Unit 4 It’s Never Too Late to Act

Cutting Back on Bad Habits Vocabulary

1. Read and color the correct options to complete each case.

a. Violet wastes too much b. Leo only uses c. Sam saves

an (-) the an (-) the

Internet ink tablet ceiling fan technology electricity

Writing Strategy
when it is too hot. by keeping the lights off
and paper when printing Identify and
Otherwise, he keeps the when there’s nobody in the
her school assignments. underline the nouns
windows open. room.
in exercise 1. Then,
classify them
d. Ally thought of buying e. Joe leaves f. Herman uses as countable or
uncountable in your
a an the a a an notebook.

new electric water espresso electric

smartphone
dishwasher blanket faucet machine oven

but it uses too much water, to bake. He always forgets

running while brushing his
so she decided to keep to unplug it when he’s done
teeth or washing his hair.
doing the dishes by hand. using it.

2. Complete by using the Three R’s (Reduce-Reuse-Recycle) and the Word Bank.
Word Bank

• change over
• throw away
• switch off
• print out
a. Violet, ________
print out c. Sam, save more electricity
only what you need. b. Way to go, Leo! People who • burn out
by __________
changing over
reuse
and _______ the ______
switch their fans ____, off to • turn off
to eco-friendly light bulbs.
printouts as wrapping ______
reduce the amount of electricity, Also, don’t forget to • save on
paper or sticky notes. they use do care for the environment. ______
recycle them when
they _______.
burn out

e. Joe, _____
turn the
faucet _____
off
while brushing your f. Herman, _____
save Daily English
d. That’s great, Ally! Just don’t teeth or washing
_______
throw your old ___
on electricity
your hair. Also, and ______
reduce • Switch off: To
dishwasher _______ away in _______
reuse turn off.
the trash. _______
Recycle it by your bil by
shower water to unplugging your • Burn out: To
taking it to a specialized center. mop the floor. stop working
appliances.
because of
damage from
3. In your notebook, write recommendations for the following cases. heat.
• Change over:
To stop using
a. Oak Tree school received 50 new b. Mel just redecorated her house and bought something and
laptops as a donation from the PTA some new furniture, but she doesn’t have enough start using
to replace their old equipment. space for her old sofa and dining room table. another one.

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 An Eco-friendly Undertaking Language
and Function

1. Complete the questions with how many or how much. Then, choose the correct answers to win.

Tech Trivia
a. ______________
How many c. ______________
How much
tons of e-waste do e-waste is
people dispose recycled every
of worldwide year in the
every year? United States?
Between 20 to 50 Less than 20
million metric tons million metric tons More than 40% Around 12.5%
of e-waste. of e-waste. (go to d.) (go to i.)
(go to k.) (go to h.) b. Wrong! Move back to k.

How many
e. ______________ smartphones
were sold worldwide in 2016?

d. That’s no correct! Go back to c. Nearly 1.5 billion Less than 1 billion

to give it another shot. units. (go to g.) (go to j.) f. No way! … Return to g.

How many
g. ______________ How much
i. ______________
mobile phones does an
do Americans Australian
dispose of consumer spend
every year? on technology?
Less than 50 An average of An average of
Around 150 million.
million.
(go to c.)
h. You’re wrong! Go back to i and $2,300 $4,500
(go to f.) try again. (go to l.) (go to h.)

k. ______________
How much time do teens
spend daily on social media?
Less than five
j. Oops! That’s incorrect. Go back hours.
Up to nine hours.
to e and try again. (go to e.) l. YOU WIN!
(go to b.)

2. Read and circle the correct options.

a. Teenagers spend too much / too many time every day on social networks.
b. People throw away over 152 million mobile phones each year. That’s a lot of / enough devices ending
up in landfills!
c. Producing a single computer and a monitor requires using too much / too many resources and
hazardous substances, including 530 pounds of fossil fuel, 48 pounds of chemicals, and 1.5 tons of
water.

33
 Language
and Function

d. Not many / not much people use monochromatic cell phones these days.
e. How much water does a young man need a day? Drinking 3.7 liters of water a day is enough / not
much for 19-year-old men and older to stay hydrated.
f. A tin can takes 50 years to decompose. That’s not much / not many time compared to a plastic bottle,
which takes 500 years.
How many
3. Answer using not many, not much, too many, too much, a lot of, and enough. Add devices did your parents
buy last year?
more information.

a. How much water do you use when brushing your teeth?

Answers may vary.
____________________________________________________________________
b. How many devices did your parents buy last year?
Answers may vary.
____________________________________________________________________
c. How many devices in total are there in your house?
Answers may vary.
____________________________________________________________________
d. How many times a week does your family do laundry?
Answers may vary.
____________________________________________________________________
Not many. They only bought a
new stereo to replace their old one.

e. How much do your parents pay for the electricity bill?

Answers may vary.
____________________________________________________________________
f. How many times do your parents travel by car in a week?
Answers may vary.
____________________________________________________________________
g. How much waste does your family recycle?
Answers may vary.
____________________________________________________________________
h. How much do you know about how to be eco-friendly?
Answers may vary.
____________________________________________________________________

4. Read the cases and unscramble the recommendations.

a waterless car wash / should / brother / use / your

a. My brother wastes a lot of water and
soap washing his car every Sunday.
Your brother should use a waterless car wash.

he / configure / on both sides / his printer / should / to print

b. Thibault wastes a lot of paper when
he prints homework out. He should configure his printer to print on both sides.

c. At the office, Bob and Susan leave should / they / put / into / their computers / Sleep Mode
their computers on when they go
for lunch or have a meeting. They should put their computers into Sleep Mode.

d. Rose goes to the gym six times a and / have / instead / she / take / bubble baths / short showers /
week. When she gets home, she should / less
always takes a bubble bath in her
bathtub, which takes around 20 She should take/have less bubble baths and have/take short
gallons of water to fill up. showers instead.

34
 Language
and Function

5. Complete using should, shouldn’t, and the verbs from the Word Bank.

Word Bank
a. People ____________
shouldn’t shouldn’t
b. People ____________ shouldn’t
c. People ___________
• throw away
throw
__________ their drive
__________ their cars dispose of
_________________
• turn into
broken smartphones to work every day. kitchen waste such
• change over
away
____________ in should
They _____________ as fruit and vegetable • give away
the trash can. They look for
____________ other scraps, eggshells, • forget
should
__________ give
_______ alternatives, including coffee grounds, etc. • recycle
away
them _____________ carpooling with work should
They ____________ • drive
or take them to a colleagues, walking, recycle
________________ • look for
recycling center. or riding their bikes. this type of waste • use
However, they In addition, they turn
and __________ it • dispose of
shouldn’t
_______________ _________ use
should ________ into
__________ compost,
forget to wipe any
________ more ecological fuels which is a free, eco-
sensitive data on the like biodiesel or friendly, and easy to
device by performing _________ over
change ________ make alternative to
a factory reset. to electric vehicles. fertilizers.

6. Read and suggest what these people should and shouldn’t do.

b My husband always buys more groceries than we need

a I don’t know what to do with my and a lot of food gets spoiled, so I have to throw it away. What
broken smartphone. What should I do? should I tell him? What should I do with all that waste?

Language File
________________
You should ________________ Should has other
________________ ________________
Answers may vary.
uses besides giving
________________ ________________ advice:
• To show
obligation or
________________
You shouldn’t ________________ correctness
________________ ________________
Answers may vary.
when criticizing
________________ ________________ someone’s
actions: She
should do as her
c I just got this month’s salary and there’s a d My daughters always leave their bedroom mother says.
great sale at my favorite tech shop. However, all my lights on. They also spend a lot of time each • To talk about
devices are in top condition. What should I do? day styling their hair with a dryer and a flat
iron. What should I suggest that they do? a desirable or
expected state:
After today’s drill,
________________ ________________ employees should
________________
Answers may vary. ________________
Answers may vary. know how to act
________________ ________________ after a quake
occurs.
• To express
________________ ________________ probability: $50
________________
Answers may vary. ________________
Answers may vary. should be enough
________________ ________________ to buy the cinema
tickets.

35
CLIL
Tech Solutions to Stop Reading
and Writing
Pollution

Technology

Before Reading

1. Label the pictures with the words from the Word Bank. Then, match them with the corresponding
definitions.

d c a

come up with generator starch

f b e

reckless ozone photosynthesis

a. A white carbohydrate present in the seeds, fruits, tubers, roots, and stem pith
of plants such as corn, wheat, and rice.

b. A form of oxygen (O3) produced when ultraviolet light passes through air or Word Bank
oxygen.
• generator
c. A machine that turns mechanical energy into electric energy. • reckless
• photosynthesis
d. To think of or produce an answer, idea, etc. • starch
e. The process by which green plants use sunlight, water, and carbon dioxide to • come up with
• ozone
produce food.

f. Showing a lack of care about danger and the possible consequences of one’s
actions.

2. Answer these questions in your notebook.

Answers may vary.

a. What do you think of the following statement: “Teenagers are reckless and
selfish, they don’t care about the environmental problems around them”?
b. Do you believe teenagers are capable of coming up with innovative ideas to face
environmental problems in their community? Why?

36
 Reading

CLIL
and Writing

While Reading

3. Complete the text with the correct form of the verbs in the boxes.

Green Inventions by Teenagers from Around the World

Even though teenagers are often perceived as reckless, self- Reading Strategy
centered individuals that don’t care about the issues affecting the
Earth, they are proving this misconception wrong. The teenage mind Highlight the topic
understands
(a) _______________ the world in a diverse, creative way, allowing sentence of the
teenagers to (b) ___________________
come up with out-of-the-box solutions to • turn into text.
everyday problems, including environmental ones. Let’s see some eco- • come up
friendly innovations by teenagers around the globe. with
Turning Plastic Into Biofuel: Azza Abdel Hamid Faiad is a 16-year-old • understand
turn
Egyptian girl who developed a process to (c) _____________ plastic • break down
into
_____________ biofuel by employing a relatively cheap catalyst:
Aluminosilicate. This substance (d) _________________
breaks down plastic
polymers, producing gases such as methane, propane, and
ethane that can be later transformed into ethanol.

Pee-Powered Energy Generator: It’s a generator

Dictionary
produces
that (e) _____________ up to 6 hours of electricity Break down
from one liter of urine. Duro-Aina Adebola, Akindele (sth): To divide
Abiola, Faleke Oluwatoyin, and Bello Eniola, its inventors, a substance into
• develop
are four 14-to-15-year-old Nigerian students who its compounding
created
(f) _____________ this device to be used after emergencies • work
elements by a
work
and catastrophes. But how does it (g) _____________? First, • produce biological or
separates
urine is placed into an electrolytic cell, which (h) _____________ the • create chemical process.
hydrogen within it. Then, a water filter purifies hydrogen and extracts it • go
goes
into a gas cylinder. Later, it (i) _____________ to another cylinder with Out-of-the-box:
• separate An expression to
borax to remove the humidity. Finally, the hydrogen is ready to fuel the
generator. • transform describe a very
creative idea.
Banana Peels Bioplastic: Turkish 16-year-old Elif Bilgin
developed
(j) _____________ transform
a chemical method to (k) _____________ Troposphere: The
starches and cellulose in the banana peels into a non-decaying lowest layer of the
bioplastic that aims to replace petroleum in plastic items in the atmosphere which
near future. Her invention got her the Science in Action Award at extends about
the 2013 Google Science Fair. 10 km from the
Earth’s surface
upward.

Roof Coating: Jessica Kusher is an 18-year-old American

became
girl who (l) _____________ interested in finding a way to
• decided
reduce the ozone entering the troposphere. She realized
requires
that ozone (m) _____________ heat and sunlight to form, • present
so she developed a roof coating made of mica, gypsum, • become
improve
and graphite. These minerals (n) _____________ the • require
reflectance of roof shingles, decreasing heat absorption and • improve
thus reducing ozone production. • use
Transforming CO2 into Oxygen while Driving: After seeing a car
releasing carbon dioxide at a stop sign, 14-year-old Param Jaggi
(o) _____________
decided to do something about it. Three years later,
presented
Param (p) _____________ the Algae Mobile, a device that
uses
(q) _____________ algae photosynthesis to turn carbon dioxide
from cars into oxygen. Nowadays, Param works as the CEO of
Hatch, a company working on the field of software development.

37
 Reading
CLIL and Writing

After Reading

4. Sequence the ideas (1-3) as they are presented in each paragraph.

How
a. Turning Plastic Into Invention Who the
2 1 3 the invention
Biofuel description inventor is
works

Who the
b. Pee-Powered Energy How the inventors are Device
3 2 1
Generator device works and device description
purpose

What the
Invention
c. Banana Peels Who the inventor
1 3 2 description
Bioplastic inventor is received for the
and purpose
invention

Inventor’s Invention
motivation to description, Who the
d. Roof Coating 2 3 1
develop the how it works, inventor is
invention and its benefits

Inventor’s Who the

Inventor’s motivation to inventor is
e. Algae Mobile 3 1 2
current life develop the and how the
device device works

Writing

5. Make up an eco-friendly invention and fill in the technical chart below. Then, write a short description
of it.
(Draw your invention here)

INVENTION

____________________________________ (inventor) developed

the __________________________________ (invention’s name)
It is a __________________________________________________
______________________________________________________
_________________________________ (invention’s description)

y vary.
It _____________________________________________________
Answ ers ma
______________________________________________________
______________________________________________________
__________________________________________ (how it works)
Inventor: __________________________
Invention’s name: ___________________ Its purpose is ___________________________________________
__________________________________ ______________________________________________________
Purpose: __________________________ ______________________________________________________
__________________________________ _____________________________________________________.

38
 Quiz Time
Unit 4

1. Complete with words from the Word Bank and 3. Complete the questions. Then, underline the best
the correct articles or no article (–). options to form correct answers.

How many
a. ________________ times do you check your
Word Bank
social networks each day?
• laptop • tech store • water
I used to check them too many / too much
• water efficient • water bill • air conditioners
toilet times. But now, I only do it two to three times
• expert • electric oven
a day.

How many
b. ________________ clothes items did you buy
a laptop
a. Derek needs to buy ________________ to
in the last three months?
work on his thesis, but he doesn’t know what’s
Not much / Not many. In fact, I only bought a
the best device for him. So, his friend Tim
leather jacket because I lost my old one.
the/a tech store near his
is taking him to ________________
an expert
house to ask ________________ for advice. How much
c. ________________ soap do you use when
doing the dishes?
The water bill
b. ________________ was too high this month! I try to use enough / a lot of soap to clean the
(–) water
We need to start saving ________________ by dishes without over-soaping them. That way, I
a water efficient toilet
buying _________________________. don’t have to use too many / too much water to
rinse them.
(–) Air conditioners
c. _________________________ are on sale this
How much
d. ________________ data is included in your
month! And don’t miss your chance to get
mobile phone plan?
an electric oven
_____________________ at half price!
Not much / A lot. I can barely download a
couple of videos before running out of data.

2. Check the correct phrasal verbs. How many

e. ________________ people know your Wi-Fi
password?
a. Don’t throw away ❑ / run out of ❑ A lot of / Not many people know my Wi-Fi
password after my best friend wrote it on the
your e-waste in the same trash can as the
bathroom mirror during my birthday party. I
organic waste.
need to change it ASAP!
b. Make sure to switch on ❑ / switch off How much
f. ________________ does the new smartphone
❑ the lights when you leave a room.
cost?
c. Print out ❑ - Cut back ❑ on the Too much / Not much. In fact, it’s not affordable
for many people out there. I’d have to save
amount of paper towels and napkins you
up for at least a year to buy it. It’s ridiculously
use at home. expensive!

❑/
d. Don’t wait until you use up
4. Read and write recommendations for the
plug in ❑ your smartphone battery to
following cases in your notebook.
plug it in ❑ / throw it away ❑.
Answers may vary.

e. Did you know that you can save on ❑/ a. John wants to save on his electricity and water
bills, but he doesn’t know how to start. What
run out of ❑ your water bill just by filling should he do?
a bottle with water, and putting it into the b. Andy and Julie want to go “green.” What should
toilet tank? they do?

39