cloud Computing

Type 2: Hosted or Embedded Hypervisor

➢ It runs on a host OS that provides virtualization services, such as Input/output device
support and memory management.
➢ Used for testing and development purposes as they can run on the OS to try out new
program or features without affecting the host OS.
Eg: VMware Fusion, Oracle VM

Full Virtualization

➢ Guest OS are unaware of each other.

➢ Provide support for unmodified guest operating system
➢ Hypervisor directly interact with the hardware such as CPU,disks
➢ Hypervisor allow to run multiple OS simultaneously on host computer.
➢ Each guest server run on its own Operating System.

Example: Oracle’s Virtual Box, Microsoft Virtual PC

SJFGC, Mysuru Page 18

 Cloud Computing

Advantages:
1. Provides best Isolation and Security for Virtual Machine.
2. No hardware assist or OS assist to virtualize sensitive and privileged instructions.

Limitations:
1. Full Virtualization is usually bit slower, because of all emulation.
2. Hypervisor contain the device driver and it might be difficult for new device drivers
to be installed by users.

Para Virtualization

➢ Unlike full virtualization, guest servers are aware of one another.

➢ Hypervisor does not need large amount of processing power to manage guest OS.
➢ The entire system work as a cohesive unit.

Advantages:
1. It is Efficient Virtualization.
2. It allows users to make use of new or modified device drivers.

Limitations:
1. It requests the Guest OS to be modified in order to interact with ParaVirtualization
interfaces.
2. It requires significant support and maintainability issues in production environment.

SJFGC, Mysuru Page 19

 Cloud Computing

Difference Between
Full Virtualization Para Virtualization
It is less secure It is more secure
It uses Binary Translation and direct It uses Hypercalls at compile time for
approach. operations
Fast in operations Slow in operations
More portable and compatible Less portable and compatible
Eg: Microsoft and Parallel System Eg:Vmare and Xen

Business and IT Perspective

➢ The impressive success of companies such as Google, Facebook with the use of Cloud
Computing has made companies to think towards making similar services and user
experience to their users - employees, partners and customers.
➢ Delivering IT-enabled services via internet, that are built for the end-users to be in
control is what has come to be called as "Cloud Computing"

Ex: Gmail.

Cloud Service Requirements

1. A proven service management system to provide visibility, control and automation across
2. Services to help accelerate standardization, rapid client payback on investment.

Cloud and Dynamic Infrastructure

Cloud Computing is Dynamic in Nature
➢ It allows clients to access standardised IT resources to deploy new applications,
services or computing resources rapidly without reengineering their entire
infrastructure, thus making it dynamic.
Cloud Service Requirements

Cloud Dynamic Infrastructure provides the following features:

1. Service Management

2. Asset Management

3. Virtualization and Consolidation

4. Information Infrastructure

5. Energy Efficiency

6. Security

7. Resilience

SJFGC, Mysuru Page 20

 Cloud Computing

Cloud Adoption

Business function that suits cloud adoption can be low-priority business applications:

1. Business intelligence against large database

2. Partner facing project sites
3. Low priority services

Cloud favours traditional web applications and interactive applications that comprise
two or more data sources and server services with low availability requirements and short life
spans.

Cloud Infrastructure Self-Service

➢ The cloud infrastructure has to be provisioned and paid-up front in private clouds.
➢ Self-service is possible upto a point.

Infrastructure Strategy and Planning Features

The cloud computing strategy and planning has the following 3 major steps
1. Assessment of current environment to determine strengths, gaps and readiness.
2. Development of the value proposition for cloud computing in the enterprise.
3. Strategy, planning and roadmaps to successfully implement the selected cloud
delivery model

Gamut of Cloud Solutions

There are 5 commonly used categories in a spectrum of cloud offerings:

1. Platform-as-a-service (PaaS) -Provision H/W. OS.Framework, Database

2. Software-as-a-service (SaaS) - Provision H/W, OS Special purpose S/W
3. Infrastructure-as-a-service (IaaS) - Provision H/W and organization has control over
OS
4. Storage-as-a-service (SaaS) - Provision of DB-like services, metered like - per
gigabyte/month
5. Desktop-as-a-service (DaaS) - Provision of Desktop environment within a browse

Cloud Strategy

The key steps in cloud implementation planning are as follows:

➢ Understand cloud strategy

➢ Define cloud application requirements
➢ Assess cloud readiness
➢ Define high-level cloud architecture
➢ Identifying change management requirements
➢ Develop roadmap and implementation plan.

SJFGC, Mysuru Page 21

 Cloud Computing

Cloud Design and Implementation Using SOA

➢ SOA is a very useful architectural style for implementing applications in the cloud.
Service-oriented architecture (SOA) is a software based on structured collections of
collectively provide the community for server
➢ A cloud-based application consists of many granular coarse-grained services offered
on the cloud

Conceptual Cloud Model

The conceptual cloud model describes the structure of the cloud-based services as a
system in terms of its software components with their responsibilities, interfaces,
relationships and the way they collaborate to deliver the required functionality.

The conceptual offerings component model has below offerings:

➢ High-level service components that services form the services provided by the
offerings.
➢ The resources that support the cloud services
➢ The technical components that provide technical underpinnings of the cloud services.
➢ External and Internal service that non inherited by the cloud application server

Cloud Service Defined

This section highlights the aspects of service, its and cloud-based different platforms
integration and deployment services:
Services Definition:
1. Service:
➢ A specific IT deliverable that provides customer value.
➢ It is measurable It provides a basis for doing business with the customer
➢ It is delivered through a series of processes and/or activities
2. Services Portfolio:
A collection of services provided by IT, that in their aggregation represents all the
'value addition' activities performed by IT.
3. Service Component:
A logically grouped set of activities that represent part of a service that touches
the customer.
4. Process:
A collection of related activities that take inputs, transforms them, and produces
outputs that support an enterprise goal.
5. Service Level Management
SLM (Service Level Management) governs the planning, coordinating,
drafting, agreeing, monitoring, and reporting on Service Level Agreements and
ensures that and cost-justifiable service quality is agreed to, maintained or where
necessary improved

SJFGC, Mysuru Page 22