SECTION I.

GRAMMAR
ARTICLES
Read the following sentences and choose the correct answer (A, B, C or D).
Task 1.
1. The top-notch service in ___ Hilton and ___ National fascinated him.
A a/a B the/the C -/- D -/a.
2. ___ Westminster Abbey is one of ___ places in Britain I would love to visit.
A -/the B the/- C a/- D a/a.
3. If you live in England, I will recommend you to open ___ account in ___ Lloyds
Bank.
A a/a B -/the C an/- D -/a.
4. The photos taken in ___ Madagascar were published in ___ number of scientific
magazines.
A a/- B the/the C a/the D -/a.
5. I have never met ___ Rogers before, but I believe they are ___ good people.
A a/a B -/the C the/- D -/a.
6. He came across ___ article about the reign of William ___ Great.
A an/the B -/- C the/- D a/a.
7. I wish I could go to ___ Bosporus Strait to enjoy ___ gorgeous view.
A a/- B -/the C a/the D the/a.
8. The ship should cross ___ Pacific Ocean to deliver ___ goods.
A a/a B -/- C the/the D -/a.
9. If I had a chance, I would go to ___ Sahara and ___ Gobi.
A a/a B the/the C -/- D the/a.
10. Whenever Alex has ___ vacation, he takes his backpack and hikes in ___
Carpathians.
A a/the B -/- C the/- D the/a.
Task 2.
1. Standing in the long queue to ___ Louvre, she made friends with ___ surprisingly
talkative Frenchman.
A a/- B the/a C -/- D -/the.
2. If I were in ___ New York, I would definitely attend ___ Central Park Zoo.
A a/- B the/a C a/a D -/the.
3. ___ Times has recently published the story of Ukrainian ___ refugees.
A the/- B a/the C -/a D a/a.
4. ___ Danube flows into ___ Black Sea.
A a/a B -/a C the/the D -/-.
5. Both ___ poor and ___ rich should unite.
A a/a B -/a C -/- D the/the.
6. All four new international routes begin flying in mid-December from ___
Netherlands to ___ Bahamas.
A a/a B the/the C -/- D -/a.
7. If I entered ___ Cambridge University, I would be ___ happiest student ever!
A a/a B a/- C -/the D the/a.
8. From my point of ___ view, ___ Bermudas look quite mysterious.
A -/the B a/a C the/- D the/a.
9. ___ Mont Blanc is famous for being ___ highest mountain in France.
A the/the B a/a C -/the D -/-.
10. Lake ___ Baikal is really ___ breathtaking in winter!
A a/a B the/the C -/- D the/a.

Task 3.
1. ___ night being sharp and frosty, we trembled from ___ foot to ___ head.
A the/the/the B the/-/- C a/-/- D -/a/a.
2. When I lived in Paris some years ago I used to buy ___ copy of Le Monde every
evening at ___ same local newspaper kiosk.
A -/a B a/the C a/a D the/a.
3. R. Peary was ___ famous American polar traveller. He was ___ first to reach ___
North Pole in 1909.
A a/the/the B the/the/- C a/the/a D -/the/-.
4. If ___ guest has to leave ___ table during ___ meal he always asks his hostess,
«Will you please excuse me for ___ minute».
A a/the/a/a B -/the/a/- C the/the/-/the D an/the/a/a.
5. ___ most favourite game is cricket, which is called by ___ English «___ greatest
game in ___ world».
A The/the/the/the B The/ a/the/the C -/the/-/the D A/the/-/the.
6. Peter is on ___ night duty. When I go to ___ bed, he goes to ___ work.
A the/-/a B -/-/- C a/a/a D the/the/-.
7. ___ death of her husband resulted in ___ loss of her home also.
A -/- B -/the C the/the D a/-.
8. Where there’s ___ will, there’s ___ way.
A a/a B -/- C the/the D a/the.
9. ___ British Prime Minister lives in ___ Dowing Street 10.
A. a/a; B. -/the; C. the/-; D. -/a.
10. I love how ___ Oxford Street looks in ___ winter! It’s dizzying!
A a/a B -/the C the/the D -/-.

Read the texts below and choose the correct answer (A, B, C or D).
Task 4.
In ancient Rome, pearls were considered (1) _____ symbol of wealth and
social standing. (2) _____ Greeks valued the pearl for both its extraordinary beauty
and association with love and marriage. During the Dark Ages, while (3) _____
ladies from wealthy families adored delicate pearl necklaces, gallant knights often
wore pearls into battle. They believed (4) _____ magic of these glossy gems would
keep them unharmed. (5) _____ Renaissance saw the royal courts of Europe full of
pearls. Because pearls were so highly regarded, (6) _____ number of European
countries actually passed (7) _____ laws forbidding anyone but (8) _____ nobility
to decorate themselves with pearls.
1. A a B the C – D. an;
2. A a B the C an D –;
3. A the B a C an D –;
4. A an B – C a D the;
5. A – B the C a D an;
6. A the B – C a D an;
7. A the B – C a D an;
8. A the B – C a D an.

Task 5.
(1) _____ Employment laws do not protect workers from having (2) _____
mean boss, but our legal system does enforce basic workplace rights. For example,
there are (3) _____ workplace rights that protect (4) _____ workers from (5) _____
discrimination, (6) _____ sexual harassment, (7) _____ hostile work environment,
and known health and (8) _____ safety hazards.
1. A a B the C – D an;
2. A a B the C an D –;
3. A the B a C an D –;
4. A an B – C a D the;
5. A an B – C a D the;
6. A – B the C a D an;
7. A the B – C a D an;
8. A the B – C a D an.

Task 6.
(1) _____ negligence is (2) _____ legal theory which allows (3) _____ injured
party to recover for (4) _____ carelessness of others. A person is considered to be
legally negligent if they were careless, given the circumstances of (5) _____
situation. Negligence has four major elements that must be shown in order to recover
for (6) _____ injuries they sustained because of someone else’s negligence.
However, even if those four parts are shown and negligence is established,
(7) ______ defense could still mitigate how much (8) _____ defending party must
pay.
1. A a B the C – D an;
2. A a B the C an D –;
3. A the B a C an D –;
4. A an B – C a D the;
5. A an B – C a D the;
6. A – B the C a D an;
7. A the B – C a D an;
8. A a B the C – D an.

NOUNS
Read the following sentences and choose the correct answer (A, B, C or D).
Task 1.
1. We saw three ____ and two ____ crossing the meadow.
A sheeps/deers B ship/dear C sheep/deer D ships/dears.
2. ____ in this club are good enough for putting on a concert.
A. acoustics B acoustos C acoustic D acoustus.
3. They have already carried out two series of ____ to get the necessary ____.
A experiment/datum B experimental/datas; C experimentus/datous
D experiments/data.
4. The doctor has two ____. He is supposed to think over them.
A diagnosis B diagnose C diagnoses D diagnoes.
5. These ____ are not very reliable. Give me two more ____ to make up my mind.
A criterions/prooves B criteria/proofs C criterion/proof D criterians/proves.
6. Draw two ____ and measure them.
A radii B radius C radious D radiate.
7. It has been proven that ____ is not so dangerous as ____ .
A measls/mumpes B measle/mump C measles/mumps D misles/mumpes.
8. I have been explained that ____ is in the fridge and ____ are on those shelves.
A creams/green B cream/greens C creamy/greenary D creames/greeny.
9. There are three ____ in our family. Which of them do you need? Here are their
____ .
A Mary’s/photoes B Marys/photos C Marys’/photo D Maries/photo.
10. I have two ____ in the house on the white ____ of Dover.
A saves/clives B safs/cliffes C saffes/clifs D safes/cliffs.

Task 2.
1. ____ are valued for their attractive flowers and historically used as an astringent
to treat wounds.
A forgets-me-not B forget-us-not C forget-me-nots D forget-my-not.
2. They picked their way through broken items of ____, their ____ crunching across
splintered glass and wood.
A furnitures/feets B furnitures’/foot C furniture/feet D furniturs/foots.
3. In every thousand ____ I would notice one person who is difficult to move his
legs and hands.
A passers-by B passer-byes C passer-by D passers’-by.
4. At the current moment ____ are investigating allegations of fraud against him.
A the polices B the police C the police’s D the policy.
5. This ____ was so interesting that I decided to go there to observe everything by
myself.
A new B newes C news’ D news.
6. I will give some ____, please try to follow them.
A advices B advice C advices’ D advise.
7. She told me an interesting piece of ____ about the new manager.
A information B information’s C informations D informations’.
8. Human ____ commonly spread through close person-to-person contact.
A lices B louse C louses D lice.
9. Where were they? – At ____ .
A Mary B Mary’s C Marys D Maries.
10. I am going to the supermarket. Where ____ my money? - ____ on the table.
A are/ they are B have/they have C is/it is D do/ it does.

Task 3.
1. There are only 16 of these old ____ left in the city.
A merry-go-rounds B merry-go-round C merries-go-round D merry-goes-round.
2. Over the past decade four ____ of every national newspaper had been ____ .
A editor-in-chief/man B editor-in-chiefs/mans C editors-in-chief/men D editor-in-
chieves/mens.
3. The three selected species of ____ can produce similar changes, but the only final
____ can be established by looking at nail clippings under a microscope.
A fungus/diagnoses B fungi/diagnosis C fangus/diagnose D fangis/diagnos.
4. ____ live in nearly every environment on Earth, but scientists are still discovering
basic information about them.
A lichen B lichenz C lichins D lichens.
5. As the altitude increases, plant life is restricted to different species of ____.
A mosses B moss’s C moss D mossus.
6. Coralline ____ hold together some coral ____ and are present in multiple
ecosystems.
A alga/reef B alges/riffs C algae/reefs D algas/reeves.
7. I turned my head back and saw a ____ bill together with a few ____ lying there.
A hundreds-dollar/coin B hundred-dollar/coins C hundred-dollars’/coines
D hundred-dollars/coins’.
8. An African elephant has four ____ on the ____ and three on the hind foot.
A hooves/forefoot B hoof/forfeet C hoofes/forefoots D hoovs/forefeets.
9. Where ____ my pyjamas? – I have just put ____ in the bath.
A is/it B has /their C are/them D does/ its.
10. Ask him to take two ____ and cut the ____ of bread into ____ .
A knifs/loafs/halfs B knives/loaves/halves C knifes/loafes/halfes;
D knivs/loavs/halvs.

Read the texts below and choose the correct answer (A, B, C or D).
Task 4.
The imprecision of gig therefore connotes different things: Some uses focus
on the temporary or «contingent» nature of the work, such as (1) ____ that may be
terminated at any time, usually at the discretion of (2) ____. Other definitions focus
on the unpredictability of (3) ____ in terms of (4) ____, scheduling, hours provided
in (5) ____ or location. Still (6) ____ focus on the business structure through which
work is engaged – a staffing agency, digital platform, contractor or other
intermediary. Further complicating the definition of gig is whether the focus is on a
worker’s primary (7) ____ or on side work meant to supplement (8) ____.
1. A works B work C a work D jobs;
2. A an employer B the employers C some employers D the employer;
3. A works B a work C the work D work;
4. A earnings B earning C the earning D a lot of earning;
5. A the workweek B a workweek C workweeks D the workweeks;
6. A depictions B depiction C other depictions D the depiction;
7. A sources of income B source of income C source of incomes D sources of
incomes;
8. A an income B the income C incomes D income.

Task 5.
 Furthermore, predatory lending rules often require (1) ____ to check the
borrower’s capacity to repay (2) ____ before giving it. This helps to prevent
borrowers from incurring (3) ____ they cannot afford to repay.
Consumers must be aware of the possible (4) ____ of predatory (5) ____ and
educate themselves on their legal rights and (6) ____. If you believe you have been
a victim of predatory lending, contact your state’s attorney general or consumer
protection agency.
Ultimately, predatory lending regulations protect customers from deceptive or
abusive lending practices. These rules aim to guarantee that borrowers get clear and
reasonable (7) ____ conditions and are not exploited by lenders looking to benefit
from their (8) ____ .
1. A lenders B landers C owners D lender;
2. A loans B laons C a loan D the loan;
3. A a debt B debts C the debt D debt;
4. A hazard B hazards C hazardes D all hazards;
5. A lending tactic B landing tactics C lending tactics D borrowing tactics;
6. A a safeguard B the safeguard C safeguards D the safeguards;
7. A loans B loan C a loan D the loan;
8. A weaknesses B weakness C financial weaknesses D financial weakness.

Task 6.
A mortgage is (1) ____ that is made to fund (2) the purchase of a house or
other piece of (3) ____. The loan is secured by the property the purchase of which
the loan funds. This means that if the loan is not paid back as provided in (4) ____ ,
usually through monthly (5) ____ of (6) ____, the lender can foreclose on the
property. Foreclosure means forcing the sale of the property and using (7) ____ to
pay off (8) ____.
1. A a loan B the loan C loans D some loans;
2. A the purchase of a house B a purchase of a house C the purchase of houses D the
purchase of house;
3. A real properties B the real property C real property D a real property;
4. A a loan agreement B the loan agreement C the loan agreements D loans
agreement;
5. A payments B payment C payment’s D payments’;
6. A principal and interest B principals and interests C principals and interest
D principal and interests;
7. A the proceeds of the sales B the proceed of the sale C the proceeds of a sale D the
proceeds of the sale;
8. A the loan balance B the loan’s balance C a loan balance D the loan balances.

ACTIVE & PASSIVE VOICE

Read the following sentences and choose the correct answer (A, B, C or D).
Task 1.
1. I know I __________ (interrogate) but it is not something I would like to talk
about.
A am being interrogated B had been interrogated C have interrogated D has been
interrogating.
2. Public hearings _________ (hold) in Oxford Hall for 3 days.
A have held B are being held C have been held D are holding.
3. It has been alleged that the telephone _________ (steal) on Monday morning.
A is being stolen B was stolen C has been stolen D had stolen.
4. Once charged, the suspect stands accused but __________ (presume) innocent
until conviction upon trial or guilty plea.
A is presumed B has presumed C will presume D is presuming.
5. This agreement will remain in full force until all the payments _________ (make)
in full.
A will be made B are being made C have been made D are making.
6. It is not yet known what caused the plane to crash. Many of the survivors
__________ (interview) by newspaper and TV reporters.
A were being interviewed B have been interviewed C have interviewed D are
interviewing.
7. A cure for the disease _________ (hope) to be imminent.
A is hoped B has hoped C hopes D is hoping.
8. The COVID-19 vaccines ________ (develop) on a faster timeline than any
previous vaccines.
A developed B were developed C had developed D were developing.
9. Entering the building without a security pass ________ (prohibit).
A has prohibited B is prohibiting C is prohibited D prohibits.
10. It is expected that he _________ (offer) a promotion in a couple of days.
A will be offered B has been offered C offers D has been offering.

Task 2.
1. I don’t like the fact that I ________ (push out) of the city.
A are pushing out B had pushed out C have been pushed out D has been pushing
out.
2. Don’t enter the conference hall! The main issue _________ (discuss) there right
now.
A is being discussed B has been discussing C will discuss D is discussed.
3. The Nobel Prize for Physics ___________ (win) by Marie Curie in 1903.
A was won B has won C was winning D has been won.
4. The Kennedy Space Center ___________ (visit) by thousands of people every
year.
A visits B has been visited C has been visiting D is visited.
5. Nobody __________ (educate) these guys about the danger of smoking.
A is educated B are educating C has educated D have been educated.
6. Arsenal __________ (defeat) 3 – 0 and they are now 4th in the table.
A have defeated B have been defeated C was defeated D were defeating.
7. The British embassy in Israel __________ (destroy) by an earthquake.
A is being destroyed B has been destroyed C destroys D has been destroying.
8. I went to the showroom but ________ (inform) that all the houses _________
(sell).
A is informed/are sold B had informed/were sold C was informing/had sold D was
informed/had been sold.
9. The hotel still_________ (build) when we stayed there.
A is building B has been built C was being built D will be built.
10. I visited my home town last year, only to find that they ________ (demolish) the
house I ________ (grow up) in.
A had demolished/had grown up B demolished/grew up C had been demolished/was
growing up D has been demolished/am growing up.

Task 3.
1. My car _________ (not, fix) yet. They are so slow!
A is not being fixed B has not been fixed C is not fixed D is not fixing.
2. The police could arrest the bank robbers when they _________ (cross) the border.
A had crossed B was crossing C were crossing D were crossed.
3. Australian snakes ________ (claim) to be the most poisonous in the world.
A are being claimed B has been claimed C claim D are claimed.
4. Many people ________ (celebrate) the football team’s victory in the streets
tonight!
A will be celebrated B will be celebrating C will have been celebrated D will have
been celebrating.
5. In India ________ (believe) that cows are holy.
A it is believed B it has believed C it believes D it has been believing.
6. Smartphone S22 Ultra ________ (launch) last week with the entire revolutionary
features which ________ (develop) for the previous Smartphone.
A was launching/had developed B had launched/was developed C was launched/had
been developed D launched/developed.
7. Sir, I want to assure that this room ________ (tide up) by our staff every morning.
A tides up B is tidied up C has tidied up D has been tiding up.
8. _______ the burglars _______ (catch) by the police before they left your house?
A Did … catch B Were … caught C Have … caught D Had … been caught.
9. My partners accepted my proposal after they ________ (consider) it carefully.
A had considered B were considered C considered D had been considered.
10. On that day a wedding party ________ (hold) at this expensive hotel.
A was holding B had held C was being held D held.

Read the texts below and choose the correct answer (A, B, C or D).
Task 4.
New York Attorney General Letitia James (1) ____ former president Donald
Trump with a US$250 million lawsuit on September 21, 2022, citing «staggering»
amounts of falsified business information and fraud.
The civil lawsuit (2) ____ that Trump, his company – the Trump Organization
– and three of his children (3) ____ to lenders and insurers about billions of dollars’
worth of assets. This (4) ____ a three-year investigation into Trump’s New York-
based real estate business.
The Conversation (5) ____ with Bridget J. Crawford, an expert on tax and
property law at Pace University, to help navigate the various dimensions and the
potentially broader, criminal implications of this lawsuit.
The complaint is over 200 pages long and (6) ____ many specific claims. But,
at its heart, the complaint (7) ____ the Trump Organization (8) ____ false financial
or business statements in order to get loans or to keep those loans on favorable terms,
in a way that was dishonest or fraudulent.
1. A hit B has hit C had hit D did hit
2. A allege B has alleged C alleges D alleged
3. A laid B have lied C lied D has lied
4. A follow B follows C is following D has followed
5. A speaks B has spoken C have spoken D spoke
6. A contain B contained C contains D has contained
7. A say B says C said D has said
8. A made B had made C has made D was made

Task 5.
Banks (1) ____ to make loans to people who (2) ____ likely to be able to repay
them. And how (3) ____ the bank measure whether someone (4) ____ likely to
repay? It’s knowing the recipient of a loan (5) ____ enough collateral to satisfy the
bank’s concerns. Trump (6) ____ he had collateral worth a certain amount. James
(7) ____ that the values (8) ____ really wrong, and really wrong over a period of
years, in multiple different filings.
1. A have wanted B has wanted C want D wanted
2. A are B were C have been D had been
3. A did B does C do D has
4. A are B is C was D has been
5. A has B had C have D has had
6. A says B has said C said D did say
7. A was saying B said C is saying D says
8. A are B were C was D have been

Task 6.
The analysis of voices carried out on the texts forming the corpus (1) ____
that the active and passive voices (2) ____ in the two categories of legal texts.
However, active voice (3) ____ prevalent in the two categories.
The study (4) ____ that the application of the two ways of information
structuring is not just a matter of style but is necessitated by point of emphasis. In
the professional legal texts for instance, the prevalence of active voice (5) ____ the
agents, thereby making the law generic and for all. The application of the active
voice in the popular texts demonstrates the fact they (6) ____ to inform or educate
the public on legal developments or issues rather than to be used by lawyers in the
course of performing legal functions.
 The passive voice as exemplified (7) ____ a situation where the writer (8)
____ that the action is more prominent or benefiting to the audience than the
performer of the action.
1. A reveals B revealed C has revealed D had revealed
2. A are used B were used C have been used D had been used
3. A had been found B has been found C was found D is found
4. A revealed B has revealed C had revealed D reveals
5. A emphasizes B emphasize C emphasized D has emphasized
6. A were written B have been written C are written D had been written
7. A depicted B has depicted C is depicted D depicts
8. A feels B felt C is feeling D has felt

NON-FINITE FORMS OF THE VERB

Read the following sentences and choose the correct answer (A, B, C or D).
Task 1.
1. We would like _________ (invite) to the president`s reception at the Pearl Hotel
last week, but we weren`t.
A to be inviting B to have been invited C having been invited D inviting.
2. It took four men ______ (the piano / remove) to the upper floor.
A to have the piano removed B having the piano removed C remove the piano D the
piano being removed.
3. It's _______ (frustrate) when you want to say something in another language, but
you don't know the word.
A frustrated B frustrating C to frustrate D to be frustrating.
4. I feel guilty about _________ (write, not) to you sooner, but I have been swamped
with work lately.
A not to have been written B not to be written C not having written D not to write.
5. While _______ (pack) her things, she thought about the last two years.
A being packed B packing C pack D having packed.
6. I feared you might feel angered at me for ______ the task for them without
warning.
A to have given B to be given C having given D to give.
7. Carlos appears __________ (lose) some weight. Has he been ill?
A to have lost B being lost C having lost D to be lost.
8. The room ______ practically dark I could not at first see where the speaker was.
A to have been B being; C having been D to be.
9. I don`t enjoy __________ (laugh) at by other people.
A be laughed B being laughed C having laughed D be laughing.
10. On _______ (arrive) at the hotel, he went to get changed.
A arrived B being arrived C arriving D having arrived.

Task 2.
1. Jack Welles has a good chance of __________ (elect). I`m going to vote for him.
A being elected B having elected C to be elected D electing.
2. All the necessary preparations ________ (make) with almost secrecy, the army
launched the attack.
A have made B to be made C having made D having been made.
3. For 24 hours on the flight to Australia, I was the most ________ (bore) I've ever
been.
A bored B bore C boring D be boring.
4. Ms. Thompson is always willing to help if there is a problem in the office, but she
doesn`t want __________ (call) at home unless there is an emergency.
A having been called B being called C to be called D calling.
5. Petrol __________ (go up) in price, the demand for cars has fallen.
A having gone up B to go up C being gone up D to be gone up.
6. Sometimes adolescents complain about __________ (understand, not) by their
parents.
A not being understood B not having understood C not to understand D not to be
understood.
7. ________ (surround) by difficulties and uncertainty, he longed for Christine.
A surrounding B surrounded C to surround D having surrounded.
8. I`m angry at him for _________ (tell, not) me the truth.
A not to tell B not telling C not having told D not to have told.
9. The strawberries _______ (eat) at the wedding were grown in Scotland.
A have eaten B eating C being eaten D to be eaten.
10. Mr. Gow mentioned __________ (injure) in an accident as a child, but he never
told us the details.
A having injured B having been injured C to be injured D to have injured.

Task 3.
1. I can`t ever forget __________ (watch) our team score the winning goal in the
last seconds of the championship game.
A watching B to watch C to be watched D having been watched.
2. This is a vegetarian restaurant. None of the dishes ________ (serve) here contains
meat or fish.
A having served B served C serving D to serve.
3. He couldn`t help ________ (ask) me: «Isn`t there anything else I can do for you?».
A being asked B have asked C to ask D asking.
4. A million dollars worth of jewellery ________ (belong) to the President's wife
has been stolen.
A belonging B to belong C being belonged D have belonged.
5. Persuasion is the art of _______ (get) other people to do something or to believe
something without _______ (compel) to do so.
A being got / have been compelled B getting / being compelled C have got / be
compelled D get / having compelled.
6. I'm going to do my food shopping online and ________ (food / deliver) to my
house.
A to have food delivered B having food delivered C deliver food D have food
delivering.
7. If your plane has crashed high in the mountains, it’s best ________ (keep) close
to the plane. Rescuers have got a better chance of _______ (find) the plane than one
person alone.
A to keep / finding B keeping / found C kept / to have found D keeping / being
found.
8. If you are lost in a snow storm it’s best ______ (dig) a hole and sit in it until it
stops ______ (snow).
A digging / being snowed B dig / to have snowed C dug / snowed D to dig / snowing.
9. Don`t you understand that all personal sentiments ought _______ (put aside).
A have put aside B being put aside C to have been put aside D to put aside.
10. _______ (be) to England before, I knew where to find a good hotel.
A have been B to be C being D having been.

Read the texts below and choose the correct answer (A, B, C or D).
Task 4.
What happens next?
The New York attorney general has asked for a variety of actions, (1) _______
the removal of the current trustees of certain trusts holding Trump Organization
assets.
Trump has already responded, (2) _______ it a witch hunt, which is consistent
with the way he has responded to lawsuits in the past. I expect he will employ any
available procedural tactics (3) ______ (4) ______ this suit as long as he can.
Eventually, he will be called (5) ______, and he will have to answer the claims
(6) _______ to him.
If he refuses (7) _______ , the attorney general can act to protect the public,
and the Trump family businesses would not be authorized (8) _______ in New York.
Ultimately, the state can shut the businesses down, if need be.
1. A having included B included C including D to include;
2. A to call B calling C having called D to have called;
3. A to delay B delaying C to have delayed D having delayed;
4. A to answer B having answered C answering D to have answered;
5. A responding B to respond C to have responded D having responded;
6. A putting B having put C to put D put;
7. A responding B to respond C to have responded D having responded;
8. A to operate B operating C having operated D to be operated.

Task 5.
Does the lawsuit increase the chances of criminal charges?
It certainly increases the possibility there might be criminal charges in the
future. It also fans the flames that Trump continues (1) ______ in (2) ______ that he
is being unfairly targeted, which appears (3) _____ part of his attempt (4) ______
the American legal system. In fact, he is being asked (5) ______ by the same rules
that apply to everyone else.
I will be very interested (6) ______ whether and how the IRS responds – the
IRS strives (7) _______ an apolitical organization, but unfortunately, anything
(8) _______ this particular former president is treated by a vocal minority as
inherently political.
1. A stroking B to stroke C to be stroked D to have stroked;
2. A claiming B to claim C to have claimed D to be claiming;
3. A to be B being C to have been D having been;
4. A to discredit B discrediting C in discrediting D of discrediting;
5. A playing B to play C having played D to have played;
6. A in seeing B of seeing C to see D to have seen;
7. A being B having been C of being D to be;
8. A to involve B involves C involved D involving.

Task 6.
The General Assembly as a forum for adopting multilateral treaties
The General Assembly is composed of representatives from each UN Member
State and is the main deliberative body on matters (1) ______ to international law.
Many multilateral treaties are in fact (2) ______ by the General Assembly and
subsequently opened for signature and ratification. The Legal (Sixth) Committee
assists the work of the General Assembly (3) ______ advice on substantive legal
matters. The Committee is also made up of representatives from all UN Member
States.
The General Assembly has adopted several multilateral treaties throughout its
history, including for example Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of the
Crime of Genocide (1948).
In many areas, the legal work of the United Nations has been pioneering,
(4) ______ problems as they take on an international dimension. The UN has been
at the forefront of efforts (5) ______ a legal framework in such areas as (6) ______
the environment, (7) ______ migrant labour, (8) ______ drug trafficking and
terrorism.
1. A to relate B relating C being related D having related;
2. A being adopted B adopted C to adopt D having adopted;
3. A by providing B to provide C of providing D in providing;
4. A to address B having addressed C addressing D being addressed;
5. A in providing B by providing C to provide D of providing;
6. A of protecting B to protect C protection D protecting;
7. A to regulate B of regulating C regulation D regulating;
8. A to curb B in curbing C curb D curbing.

CONDITIONALS AND WISH CLAUSES

Read the following sentences and choose the correct answer (A, B, C or D).
Task 1.
1. Many unique plants and animals ______ (become extinct), if people ______ (cut
down) rainforests.
A didn`t become extinct / were going to cut down B won`t become extinct / have cut
down C haven`t become extinct / would cut down D would have become extinct /
had cut down.

2. ______ the press ______ (respect) Princess Diana’s privacy more, she might not
have been killed in a traffic accident. She was trying to avoid the newspaper
photographers when the accident happened.
A Had / respected B Should / respect C Does / respect D Would / respect.
3. My mother is an excellent cook, and I really wish she ______ (make) our
wedding cake, but she’ll be very busy with other things.
A should make B has made C could make D will make.
4. If you ______ (take) your medicine yesterday, you ______ (be well) today.
A took/will be well B would take/have been well C had taken/would be well D were
taken/would have been well.
5. Unless they______ (aid) by radar, ships and aircraft ______ (move)
cautiously or not at all in dense fog.
A have aided / are moving B are aided / must move C aided / should be moving;
D were aided / ought to move.
6. She ______ (respect) the head of her department more if he ______ (take)
more professional attitude towards his work.
A has respected / were taking B could respect / will take C will respect /
might take D would respect / took.
7. Don’t you think if you _____ (take) that other job, then you _____ (face)
unemployment now that the factory is closing down?
A will take / won’t be facing B had taken / wouldn’t be facing C have been
taken / haven’t faced D took / weren’t facing.
8. If the passport officials _____ (take) so long to pass everybody through
the border controls, we _____ (arrive) in the ski resort in time to ski today,
and now we’ve wasted our first day.
A hadn`t taken / would have arrived B won`t take / have arrived C haven`t taken /
would arrive D didn`t take / were going to arrive.

9. If I ______ (dye) my hair yesterday, my friends ______ at me today.

A have dyed / were laughing B dyed / would laugh C will dye / are laughing;
D hadn`t dyed / wouldn`t be laughing.
10. I wish the finals _____ (hold) on a weekend because most of my friends work
on weekdays. I would have liked them to come and see me.
A had been held B were holding C could have held D have been held.

Task 2.
1. ______ a tiger stands still, it is invisible in the jungle.
A Supposing B As if C So long as D In case.

2. ______ Louise were working today, she would know where the
accounting records are kept.
A In case B Even though C Unless D If only.

3. Since the raising of the water level one can get there by boat, ______ the
vegetation around the temple itself is cleared.
A even if B unless C as long as D on condition that.

4. ______ you have purchased tickets, you won`t be able to attend the show.
A Even if B Unless C As if D Supposing.

5. The sun appears to be shining on your computer screen. You can avoid the
reflection of the sun shining _______ you close the curtains.
A provided B whereas C in case D unless.

6. ______ you were to qualify for the finals, how would you feel appearing
on television?
A As long as B Supposing C Unless D Whether.

7. ______ they are not fully booked up, we can stay at the campsite on the
island.
A Unless B As if C Providing D Whether.

8. ______ you plan to be walking after dark or not, it is a good idea to take a
torch along when you are hiking in rough terrain.
A Whether B Even if C Provided D In case.

9. If you are hiking or climbing in the mountains, you should always take a
survival bag ______ you get injured. In an emergency, a survival bag keeps
you warm, while the other hikers go for help.
A as if B in case C when D unless.

10. He ought to pay the fine, ______ he might go to prison.

A while B if C unless D otherwise.

Task 3.
1. If they don`t accept you at the London School of Economics, which other
universities ______ ?
A did you apply B could you apply C should you apply D will you apply.
2. What will you do if you ______ ?
A would miss your plane B miss your plane C missed your plane D will miss your
plane.
3. He would be more friendly if he ______ ?
A realizes who we are B will realize who we will be C realized who we were
D would realize who we had been.
4. If I hadn`t arrived, they ______ what to do.
A wouldn`t have known B hadn`t known C don`t know D will not know.
5. If I leave you my personal diary, ______ ?
A do you take care of it B would you take care of it C have you taken care of it
D will you take care of it.
6. If you take more exercise, you _____ .
A get fit B will get fit C have got fit D are getting fit.
7. The previous night was terrible! I wish I _____ yesterday.
A wouldn`t oversleep B oversleep C weren`t oversleeping D hadn`t overslept.
8. ______ the operation he would have died.
A but on B but after C but for D but of.
9. We ______ (move) to Scotland when I was a child, I would have a Scottish
accent now.
A were moving B moved C would move D had moved.
10. If road travel _____ than railway travel in this country, we wouldn`t have
so many traffic jams.
A wouldn`t be cheaper B weren`t cheaper C isn`t cheaper D won`t be cheaper.

Read the texts below and choose the correct answer (A, B, C or D).
Task 4.
Once upon a time, there was a young girl named Sarah. She was an avid reader
and loved nothing more than getting lost in the pages of a book.
She often thought to herself, «If only I (1) _____ the time to write a book, then
I (2) _____ a writer».
But one day, Sarah's teacher assigned a writing project for the class, and it was
then when she realized that if she (3) _____ aside a little bit of time every day to
work on her writing, she (4) _____ her dream into reality. So, she began to write
every day after school for a short period of time.
And as she wrote, her stories started to take shape, and before she knew it, she
had written an entire novel.
She showed it to her teacher, who was impressed with her work and
encouraged her to submit it to a publisher. If she (5) _____ that teacher that gave her
an assignment, she (6) _____ writing.
After a few rejections, one publisher finally accepted her book, and soon it
was being read by people all over the world.
Sarah realized that the key to achieving her dreams was persistence and
dedication. If she (7) _____ after the first rejection, she (8) _____ a published author.
1. A had had B have had C had D would have;
2. A could become B will become C can become D became;
3. A set B sets C would set D can set;
4. A can turn B will turn C turned D could turn;
5. A hadn`t had B didn`t have C had no D wouldn`t have;
6. A had never started B wouldn`t start C would have never started D would never
start;
7. A had given up B gave up C would give up D would have given up;
8. A would never become B didn`t become C hadn`t become D would have never
become.

Task 5.
Despite a lot of failures Joanne Rowling kept writing and writing, and one day
she was able to make her dream a reality. If she (1) _____ in herself and her work,
she (2) _____ that level of success.
But also, if she (3) _____ her free time reading, she (4) _____ the passion for
writing. And if the publisher (5) _____ a chance on an unknown author like her, her
book (6) _____ .
Now, if she (7) _____ to participate in a book fair, she (8) _____ . When she
receives a good review, she will be very happy. If she sells out all her books, she
will consider writing a new one. And if she wins an award, she will be over the
moon!
1. A didn`t believe B wouldn`t believe C doesn`t believe D had not believed;
2. A would never have reached B would never reach C didn`t reach D doesn`t reach;
3. A didn`t spend B wouldn`t spend C wouldn`t have spent D hadn't spent;
4. A wouldn`t develop B wouldn't have developed C didn`t develop D won`t
develop; 5. A didn`t take B wouldn`t take C had not taken D wouldn`t have taken;
6. A wouldn`t publish B wouldn`t have published C didn`t publish D would have
never been published;
7. A is invited B will be invited C invites D will invite;
8. A certainly goes B would certainly go C will certainly go D certainly went.

Task 6.
The mystery of the red truck
 It has been confirmed that late on the night of the sixth of July, a large red
truck ran into the bakery on Maryland Street. After an initial investigation by police,
it is now clear that the truck had no driver at all. The locals are asking a simple
question: «Where was the driver?» If the police (1) _____to solve this mystery, they
(2) _____ the CCTV footage from the street. One of the locals said: «We're all quite
worried about a truck with no driver. This truck has never been seen in the
neighbourhood before. If we (3) _____ that truck before, we (4) _____ this mystery
now». Many locals share the same concerns. They want to know what's happening
in their town.
A witness at the crime scene told police: «There was a loud noise coming from
the truck while it was going towards the building and its speed... it was unbelievable.
If it (5) _____ slower, I (6) _____ a chance to see the driver. But all I saw was the
truck speeding into the bakery as fast as it could».
The police have already spoken with eleven other residents, but no one knows
any further details about the incident. Superintendent Amanda Slippers remarked:
«This is a tough case. The truck license plate belongs to this town, but nobody has
seen it here. According to the town records, the owner of the truck moved away from
here years ago. No one knows where to. If we (7) _____ the owner, we (8) _____
this mystery».
1. A want B wants C will want D would want;
2. A would need B will need C need D don`t need;
3. A saw B would see C would have seen D had seen;
4. A would solve B would have solved C solved D will solve;
5. A was going B would be going C were going D had been going;
6. A would have had B had have C wil l have D had;
7. A locate B had located C located D would locate;
8. A would have probably solved B probably solved C will probably solve D would
probably solve.

MODAL VERBS AND SYNONYMOUS EXPRESSIONS

Read the following sentences and choose the correct answer (A, B, C or D).
Task 1.
1. How _________ he try to come here legally?
A ought B dare C might D has to.
2. _______ this message contain blocked images?
A have to B need C could D should
3. The character of this person _______ have been spoilt because of his criminal
activities.
A ought B should C may D has to
4. The manager took responsibility for the situation and apologized twice. He
________ feel guilty.
A would B need C ought D was able
5. He ______ read Arabic when he was ten.
A dare B could C ought D shall
6. If officials misuse their power, they _______ answer finally for what they`ve
done.
A might B must C would D can.
7. In areas under Taliban control, women _______ go out of their houses without
their husband`s permission.
A wouldn’t B mustn’t C don`t have to D aren`t able to.
8. What _______ cause the recent and the most powerful earthquake in Turkey`s
recorded history?
A could B should C need D had to
9. A 24-year-old student from Cincinnati died of a tooth infection last week because
he ________ afford a high-cost medication.
A should not B might not C could not D must not
10. I`ve already cleaned the car so you _______ bother to do it.
A wouldn`t B needn`t C can`t D isn`t likely to.

Task 2.
1. Do not burn bridges and do not make decisions that you ________ regret.
A ought B might C need D had better
2. A strong opening statement _________ have a great influence on the jurors.
A may B ought C need D should
3. How ________ you think that I treat my kids wrong?
A should B dare C ought D must
4. The summons tells the defendant who sued him, and when and where he _______
defend himself.
A is able to B must C ought D had better
5. There are certain things you ________ share on social networks for your own
safety.
A should not B could not C may not D don`t have to
6. A just society ________ not to use the death penalty as a form of punishment.
A should B would C ought D could
7. Congress has the power to fix the number of judges sitting on the Court and, within
limits, decide what kind of cases it may hear, but it ________ change the powers
given to the Supreme Court by the Constitution itself.
A don`t have to B mightn’t C can’t D wouldn`t
8. Football ________ be the most popular of the sports that involve kicking a ball
with the foot to score a goal.
A have to B should C ought D shall
9. ________ you like to taste coffee? - Well, I do love the smell of coffee, but I
_______ drink it as it causes serious pain in my stomach.
A should/mustn`t B would/can`t C could/needn`t D ought/wouldn`t
10. If you have any personal opinion as to what the law ________ to be, you must
put that opinion aside and accept and apply the law as it is.
A ought B may C must D should

Task 3.
1. Jurors ________ hold the making of objections against a lawyer or the lawyer's
client, because it is a lawyer's duty to represent the client in this way.
A shouldn’t B are not able to C can`t D wouldn`t
2. You _______ have heard of a 27-foot-long crocodile that once dwelled in East
Africa and was large enough to swallow humans.
A might B ought C would D need
3. The same person ________ serve as President of Ukraine for more than two
consecutive terms.
A needn’t B mightn’t C can’t D wouldn`t
4. Texas employers tell smokers they _______ apply for work if they refuse to give
up the habit.
A needn’t B wouldn’t C couldn’t D mightn`t
5. The defendant ________ be notified of the suit and given an opportunity to answer
or challenge the complaint.
A is able to B must C ought D had better
6. A candidate ________ be nominated by a party or by an election bloc of parties.
A ought B may C need D is able
7. Goal-line technology ________ to be introduced into the English Premier League
midway through the next season.
A ought B may C must D would
8. Persons who may be affected by the statement of the investigator or procurator to
drop the case ________ make an appeal to the court.
A ought B need C can D might
9. The explorers _________ have worried, their programme was successful and
employed.
A won`t B wouldn’t C needn’t D aren`t able to
10. Service of process ________ be made within six months after filing the
complaint.
A ought B must C may D had better
Read the texts below and choose the correct answer (A, B, C or D).
Task 4.
In order to be convicted on charges for receiving stolen property, a prosecutor
will typically have to prove the following elements first:
• The property (1) ______ before it was received;
• The property (2) _______ by some other individual aside from the thief who
allegedly stole it;
• The person who receives the stolen property (3) ______ actual knowledge or
(4) _____ that the property in question was stolen;
The receiver (5) ______ the intent to permanently deprive the rightful owner
of their property (e.g., by keeping it, hiding it, selling it, giving it away, etc.).
Again, the rules and requirements for proving the crime of receiving stolen
property will vary by jurisdiction. Thus, in some states, a prosecutor (6) ______
demonstrate that the defendant aided a thief by accepting and/or purchasing the
stolen goods. In addition, other states (7) ______ between the act of possessing and
receiving stolen property.
Therefore, you (8) _______ hiring a local criminal defense attorney
immediately for further advice on the relevant laws in your state and to provide legal
representation in criminal court if you are facing charges for receiving stolen
property.
1. А should have been stolen B must have been stolen C should be stolen D must be
stolen;
2. A must be received B must have been received C should be be received D should
have been received;
3. A must have either had B must either have C should have either had D should
either have;
4. A should know B should have known C must know D must have known;
5. A must have possessed B should have possessed C needn`t have possessed D must
possess;
6. A should need to B can need to C may need to D might need to;
7. A may distinguish B can distinguish C should distinguish D need to distinguish;
8. A need consider B should consider C must consider D have to consider.

Task 5.
What Happens When Stolen Property Is Found?
Some things that (1) _____ when stolen property is found include:
• The receiver (2) ____ both civilly and criminally for not reporting the stolen
property to the police;
• The receiver (3) _____ to hold the seller or thief liable for giving them stolen
property;
• The receiver (4) _____ if they are convicted of this crime;
• The thief (5) _____ and punished accordingly if the individual (6) _____;
• The receiver (7) ____ of the crime if they did not know that the property was
stolen; and/or
• If the receiver is convicted of receiving stolen property, then the crime will
appear on their criminal record.
According to general receiving stolen property laws, it is a crime to accept or
purchase any property which you believe or have actual knowledge that it was
obtained through illegal means, such as theft. However, receiving stolen property is
its own separate crime and thus (8) _____ with the similar criminal acts of theft,
robbery, or extortion.
1. A can happen B may happen C might happen D must happen;
2. A can sue B must sue C can be sued D must be sued;
3. A may be able B can be able C should be able D must be able;
4. A may be punished B might be punished C can be punished D must be punished;
5. A can also be charged B may also be charged C should also be charged D might
also be charged;
6. A may be found B should be found C must be found D can be found;
7. A may be cleared B can be cleared C should be cleared D must be cleared;
8. A can`t be confused B should not be confused C may not be confused D might
not be confused.

Task 6.
As we get older and when we think about our past, we sometimes ponder the
things that we (1) ____. And we also (2) ____ those things we did badly and the
mistakes we made. In reality, we (3) ____ from our mistakes and hope to never make
them again. For example, if I failed a test because of a lack of study, the next test I
will hope to pass because of hard work.
Remember too that some regrets are not based in reality, and we (4) ____ time
thinking that they are. Would I have really not have been involved in a car crash
if I had been driving more slowly? After all, the other driver (5) ____ and not playing
with their radio. We (6) ____ honest with ourselves and live in the now. The only
things we (7) ____ are the things happening now, in this moment. We (8) ____ on
the present.
1. A should have done B must have done C should do D must do;
2. A might regret B may regret C can regret D ought to regret;
3. A should always learn B may always learn C can always learn D must always
learn;
4. A can waste B can`t waste C shouldn`t waste D may waste;
5. A must have been concentrated B ought to have been concentrated C could have
been concentrated D was able to have been concentrated;
6. A must be B can be C may be D have to be;
7. A can control B may control C should control D has to control;
8. A need to be focusing B have to focus C need to focus D can focus.

SECTION II. VOCABULARY IN USE

Part 1. Phrasal Verbs
Read the sentences below. Fill in the correct preposition (A, B, C or D).
Task 1
1. He could not account ____ 5.000 Euro missing from the company's books.
A of B for C out D in
2. You must be acquainted _____ all the facts before stating your opinion.
A for B in C with D at
3. The police will advice you _____ how to discourage burglars.
A about B of C on D to
4. He aimed ____ the target and fired the gun.
A to B in C at D out
5. The money that the children collected amounted _____ $600.
A in B on C to D at
6. The government appealed ____ the public to stay calm during the crisis.
A at B out C in D to
7. Henry is very ashamed _____ his behaviour at last night's party.
A for B of C with D at
8. She is extremely attached ______ her parents.
A to B on C with D from
9. Thomas is always aware ______ his mother's over-protective attitude.
A from B on C at D of
10. There has been another military attack _____ the bases in Southern Spain.
A in B for C out D on

Task 2
1. Dad can't come to the phone. He's busy ____ the cooking.
A in B with C about D on
2. You can't blame me _____ the accident; I wasn't even there.
A with B of C for D in
3. She always puts the blame _____ me for things I haven't done.
A on B in C of D to
4. There will be an extra charge _____ delivering the goods to your home.
A for B with C of D in
5. The suspect has been arrested and charged _____ robbery.
A in B with C for D on
6. You should take care _____ your teeth.
A about B with C on D of
7. Jane was clever ____ history and always received the highest mark.
A at B in C with D about
8. It was very clever _____ you to find the answer.
A at B of C with D for
9. The patient was complaining ______ a pain in his chest.
A over B with C to D of
10. The secretary was always complaining _______ having too much work.
A about B to C with D for
11. I would like to congratulate you ______ passing your exam.
A with B of C on D in

Task 3
1. Help! The house is _____ fire.
A at B of C on D in
2. After running up the hill, I was ______ breath.
A in B out of C off D of
3. The miners have been ______ strike for two months.
A on B at C for D out
4. John Prior isn’t here; he’s _______ duty.
A in B off C at D on
5. The police have got the riot ______ control.
A under B in C off D against
6. She is away _______ business in America.
A at B with C for D on
7. The lift has been ______ order for three days.
A off B at C out of D in
8. The new rules are still _______ discussion.
A at B under C for D against
9. What you’re saying is ________ the point; it’s not relevant at all.
A out of B at C off D about
10. The thief was _______ arrest for stealing a woman’s handbag.
A under B in C with D for

Task 4
1. He is identical _____ his brother.
A to B as C with D about
2. We were impressed ______ her performance.
A of B with C on D in
3. Ann made a bad impression ______Steve’s parents.
A by B with C on D about
4. She is jealous _______ her well-off sister-in-law.
A of B with C for D to
5. Mr Smith is keen ______ photography.
A with B against C to D on
6. This diet is lacking _______ vitamins.
A of B to C in D with
7. There is a lack ______ iron in her blood.
A at B of C in D for
8. Don’t lean _______ the window; it may break.
A at B to C against D with
9. Ann got married _______ a pop singer.
A to B with C at D on
10. There is no need _______ more petrol.
A to B in C for D with
Task 5
1. If you persist _____ talking during class, I will have to punish you.
A on B in C at D with
2. Our tour guide was very pleasant _______ us during our holiday.
A for B to C about D with
3. John was very pleased ______ the way his painting turned out.
A to B in C for D with
4. He took pleasure ______ watching his grandchildren play in the garden.
A in B on C of D about
5. May I have the pleasure ______ your company at the dance tomorrow?
A at B of C with D for
6. Thick fog prevented the plane _____ taking off.
A from B of C in D on
7. They had a quarrel _______ the date of the party.
A about B with C of D on
8. I had a quarrel _____ Stephen last night.
A to B of C against D with
9. It took him a long time to recover _____ the injuries.
A after B of C from D for
10. There was no reason _______ his reckless actions.
A of B for C at D in

Task 6
1. The lifeguard saved the child ________ drowning.
A of B from C off D in
2. She’s sensitive _______ the needs of her daughter.
A to B at C with D on
3. He was sorry _______ the way he had behaved at the party.
A at B about C with D in
4. Tom was sorry _______ damaging his neighbour’s fence.
A for B of C in D at
5. Ann spent all her pocket money _____ sweets.
A in B at C on D off
6. Rod sympathized ______ Lisa’s situation.
A to B with C for D at
7. You were not sympathetic ________ that man.
A at B of C towards D against
8. This bread tastes ________ garlic.
A in B on C from D of
9. She hasn’t got a lot of taste ______ clothes.
A in B on C at D for
10. It’s typical _____ Jim to forget his keys.
A from B for C of D to

Read the sentences below. Fill in the correct particle (A, B, C or D).
Task 7
1. What are the children _____? They are quiet.
A up B up to C up against D over
2. We are ___________ bad weather this week.
A away B on at C in for D over
3. I hope nobody disturbs me; my favourite television programme will be _______
in five minutes.
A out B off C after D on
4. I have broken my leg skiing, so I will be _______ work for two months.
A over B at C back D off
5. If she is late for our date again, I will be _______ with him.
A over B through C out of D off
6. If you press the wrong buttons, the machine will break ________ .
A down B in C off D through
7. Schools break ______ for Easter on 2nd April.
A out B up C down D off
8. The robbers used iron bars to break ________ the bank.
A in B into C through D away
9. When she was told her mum was in hospital she broke __________ .
A down B off C through D in
10. The water managed to break _______ the flood barrier.
A off B down C through D over
11. Stella broke ___________ her engagement last week.
A in B up C out D off

Task 8
1. By stealing, Frank brought _________ his dismissal from work.
A down B about C off D over
2. This music brings _______ happy memories.
A to B back C out D along
3. The author will bring ______ his new novel soon.
A in B about C to D out
4. We managed to bring him ______ by splashing his face with water.
A about B round C together D on
5. The meeting has been brought ________ to tomorrow evening.
A in B forward C out D to
6. She was eventually brought _______ to my point of view.
A round B off C on D back
7. They had to call _________ the football match because of the weather.
A back B in C off D out
8. My boss is calling ________ us tonight at 8 o'clock.
A on B to C back D up
9. All men over 18 will be called __________ to fight in the war.
A in B back C up D over
10. This situation calls ________ immediate action.
A over B for C out D in

Task 9
1. I didn't mean to buy so much but I got carried _______ .
A off B on C away D out
2. The police are carrying ________ an investigation into the cause of Sandra's
death.
A over B out C off D through
3. I don't feel well but I'll carry _______ working anyway.
A on B off C away D over
4. Despite the difficulties, we managed to carry _____ the project.
A over B away C off D on
5. I came _____ my old photo album while tidying up.
A at B by C down D across
6. Good jobs are hard to come_______ these days.
A by B into C off D on
7. I feel terrible! I must be coming ______ the flu.
A up B down with C out D through
8. When Sally's uncle died, she came_____ a small fortune.
A by B up with C to D into
9. The details of the corruption scandal eventually came ______ .
A in B off C out D round
10. He eventually managed to come_____ a solution.
A up to B through C in D up with

Task 10
1. If you don't pay your water bill, your water supply will be cut ____ .
A across B off C back D in
2. I'm not cut _____ working in office.
A out B out for C up D to
3. You must cut ______ the amount of sugar you consume.
A into B in C off D down on
4. I wanted to overtake the lorry but a car from behind cut _____ between us.
A to B through C up D in
5. He cut _____ the conversation to ask to go out.
A across B into C up D down
6. The village was cut _____ for days because of the snow.
A off B out C up D to
7. The Prime Minister's decided to cut _____ government spendings.
A off B through C back on D up
8. Most countries have done ________ the death penalty.
A out B away with C with D up
9. You shouldn't do your parents ______ . They care about you.
A out B with C down D up
10. I'm really thirsty. I could do _____ a drink.
A up B with C out D in

Task 11
1. Please draw _____ from the edge of the cliff.
A in B on C back D up
2. He went to the bank to draw _____ some money.
A on B out C up D in
3. Look! The train has just drawn _______ .
A in B out C back D on
4. The lawyer drew _____ the contract for the sale of the property.
A out B on C in D up
5. I'm afraid you've fallen ______ with your schoolwork.
A for B in C behind D through
6. He fell _______ his father's point of view.
A in with B into C off D out
7. When John lost all his money, he fell ______ his father for support.
A apart B in C back on D on
8. The starving man fell_____ the food greedily.
A out B upon C for D through

Task 12
1. The roof is in danger of falling _______ .
A in B off C behind D back
2. He fell _____ her at first sight.
A through B out C in D for
3. They got ______ the stolen goods.
A off B on C through D away with
4. Ann is getting ____ her colleagues.
A on B on with C by D round
5. I don't understand what you are getting _____ .
A in B at C through to D out
6. He always gets _____ me by buying me presents.
A off B round C up D on with
7. I tried to call you last night but I couldn't get ______ you.
A on B over C across D through to
8. Get ____ the train quickly, before it leaves.
A round B up C with D on

Task 13
1. Her secret was given ______ by her friend by mistake.
A out B away C up D off
2. When milk turns sour, it gives ______ a horrible smell.
A in B up C off D to
3. The teacher's patience finally gave _______ .
A away B back C up D out
4. My aunt has gone ____ that pop quiz.
A along B back on C in for D by
5. The fireworks went _____ at midnight.
A into B off C on D out
6. There wasn't enough cake to go ______ .
A for B down C through D round
7. The detective carefully went ______ the facts with the witness.
A away B by C back on D over
8. The film was so sad she couldn't hold ______ her tears.
A down B back C off D on
9. We were held ______ on the motorway for three hours.
A back B up C to D over
10. I held _____ my anger until he'd left the room.
A with B off C in D up

Task 14
1. Can you turn _______ the radio; it’s too loud.
A on B off C in D down
2. This factory’s been turning ______ TV sets for 25 years now.
A up B into C out D over
3. In a crisis, I always turn ______ my father for help.
A away B on C in D to
4. We were surprised when John turned _______ at Ann’s wedding.
A up B in C off D down
5. They turned the attic ______ a playroom.
A on B to C into D out
6. Turn _______ the page and start reading silently.
A over B up C out D on
7. I’m rather tired, I think I’ll turn _______.
A on B in C down D off
8. When a better job turns _______, he will accept it.
A up B on C down D out

Task 15
1. Don’t worry. I will stand ______ you if you get into trouble.
A out B by C for D up
2. What does that red star you are wearing stand _______?
A by B on C up for D for
3. I had to stand __________ Steven when he was off sick.
A about B in for C out D up
4. You will really stand _______ in a crowd if you wear this yellow suit.
A up to B for C up D out
5. Timmy is too scared to stand ________ to his boss.
A up to B up C for D in for
6. Mary has taken ______ her mother in looks. They’re very alike.
A away B for C after D off
7. I was taken _________ completely by all his lies.
A on B in C down D out
8. When he retired, he took __________ collecting postcards.
A out B to C back D up
9. She took my mother _________ the headmistress.
A off B for C aback D in
10. He took _________ the company when his father died.
A out B over C up D back

Task 16
1. If you’d like to take a seat, I will see _______ changing your ticket.
A off B about C for D into
2. I took my parents to the airport and saw them _______.
A out B over C off D to
3. He tried to convince us he was an actor but we saw ________ him.
A to B about C for D through
4. You clear the table and I’ll see ________ the washing-up.
A for B to C with D at
5. Make sure you see _________ the property before you agree to buy it.
A to B over C out D about
6. The cold weather has finally set __________.
A about B down C in D up
7. They set ________ at 5.00 in the morning and returned at 9.00 in the evening.
A out B to C back D by
8. John insisted he was innocent and that somebody had set him ______.
A down B off C on D up
9. He decided to set ________ his own business.
A up B back C off D to
10. He was set ________ finishing the project before Monday.
A aside B down C on D out

Task 17
1. We put ________ $ 200 to buy Christmas presents.
A down B aside C in D on
2. The teacher put ________ his ideas well, helping us a lot.
A back B down C across D through
3. I put his bad mood ________ his losing that money last night.
A up to B up with C down to D out
4. We’d better put ________ our meeting until tomorrow; I’m busy now.
A off B in C on D up
5. The firemen tried hard to put the fire _______.
A back B in C down D out
6. Could you put me _______ to the manager, please?
A through B on C forward D off
7. He ran ______ his old friend, Tom, in Oxford Street last week.
A up B in C across D through
8. If you run ________ your friends unnecessarily, you risk losing them.
A down B off C through D up
9. We’ve run ________ sugar; could you go and buy some?
A in B off C out of D on
10. He ran ________ such big bills he couldn’t afford to pay them.
A away B after C down D up

Task 18
1. Without my glasses I can hardly make ______ the words on this page.
A for B out C off D up
2. She must have made _______ that story; it can’t be true.
A up B up for C for D over
3. They are made _______ each other; I’m sure they will get married.
A off B up to C up D for
4. They didn’t make ______ after their quarrel.
A up B for C off D over
5. Can you make the cheque _________ for $100?
A up to B off C out D up for
6. He bought her some flowers to make _______ his bad behaviour.
A up for B off C up D over
7. His grandmother passed ________ in March last year.
A away B by C off D over
8. At the party he passed himself _________ a rich businessman.
A out B through C off as D by
9. Help me to a seat; I think I’M going to pass ________.
A off B up C out D back
10. Don’t worry, I’m going to pay him _______ for what he did to you.
A down B back C up D off
Task 19
1. Cindy kept ______ information from the police.
A in B out C back D on
2. My boss told me to keep ______ the good work.
A out B up C after D at
3. If you don’t keep _______ all the homework, you might fail in the tests.
A down B in C up with D away
4. «You have to keep ______ a word limit of 200», the teacher said.
A from B off C to D at
5. He warned them to keep _________ the freshly painted benches.
A off B back C on D in
6. Darren was let _______ by the judge as this was his first offence.
A off B down C in D on
7. Vicky was often let _____ by her forgetful sister.
A into B in C up D down
8. Could you please look ________ this contract? If you agree, sign it.
A out B over C in D up
9. Ann has a nanny to look ______ her children while she’s at work.
A out B over C into D after
10. Look _______ poisonous mushrooms.
A into B out for C onto D through

Part 2. Idioms and Collocations

Task 20
Read the sentences below. Fill in the correct idiom (A, B, C or D).
1. Sorry, but I can’t watch the game with you tonight. I have to ______________.
A hit the roof B hit the books C hit the dust D hit the deck
2. It’s time for me to _____________. I’m so tired.
A hit the sack B hit a speed bump C hit the panic button D hit the nail on the head
3. I can’t believe she would cheat and ___________ like this! I really trusted her.
A pitch in B cost an arm and a leg C stab in the back D pig out
4. That name _____________, but I can’t quite remember where I know her from.
A rings alarm B rings a bell C rings up the bill D rings the curtain down
5. Wow, you’ve already finished your assignments? They aren’t due until next week.
You’re really _________.
A up in the air B on the ball C over the hill D in the black
6. Wow, Mary, you _____________. I love your dress!
A look like death warmed over B look like something the cat dragged in C look a
bit off D look like a million bucks
7. John was _________________, so he doesn’t know what it’s like to work hard.
A born with a silver spoon in his mouth B close-fisted C born yesterday D in the red
8. I know it’s hard having a sick family member, but ______________.
A keep at arm’s length B keep balls in the air C keep your chin up D keep at bay
9. My essay is due tomorrow morning! I have to __________ and get it done tonight.
A make ends meet B knuckle down C receive a kickback D pony up
10. She used to be the best hairstylist in town, but she’s really ________________.
A losing her cool B losing her bearings C losing her buttons D losing her touch

Task 21
Which idiom (A, B, C or D) from the list below matches each definition?
1. to suddenly stop a (usually dangerous) behavior, such as drinking alcohol
A go overboard B go with the flow C go cold turkey D go haywire
2. to deal with the reality of a situation and accept criticism and responsibility for
something you have done
A face the music B stop the music C have Van Gogh’s ear for music D make chin
music
3. to get rid of the stress
A blow a bundle B blow a deal C blow a fuse D blow off steam
4. to understand things or react quickly (and correctly) to a situation
A on the ball B up in the air C off the chain D over the hill
5. when everyone pays for their own meal at a restaurant
A Midas touch B living hand to mouth C to go Dutch D as genuine as a three-dollar
bill
6. something that is overly expensive and requires more money than you have
A break even B break the bank C break the ice D break the mould
7. making enough money to cover the necessities, like buying food and paying the
bills
A make a living B make ends meet C make a fortune D make a last-ditch effort
8. to be likely to steal
A have a finger in every pie B keep fingers crossed C keep a finger on the pulse
D have sticky fingers
9. it’s a general, unwritten rule learned from experience, as opposed to exact
guidelines
A golden rule B rule of thumb C ground rule D hard-and-fast rule
10. to start to be comfortable in a new situation: to begin to be confident or successful
A get cold feet B get itchy feet C find your feet D stand on your own two feet

Task 22
Read the sentences below. Fill in the correct idiom (A, B, C or D).
1. I expected the English test to be difficult, but it was _____________.
A hit piece B a piece of charcoal C a piece of cake D a piece of action
2. My friend is nervous about taking his driving test, but I'm ___________.
A as greedy as a wolf B as sick as pea soup C as cunning as a fox D cool as
a cucumber
3. Ever since her father was injured, she’s been working two jobs to __________.
A bring home the bacon B bring him to a standstill C bring sand to the beach
D bring up to date
4. I'm not sure which I enjoy more – pottery or dancing. It's like ____________.
A making your hair stand on end B comparing apples and oranges C carrot and stick
approach D chasing rainbows
5. Kevin is ____________ after committing tax fraud.
A over the moon B making a mountain out of a molehill C gaining ground
D in hot water
6. It shouldn't be too hard for __________ like you to learn Spanish.
A smart Alec B a smart cookie C Jack of all trades D a couch potato
7. Owen ________ to Joyce about her surprise party, so she knows what's happening.
A spiced things up B kept her chin up C spilled the beans D broke the ice
8. Sure, you took the wrong trail, but you got to see a beautiful waterfall. ________
.
A Every cloud has a silver lining B A rising tide lifts all boards C When it rains,
it pours D A storm is brewing.
9. He __________ when he borrowed a lot of money from a loan shark.
A poured oil on troubled waters B got into deep waters C went with the flow
D bought a lemon
10. I don’t have much time. I see you're definitely in trouble. So stop ________ and
tell me what actually happened.
A walking on air B holding out an olive branch C eating like a bird
D beating around the bush

Task 23
Which idiom (A, B, C or D) from the list below matches each definition?
1. A person who creates problems or is a bad influence on the other people.
A a hard nut to crack B an apple of my eye C a bad apple D the cream of the
crop
2. To get upset over something that has happened and cannot be changed.
A to butter someone up B to cry over spilled milk C to put all of one`s eggs in
one basket D egg someone on
3. A person who is excited about doing certain work.
A a copy cat B a nest egg C a cat nap D an eager beaver
4. To hear details about something secret.
A to be scattered to the four winds B to get wind of something C to throw caution
to the wind D to run like a wind
5. Someone who is completely innocent and wholesome.
A snow on the roof B as cold as an ice D on thin ice D pure as a driven snow
6. Common annoyance, something that is specifically annoying to people
A pet peeve B puppy love C pick of the litter D guinea pig
7. Someone or something dangerous pretending as gentle, weak or innocent.
A bull in a china shop B wolf in sheep's clothing C top dog D black sheep
8. Not judging or criticizing someone too much.
A to cut someone off B to cut out for C to cut corners D to cut someone some
slack
9. To start doing something new, usually in a gentle way that's not too difficult.
A get a grip B get away with something C get one's feet wet D get out
10. To be in a difficult situation.
A to be paid peanuts B to be in a pickle C to eat somebody out of house and
home D to have a cake and eat it too

Task 24
Read the sentences below. Choose the correct idiom (A, B, C or D).
1. That young politician was in the news every day for weeks, but now he seems to
have been forgotten.
A gone the extra mile B fallen off the radar C taken the biscuit D known no bounds
2. Everyone else was laughing, but Katie couldn't understand what was funny.
A see the joke B play the first violin C cry her eyes out D go the extra mile
3. Jean is making no progress with her research.
A is playing out of her own pocket B is going to tie the knot C is going/getting
nowhere D is crying her eyes out
4. BritTel is going to work together with SatCom to lobby the government.
A to steal a march on B to join forces with C to come to a standstill D to be on a
collision course with
5. The teacher was furious when Matt refused to do his homework.
A was flying high B took the wind out of his sails C flogged a dead horse D saw
red
6. The errors in the report really weren't Ned's fault, but he was blamed for them.
A has fallen into the trap B ran out of his steam C was taken aback D took/got the
flack for them
7. Tina is hoping her father will eventually become more reasonable and let her drive
the family car.
A live a dream world B play the waiting game C see reason/sense D live and let
live
8. Don't worry, it's just one of those problems where everyone gets upset and then
it's forgotten.
A the green-eyed monster B a storm in a teacup C a wild-goose chase D a whole
new ball game
9. As a president of a major company, Gary is used to being the focus of attention.
A taking centre stage B paying out of his own pocket C seeing the bright side D
talking at the top of his voice
10. I made so many mistakes! My boss must think I'm extremely unintelligent!
A as silent as a grave B as poor as a church mouse C as fresh as a daisy D as thick
as two short planks
Task 25
Which word (A, B, C or D) from the list below matches each definition?
1. email addresses, phone numbers, etc. for the people you know
A access B app C contact list D home page
2. something that you send with an email
A blog B attachment C server D icon
3. an individual combination of letters and digits that you use to log in to a website
A password B icon C bookmark D username
4. a way of accessing a favourite website quickly
A icon B bookmark C attachment D page
5. software that allows you to surf the web
A website B internet service provider/ISP C cloud D browser
6. a company that enables you to use the web
A internet service provider/ISP B app C wiki D server
7. software that helps you to locate the websites that you need
A microchip B search engine C server D hard disk
8. a large computer that holds information that can be accessed by smaller
computers
A laptop B desktop computer C server D tablet
9. to find your way around a website or between websites
A download B back up C run D navigate
10. a network of servers where you can store your data on the Internet
A cloud B scanner C browser D website