(1) What is a computer network?

Ans. Computer network refers to two or more computers connected or linked each other.

(2)What are the hardware and software components of a computer network?

Ans. Server computer, Network interface card (INC) and Network cables are the hardware
components and Network operating system, Communication protocol and network driver
are the software components for a network.

(3)Name different type of networking cables.

Ans. Twisted pair, coax and Optical fibre.

(4)What is a network operating system?

Ans. An operating system which enables and controls the operation of the network is known
as network operating system. Eg. M/S Windows.

(5) What is the use of a network interface card?

Ans. Network Interface card (NIC) help us to connect computers. NIC is an add on card.

(6)State the benefit of networking computers?

Ans. Connectivity - Network enables efficient communication among co-workers. Sharing –
Network is useful to share information, software resources and hardware recourses.

(7)State the disadvantages of networking computers?

Ans. A server – centric network fails when the server is down. Virus can spread easily
through the network. And unauthorized user may steal or destroy the important data.

(8)What is the different type of network?

Ans. Local area network (LAN), Metropolitan area network (MAN) and Wide area network
(WAN).

(9)What is local area network?

Ans. In local area network connects the computers that are relatively close to each other.
Such as a room or a single building.

(10)What is a metropolitan area network?

Ans. Metropolitan area network is a network that connects two or more LANs with in the
boundaries of a town or city.

(11)What is a server? Name different types of servers.

Ans. A computer system on the network that provides a service to other computers
connected to the network is called a server. Different types of servers are Database server,
Application server, Web server and Mail Server.

(12) What is a database server?

Ans. A database server centrally stores and manages large database file so that other
computer on the same network can access the files.
(13) What is a mail server?
Ans. Mail server is an internet based computer which holds mailbox accounts of a large
number of clients. Clients send message to Mail server and Mail server relays that message
to its destination. If the client accesses their mailbox from Mail server they can receive
email.

(14) What is meant by network topology? Name the different type of topologies?
Ans. Topology of a network refers to the layout or map of connected devices on a local area
network. The basic types of network are bus, ring and star topologies. Hybrid and mesh
topologies employ two or all of these basic types.

2. Name the following:

A) The central cable in the bus topology. Bus or Back bone

B) The central unit through which all nodes in star topology are connected to the
server. Hub

C) A network topology which uses both bus and ring topologies. Hybrid Topology.

D) A computer on a network which requests services from server. Client

E) A server which provides front end to the database server backend. Application
server

3. State the following statements are true or false:

(1) Information can be efficiently shared by network computers. True.

(2) Sharing of peripheral devices both on office space and cost. True.

(3) NIC is also called a network adapter. True.

(4) A fibre optic cable has the lowest message carrying capacity. False.

(5) NOS is also called a network driver. False.

(6) A wide area network remains only a dream concept. False.

(7) A database server also called a front end. False.

(8) A combination of star and ring topologies is called a mesh topology. True.
4. Fill in the blanks:

a) The major benefits of networking are Connectivity and sharing.

b) A Coaxial cable has higher capacity that UTP or STP but lower than that fibre optic
cable

c) For two devices on a network to communicate, they must follow the same Protocol.

d) WAN create nation wide and world wide data communication network.

e) A client is a computer on a network that requests services from the server.

f) An Application server is called front end.

5. Sate any two points of differences between:

1.
Local area network Metropolitan area network
Connects computers in small Connects computers in a large geographical
geographical area. area.
Connects two or more computers in a Connects two or more network inside the
building or room. boundary of a city.

2.

Bus topology Ring topology

Computers and peripherals are connected to Computers and peripherals are
the same parallel central cable. connected in the shape of a ring.
Requires less cable. Requires more cable than bus topology.
ypes of Computer Networks
There are five main types of Computer Networks:

1. LAN (Local Area Network) –

 Systems connected in a small network like in a building or a small

office

 It is inexpensive

 It uses Ethernet or Token-ring technology

 Two or more personal computers can be connected through wires or

cables acting as nodes

 Transfer of data is fast and is highly score

2. PAN (Personal Area Network) –

 The smallest computer network

 Devices may be connected through Bluetooth or other infra-red

enables devices

 It has a connectivity range of upto 10 metres

 It covers an area of upto 30 feet

 Personal devices belonging to a single person can be connected to

each other using PAN

3. MAN (Metropolitan Area Network) –

 A network that can be connected within a city, for example, cable TV

Connection

 It can be in the form of Ethernet, ATM, Token-ring and FDDI

 It has a higher range

 This type of network can be used to connect citizens with the various
Organisations

4. WAN (Wide Area Network) –

 A network which covers over a country or a larger range of people

 Telephonic lines are also connected through WAN

 Internet is the biggest WAN in the world

  Mostly used by Government Organisations to manage data and
information

5. VPN (Virtual Private Network): –

 A network which is constructed by using public wires to connect to a

private network

 There are a number of systems which enable you to create networks

using the Internet as a medium for transporting data

 These systems use encryptions and other security mechanisms to

ensure only authorised users can access

Network Topologies
Given below are the eight types of Network Topologies:

1. Point to Point Topology – Point to Point topology is the simplest topology

that connects two nodes directly together with a common link.
2. Bus Topology – A bus topology is such that there is a single line to which all
nodes are connected and the nodes connect only to the bus
3. Mesh Topology – This type of topology contains at least two nodes with two
or more paths between them
4. Ring Topology – In this topology every node has exactly two branches
connected to it. The ring is broken and cannot work if one of the nodes on the
ring fails
5. Star Topology – In this network topology, the peripheral nodes are
connected to a central node, which rebroadcasts all the transmissions
received from any peripheral node to all peripheral nodes on the network,
including the originating node
6. Tree Topology – In this type of topology nodes are connected in the form of a
tree. The function of the central node in this topology may be distributed
7. Line Topology – in this topology all the nodes are connected in a straight line
8. Hybrid Topology – When two more types of topologies combine together,
they form a Hybrid topology

Network Devices
Discussed below are a few important network devices from the exam
point of view:

 Network Repeater – Used to generate incoming electrical, wireless or

optical signals
 Network Hub – It is a small network device. It joins multiple computers
together to form a single network segment. On this segment, all computers
can interact with each other
 Network Switch – It is a small hardware device which joins multiple
computers together with a single LAN
  Network Router – This device interfaces in multiple networks whose task is
to copy packages from one network to another. It provides connectivity inside
enterprises, between Enterprises and the Internet and within an ISP
 Network Bridge – It reads the outermost section of the data packet to tell
where the message is going. It reduces the traffic on other network
segments.
 Modem – This device converts digital signals into analog signals. It is always
placed between a telephone and a computer system

Q 1. Which of the following is not a type of network topology?

1. Ring
2. Star
3. Circle
4. Bus
5. All of the above are a type of network topology

Answer: (2) Circle

Q 2. The network device converts digital signals into analog signals and
can be connected through a telephone is called _____

1. Modem
2. Hotspot
3. Router
4. Bridge
5. Switch

Answer: (1) Modem

Q 3. Which of the following terms is related to sending data to a satellite?

1. Uplink
2. Modem
3. Switch
4. Modular
5. Downlink

Answer: (1) Uplink

Q 4. ______ topology is the simplest topology that connects two nodes

directly together with a common link.

1. Point to Point
2. Line
3. Ring
4. Star
5. None of the above
Answer: (1) Point to Point

Q 5. Which is the shortest network covering network?

1. LAN
2. MAN
3. WAN
4. PAN
5. VPN

Answer: (4) Personal Area Network (PAN)

Q 6. When two or more topologies connect together, they are called

______

1. Tree Topology
2. Cluster Topology
3. Hybrid Topology
4. Mesh Topology
5. Line Topology

Answer: (3) Hybrid Topology

Q 7. ATM is a form of _____

1. Local Area Network

2. Wide Area Network
3. Metropolitan Area Network
4. Personal Area Network
5. Virtual Private Network

Answer: (3) Metropolitan Area Network

Q 8. _______ is a small hardware device which joins multiple computers

together with a single LAN.

1. Modem
2. Switch
3. Modular
4. Router
5. Bridge

Answer: (2) Switch

Q 9. A collection of various computers into a single coherent system,

provided to a client, is called _______.

1. Distributed System
 2. Computer Network
3. Systematic Network
4. Collective Network
5. None of the above

Answer: (1) Distributed System

Q 10. A network which is constructed by using public wires to connect to

a private network is called ______

1. Local Area Network

2. Wide Area Network
3. Metropolitan Area Network
4. Personal Area Network
5. Virtual Private Network

Answer: (5) Virtual Private Network