JUNE 2019 PAPER 3 PMS
1 (i) Two events A and B are such that P( A)=0.85 , P( B)=0.90 , and
P( A ∪ B)=0.95.
Calculate
(a) P( A ∩ B),
(b) P ( A ∩B c ).
State, with reasons, whether or not A and B are independent.
(ii) A bag contains 2 red and 3 green balls. Two balls are drawn
from the bag at random in succession without replacement.
(a) If the first ball drawn is red, find the probability that the
second ball is green.
(b) Find the probability that the two balls are of the same color.
(7, 2,4 marks)
2 (i) Given that f is a probability mass function of a discrete
random variable X , where f ( x 1 ) =p ( X=x 1 ), state a formula for
calculating.
(a) the expected value, E( X ), of X ,
(b) the variance, Var ( X ), of X .
(ii) A function f defined on the set ¿ is given by the table below.
x 1 m 6 8 12
0. 0. 0. 0.1
f (x) n
1 3 2 5
If f is the probabitity mass function of the random variable X and
E( X )=6.0, calculate,
(a) the values of the constants m and n,
(b) the variance of X ,
(c) P( X< 8).
(2, 11 marks)
3. (i) The probability density function, f , of a random variable, X , is
given by
{
f (x)= k (x+ 3),−3< x <3
0 , elsewhere
Calculate
(a) the value of the constant k ,
(b) the expected value of X ,
(c) P(0< X <2).
(ii) If the median of X is m , show that m satisfies the equation
m +6 m−9=0.
2
(10,3 marks)
4 (i) The cumulative distribution function, F , of a random variable
X is defined by
{
0 , x <1 ,
1
,1 ≤ x <2 ,
4
3
F (x)= , 2 ≤ x <3 ,
4
63
,3 ≤ x< 4 ,
64
1, 4 ≤ x
Calculate
(a) P( X=3),
(b) P(1< X ≤ 3).
(ii) The masses, M , of cubes of soap produced by a certain machine
are normally distributed with mean 400 g and standard deviation 1.6 g .
By using the cumulative distribution function of the standard normal
distribution, find the percentage of the cubes that will weigh
(a) less than 399 g,
(b) between 400.9 g and 402.9 g .
(iii) The machine develops a fault that affects only the mean mass of
the cubes. On investigation, technicians discover that 95 % of the
cubes produced weigh less than 4 02 g. What is the new mean mass?
(4, 6,3 marks)
5. (i) Let X 1 , X 2 , … , X n be a random sample of size n from an infinite
population with mean μ and variance σ 2.
(a) What do you understand by the sample mean X́ ?
(b) By calculating E( X́ ), show that X́ is an unbiased estimator of the
population mean μ.
(c) If the population sampled is a normal population, state the
distribution of X́ .
(ii) The masses of cows in a certain grazing settlement are normally
distributed with mean 500 kg and standard deviation 2 0 kg . Grazers
from this settlement usually sell their cows in the same cattle market.
(a) A trader buys 50 cows from this market. What is the probability
that the mean mass of these cows will be between 495 kg and 5 15 kg .
(b) How many cows must he buy in order to be 95 % sure that the
mean mass is at least 495 kg ?
(5, 4, 4 marks)
6. (i) Define the following terms as used in hypothesis testing:
(a) Null hypothesis,
(b) Test statistic,
(c) Critical region,
(d) Level of significance.
(ii) Outline the procedure of performing a test of a statistical
hypothesis.
(iii) The proprietor of Northern provision center (N.P.C) complains
that of recent, the average mass of sachets of detergent supplied by a
certain company is less than the stated value of 1 00 g. In order to
investigate the proprietors complaint, the company took a sample of
100 sachets and realized that their mean mass was 99.88 g with a
standard deviation of 0 .7 g .
By using this information and the procedure outlined in (ii), determine
at the 5 % level of significance if the proprictors complaint is justified.
¿ marks)
7. The marks obtained by 100 candidates in an examination are
summarized in the distribution below.
Marks, (x ) 10−19 20−29 30−39 40−49 50−59 60−69 70−79
Frequency.
3 20 35 25 7 5 5
(1)
(i) Calculate
(a) The mean mark
(b) The standard deviation of the marks
(ii) Draw the cumulative frequency curve for this distribution.
(iii) Using the curve drawn in (ii), determine
(a) the number of candidates who will pass the exam if the pass mark
is 45 .
(b) the least mark a candidate must earn to be awarded an A grade if
the top 10 % of the class is to carn an A grade.
(2, 3, 4, 2 marks)
8. The scores of 10 candidates in a mock exams and the final exams
are presented below:
Mock exam, 2 4 4 5 6 6 7 9 9
80
M 2 1 6 3 2 5 2 1 2
Final exam, 2 3 3 3 4 4 5 6 6
44
F 7 0 8 5 4 1 0 2 8
These marks are summarized as follows:
∑ M =624 , ∑ M 2=43488 , ∑ F=439 , F 2=20819. ∑ MF =29833
(a) Calculate, to two decimal places, the Pearson product-moment
correlation coefficient for this data.
(b) Find the least squares regression line of the final exam scores on
the mock exam scores.
(c) If the pass mark for the final exam is 40 , determine whether a
candidate who scored 60 in the mock exams but missed the final
exams would have passed.
( 8 , 2 ,3 marks ¿
