FINAL PROJECT

Design of Reinforced Concrete Structure

In Partial Fulfilment of the

Requirements for the Subject
CEPRCD1D - PRINCIPLE ON REINFORCE CONCRETE DESIGN DRAFTING

Submitted by:
Calinisan, Ryan L.
Galindez, Adrian
Mercado, Bea Francine
Pujante, Randel G.

CIV-221

Submitted to:
Engr. Allen Paul Alcantara

November 2024
 A. ARCHITECTURAL PLAN REQUIREMENTS

Elevations (FRONT, BACK, LEFT, RIGHT, CROSS SECTIONS)

Floor Plans(GROUND, SECOND, THIRD, FOURTH)
Roof Deck Floor Plan

B. MATERIAL SPECIFICATIONS

MATERIAL SIZE

SLABS 10 mm ∅

BEAMS 20 mm ∅
STEEL BARS
COLUMNS 25 mm ∅

FOOTING 25 mm ∅

ALL STRUCTURAL
STIRRUPS 10 mm ∅
MEMBERS

SHRINKAGE AND
SLABS 10 mm ∅
TEMPERATURE BARS
 C. PROPERTIES OF THE STRUCTURAL MEMBERS

STRUCTURAL MEMBERS b(mm) x h(mm) Gross Area

2
BEAM 300 x 550 165000 𝑚𝑚

2
COLUMN 300 x 300 x 3.15m Height 90000 𝑚𝑚

2
FOOTING 3000 x 3000 9000000 𝑚𝑚

REBAR PROPERTIES 25 mm ∅

STIRRUPS 10 mm ∅
D. LOADINGS CONSIDERED IN THE DESIGN

d.1. LOADINGS CONSIDERED FOR DEAD LOAD

 MINIMUM DESIGN FOR DEAD LOAD

SLAB PRESSURE (SLAB THICKNESS x UNIT WEIGHT OF CONCRETE)

SLAB THICKNESS 0.125 m

CONCRETE UNIT WEIGHT 23.6 kN/m3

SLAB PRESSURE 2.95 kN/m2

DESIGN DEAD LOADS (TABLE 204-2, NSCP 2015)

CEILING SUSPENDED METAL LATH 0.48 kN/m2

AND GYPSUM PLASTER

MECHANICAL MECHANICAL DUCT 0.2 kN/m2

ALLOWANCE

FLOOR AND FLOOR FINISH LOADS (TABLE 204-2, NSCP 2015)

CEMENT FINISH CEMENT FINISH (25mm) 1.53 kN/m2

ON STONE-CONCRETE
FILL

TILES CERAMIC OR QUARRY 1.1 kN/m2

TILE(20mm) ON 25mm
MORTAR BED

PLASTER PLASTER ON TILE 0.24 kN/m2

TOTAL DEAD LOAD 6.5 kN/m2

WALL PRESSURE AND DISTRIBUTED LOAD (TABLE 204-2, NSCP 2015)

WALL HEIGHT 3.15 m 3.15 m

WALL THICKNESS 150 mm

FULL GROUT
2.97 kN/m2
CONCRETE UNIT WEIGHT 23.6 kN/m3

PLASTER 0.24 kN/m2 x 2

0.48 kN/m2
(PLASTER ON EACH SIDE)

TOTAL DEAD LOAD 10.8675 kN/m

(WALL HEIGHT x WALL PRESSURE)
 BEAM DEAD LOAD (ASSUMED DIMENSION)

CONCRETE UNIT WEIGHT 23.6 kN/m3

BEAM *ASSUMED* DIMENSION (BASE x HEIGHT) 0.5 m x 0.5 m

TOTAL DEAD LOAD 5.9 kN/m

d.2. LOADINGS CONSIDERED FOR LIVE LOAD

MINIMUM DESIGN FOR LIVE LOAD

OCCUPANCY TYPE LOAD (TABLE 205-1, NSCP 2015)

ACCESS TYPE OF OFFICE USE 2.4 kN/m2

FLOOR SYSTEM

TOTAL LIVE LOAD 2.4 kN/m2

E. LOAD COMBINATIONS

Based on SECTION 203.3.1 on NSCP 2015, the formula for the combinations of
factored should be followed as:
𝑊𝑈 = 1. 2𝐷𝐿 + 1. 6𝐿𝐿
for the computation of each loading where the factored loads of such are considered
for the structural analysis and design calculations.
 F. STRUCTURAL MODEL

BEAM PLAN FOR 2ND, 3RD 4TH AND ROOF DECK

STRUCTURAL PLAN
 G. STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS

SLAB SHORT SPAN LONG SPAN m TYPE OF

(IN mm) (IN mm) SLAB

S-1 1000 3318.5 0.30134 ONE-WAY

S-2 1800 4500 0.4 ONE-WAY

 a. STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS FOR 2ND 3RD AND 4TH FLOOR

a.1. LINE B DEAD LOAD

𝑆𝑂𝐿𝑉𝐼𝑁𝐺 𝐹𝑂𝑅 𝑃𝑂𝐼𝑁𝑇 𝐿𝑂𝐴𝐷 𝐴𝑇 𝑀𝐼𝐷𝑆𝑃𝐴𝑁 𝑂𝐹 𝐸𝐴𝐶𝐻 𝐺𝐼𝑅𝐷𝐸𝑅

TYPE OF PRESSURE SOLUTION

SLAB PRESSURE TOTAL DEAD LOAD PRESSURE 6. 5 𝑘𝑃𝑎

WALL PRESSURE WITH 𝑊𝐴𝐿𝐿 𝑃𝑅𝐸𝑆𝑆𝑈𝑅𝐸 𝑥 𝑊𝐴𝐿𝐿 𝐻𝐸𝐼𝐺𝐻𝑇 𝑥 𝑆 3.45𝑚 𝑥 3.15𝑚 𝑥 3.6𝑚
𝐴𝑆𝐿𝐴𝐵 3.6𝑚 𝑥 4.5𝑚
RESPECT TO AREA OF
SLAB = 2. 415 𝑘𝑃𝑎

𝑊𝑆𝐿𝐴𝐵 2 𝑆 3.6𝑚
𝑆𝐿𝐴𝐵 𝑃𝑅𝐸𝑆𝑆𝑈𝑅𝐸 𝑥 2
6. 5 𝑘𝑃𝑎 𝑥 2
= 11. 7 𝑘𝑁/𝑚

𝑊𝑆𝐿𝐴𝐵 2 𝑊𝐼𝑇𝐻 𝑊𝐴𝐿𝐿 𝑆 3.6𝑚

(𝑆𝐿𝐴𝐵 𝑃𝑅𝐸𝑆 + 𝑊𝐴𝐿𝐿 𝑃𝑅𝐸𝑆) 𝑥 2
(6. 5 + 2. 415) 𝑥 2
= 16. 047 𝑘𝑁/𝑚

SELF WEIGHT ɣ𝑐 𝑥 𝐴𝑟𝑒𝑎𝐵𝐸𝐴𝑀 23. 6

𝑘𝑁
3 𝑥 (0. 3𝑚 𝑥 0. 55𝑚)
𝑚
=3. 894 𝑘𝑁/𝑚

𝑃𝑂𝐼𝑁𝑇 𝐿𝑂𝐴𝐷 𝐹𝑂𝑅 2𝑁𝐷, 3𝑅𝐷 𝐴𝑁𝐷 4𝑇𝐻 𝐹𝐿𝑂𝑂𝑅

𝑆𝑂𝐿𝑉𝐼𝑁𝐺 𝐹𝑂𝑅 𝑃𝑂𝐼𝑁𝑇 𝐿𝑂𝐴𝐷 𝐴𝑇 𝑀𝐼𝐷𝑆𝑃𝐴𝑁 𝑂𝐹 𝐸𝐴𝐶𝐻 𝐺𝐼𝑅𝐷𝐸𝑅

TYPE OF PRESSURE SOLUTION

SLAB PRESSURE TOTAL DEAD LOAD PRESSURE 6. 5 𝑘𝑃𝑎

WALL PRESSURE WITH 𝑊𝐴𝐿𝐿 𝑃𝑅𝐸𝑆𝑆𝑈𝑅𝐸 𝑥 𝑊𝐴𝐿𝐿 𝐻𝐸𝐼𝐺𝐻𝑇 𝑥 𝑆 3.45𝑚 𝑥 3.15𝑚 𝑥 3.6𝑚
𝐴𝑆𝐿𝐴𝐵 3.6𝑚 𝑥 4.5𝑚
RESPECT TO AREA OF
SLAB = 2. 415 𝑘𝑃𝑎
𝑊𝑆𝐿𝐴𝐵 2 𝑆 3.6𝑚
𝑆𝐿𝐴𝐵 𝑃𝑅𝐸𝑆𝑆𝑈𝑅𝐸 𝑥 2
6. 5 𝑘𝑃𝑎 𝑥 2
= 11. 7 𝑘𝑁/𝑚

𝑊𝑆𝐿𝐴𝐵 2 𝑊𝐼𝑇𝐻 𝑊𝐴𝐿𝐿 𝑆 3.6𝑚

(𝑆𝐿𝐴𝐵 𝑃𝑅𝐸𝑆 + 𝑊𝐴𝐿𝐿 𝑃𝑅𝐸𝑆) 𝑥 2
(6. 5 + 2. 415) 𝑥 2
= 16. 047 𝑘𝑁/𝑚

SELF WEIGHT ɣ𝑐 𝑥 𝐴𝑟𝑒𝑎𝐵𝐸𝐴𝑀 23. 6

𝑘𝑁
3 𝑥 (0. 3𝑚 𝑥 0. 55𝑚)
𝑚
=3. 894 𝑘𝑁/𝑚

𝑃𝑂𝐼𝑁𝑇 𝐿𝑂𝐴𝐷 𝐹𝑂𝑅 𝑅𝑂𝑂𝐹 𝐷𝐸𝐶𝐾

LOADINGS FOR 2ND, 3RD AND 4TH FLOOR ( SERVICE LOADS )

LOADINGS FOR ROOF DECK ( SERVICE LOADS )
CALCULATION FOR FACTORED DEAD LOAD
 MINIMUM DESIGN FOR DEAD LOAD

SLAB PRESSURE (SLAB THICKNESS x UNIT WEIGHT OF CONCRETE)

SLAB THICKNESS 0.125 m

CONCRETE UNIT WEIGHT 23.6 kN/m3

SLAB PRESSURE 2.95 kN/m2

DESIGN DEAD LOADS (TABLE 204-2, NSCP 2015)

CEILING SUSPENDED METAL LATH 0.48 kN/m2

AND GYPSUM PLASTER

MECHANICAL MECHANICAL DUCT 0.2 kN/m2

ALLOWANCE

FLOOR AND FLOOR FINISH LOADS (TABLE 204-2, NSCP 2015)

CEMENT FINISH CEMENT FINISH (25mm) 1.53 kN/m2

ON STONE-CONCRETE
FILL

TILES CERAMIC OR QUARRY 1.1 kN/m2

TILE(20mm) ON 25mm
MORTAR BED

PLASTER PLASTER ON TILE 0.24 kN/m2

TOTAL DEAD LOAD 6.5 kN/m2

FACTORED DEAD LOAD 7.8 kN/m2

WALL PRESSURE AND DISTRIBUTED LOAD (TABLE 204-2, NSCP 2015)

WALL HEIGHT 3.15 m 3.15 m

WALL THICKNESS 150 mm

FULL GROUT
3 2.97 kN/m2
CONCRETE UNIT WEIGHT 23.6 kN/m

PLASTER 0.24 kN/m2 x 2

0.48 kN/m2
(PLASTER ON EACH SIDE)

TOTAL DEAD LOAD 10.8675 kN/m

(WALL HEIGHT x WALL PRESSURE)

FACTORED DEAD LOAD 13.041 kN/m

 BEAM DEAD LOAD (ASSUMED DIMENSION)

CONCRETE UNIT WEIGHT 23.6 kN/m3

BEAM *ASSUMED* DIMENSION (BASE x HEIGHT) 0.5 m x 0.5 m

TOTAL DEAD LOAD 5.9 kN/m

FACTORED DEAD LOAD 7.08 kN/m

CALCULATION FOR FACTORED LIVE LOAD

MINIMUM DESIGN FOR LIVE LOAD

OCCUPANCY TYPE LOAD (TABLE 205-1, NSCP 2015)

ACCESS TYPE OF OFFICE USE 2.4 kN/m2

FLOOR SYSTEM

TOTAL LIVE LOAD 2.4 kN/m2

FACTORED LIVE LOAD 3.84 kN/m2

G. STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS USING MDM

LOADINGS FOR 2ND, 3RD AND 4TH FLOOR ( SERVICE LOADS )

LOADINGS FOR ROOF DECK ( SERVICE LOADS )

a.1. DEAD LOAD FOR 2ND, 3RD AND 4TH FLOOR (HORIZONTAL)

a.2. LIVE LOAD FOR 2ND, 3RD AND 4TH FLOOR (HORIZONTAL)
 b.1. DEAD LOAD FOR 2ND, 3RD AND 4TH FLOOR (VERTICAL)

b.2. LIVE LOAD FOR 2ND, 3RD AND 4TH FLOOR (VERTICAL)

H. DESIGN CALCULATIONS

a. Design of Slabs
a.1 LOCATION OF CRITICAL SLAB
The most critical slab of every floor was determined by calculating its tributary
area carried by that beam and considering different loads applied on it.
a.2 CALCULATION OF SLAB DESIGN

SOLVING FOR SLAB THICKNESS

Considering Line 3 and Line B as critical, and having a condition of fy
= 420 MPa, the multiplier for the equation for [ 0.4 + fy/700 ] is no longer considered.
𝐿
ℎ= 24
1800
ℎ= 24
= 75𝑚𝑚 ≈ 125𝑚𝑚

Solving for Factored Load

𝑊𝑈 = 1. 2𝐷𝐿𝑆 + 1. 6𝐿𝐿𝑆

2 2
𝑊𝑈 = 1. 2(6. 5𝑘𝑁/𝑚 )(1𝑚) + 1. 6(2. 4𝑘𝑁/𝑚 )(1𝑚)
𝑊𝑈 = 11.64 𝑘𝑁/𝑚

POSITIVE MOMENT Mu
2 2
𝑊𝑈 𝑙𝑛 (11.64 𝑘𝑁/𝑚)( 3.3𝑚)
𝑀𝑈 = 14
= 9. 0543 𝑘𝑁·𝑚
14

2 2
𝑊𝑈 𝑙𝑛 (11.64 𝑘𝑁/𝑚)( 3.3𝑚)
𝑀𝑈 = 16
= 7. 9225 𝑘𝑁·𝑚
16
 NEGATIVE MOMENT Mu
2 2
𝑊𝑈 𝑙𝑛 (11.64 𝑘𝑁/𝑚)( 3.3𝑚)
𝑀𝑈 = 24
= 5. 2817 𝑘𝑁·𝑚
24

2 2
𝑊𝑈 𝑙𝑛 (11.64 𝑘𝑁/𝑚)( 3.3𝑚)
𝑀𝑈 = 10
= 12. 6760 𝑘𝑁·𝑚
10

2 2
𝑊𝑈 𝑙𝑛 (11.64 𝑘𝑁/𝑚)( 3.3𝑚)
𝑀𝑈 = 11
= 11. 5236 𝑘𝑁·𝑚
11

𝑑𝑏
𝑑 = ℎ − 𝐶𝐶− 2
10𝑚𝑚
𝑑 = 125𝑚𝑚 − 40𝑚𝑚 − 2
𝑑 = 80𝑚𝑚

SOLVING FOR 𝑆 AT 𝑆𝑈𝑃𝑃𝑂𝑅𝑇𝑆

𝑀𝑢 = 12. 6760 𝑘𝑁·m

6
𝑀𝑢 · 10
𝑅𝑛 = 2
∅𝑏𝑑
6
12.6760 𝑘𝑁·𝑚 𝑥 10
𝑅𝑛 = 2
0.90(1000)(80)
𝑅𝑛 = 2. 2007 𝑀𝑃𝑎

𝑓'𝑐 2𝑅𝑛
𝑝 = 0. 85 𝑓𝑦
[1 − √(1 − 0.85𝑓'𝑐 )]
24 2(2.2007)
𝑝 = 0. 85 420
[1 − √(1 − 0.85(24) )]
𝑝 = 0. 0055558

SOLVING FOR 𝐴𝑠
𝐴𝑠 = 𝑝𝑏𝑑
𝐴𝑠 = (0. 0055558)(1000)(80)
2
𝐴𝑠 = 444. 6172𝑚𝑚

SOLVING FOR 𝐴𝑠𝑚𝑖𝑛

𝐴𝑠𝑚𝑖𝑛 = 0. 002𝑏ℎ
𝐴𝑠𝑚𝑖𝑛 = 0. 002(1000𝑚𝑚)(125𝑚𝑚)
2
𝐴𝑠𝑚𝑖𝑛 = 250𝑚𝑚

Since 𝐴𝑠 > 𝐴𝑠𝑚𝑖𝑛 , 𝑈𝑆𝐸 𝐴𝑠

SOLVING FOR 𝑆
 𝐴𝑏(𝑏)
𝑆= 𝐴𝑠
π 2
4
(10𝑚𝑚) (1000𝑚𝑚)
𝑆= 2
444.6172𝑚𝑚
𝑆 = 176. 6369𝑚𝑚 ≈ 175𝑚𝑚

SOLVING FOR 𝑆𝑚𝑎𝑥

𝑆𝑚𝑎𝑥 = 3ℎ
𝑆𝑚𝑎𝑥 = 3(125𝑚𝑚)
𝑆𝑚𝑎𝑥 = 450𝑚𝑚
𝑆𝑚𝑎𝑥 = 375𝑚𝑚

Use the minimum value 𝑆 = 175𝑚𝑚

SOLVING FOR 𝑆 AT 𝑀𝐼𝐷𝑆𝑃𝐴𝑁

𝑀𝑢 = 9. 0543 𝑘𝑁·m
6
𝑀𝑢 · 10
𝑅𝑛 = 2
∅𝑏𝑑
6
9.0543 𝑘𝑁·𝑚 𝑥 10
𝑅𝑛 = 2
0.90(1000)(80)
𝑅𝑛 = 1. 5719 𝑀𝑃𝑎

𝑓'𝑐 2𝑅𝑛
𝑝 = 0. 85 𝑓𝑦
[1 − √(1 − 0.85𝑓'𝑐 )]
24 2(1.5719)
𝑝 = 0. 85 420
[1 − √(1 − 0.85(24) )]
𝑝 = 0. 003899

SOLVING FOR 𝐴𝑠
𝐴𝑠 = 𝑝𝑏𝑑
𝐴𝑠 = (0. 003899)(1000)(80)
2
𝐴𝑠 = 311. 9354𝑚𝑚

SOLVING FOR 𝐴𝑠𝑚𝑖𝑛

0.0018(420)
𝐴𝑠𝑚𝑖𝑛 = 𝑓𝑦
(𝑏ℎ)
0.0018(420)
𝐴𝑠𝑚𝑖𝑛 = 420
(300𝑚𝑚 𝑥 550𝑚𝑚)
2
𝐴𝑠𝑚𝑖𝑛 = 297𝑚𝑚

Since 𝐴𝑠 > 𝐴𝑠𝑚𝑖𝑛 , 𝑈𝑆𝐸 𝐴𝑠

SOLVING FOR 𝑆
𝐴𝑏(𝑏)
𝑆= 𝐴𝑠
π 2
4
(10𝑚𝑚) (1000𝑚𝑚)
𝑆= 2
311.92𝑚𝑚
 𝑆 = 251. 7974𝑚𝑚 ≈ 250𝑚𝑚

SOLVING FOR 𝑆𝑚𝑎𝑥

𝑆𝑚𝑎𝑥 = 3ℎ
𝑆𝑚𝑎𝑥 = 3(125𝑚𝑚)
𝑆𝑚𝑎𝑥 = 450𝑚𝑚
𝑆𝑚𝑎𝑥 = 375𝑚𝑚

Use the minimum value 𝑆 = 250𝑚𝑚

SOLVING FOR 𝑆𝐻𝑅𝐼𝑁𝐾𝐴𝐺𝐸 AND 𝑇𝐸𝑀𝑃𝐸𝑅𝐴𝑇𝑈𝑅𝐸 𝐵𝐴𝑅𝑆

SOLVING FOR 𝐴𝑠𝑇1

0.0018(420)
𝐴𝑠𝑇 = 𝑓𝑦
(𝑏ℎ)
0.0018(420)
𝐴𝑠𝑇 = 420
(300𝑚𝑚 𝑥 550𝑚𝑚)
2
𝐴𝑠𝑇 = 297𝑚𝑚

SOLVING FOR 𝐴𝑠𝑇2

𝐴𝑠𝑇 = 0. 0014(𝑏ℎ)
𝐴𝑠𝑇 = 0. 0014(300𝑚𝑚 𝑥 550𝑚𝑚)
2
𝐴𝑠𝑇 = 231𝑚𝑚
Since 𝐴𝑇1𝑠 > 𝐴𝑠𝑇2 , 𝑈𝑆𝐸 𝐴𝑠𝑇1

SOLVING FOR 𝑆
𝐴𝑏(𝑏)
𝑆= 𝐴𝑠
π 2
4
(10𝑚𝑚) (1000𝑚𝑚)
𝑆= 2
297𝑚𝑚
𝑆 = 264. 4438𝑚𝑚 ≈ 260𝑚𝑚

SOLVING FOR 𝑆𝑚𝑎𝑥

𝑆𝑚𝑎𝑥 = 5ℎ
𝑆𝑚𝑎𝑥 = 5(125𝑚𝑚)
𝑆𝑚𝑎𝑥 = 450𝑚𝑚
𝑆𝑚𝑎𝑥 = 625𝑚𝑚

Use the minimum value 𝑆 = 260𝑚𝑚

a.3 RECOMMENDED SLAB THICKNESS AND REINFORCEMENTS

SLAB PROPERTIES RECOMMENDED

SLAB THICKNESS 75𝑚𝑚

REINFORCEMENTS 10 𝑚𝑚 ∅

a.4 SLAB DETAILS

TYPE INFO

SLAB THICKNESS 125𝑚𝑚

10 𝑚𝑚 ∅ 𝑤𝑖𝑡ℎ
AT MIDSPAN
250𝑚𝑚 𝑠𝑝𝑎𝑐𝑖𝑛𝑔
REBARS
10 𝑚𝑚 ∅ 𝑤𝑖𝑡ℎ
AT SUPPORT
175𝑚𝑚 𝑠𝑝𝑎𝑐𝑖𝑛𝑔

10 𝑚𝑚 ∅ 𝑤𝑖𝑡ℎ
SHRINKAGE AND TEMPERATURE BARS
260𝑚𝑚 𝑠𝑝𝑎𝑐𝑖𝑛𝑔
 b. Design of Beams

b.1. SHEAR AND MOMENT DIAGRAM

CALCULATIONS OF BEAM FOR LINE B

𝑆𝐻𝐸𝐴𝑅 𝐴𝑁𝐷 𝑀𝑂𝑀𝐸𝑁𝑇 𝐷𝐼𝐴𝐺𝑅𝐴𝑀 𝐹𝑂𝑅 𝐿𝐼𝑁𝐸 𝐵 (2𝑁𝐷, 3𝑅𝐷 4𝑇𝐻 𝐹𝐿𝑂𝑂𝑅)
𝐷𝐸𝐴𝐷 𝐿𝑂𝐴𝐷

𝑆𝐻𝐸𝐴𝑅 𝐴𝑁𝐷 𝑀𝑂𝑀𝐸𝑁𝑇 𝐷𝐼𝐴𝐺𝑅𝐴𝑀 𝐹𝑂𝑅 𝐿𝐼𝑁𝐸 𝐵 (2𝑁𝐷, 3𝑅𝐷 4𝑇𝐻 𝐹𝐿𝑂𝑂𝑅)
𝐿𝐼𝑉𝐸 𝐿𝑂𝐴𝐷
 By analysis, the maximum moment, based from the graph, we can gather the
maximum moments for support and midspan:

Mu for Support Mu for Midspan

𝐷𝐿 = 44. 5413 𝑘𝑁·𝑚 𝐷𝐿 = 44. 0303 𝑘𝑁·𝑚

𝐿𝐿 = 9. 7890 𝑘𝑁·𝑚 𝐿𝐿 = 10. 1693 𝑘𝑁·𝑚

b.2. CALCULATION OF LONGITUDINAL REINFORCEMENTS

SOLVING FOR LINE B SUPPORT

SOLVING FOR Mu

𝑀𝑢 = 1. 2𝐷𝐿 + 1. 6 𝐿𝐿
𝑀𝑢 = 1. 2(44. 5413 𝑘𝑁·𝑚) + 1. 6(9. 7890 𝑘𝑁·𝑚 )
𝑀𝑢 = 69. 1120𝑘𝑁·𝑚

SOLVING FOR 𝑅𝑛
6
𝑀𝑢 · 10
𝑅𝑛 = 2
∅𝑏𝑑
6
69.1120 𝑘𝑁·𝑚 𝑥 10
𝑅𝑛 = 2
0.90(300)(450)
𝑅𝑛 = 1. 2641 𝑀𝑃𝑎

SOLVING FOR 𝑝
𝑓'𝑐 2𝑅𝑛
𝑝 = 0. 85 𝑓𝑦
[1 − √(1 − 0.85𝑓'𝑐 )]
24 2(1.2641)
𝑝 = 0. 85 420
[1 − √(1 − 0.85(24) )]
𝑝 = 0. 0031092

SOLVING FOR 𝑝𝑚𝑖𝑛

1.4
𝑝𝑚𝑖𝑛 = 𝑓𝑦
1.4
𝑝𝑚𝑖𝑛 = 420
𝑝𝑚𝑖𝑛 = 0. 0033333

Since 𝑝 < 𝑝𝑚𝑖𝑛 , use 𝑝𝑚𝑖𝑛

SOLVING FOR 𝐴𝑠
𝐴𝑠 = 𝑝𝑏𝑑
𝐴𝑠 = (0. 003333)(300)(450)
2
𝐴𝑠 = 450𝑚𝑚
 SOLVING FOR 𝑛
𝐴𝑠
𝑛= 𝐴𝑏
2
450𝑚𝑚
𝑛= π 2
4
(20𝑚𝑚)

𝑛 = 1. 4324 ≈ 2 𝑝𝑐𝑠

SOLVING FOR 𝑆
𝑆 = 𝑏 − 2𝐶𝐶 − 2𝑑𝑠 − 2𝑑𝑏
𝑆 = 300𝑚𝑚 − 2(40𝑚𝑚) − 2(10𝑚𝑚) − 2(20𝑚𝑚)
𝑑 = 160𝑚𝑚

SOLVING FOR LINE B MIDSPAN

SOLVING FOR Mu

𝑀𝑢 = 1. 2𝐷𝐿 + 1. 6 𝐿𝐿
𝑀𝑢 = 1. 2(44. 0303 𝑘𝑁·𝑚) + 1. 6(10. 1693 𝑘𝑁·𝑚 )
𝑀𝑢 = 69. 0992 𝑘𝑁·𝑚

SOLVING FOR 𝑅𝑛
6
𝑀𝑢 · 10
𝑅𝑛 = 2
∅𝑏𝑑
6
69.0992 𝑘𝑁·𝑚 𝑥 10
𝑅𝑛 = 2
0.90(300)(450)
𝑅𝑛 = 1. 2638 𝑀𝑃𝑎

SOLVING FOR 𝑝
𝑓'𝑐 2𝑅𝑛
𝑝 = 0. 85 𝑓𝑦
[1 − √(1 − 0.85𝑓'𝑐 )]
24 2(1.2638)
𝑝 = 0. 85 420
[1 − √(1 − 0.85(24) )]
𝑝 = 0. 0028372

SOLVING FOR 𝑝𝑚𝑖𝑛

1.4
𝑝𝑚𝑖𝑛 = 𝑓𝑦
1.4
𝑝𝑚𝑖𝑛 = 420
𝑝𝑚𝑖𝑛 = 0. 0033333

Since 𝑝 < 𝑝𝑚𝑖𝑛 , use 𝑝𝑚𝑖𝑛

SOLVING FOR 𝐴𝑠
𝐴𝑠 = 𝑝𝑏𝑑
𝐴𝑠 = (0. 003333)(300)(450)
 2
𝐴𝑠 = 450𝑚𝑚

SOLVING FOR 𝑛
𝐴𝑠
𝑛= 𝐴𝑏
2
450𝑚𝑚
𝑛= π 2
4
(20𝑚𝑚)

𝑛 = 1. 4324 ≈ 2 𝑝𝑐𝑠

SOLVING FOR 𝑆
𝑆 = 𝑏 − 2𝐶𝐶 − 2𝑑𝑠 − 2𝑑𝑏
𝑆 = 300𝑚𝑚 − 2(40𝑚𝑚) − 2(10𝑚𝑚) − 2(20𝑚𝑚)
𝑑 = 160𝑚𝑚

b.1. SHEAR AND MOMENT DIAGRAM

CALCULATIONS OF BEAM FOR LINE 3

𝑆𝐻𝐸𝐴𝑅 𝐴𝑁𝐷 𝑀𝑂𝑀𝐸𝑁𝑇 𝐷𝐼𝐴𝐺𝑅𝐴𝑀 𝐹𝑂𝑅 𝐿𝐼𝑁𝐸 3 (2𝑁𝐷, 3𝑅𝐷 4𝑇𝐻 𝐹𝐿𝑂𝑂𝑅)
𝐷𝐸𝐴𝐷 𝐿𝑂𝐴𝐷

𝑆𝐻𝐸𝐴𝑅 𝐴𝑁𝐷 𝑀𝑂𝑀𝐸𝑁𝑇 𝐷𝐼𝐴𝐺𝑅𝐴𝑀 𝐹𝑂𝑅 𝐿𝐼𝑁𝐸 3 (2𝑁𝐷, 3𝑅𝐷 4𝑇𝐻 𝐹𝐿𝑂𝑂𝑅)
𝐿𝐼𝑉𝐸 𝐿𝑂𝐴𝐷
 By analysis, the maximum moment, based from the graph, we can gather the
maximum moments:

Mu for Support Mu for Midspan

𝐷𝐿 = 26. 3149 𝑘𝑁·𝑚 𝐷𝐿 = 13. 1574 𝑘𝑁·𝑚

𝐿𝐿 = 7. 29 𝑘𝑁·𝑚 𝐿𝐿 = 3. 645 𝑘𝑁·𝑚

b.2. CALCULATION OF LONGITUDINAL REINFORCEMENTS

SOLVING FOR LINE 3 SUPPORT

SOLVING FOR Mu

𝑀𝑢 = 1. 2𝐷𝐿 + 1. 6 𝐿𝐿
𝑀𝑢 = 1. 2(26. 3149 𝑘𝑁·𝑚) + 1. 6(7. 29 𝑘𝑁·𝑚 )
𝑀𝑢 = 43. 2419 𝑘𝑁·𝑚

SOLVING FOR 𝑅𝑛
6
𝑀𝑢 · 10
𝑅𝑛 = 2
∅𝑏𝑑
6
43.2419 𝑘𝑁·𝑚 𝑥 10
𝑅𝑛 = 2
0.90(300)(450)
𝑅𝑛 = 0. 790889 𝑀𝑃𝑎

SOLVING FOR 𝑝
𝑓'𝑐 2𝑅𝑛
𝑝 = 0. 85 𝑓𝑦
[1 − √(1 − 0.85𝑓'𝑐 )]
24 2(0.790889)
𝑝 = 0. 85 420
[1 − √(1 − 0.85(24) )]
 𝑝 = 0. 001921

SOLVING FOR 𝑝𝑚𝑖𝑛

1.4
𝑝𝑚𝑖𝑛 = 𝑓𝑦
1.4
𝑝𝑚𝑖𝑛 = 420
𝑝𝑚𝑖𝑛 = 0. 0033333

Since 𝑝 < 𝑝𝑚𝑖𝑛 , use 𝑝𝑚𝑖𝑛

SOLVING FOR 𝐴𝑠
𝐴𝑠 = 𝑝𝑏𝑑
𝐴𝑠 = (0. 003333)(300)(450)
2
𝐴𝑠 = 450𝑚𝑚

SOLVING FOR 𝑛
𝐴𝑠
𝑛= 𝐴𝑏
2
450𝑚𝑚
𝑛= π 2
4
(20𝑚𝑚)

𝑛 = 1. 4324 ≈ 2 𝑝𝑐𝑠

SOLVING FOR 𝑆
𝑆 = 𝑏 − 2𝐶𝐶 − 2𝑑𝑠 − 2𝑑𝑏
𝑆 = 300𝑚𝑚 − 2(40𝑚𝑚) − 2(10𝑚𝑚) − 2(20𝑚𝑚)
𝑆 = 160𝑚𝑚

SOLVING FOR LINE 3 MIDSPAN

SOLVING FOR Mu

𝑀𝑢 = 1. 2𝐷𝐿 + 1. 6 𝐿𝐿
𝑀𝑢 = 1. 2(13. 1574 𝑘𝑁·𝑚) + 1. 6(3. 645 𝑘𝑁·𝑚 )
𝑀𝑢 = 21. 6209 𝑘𝑁·𝑚

SOLVING FOR 𝑅𝑛
6
𝑀𝑢 · 10
𝑅𝑛 = 2
∅𝑏𝑑
6
21.6209𝑘𝑁·𝑚 𝑥 10
𝑅𝑛 = 2
0.90(300)(450)
𝑅𝑛 = 0. 395444 𝑀𝑃𝑎

SOLVING FOR 𝑝
𝑓'𝑐 2𝑅𝑛
𝑝 = 0. 85 𝑓𝑦
[1 − √(1 − 0.85𝑓'𝑐
)]
 24 2(0.395444)
𝑝 = 0. 85 420
[1 − √(1 − 0.85(24)
)]
𝑝 = 0. 000951

SOLVING FOR 𝑝𝑚𝑖𝑛

1.4
𝑝𝑚𝑖𝑛 = 𝑓𝑦
1.4
𝑝𝑚𝑖𝑛 = 420
𝑝𝑚𝑖𝑛 = 0. 0033333

Since 𝑝 < 𝑝𝑚𝑖𝑛 , use 𝑝𝑚𝑖𝑛

SOLVING FOR 𝐴𝑠
𝐴𝑠 = 𝑝𝑏𝑑
𝐴𝑠 = (0. 003333)(300)(450)
2
𝐴𝑠 = 450𝑚𝑚

SOLVING FOR 𝑛
𝐴𝑠
𝑛= 𝐴𝑏
2
450𝑚𝑚
𝑛= π 2
4
(20𝑚𝑚)

𝑛 = 1. 4324 ≈ 2 𝑝𝑐𝑠

SOLVING FOR 𝑆
𝑆 = 𝑏 − 2𝐶𝐶 − 2𝑑𝑠 − 2𝑑𝑏
𝑆 = 300𝑚𝑚 − 2(40𝑚𝑚) − 2(10𝑚𝑚) − 2(20𝑚𝑚)
𝑆 = 160𝑚𝑚
 b.3. CALCULATION OF SHEAR REINFORCEMENTS

𝑆𝐻𝐸𝐴𝑅 𝐴𝑁𝐷 𝑀𝑂𝑀𝐸𝑁𝑇 𝐷𝐼𝐴𝐺𝑅𝐴𝑀 𝐹𝑂𝑅 𝐿𝐼𝑁𝐸 𝐵

𝐶𝑂𝑀𝐵𝐼𝑁𝐸𝐷 𝐹𝐴𝐶𝑇𝑂𝑅𝐸𝐷 𝐿𝑂𝐴𝐷

By analysis, the maximum shear is located at the column of Line 3, being

𝑅𝐴 = 74. 3656 𝑘𝑁

SOLVING FOR S
SOLVING FOR 𝑉𝑢
𝑉𝑈 = 𝑅𝐴 − 𝑤𝑢·𝑑
𝑘𝑁
𝑉𝑈 = 74. 3656 𝑘𝑁 − 4. 6728 𝑚
( 0. 45 𝑚)
𝑉𝑈 = 72. 26289 𝑘𝑁

SOLVING FOR 𝑉𝑁
𝑉𝑢
𝑉𝑁 = Ø
Ø = 0. 75
72.26289 𝑘𝑁
𝑉𝑁 = 0.75
𝑉𝑁 = 96. 3505 𝑘𝑁

SOLVING FOR 𝑉𝐶
𝑉𝑐 = 0. 17λ·[√(𝑓'𝑐)]·𝑏𝑤𝑑
𝑉𝑐 = 0. 17(1)·[√(24)]·(300𝑚𝑚)(450𝑚𝑚)
𝑉𝑐 = 112431. 5792 𝑁

SOLVING FOR 𝑉𝑆
 𝑉𝑆 = 𝑉𝑁 − 𝑉𝐶
𝑉𝑆 = 96350. 5 𝑁 − 112431. 5792 𝑁
𝑉𝑆 = − 16081. 0792 𝑁

SOLVING FOR APPLICABLE CONDITION

SOLVING FOR 𝐶𝑂𝑁𝐷𝐼𝑇𝐼𝑂𝑁 𝐹𝑂𝑅 𝑆

𝑉𝑐 = 112431. 5792 𝑁
1 1
2
𝑉𝑐 = 2
( 112431. 5792 𝑁)
1
2
𝑉𝑐 = 56215. 5 𝑁
𝑉𝑁 = 96350. 5 𝑁

1
2
𝑉𝑐 < 𝑉𝑁 < 𝑉𝐶 ∴ 𝑚𝑖𝑛𝑖𝑚𝑢𝑚 𝑎𝑟𝑒𝑎 𝑓𝑜𝑟 𝑠ℎ𝑒𝑎𝑟 𝑟𝑒𝑖𝑛𝑓𝑜𝑟𝑐𝑒𝑚𝑒𝑛𝑡

SOLVING FOR 𝐴𝑣𝑚𝑖𝑛

𝐴𝑣𝑚𝑖𝑛 = 𝐴𝑏𝑎𝑟𝑠·𝑛𝑙𝑒𝑔𝑠
π 2
𝐴𝑣𝑚𝑖𝑛 = 4
(10𝑚𝑚) ·2
2
𝐴𝑣𝑚𝑖𝑛 = 157. 0796𝑚𝑚

SOLVING FOR 𝑆
𝐴𝑣𝑚𝑖𝑛𝑓𝑦𝑡
𝑆 = 0.062 [√𝑓'𝑐]𝑏𝑤
2
157.0796 𝑚𝑚 ·276 𝑀𝑃𝑎
𝑆 = 0.062 [√24 𝑀𝑃𝑎]·300𝑚𝑚
𝑆 = 475. 7845𝑚𝑚

𝐴𝑣𝑚𝑖𝑛𝑓𝑦𝑡
𝑆 = 0.35𝑏𝑤
2
157.0796 𝑚𝑚 ·276 𝑀𝑃𝑎
𝑆 = 0.35·300𝑚𝑚
𝑆 = 412. 8949𝑚𝑚
 SOLVING FOR 𝑆𝑀𝐴𝑋
𝑑
𝑆𝑀𝐴𝑋 = 2
450𝑚𝑚
𝑆𝑀𝐴𝑋 = 2
𝑆𝑀𝐴𝑋 = 225𝑚𝑚

𝑆𝑀𝐴𝑋 = 600𝑚𝑚

Choosing the minimum value for S, we get that:

𝑆 = 225𝑚𝑚 ≈ 220𝑚𝑚

𝑆𝐻𝐸𝐴𝑅 𝐴𝑁𝐷 𝑀𝑂𝑀𝐸𝑁𝑇 𝐷𝐼𝐴𝐺𝑅𝐴𝑀 𝐹𝑂𝑅 𝐿𝐼𝑁𝐸 3

𝐶𝑂𝑀𝐵𝐼𝑁𝐸𝐷 𝐹𝐴𝐶𝑇𝑂𝑅𝐸𝐷 𝐿𝑂𝐴𝐷

By analysis, 𝑅𝐴 = 57. 6558 𝑘𝑁 the maximum shear is located at the column of

Line 3, being

SOLVING FOR S
SOLVING FOR 𝑉𝑢
𝑉𝑈 = 𝑅𝐴 − 𝑤𝑢·𝑑
𝑘𝑁
𝑉𝑈 = 57. 6558 𝑘𝑁 − 25. 6248 𝑚
( 0. 45 𝑚)
𝑉𝑈 = 46. 12464 𝑘𝑁

SOLVING FOR 𝑉𝑁
𝑉𝑢
𝑉𝑁 = Ø
 Ø = 0. 75
42.12464 𝑘𝑁
𝑉𝑁 = 0.75
𝑉𝑁 = 61. 49952 𝑘𝑁

SOLVING FOR 𝑉𝐶
𝑉𝑐 = 0. 17λ·[√(𝑓'𝑐)]·𝑏𝑤𝑑
𝑉𝑐 = 0. 17(1)·[√(24)]·(300𝑚𝑚)(450𝑚𝑚)
𝑉𝑐 = 112431. 5792 𝑁

SOLVING FOR 𝑉𝑆
𝑉𝑆 = 𝑉𝑁 − 𝑉𝐶
𝑉𝑆 = 61499. 52 𝑁 − 112431. 5792 𝑁
𝑉𝑆 = − 50932. 0592 𝑁

SOLVING FOR APPLICABLE CONDITION

SOLVING FOR 𝐶𝑂𝑁𝐷𝐼𝑇𝐼𝑂𝑁 𝐹𝑂𝑅 𝑆

𝑉𝑐 = 112431. 5792 𝑁
1 1
2
𝑉𝑐 = 2
( 112431. 5792 𝑁)
1
2
𝑉𝑐 = 56215. 5 𝑁
𝑉𝑁 = 61499. 52 𝑁

1
2
𝑉𝑐 < 𝑉𝑁 < 𝑉𝐶 ∴ 𝑚𝑖𝑛𝑖𝑚𝑢𝑚 𝑎𝑟𝑒𝑎 𝑓𝑜𝑟 𝑠ℎ𝑒𝑎𝑟 𝑟𝑒𝑖𝑛𝑓𝑜𝑟𝑐𝑒𝑚𝑒𝑛𝑡

SOLVING FOR 𝐴𝑣𝑚𝑖𝑛

𝐴𝑣𝑚𝑖𝑛 = 𝐴𝑏𝑎𝑟𝑠·𝑛𝑙𝑒𝑔𝑠
π 2
𝐴𝑣𝑚𝑖𝑛 = 4
(10𝑚𝑚) ·2
2
𝐴𝑣𝑚𝑖𝑛 = 157. 0796𝑚𝑚

SOLVING FOR 𝑆
 𝐴𝑣𝑚𝑖𝑛𝑓𝑦𝑡
𝑆 = 0.062 [√𝑓'𝑐]𝑏𝑤
2
157.0796 𝑚𝑚 ·276 𝑀𝑃𝑎
𝑆 = 0.062 [√24 𝑀𝑃𝑎]·300𝑚𝑚
𝑆 = 475. 7845𝑚𝑚

𝐴𝑣𝑚𝑖𝑛𝑓𝑦𝑡
𝑆 = 0.35𝑏𝑤
2
157.0796 𝑚𝑚 ·276 𝑀𝑃𝑎
𝑆 = 0.35·300𝑚𝑚
𝑆 = 412. 8949𝑚𝑚

SOLVING FOR 𝑆𝑀𝐴𝑋

𝑑
𝑆𝑀𝐴𝑋 = 2
450𝑚𝑚
𝑆𝑀𝐴𝑋 = 2
𝑆𝑀𝐴𝑋 = 225𝑚𝑚

𝑆𝑀𝐴𝑋 = 600𝑚𝑚

Choosing the minimum value for S, we get that:

𝑆 = 225𝑚𝑚 ≈ 220𝑚𝑚

CALCULATION OF MAXIMUM BENDING MOMENT OF BEAMS

𝑑 = 𝑑𝑡 = 450𝑚𝑚

SOLVING FOR 𝑎
0. 85𝑓'𝑐·𝑎𝑏 = 𝐴𝑆𝑓𝑦
𝜋 2
0. 85( 24𝑀𝑃𝑎 )( 𝑎 )( 300𝑚𝑚 ) = 4
( 20𝑚𝑚 ) ( 2 )( 420 𝑀𝑃𝑎 )
𝑎 = 43. 1199𝑚𝑚
SOLVING FOR 𝛽1
𝛽1 = 0. 85
SOLVING FOR 𝑐
𝑎 = 𝛽1·𝑐
43. 1199𝑚𝑚 = 0. 85𝑐
𝑐 = 50. 7293𝑚𝑚
SOLVING FOR 𝑓𝑆
𝑑−𝑐
𝑓𝑆 = 600( 𝑐
)
450𝑚𝑚 − 50.7293𝑚𝑚
𝑓𝑆 = 600( 50.7293𝑚𝑚
)
𝑓𝑆 = 4722. 3679
 𝑓𝑆 > 𝑓𝑦 , 𝐴𝑠𝑠𝑢𝑚𝑝𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 𝑖𝑠 𝑐𝑜𝑟𝑟𝑒𝑐𝑡

SOLVING FOR 𝑓𝑆
𝑑𝑡−𝑐
ε𝑡 = 0. 003( 𝑐
)
450𝑚𝑚 − 50.7293𝑚𝑚
ε𝑡 = 0. 003( 50.7293𝑚𝑚
)
ε𝑡 = 0. 02361

ε𝑡 > 0. 005 , 𝑇𝐸𝑁𝑆𝐼𝑂𝑁 − 𝐶𝑂𝑁𝑇𝑅𝑂𝐿𝐿𝐸𝐷 ∴ Ф = 0. 90

SOLVING FOR 𝑀𝑛
𝑎
𝑀𝑛 = 𝐶( 𝑑 − 2
)
𝑎
𝑀𝑛 = 0. 85𝑓𝑐 ⋅𝑎𝑏 ( 𝑑 − 2
)
43.1199
𝑀𝑛 = 0. 85(24) ⋅(43. 1199)(300) ( 450 − 2
)
𝑀𝑛 = 113062667. 7 𝑁⋅𝑚𝑚 = 113. 0627 𝑘𝑁⋅𝑚

SOLVING FOR Ф𝑀𝑛

𝑀𝑢 = Ф𝑀𝑛
𝑀𝑢 = 0. 9 ( 113. 0627 𝑘𝑁⋅𝑚)
𝑀𝑢 = 101. 7564 𝑘𝑁⋅𝑚

b.4. SUMMARY OF RECOMMENDED BEAM SIZES AND REINFORCEMENTS

BEAM PROPERTIES RECOMMENDED

BEAM DIMENSION 300𝑚𝑚 𝑥 550𝑚𝑚

LONGITUDINAL 20 𝑚𝑚 ∅ 𝑤𝑖𝑡ℎ 220𝑚𝑚 𝑠𝑝𝑎𝑐𝑖𝑛𝑔

REBARS
SHEAR 10 𝑚𝑚 ∅ 𝑤𝑖𝑡ℎ 220𝑚𝑚 𝑠𝑝𝑎𝑐𝑖𝑛𝑔

b.5. BEAM DETAILS

BEAM PROPERTIES RECOMMENDED

BEAM DIMENSION 300𝑚𝑚 𝑥 550𝑚𝑚

CONCRETE COVER 40𝑚𝑚

LONGITUDINAL 20 𝑚𝑚 ∅ 𝑤𝑖𝑡ℎ 220𝑚𝑚 𝑠𝑝𝑎𝑐𝑖𝑛𝑔

REBARS
SHEAR 10 𝑚𝑚 ∅ 𝑤𝑖𝑡ℎ 220𝑚𝑚 𝑠𝑝𝑎𝑐𝑖𝑛𝑔
 c. Design of Columns

c.1. CRITICAL LOADINGS

DESIGN FOR COLUMNS - ROOFDECK TO 4TH FLOOR

𝐿𝑂𝐴𝐷𝐼𝑁𝐺𝑆 𝐹𝑂𝑅 𝑉𝐸𝑅𝑇𝐼𝐶𝐴𝐿 (𝑅𝑂𝑂𝐹)

𝐿𝑂𝐴𝐷𝐼𝑁𝐺𝑆 𝐹𝑂𝑅 𝐻𝑂𝑅𝐼𝑍𝑂𝑁𝑇𝐴𝐿 (𝑅𝑂𝑂𝐹)

By analysis, the reaction in the point for the column in Line 3, Line B is seen
as:
𝑃𝐻𝑈 = 142. 575 𝑘𝑁
𝑃𝑉𝑈 = 115. 312 𝑘𝑁

𝑃𝑇𝑂𝑇𝐴𝐿 = 𝑃𝐻𝑈 + 𝑃𝑉𝑈

𝑃𝑇𝑂𝑇𝐴𝐿 = 142. 575 𝑘𝑁 + 115. 312 𝑘𝑁
𝑃𝑇𝑂𝑇𝐴𝐿 = 257. 887 𝑘𝑁

DESIGN FOR 𝐴𝑔 & 𝐴𝑆𝑇

𝐴𝑆𝑇
ρ = 𝐴𝐺

ρ = 0. 03
𝐴𝑆𝑇
0. 03 = 𝐴𝐺

0. 03𝐴𝑔 = 𝐴𝑆𝑇

SOLVING FOR 𝐴𝑔
𝑃𝑇𝑂𝑇𝐴𝐿 = 257. 887 𝑘𝑁 = 𝑃𝑈
𝑃𝑈 = ø𝑘𝑃𝑛 ø = 0. 65 , 𝑘 = 0. 80
𝑃𝑈 = ø𝑘[0. 85𝑓'𝑐(𝐴𝑔 − 𝐴𝑆𝑇) + 𝐴𝑆𝑇·𝑓𝑦]
𝑃𝑈 = 0. 65(0. 80)[0. 85(24)(𝐴𝑔 − 0. 03𝐴𝑔) + (0. 03𝐴𝑔)·(420)]
 257. 887(1000) = 0. 65(0. 80)[0. 85(24)(𝐴𝑔 − 0. 03𝐴𝑔) + (0. 03𝐴𝑔)·(420)]
2
𝐴𝑔 = 15312. 35453 𝑚𝑚

SOLVING AREA FOR COLUMN

2
𝐴𝑔 = 𝑏
2 2
15312. 35453 𝑚𝑚 = 𝑏
2
𝑏 = 123. 7431 𝑚𝑚 ≈ 125 𝑚𝑚 ≈ 300𝑚𝑚
2
𝐴𝑔 = (300𝑚𝑚)
2
𝐴𝑔 = (300𝑚𝑚)
2
𝐴𝑔 = 90000𝑚𝑚

SOLVING FOR 𝐴𝑆𝑇

Using the two equations to get for 𝐴𝑆𝑇
OPTION 1: Using 0. 03𝐴𝑔 = 𝐴𝑆𝑇

2
0. 03(90000𝑚𝑚 ) = 𝐴𝑆𝑇
2
𝐴𝑆𝑇 = 2700𝑚𝑚

OPTION 2: Using 𝑃𝑈 = ø𝑘[0. 85𝑓'𝑐(𝐴𝑔 − 𝐴𝑆𝑇) + 𝐴𝑆𝑇·𝑓𝑦]

257. 887(1000) = 0. 65(0. 80)[0. 85(24)(90000 − 𝐴𝑆𝑇) + 𝐴𝑆𝑇·(420)]

2
𝐴𝑆𝑇 = − 3353. 5122𝑚𝑚

Choosing the highest value of 𝐴𝑆𝑇 we get that:

2
𝐴𝑆𝑇 = 2700𝑚𝑚

SOLVING FOR 𝑛
Using 25𝑚𝑚Ø:
𝐴𝑠
𝑛= 𝐴𝑏
2
2700𝑚𝑚
𝑛= π 2
4
(25𝑚𝑚)

𝑛 = 5. 5003 ≈ 8 𝑝𝑐𝑠
SOLVING FOR 𝑆
𝐷𝑖𝑚𝑒𝑛𝑠𝑖𝑜𝑛 = 2(𝑆) + 2(𝑑𝑏) + 2(𝑑𝑆𝑇) + 2𝐶𝐶
300𝑚𝑚 = 2(𝑆) + 2(25𝑚𝑚) + 2(10𝑚𝑚) + 2(40𝑚𝑚)
𝑆 = 62. 5𝑚𝑚
 SOLVING FOR 𝑆𝑀𝐼𝑁

𝑆𝑀𝐼𝑁 = 1. 5𝑑𝑏
𝑆𝑀𝐼𝑁 = 1. 5(25𝑚𝑚)
𝑆𝑀𝐼𝑁 = 40𝑚𝑚
𝑆𝑀𝐼𝑁 = 37. 5𝑚𝑚

Choosing the highest value for 𝑆, we get that:

𝑆 = 62. 5𝑚𝑚

FOR TRANSVERSE REINFORCEMENTS

USING 10𝑚𝑚Ø:
SOLVING FOR 𝑆𝑀𝐴𝑋

𝑆𝑀𝐴𝑋 = 16 𝑑𝑏 𝑆𝑀𝐴𝑋 = 48 𝑑𝑡 𝑆𝑀𝐴𝑋 = 𝐿𝐸𝐴𝑆𝑇 𝐶𝑂𝐿𝑈𝑀𝑁 𝐷𝐼𝑀

𝑆𝑀𝐴𝑋 = 16 (25𝑚𝑚) 𝑆𝑀𝐴𝑋 = 48 (10𝑚𝑚) 𝑆𝑀𝐴𝑋 = 300𝑚𝑚
𝑆𝑀𝐴𝑋 = 400𝑚𝑚 𝑆𝑀𝐴𝑋 = 480𝑚𝑚

Choosing the lowest value for 𝑆𝑀𝐴𝑋, we get that:

𝑆 = 300𝑚𝑚

c.1. CRITICAL LOADINGS

DESIGN FOR COLUMNS - 4TH FLOOR TO 3RD FLOOR

𝐿𝑂𝐴𝐷𝐼𝑁𝐺𝑆 𝐹𝑂𝑅 𝑉𝐸𝑅𝑇𝐼𝐶𝐴𝐿 (𝐹𝐿𝑂𝑂𝑅𝑆)

𝐿𝑂𝐴𝐷𝐼𝑁𝐺𝑆 𝐹𝑂𝑅 𝐻𝑂𝑅𝐼𝑍𝑂𝑁𝑇𝐴𝐿 (𝐹𝐿𝑂𝑂𝑅𝑆)

By analysis, the reaction in the point for the column in Line 3, Line B is seen
as:
 𝑃𝐻𝑈 = 155. 360 𝑘𝑁
𝑃𝑉𝑈 = 115. 312 𝑘𝑁
𝑃𝑅𝑂𝑂𝐹 𝐶𝑂𝐿𝑈𝑀𝑁 = 257. 887 𝑘𝑁
𝑘𝑁
𝑃𝐶𝑂𝐿𝑈𝑀𝑁 𝐷𝐿 = 1. 2(0. 3𝑚 𝑥 0. 3𝑚 𝑥 3. 15𝑚)(23. 6 3 ) = 8. 0287 𝑘𝑁
𝑚

𝑃𝑇𝑂𝑇𝐴𝐿 = 𝑃𝐻𝑈 + 𝑃𝑉𝑈 + 𝑃𝑅𝑂𝑂𝐹 𝐶𝑂𝐿𝑈𝑀𝑁 +

𝑃𝑇𝑂𝑇𝐴𝐿 = 155. 360 𝑘𝑁 + 115. 312 𝑘𝑁 + 257. 887 𝑘𝑁 + 8. 0287 𝑘𝑁
𝑃𝑇𝑂𝑇𝐴𝐿 = 536. 5867 𝑘𝑁

DESIGN FOR 𝐴𝑔 & 𝐴𝑆𝑇

𝐴𝑆𝑇
ρ = 𝐴𝐺

ρ = 0. 03
𝐴𝑆𝑇
0. 03 = 𝐴𝐺

0. 03𝐴𝑔 = 𝐴𝑆𝑇

SOLVING FOR 𝐴𝑔
𝑃𝑇𝑂𝑇𝐴𝐿 = 536. 5867 𝑘𝑁 = 𝑃𝑈
𝑃𝑈 = ø𝑘𝑃𝑛 ø = 0. 65 , 𝑘 = 0. 80
𝑃𝑈 = ø𝑘[0. 85𝑓'𝑐(𝐴𝑔 − 𝐴𝑆𝑇) + 𝐴𝑆𝑇·𝑓𝑦]
𝑃𝑈 = 0. 65(0. 80)[0. 85(24)(𝐴𝑔 − 0. 03𝐴𝑔) + (0. 03𝐴𝑔)·(420)]
536. 5867(1000) = 0. 65(0. 80)[0. 85(24)(𝐴𝑔 − 0. 03𝐴𝑔) + (0. 03𝐴𝑔)·(420)]
2
𝐴𝑔 = 31860. 4885 𝑚𝑚

SOLVING AREA FOR COLUMN

2
𝐴𝑔 = 𝑏
2 2
31860. 4885 𝑚𝑚 = 𝑏
2
𝑏 = 178. 4950 𝑚𝑚 ≈ 180 𝑚𝑚 ≈ 300𝑚𝑚
2
𝐴𝑔 = (300𝑚𝑚)
2
𝐴𝑔 = (300𝑚𝑚)
2
𝐴𝑔 = 90000𝑚𝑚

SOLVING FOR 𝐴𝑆𝑇

Using the two equations to get for 𝐴𝑆𝑇
OPTION 1: Using 0. 03𝐴𝑔 = 𝐴𝑆𝑇
 2
0. 03(90000𝑚𝑚 ) = 𝐴𝑆𝑇
2
𝐴𝑆𝑇 = 2700𝑚𝑚

OPTION 2: Using 𝑃𝑈 = ø𝑘[0. 85𝑓'𝑐(𝐴𝑔 − 𝐴𝑆𝑇) + 𝐴𝑆𝑇·𝑓𝑦]

536. 5867(1000) = 0. 65(0. 80)[0. 85(24)(90000 − 𝐴𝑆𝑇) + 𝐴𝑆𝑇·(420)]

2
𝐴𝑆𝑇 = − 2012. 2685𝑚𝑚

Choosing the highest value of 𝐴𝑆𝑇 we get that:

2
𝐴𝑆𝑇 = 2700𝑚𝑚

c.2. FOR LONGITUDINAL REINFORCEMENTS

SOLVING FOR 𝑛
Using 25𝑚𝑚Ø:
𝐴𝑠
𝑛= 𝐴𝑏
2
2700𝑚𝑚
𝑛= π 2
4
(25𝑚𝑚)

𝑛 = 5. 5003 ≈ 8 𝑝𝑐𝑠
SOLVING FOR 𝑆
𝐷𝑖𝑚𝑒𝑛𝑠𝑖𝑜𝑛 = 2(𝑆) + 2(𝑑𝑏) + 2(𝑑𝑆𝑇) + 2𝐶𝐶
300𝑚𝑚 = 2(𝑆) + 2(25𝑚𝑚) + 2(10𝑚𝑚) + 2(40𝑚𝑚)
𝑆 = 62. 5𝑚𝑚

SOLVING FOR 𝑆𝑀𝐼𝑁

𝑆𝑀𝐼𝑁 = 1. 5𝑑𝑏
𝑆𝑀𝐼𝑁 = 1. 5(25𝑚𝑚)
𝑆𝑀𝐼𝑁 = 40𝑚𝑚
𝑆𝑀𝐼𝑁 = 37. 5𝑚𝑚

Choosing the highest value for 𝑆, we get that:

𝑆 = 62. 5𝑚𝑚
 c.3. FOR TRANSVERSE REINFORCEMENTS

USING 10𝑚𝑚Ø:
SOLVING FOR 𝑆𝑀𝐴𝑋

𝑆𝑀𝐴𝑋 = 16 𝑑𝑏 𝑆𝑀𝐴𝑋 = 48 𝑑𝑡 𝑆𝑀𝐴𝑋 = 𝐿𝐸𝐴𝑆𝑇 𝐶𝑂𝐿𝑈𝑀𝑁 𝐷𝐼𝑀

𝑆𝑀𝐴𝑋 = 16 (25𝑚𝑚) 𝑆𝑀𝐴𝑋 = 48 (10𝑚𝑚) 𝑆𝑀𝐴𝑋 = 300𝑚𝑚
𝑆𝑀𝐴𝑋 = 400𝑚𝑚 𝑆𝑀𝐴𝑋 = 480𝑚𝑚

Choosing the lowest value for 𝑆𝑀𝐴𝑋, we get that:

𝑆 = 300𝑚𝑚

c.1. CRITICAL LOADINGS

DESIGN FOR COLUMNS - 3RD FLOOR TO 2ND FLOOR

𝐿𝑂𝐴𝐷𝐼𝑁𝐺𝑆 𝐹𝑂𝑅 𝑉𝐸𝑅𝑇𝐼𝐶𝐴𝐿 (𝐹𝐿𝑂𝑂𝑅𝑆)

𝐿𝑂𝐴𝐷𝐼𝑁𝐺𝑆 𝐹𝑂𝑅 𝐻𝑂𝑅𝐼𝑍𝑂𝑁𝑇𝐴𝐿 (𝐹𝐿𝑂𝑂𝑅𝑆)

By analysis, the reaction in the point for the column in Line 3, Line B is seen as:
𝑃𝐻𝑈 = 155. 360 𝑘𝑁
𝑃𝑉𝑈 = 115. 312 𝑘𝑁
𝑃𝑅𝑂𝑂𝐹 𝐶𝑂𝐿𝑈𝑀𝑁 = 536. 5867 𝑘𝑁
𝑘𝑁
𝑃𝐶𝑂𝐿𝑈𝑀𝑁 𝐷𝐿 = 1. 2(0. 3𝑚 𝑥 0. 3𝑚 𝑥 3. 15𝑚)(23. 6 3 ) = 8. 0287 𝑘𝑁
𝑚

𝑃𝑇𝑂𝑇𝐴𝐿 = 𝑃𝐻𝑈 + 𝑃𝑉𝑈 + 𝑃𝑅𝑂𝑂𝐹 𝐶𝑂𝐿𝑈𝑀𝑁 +

𝑃𝑇𝑂𝑇𝐴𝐿 = 155. 360 𝑘𝑁 + 115. 312 𝑘𝑁 + 536. 5867 𝑘𝑁 + 8. 0287 𝑘𝑁
𝑃𝑇𝑂𝑇𝐴𝐿 = 802. 50244 𝑘𝑁
DESIGN FOR 𝐴𝑔 & 𝐴𝑆𝑇
𝐴𝑆𝑇
ρ = 𝐴𝐺

ρ = 0. 03
𝐴𝑆𝑇
0. 03 = 𝐴𝐺

0. 03𝐴𝑔 = 𝐴𝑆𝑇

SOLVING FOR 𝐴𝑔
𝑃𝑇𝑂𝑇𝐴𝐿 = 802. 50244 𝑘𝑁 = 𝑃𝑈
𝑃𝑈 = ø𝑘𝑃𝑛 ø = 0. 65 , 𝑘 = 0. 80
𝑃𝑈 = ø𝑘[0. 85𝑓'𝑐(𝐴𝑔 − 𝐴𝑆𝑇) + 𝐴𝑆𝑇·𝑓𝑦]
𝑃𝑈 = 0. 65(0. 80)[0. 85(24)(𝐴𝑔 − 0. 03𝐴𝑔) + (0. 03𝐴𝑔)·(420)]
802. 50244(1000) = 0. 65(0. 80)[0. 85(24)(𝐴𝑔 − 0. 03𝐴𝑔) + (0. 03𝐴𝑔)·(420)]
2
𝐴𝑔 = 47649. 55919 𝑚𝑚

SOLVING AREA FOR COLUMN

2
𝐴𝑔 = 𝑏
2 2
47649. 55919 𝑚𝑚 = 𝑏
2
𝑏 = 218. 2877 𝑚𝑚 ≈ 220 𝑚𝑚 ≈ 300𝑚𝑚
2
𝐴𝑔 = (300𝑚𝑚)
2
𝐴𝑔 = (300𝑚𝑚)
2
𝐴𝑔 = 90000𝑚𝑚

SOLVING FOR 𝐴𝑆𝑇

Using the two equations to get for 𝐴𝑆𝑇
OPTION 1: Using 0. 03𝐴𝑔 = 𝐴𝑆𝑇

2
0. 03(90000𝑚𝑚 ) = 𝐴𝑆𝑇
2
𝐴𝑆𝑇 = 2700𝑚𝑚

OPTION 2: Using 𝑃𝑈 = ø𝑘[0. 85𝑓'𝑐(𝐴𝑔 − 𝐴𝑆𝑇) + 𝐴𝑆𝑇·𝑓𝑦]

536. 5867(1000) = 0. 65(0. 80)[0. 85(24)(90000 − 𝐴𝑆𝑇) + 𝐴𝑆𝑇·(420)]

2
𝐴𝑆𝑇 = − 732. 54774𝑚𝑚
 Choosing the highest value of 𝐴𝑆𝑇 we get that:
2
𝐴𝑆𝑇 = 2700𝑚𝑚

c.2. FOR LONGITUDINAL REINFORCEMENTS

SOLVING FOR 𝑛
Using 25𝑚𝑚Ø:
𝐴𝑠
𝑛= 𝐴𝑏
2
2700𝑚𝑚
𝑛= π 2
4
(25𝑚𝑚)

𝑛 = 5. 5003 ≈ 8 𝑝𝑐𝑠
SOLVING FOR 𝑆
𝑏 = 2(𝑆) + 2(𝑑𝑏) + 2(𝑑𝑆𝑇) + 2𝐶𝐶
300𝑚𝑚 = 2(𝑆) + 2(25𝑚𝑚) + 2(10𝑚𝑚) + 2(40𝑚𝑚)
𝑆 = 62. 5𝑚𝑚

SOLVING FOR 𝑆𝑀𝐼𝑁

𝑆𝑀𝐼𝑁 = 1. 5𝑑𝑏
𝑆𝑀𝐼𝑁 = 1. 5(25𝑚𝑚)
𝑆𝑀𝐼𝑁 = 40𝑚𝑚
𝑆𝑀𝐼𝑁 = 37. 5𝑚𝑚

Choosing the highest value for 𝑆, we get that:

𝑆 = 62. 5𝑚𝑚

c.3. FOR TRANSVERSE REINFORCEMENTS

USING 10𝑚𝑚Ø:
SOLVING FOR 𝑆𝑀𝐴𝑋

𝑆𝑀𝐴𝑋 = 16 𝑑𝑏 𝑆𝑀𝐴𝑋 = 48 𝑑𝑡 𝑆𝑀𝐴𝑋 = 𝐿𝐸𝐴𝑆𝑇 𝐶𝑂𝐿𝑈𝑀𝑁 𝐷𝐼𝑀

𝑆𝑀𝐴𝑋 = 16 (25𝑚𝑚) 𝑆𝑀𝐴𝑋 = 48 (10𝑚𝑚) 𝑆𝑀𝐴𝑋 = 300𝑚𝑚
𝑆𝑀𝐴𝑋 = 400𝑚𝑚 𝑆𝑀𝐴𝑋 = 480𝑚𝑚

Choosing the lowest value for 𝑆𝑀𝐴𝑋, we get that:

𝑆 = 300𝑚𝑚
 c.1. CRITICAL LOADINGS

DESIGN FOR COLUMNS - 2ND FLOOR TO GROUND

𝐿𝑂𝐴𝐷𝐼𝑁𝐺𝑆 𝐹𝑂𝑅 𝑉𝐸𝑅𝑇𝐼𝐶𝐴𝐿 (𝐹𝐿𝑂𝑂𝑅𝑆)

𝐿𝑂𝐴𝐷𝐼𝑁𝐺𝑆 𝐹𝑂𝑅 𝐻𝑂𝑅𝐼𝑍𝑂𝑁𝑇𝐴𝐿 (𝐹𝐿𝑂𝑂𝑅𝑆)

By analysis, the reaction in the point for the column in Line 3, Line B is seen
as:
𝑃𝐻𝑈 = 155. 360 𝑘𝑁
𝑃𝑉𝑈 = 115. 312 𝑘𝑁
𝑃𝑅𝑂𝑂𝐹 𝐶𝑂𝐿𝑈𝑀𝑁 = 802. 50244 𝑘𝑁
𝑘𝑁
𝑃𝐶𝑂𝐿𝑈𝑀𝑁 𝐷𝐿 = 1. 2(0. 3𝑚 𝑥 0. 3𝑚 𝑥 3. 15𝑚)(23. 6 3 ) = 8. 0287 𝑘𝑁
𝑚

𝑃𝑇𝑂𝑇𝐴𝐿 = 𝑃𝐻𝑈 + 𝑃𝑉𝑈 + 𝑃𝑅𝑂𝑂𝐹 𝐶𝑂𝐿𝑈𝑀𝑁 +

𝑃𝑇𝑂𝑇𝐴𝐿 = 155. 360 𝑘𝑁 + 115. 312 𝑘𝑁 + 802. 50244 𝑘𝑁 + 8. 0287 𝑘𝑁
𝑃𝑇𝑂𝑇𝐴𝐿 = 1068. 41816 𝑘𝑁

DESIGN FOR 𝐴𝑔 & 𝐴𝑆𝑇

𝐴𝑆𝑇
ρ = 𝐴𝐺

ρ = 0. 03
𝐴𝑆𝑇
0. 03 = 𝐴𝐺

0. 03𝐴𝑔 = 𝐴𝑆𝑇

SOLVING FOR 𝐴𝑔
𝑃𝑇𝑂𝑇𝐴𝐿 = 1068. 41816 𝑘𝑁 = 𝑃𝑈
𝑃𝑈 = ø𝑘𝑃𝑛 ø = 0. 65 , 𝑘 = 0. 80
𝑃𝑈 = ø𝑘[0. 85𝑓'𝑐(𝐴𝑔 − 𝐴𝑆𝑇) + 𝐴𝑆𝑇·𝑓𝑦]
𝑃𝑈 = 0. 65(0. 80)[0. 85(24)(𝐴𝑔 − 0. 03𝐴𝑔) + (0. 03𝐴𝑔)·(420)]
1068. 41816(1000) = 0. 65(0. 80)[0. 85(24)(𝐴𝑔 − 0. 03𝐴𝑔) + (0. 03𝐴𝑔)·(420)]
2
𝐴𝑔 = 63438. 62874 𝑚𝑚

SOLVING AREA FOR COLUMN

2
𝐴𝑔 = 𝑏
2 2
63438. 62874 𝑚𝑚 = 𝑏
2
𝑏 = 251. 8703 𝑚𝑚 ≈ 260 𝑚𝑚 ≈ 300𝑚𝑚
2
𝐴𝑔 = (300𝑚𝑚)
2
𝐴𝑔 = (300𝑚𝑚)
2
𝐴𝑔 = 90000𝑚𝑚

SOLVING FOR 𝐴𝑆𝑇

Using the two equations to get for 𝐴𝑆𝑇
OPTION 1: Using 0. 03𝐴𝑔 = 𝐴𝑆𝑇

2
0. 03(90000𝑚𝑚 ) = 𝐴𝑆𝑇
2
𝐴𝑆𝑇 = 2700𝑚𝑚

OPTION 2: Using 𝑃𝑈 = ø𝑘[0. 85𝑓'𝑐(𝐴𝑔 − 𝐴𝑆𝑇) + 𝐴𝑆𝑇·𝑓𝑦]

1068. 41816(1000) = 0. 65(0. 80)[0. 85(24)(90000 − 𝐴𝑆𝑇) + 𝐴𝑆𝑇·(420)]

2
𝐴𝑆𝑇 = 547. 1729𝑚𝑚

Choosing the highest value of 𝐴𝑆𝑇 we get that:

2
𝐴𝑆𝑇 = 2700𝑚𝑚

c.2. FOR LONGITUDINAL REINFORCEMENTS

SOLVING FOR 𝑛
Using 25𝑚𝑚Ø:
𝐴𝑠
𝑛= 𝐴𝑏
2
2700𝑚𝑚
𝑛= π 2
4
(25𝑚𝑚)

𝑛 = 5. 5003 ≈ 8 𝑝𝑐𝑠
SOLVING FOR 𝑆
𝐷𝑖𝑚𝑒𝑛𝑠𝑖𝑜𝑛 = 2(𝑆) + 2(𝑑𝑏) + 2(𝑑𝑆𝑇) + 2𝐶𝐶
300𝑚𝑚 = 2(𝑆) + 2(25𝑚𝑚) + 2(10𝑚𝑚) + 2(40𝑚𝑚)
𝑆 = 62. 5𝑚𝑚
 SOLVING FOR 𝑆𝑀𝐼𝑁

𝑆𝑀𝐼𝑁 = 1. 5𝑑𝑏
𝑆𝑀𝐼𝑁 = 1. 5(25𝑚𝑚)
𝑆𝑀𝐼𝑁 = 40𝑚𝑚
𝑆𝑀𝐼𝑁 = 37. 5𝑚𝑚

Choosing the highest value for 𝑆, we get that:

𝑆 = 62. 5𝑚𝑚

c.3. FOR TRANSVERSE REINFORCEMENTS

USING 10𝑚𝑚Ø:
SOLVING FOR 𝑆𝑀𝐴𝑋

𝑆𝑀𝐴𝑋 = 16 𝑑𝑏 𝑆𝑀𝐴𝑋 = 48 𝑑𝑡 𝑆𝑀𝐴𝑋 = 𝐿𝐸𝐴𝑆𝑇 𝐶𝑂𝐿𝑈𝑀𝑁 𝐷𝐼𝑀

𝑆𝑀𝐴𝑋 = 16 (25𝑚𝑚) 𝑆𝑀𝐴𝑋 = 48 (10𝑚𝑚) 𝑆𝑀𝐴𝑋 = 300𝑚𝑚
𝑆𝑀𝐴𝑋 = 400𝑚𝑚 𝑆𝑀𝐴𝑋 = 480𝑚𝑚

Choosing the lowest value for 𝑆𝑀𝐴𝑋, we get that:

𝑆 = 300𝑚𝑚

CALCULATION FOR MAXIMUM BENDING OF COLUMNS

SOLVE FOR 𝑃𝑢
𝑃𝑢 = Ф𝑘[ 𝑃𝑐 + 𝑃𝑠]
𝑃𝑢 = Ф𝑘[ 0. 85𝑓'𝑐(𝐴𝑔 − 𝐴𝑆𝑇) + 𝐴𝑆𝑇·𝑓𝑦]
2 𝜋 2 𝜋 2
𝑃𝑢 = 0. 65(0. 8)[ 0. 85(24)(300 − 8[ 4 (25 )]) + 420(8)( 4 (25 ))]
𝑃𝑢 = 1770717. 276 𝑁 = 1770. 7173 𝑘𝑁

SOLVE FOR 𝑀𝑢 [ 𝑒 = 10% = 0. 1 ]

𝑀𝑢 = 𝑃𝑢 · 𝑒
𝑀𝑢 = 1770. 7173 𝑘𝑁 (0. 1)
𝑀𝑢 = 177. 0717 𝑘𝑁
 In checking for the conditions set for Mu for columns, Column bending
capacity shall be greater than 1.2 times the bending capacity of beam at any joint of the
frame considered.

𝑀𝑢𝐵𝐸𝐴𝑀 = 101. 7564 𝑘𝑁⋅𝑚

𝑀𝑢𝐶𝑂𝐿𝑈𝑀𝑁 = 177. 0717 𝑘𝑁

𝑀𝑢𝐶𝑂𝐿𝑈𝑀𝑁 > 1. 2 𝑀𝑢𝐵𝐸𝐴𝑀

177. 0717 𝑘𝑁 > 1. 2(101. 7564 𝑘𝑁⋅𝑚)

177. 0717 𝑘𝑁 > 122. 10768 𝑘𝑁⋅𝑚 ∴ 𝐶𝑜𝑛𝑑𝑖𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛𝑠 𝑎𝑟𝑒 𝑠𝑒𝑡𝑡𝑙𝑒𝑑

c.4. COLUMN INTERACTION DIAGRAM [ in METRIC Units ]

c.5. SUMMARY OF RECOMMENDED COLUMN SIZES AND REINFORCEMENTS

COLUMN PROPERTIES RECOMMENDED

BEAM DIMENSION 125𝑚𝑚 𝑥 125𝑚𝑚

LONGITUDINAL 25 𝑚𝑚 ∅ 𝑤𝑖𝑡ℎ 62. 5𝑚𝑚 𝑠𝑝𝑎𝑐𝑖𝑛𝑔

REBARS
LATERAL 10 𝑚𝑚 ∅ 𝑤𝑖𝑡ℎ 300𝑚𝑚 𝑠𝑝𝑎𝑐𝑖𝑛𝑔

c.6. COLUMN DETAILS

COLUMN PROPERTIES DIMENSION AND SPACING

BEAM DIMENSION 300𝑚𝑚 𝑥 300𝑚𝑚

CONCRETE COVER 40𝑚𝑚

LONGITUDINAL 8 − 25 𝑚𝑚 ∅ 𝑤𝑖𝑡ℎ 62. 5𝑚𝑚 𝑠𝑝𝑎𝑐𝑖𝑛𝑔

REBARS
LATERAL 10 𝑚𝑚 ∅ 𝑤𝑖𝑡ℎ 300𝑚𝑚 𝑠𝑝𝑎𝑐𝑖𝑛𝑔
 d. Design of Footing

d.1. CRITICAL LOADING FROM ANALYSIS

In the analysis of the Point load for footing, we must solve for the total service
loads of all columns in the critical section( found to be located in Line 3, Line B )
where it is the summation of each of their Dead Load and Live Load.

LOADINGS FOR ROOF (DEAD LOADS)

𝑅𝐸𝐴𝐶𝑇𝐼𝑂𝑁 𝑂𝐹 𝐶𝑂𝐿𝑈𝑀𝑁𝑆 𝐼𝑁 𝐿𝐼𝑁𝐸 𝐵 (𝑅𝑂𝑂𝐹 𝐷𝐸𝐶𝐾)

𝑅𝐸𝐴𝐶𝑇𝐼𝑂𝑁 𝑂𝐹 𝐶𝑂𝐿𝑈𝑀𝑁𝑆 𝐼𝑁 𝐿𝐼𝑁𝐸 3 (𝑅𝑂𝑂𝐹 𝐷𝐸𝐶𝐾)

LOADINGS FOR ROOF (LIVE LOADS)

𝑅𝐸𝐴𝐶𝑇𝐼𝑂𝑁 𝑂𝐹 𝐶𝑂𝐿𝑈𝑀𝑁𝑆 𝐼𝑁 𝐿𝐼𝑁𝐸 𝐵 (𝑅𝑂𝑂𝐹 𝐷𝐸𝐶𝐾)

𝑅𝐸𝐴𝐶𝑇𝐼𝑂𝑁 𝑂𝐹 𝐶𝑂𝐿𝑈𝑀𝑁𝑆 𝐼𝑁 𝐿𝐼𝑁𝐸 3 (𝑅𝑂𝑂𝐹 𝐷𝐸𝐶𝐾)

By analysis, the total Dead and Live load of Line B and Line 3 for the Roof Deck are
as follows:

𝐿𝐼𝑁𝐸 𝐵 + 𝐿𝐼𝑁𝐸 3 𝑇𝑂𝑇𝐴𝐿 𝐿𝑂𝐴𝐷

𝐷𝐸𝐴𝐷 𝐿𝑂𝐴𝐷 90. 579 𝑘𝑁 + 70. 173 𝑘𝑁 160. 752 𝑘𝑁

𝐿𝐼𝑉𝐸 𝐿𝑂𝐴𝐷 21. 175 𝑘𝑁 + 19. 44𝑘𝑁 40. 618 𝑘𝑁

LOADINGS FOR FLOORS (DEAD LOADS)

 𝑅𝐸𝐴𝐶𝑇𝐼𝑂𝑁 𝑂𝐹 𝐶𝑂𝐿𝑈𝑀𝑁𝑆 𝐼𝑁 𝐿𝐼𝑁𝐸 𝐵 (2𝑁𝐷, 3𝑅𝐷 4𝑇𝐻 𝐹𝐿𝑂𝑂𝑅)

𝑅𝐸𝐴𝐶𝑇𝐼𝑂𝑁 𝑂𝐹 𝐶𝑂𝐿𝑈𝑀𝑁𝑆 𝐼𝑁 𝐿𝐼𝑁𝐸 3 (2𝑁𝐷, 3𝑅𝐷 4𝑇𝐻 𝐹𝐿𝑂𝑂𝑅)

LOADINGS FOR FLOORS (LIVE LOADS)

𝑅𝐸𝐴𝐶𝑇𝐼𝑂𝑁 𝑂𝐹 𝐶𝑂𝐿𝑈𝑀𝑁𝑆 𝐼𝑁 𝐿𝐼𝑁𝐸 𝐵 (2𝑁𝐷, 3𝑅𝐷 4𝑇𝐻 𝐹𝐿𝑂𝑂𝑅)

𝑅𝐸𝐴𝐶𝑇𝐼𝑂𝑁 𝑂𝐹 𝐶𝑂𝐿𝑈𝑀𝑁𝑆 𝐼𝑁 𝐿𝐼𝑁𝐸 3 (2𝑁𝐷, 3𝑅𝐷 4𝑇𝐻 𝐹𝐿𝑂𝑂𝑅)

By analysis, the total Dead and Live load of Line B and Line 3 for Ground, 2nd, 3rd
and 4th Floors are are as follows:

𝐿𝐼𝑁𝐸 𝐵 + 𝐿𝐼𝑁𝐸 3 𝑇𝑂𝑇𝐴𝐿 𝐿𝑂𝐴𝐷

𝐷𝐸𝐴𝐷 𝐿𝑂𝐴𝐷 101. 233 𝑘𝑁 + 70. 173 𝑘𝑁 171. 406 𝑘𝑁

𝐿𝐼𝑉𝐸 𝐿𝑂𝐴𝐷 21. 175 𝑘𝑁 + 19. 44𝑘𝑁 40. 618 𝑘𝑁

For the Total Loading to be applied on the Column of the Footing, we must add every
Floor and Roof Dead and Live Load as follows:

TYPE OF LOAD 𝑇𝑂𝑇𝐴𝐿 𝐿𝑂𝐴𝐷

DEAD LOAD 160. 752 𝑘𝑁

ROOF LOAD
LIVE LOAD 40. 615 𝑘𝑁

DEAD LOAD 332. 158 𝑘𝑁

4TH FLOOR
 LIVE LOAD 81. 23 𝑘𝑁

DEAD LOAD 503. 564 𝑘𝑁

3RD FLOOR
LIVE LOAD 121. 845 𝑘𝑁

DEAD LOAD 674. 97 𝑘𝑁

2ND FLOOR
LIVE LOAD 162. 46 𝑘𝑁

DEAD LOAD 846. 376 𝑘𝑁

GROUND FLOOR
LIVE LOAD 203. 075 𝑘𝑁

𝑇𝑂𝑇𝐴𝐿 𝐷𝐸𝐴𝐷 𝐿𝑂𝐴𝐷 = 846. 376 𝑘𝑁

𝑇𝑂𝑇𝐴𝐿 𝐿𝐼𝑉𝐸 𝐿𝑂𝐴𝐷 = 203. 075 𝑘𝑁

d.2. CALCULATION OF REINFORCEMENT

SOLVING FOR 𝑃𝑈
𝑃𝑈 = 1. 2𝐷𝐿𝑆 + 1. 6𝐿𝐿𝑆
𝑊𝑈 = 1. 2(846. 376 𝑘𝑁) + 1. 6(203. 075𝑘𝑁)
𝑊𝑈 = 1340. 5712 𝑘𝑁

Assuming the following data:

𝑞𝑎𝑙𝑙𝑜𝑤𝑎𝑏𝑙𝑒 = 200 𝑘𝑃𝑎

𝑡𝐶𝑜𝑛𝑐𝑟𝑒𝑡𝑒 = 0. 5𝑚
𝑡𝑆𝑜𝑖𝑙 = 1. 5𝑚
𝑘𝑁
ɣ𝑆 = 18 3
𝑚

SOLVING FOR 𝑞𝑒𝑓𝑓𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑣𝑒

𝑞𝑒𝑓𝑓𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑣𝑒 = 𝑞𝑎𝑙𝑙𝑜𝑤𝑎𝑏𝑙𝑒 − ɣ𝑐⋅𝑡𝐶𝑜𝑛𝑐𝑟𝑒𝑡𝑒 − ɣ𝑆⋅𝑡𝑆𝑜𝑖𝑙
𝑘𝑁 𝑘𝑁
𝑞𝑒𝑓𝑓𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑣𝑒 = 200𝑘𝑃𝑎 − (23. 6 3 )(0. 5𝑚) − (18 3 )(1. 5𝑚)
𝑚 𝑚
𝑞𝑒𝑓𝑓𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑣𝑒 = 161. 2 𝑘𝑃𝑎

SOLVING FOR 𝐷𝑖𝑚𝑒𝑛𝑠𝑖𝑜𝑛𝑠 𝑜𝑓 𝐹𝑜𝑜𝑡𝑖𝑛𝑔

𝑃𝐷𝐿 + 𝑃𝐿𝐿
𝐴𝑟𝑒𝑎 = 𝑞𝑒𝑓𝑓𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑣𝑒
845.376 𝑘𝑁 + 203.075 𝑘𝑁
𝐴𝑟𝑒𝑎 = 161.2 𝑘𝑃𝑎
 2
𝐴𝑟𝑒𝑎 = 6. 4916𝑚

Assume 𝑆𝑞𝑢𝑎𝑟𝑒 𝐹𝑜𝑜𝑡𝑖𝑛𝑔

2
𝐴𝑟𝑒𝑎 = 𝑏
2 2
𝑏 = 6. 4916𝑚
𝑏 = 2. 5478 𝑚 ≈ 3𝑚

𝐷𝐼𝑀𝐸𝑁𝑆𝐼𝑂𝑁 𝑂𝐹 𝐹𝑂𝑂𝑇𝐼𝑁𝐺 = 3𝑚 𝑥 3𝑚

SOLVING FOR 𝑞𝑢
𝑃𝑈
𝑞𝑢 = 𝐴𝑟𝑒𝑎𝐹𝑇𝐺
1340.5712 𝑘𝑁
𝑞𝑢 = 3𝑚 𝑥 3𝑚
𝑞𝑢 = 148. 9524 𝑘𝑃𝑎

SOLVING UNDER 𝑂𝑁𝐸 𝑊𝐴𝑌 𝑆𝐻𝐸𝐴𝑅

SOLVING FOR 𝑑
𝑑𝑏
𝑑 = 𝑡 − 𝐶𝐶 − 2
𝐶𝐶 = 75𝑚𝑚
𝑑𝑏 = 25𝑚𝑚
25𝑚𝑚
𝑑 = 500𝑚𝑚 − 75𝑚𝑚 − 2
𝑑 = 412. 5𝑚𝑚

SOLVING FOR 𝑥
𝑏𝐹𝑂𝑂𝑇𝐼𝑁𝐺 𝑏𝐶𝑂𝐿𝑈𝑀𝑁
𝑥 = 2
− 2
−𝑑
3𝑚 0.3𝑚
𝑥 = 2
− 2
− 0. 4125𝑚
𝑥 = 0. 9375𝑚

SOLVING FOR 𝑉𝑈
𝑉𝑈 = 𝑞𝑢⋅𝑥⋅𝑙
𝑉𝑈 = 148. 9524 𝑘𝑃𝑎 ( 0. 9375𝑚 )( 3𝑚 )
𝑉𝑈 = 418. 9286 𝑘𝑁

SOLVING FOR Φ𝑉𝐶

Φ𝑉𝐶 = 0. 75[0. 17𝜆√(𝑓'𝑐)⋅𝑏⋅𝑑]
Φ𝑉𝐶 = 0. 75[0. 17(1)[√(24)](3000𝑚𝑚)(412. 5𝑚𝑚)]
Φ𝑉𝐶 = 772. 9671 𝑘𝑁
 Φ𝑉𝐶 > 𝑉𝑈 ∴ 𝑆𝐴𝐹𝐸 𝐴𝐺𝐴𝐼𝑁𝑆𝑇 𝑊𝐼𝐷𝐸 𝐵𝐸𝐴𝑀 𝑆𝐻𝐸𝐴𝑅

SOLVING FOR 𝑉𝑁
𝑉𝑈
𝑉𝑁 = Φ𝑏𝑑
418.9286 𝑘𝑁
𝑉𝑁 = 0.75(3𝑚)(0.4125𝑚)
𝑉𝑁 = 451. 3709 𝑘𝑁

SOLVING UNDER 𝑇𝑊𝑂 𝑊𝐴𝑌 𝑆𝐻𝐸𝐴𝑅

SOLVING FOR 𝑏𝑂
ℎ + 𝑑 = 300𝑚𝑚 + 412. 5𝑚𝑚
ℎ + 𝑑 = 712. 5𝑚𝑚
𝑏𝑜 = 4(ℎ + 𝑑)
𝑏𝑜 = 4(712. 5𝑚𝑚)
𝑏𝑜 = 2850𝑚𝑚

SOLVING FOR 𝑉𝑈
2
𝑉𝑈 = 𝑃𝑈 − 𝑞𝑈(ℎ + 𝑑)
2
𝑉𝑈 = 1340. 5712 𝑘𝑁 − 148. 9524𝑘𝑃𝑎 (0. 7125𝑚)
𝑉𝑈 = 1264. 9546 𝑘𝑁

SOLVING FOR 𝑑𝑎𝑣𝑒

𝑑𝑎𝑣𝑒 = 𝑡 − 𝐶𝐶 − 𝑑𝑏
𝑑𝑎𝑣𝑒 = 500𝑚𝑚 − 75𝑚𝑚 − 25𝑚𝑚
𝑑𝑏 = 400𝑚𝑚
SOLVING FOR Φ𝑉𝐶
Φ𝑉𝐶 = 0. 75[0. 17𝜆√(𝑓'𝑐)⋅𝑏⋅𝑑]
Φ𝑉𝐶 = 0. 75[0. 33(1)[√(24)](2850𝑚𝑚)(400𝑚𝑚)]
Φ𝑉𝐶 = 1382. 2471 𝑘𝑁

Φ𝑉𝐶 > 𝑉𝑈 ∴ 𝑆𝐴𝐹𝐸 𝐴𝐺𝐴𝐼𝑁𝑆𝑇 𝑃𝑈𝑁𝐶𝐻𝐼𝑁𝐺 𝑆𝐻𝐸𝐴𝑅

SOLVING FOR 𝑛

SOLVING FOR ℓ
𝑏𝐹𝑂𝑂𝑇𝐼𝑁𝐺 𝑏𝐶𝑂𝐿𝑈𝑀𝑁
ℓ = 2
− 2
3𝑚 0.3𝑚
ℓ = 2
− 2
ℓ = 1. 35𝑚
 SOLVING FOR 𝑀𝑢
𝑞𝑢⋅ℓ⋅𝐿
𝑀𝑢 = 2
2
148.9524𝑘𝑃𝑎 (1.35𝑚) (3𝑚)
𝑀𝑢 = 2
𝑀𝑢 = 407. 1986 𝑘𝑁⋅𝑚
SOLVING FOR 𝑅𝑛
6
𝑀𝑢 · 10
𝑅𝑛 = 2
∅𝑏𝑑
6
407.1986𝑘𝑁·𝑚 𝑥 10
𝑅𝑛 = 2
0.90(3000)(412.5)
𝑅𝑛 = 0. 8863 𝑀𝑃𝑎

SOLVING FOR 𝑝
𝑓'𝑐 2𝑅𝑛
𝑝 = 0. 85 𝑓𝑦
[1 − √(1 − 0.85𝑓'𝑐 )]
24 2(0.8863)
𝑝 = 0. 85 420
[1 − √(1 − 0.85(24) )]
𝑝 = 0. 002158

SOLVING FOR 𝑝𝑚𝑖𝑛

1.4
𝑝𝑚𝑖𝑛 = 𝑓𝑦
1.4
𝑝𝑚𝑖𝑛 = 420
𝑝𝑚𝑖𝑛 = 0. 0033333

Since 𝑝 < 𝑝𝑚𝑖𝑛 , use 𝑝𝑚𝑖𝑛

SOLVING FOR 𝐴𝑠
𝐴𝑆𝑇 = 𝑝𝑏𝑑
𝐴𝑆𝑇 = (0. 003333)(3000𝑚𝑚)(412. 5𝑚𝑚)
2
𝐴𝑆𝑇 = 4124. 5875𝑚𝑚

SOLVING FOR 𝑛
𝐴𝑠
𝑛= 𝐴𝑏
2
4124.5875𝑚𝑚
𝑛= π 2
4
(25𝑚𝑚)

𝑛 = 8. 4025 ≈ 9 𝑝𝑐𝑠

d.3. SUMMARY OF RECOMMENDED FOOTING SIZE AND REINFORCEMENTS

 FOOTING PROPERTIES RECOMMENDED

FOOTING DIMENSION 2540𝑚𝑚 𝑥 2540𝑚𝑚

PARALLEL TO LENGTH 9 − 25 𝑚𝑚 ∅
REBARS
PARALLEL TO WIDTH 9 − 25 𝑚𝑚 ∅

d.4. FOOTING DETAILS

FOOTING PROPERTIES USED

FOOTING DIMENSION 3000𝑚𝑚 𝑥 3000𝑚𝑚

FOOTING THICKNESS 0. 5𝑚

CONCRETE COVER 75𝑚𝑚

PARALLEL TO LENGTH 9 − 25 𝑚𝑚 ∅
REBARS
PARALLEL TO WIDTH 9 − 25 𝑚𝑚 ∅