PHYSICS

Mechanics

1. Which of the following is an example of a scalar quantity?

o A) Velocity
o B) Force
o C) Speed
o D) Acceleration
Answer: C) Speed

2. What is the SI unit of force?

o A) Joule
o B) Newton
o C) Watt
o D) Pascal
Answer: B) Newton

3. Which law states that for every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction?
o A) Law of Universal Gravitation
o B) Newton's First Law
o C) Newton's Second Law
o D) Newton's Third Law
Answer: D) Newton's Third Law

4. A car accelerates from rest to a speed of 20 m/s in 10 seconds. What is its

acceleration?
o A) 2 m/s²
o B) 4 m/s²
o C) 10 m/s²
o D) 5 m/s²
Answer: A) 2 m/s²

5. Which of the following is true about an object in free fall near the Earth's
surface?
o A) Its velocity decreases at a constant rate
o B) It accelerates at a rate of 9.8 m/s²
o C) It moves with uniform motion
o D) Its acceleration depends on its mass
Answer: B) It accelerates at a rate of 9.8 m/s²

Work, Energy, and Power

6. Which of the following quantities is a measure of the energy possessed by an

object due to its motion?
 o A) Kinetic energy
o B) Gravitational potential energy
o C) Work
o D) Power
Answer: A) Kinetic energy

7. A 50 kg person climbs a 10 m high ladder. What is the person's gravitational

potential energy at the top? (Assume g = 9.8 m/s²)
o A) 500 J
o B) 4900 J
o C) 5000 J
o D) 1000 J
Answer: B) 4900 J

8. What is the unit of power?

o A) Joule
o B) Watt
o C) Newton
o D) Meter
Answer: B) Watt

9. The work done on an object is equal to the change in its:

o A) Speed
o B) Mass
o C) Kinetic energy
o D) Potential energy
Answer: C) Kinetic energy

10. If the force applied to an object is doubled and the displacement is also doubled,
the work done is:
o A) Halved
o B) Doubled
o C) Quadrupled
o D) Unchanged
Answer: C) Quadrupled

Electricity and Magnetism

11. What is the SI unit of electric current?

o A) Volt
o B) Ampere
o C) Ohm
o D) Coulomb
Answer: B) Ampere

12. Which of the following materials is a good conductor of electricity?

o A) Rubber
 o B) Wood
o C) Copper
o D) Plastic
Answer: C) Copper

13. What is the resistance of a wire if the potential difference across it is 12 V and
the current through it is 2 A?
o A) 6 Ω
o B) 24 Ω
o C) 4 Ω
o D) 12 Ω
Answer: A) 6 Ω

14. The magnetic field around a current-carrying wire is:

o A) Always perpendicular to the wire
o B) Always parallel to the wire
o C) Circular and concentric around the wire
o D) Radial and straight
Answer: C) Circular and concentric around the wire

15. What type of current is supplied by batteries?

o A) Alternating current
o B) Direct current
o C) Electric current
o D) Magnetic current
Answer: B) Direct current

Waves and Optics

16. Which of the following is the speed of light in a vacuum?

o A) 3.0 × 10⁸ m/s
o B) 3.0 × 10⁴ m/s
o C) 3.0 × 10⁶ m/s
o D) 3.0 × 10¹⁰ m/s
Answer: A) 3.0 × 10⁸ m/s

17. What is the frequency of a wave that has a period of 0.01 seconds?
o A) 100 Hz
o B) 10 Hz
o C) 1 Hz
o D) 0.1 Hz
Answer: A) 100 Hz

18. When light passes from air into water, its speed:
o A) Increases
o B) Decreases
o C) Remains the same
 o D) Becomes zero
Answer: B) Decreases

19. Which of the following phenomena is an example of diffraction?

o A) Bending of light around the edges of an obstacle
o B) Change in direction of light due to a change in medium
o C) Reflection of light from a mirror
o D) Transmission of light through a transparent material
Answer: A) Bending of light around the edges of an
obstacle

20. What type of wave is light?

o A) Longitudinal wave
o B) Transverse wave
o C) Mechanical wave
o D) Electromagnetic wave
Answer: D) Electromagnetic wave

Thermodynamics

21. What is the SI unit of temperature?

o A) Kelvin
o B) Celsius
o C) Fahrenheit
o D) Joule
Answer: A) Kelvin

22. Which law of thermodynamics states that energy cannot be created or

destroyed?
o A) First law
o B) Second law
o C) Third law
o D) Zeroth law
Answer: A) First law

23. Which of the following processes is an example of heat transfer by conduction?

o A) Heating a pan on a stove
o B) Heat from the sun warming the Earth
o C) A fan blowing hot air across a room
o D) Ice melting in your hand
Answer: A) Heating a pan on a stove

24. The efficiency of a machine is given by the ratio of:

o A) Output work to input work
o B) Input work to output work
o C) Output energy to input energy
 o D) Input energy to output energy
Answer: A) Output work to input work

25. What is the specific heat capacity of a substance?

o A) The amount of heat required to raise the temperature of 1
kg of the substance by 1°C
o B) The temperature at which a substance changes phase
o C) The heat required to change the state of the substance
o D) The amount of energy stored in the substance
Answer: A) The amount of heat required to raise the
temperature of 1 kg of the substance by 1°C

Modern Physics

26. The phenomenon of emission of electrons from a metal surface when light shines
on it is known as:
o A) Photoelectric effect
o B) Compton scattering
o C) Diffraction
o D) Nuclear fission
Answer: A) Photoelectric effect

27. Which of the following particles is involved in nuclear fission?

o A) Proton
o B) Neutron
o C) Electron
o D) Photon
Answer: B) Neutron

28. The mass-energy equivalence is given by the equation:

o A) F = ma
o B) E = mc²
o C) v = u + at
o D) P = W/t
Answer: B) E = mc²

29. In an atom, the number of protons determines the:

o A) Mass number
o B) Atomic number
o C) Number of neutrons
o D) Electron configuration
Answer: B) Atomic number

30. Which of the following is the smallest in size?

o A) Atom
o B) Nucleus
o C) Electron
 o D) Proton
Answer: C) Electron

Fluid Mechanics (continued)

31. Which of the following is the SI unit of pressure?

 A) Newton
 B) Pascal
 C) Joule
 D) Watt
Answer: B) Pascal

32. The buoyant force on an object submerged in a fluid is

equal to:

 A) The volume of the object

 B) The weight of the fluid displaced by the object
 C) The density of the object
 D) The volume of the fluid displaced by the object
Answer: B) The weight of the fluid displaced by the object

33. Which principle states that an increase in the speed of

a fluid results in a decrease in pressure?

 A) Archimedes' principle
 B) Bernoulli's principle
 C) Pascal's principle
 D) Boyle's law
Answer: B) Bernoulli's principle

34. When a fluid flows through a pipe of varying diameter,

the speed of the fluid is greatest:

 A) At the narrowest part of the pipe

 B) At the widest part of the pipe
 C) At the center of the pipe
 D) It is the same at all points in the pipe
Answer: A) At the narrowest part of the pipe

35. Which of the following factors does NOT affect the

viscosity of a liquid?

 A) Temperature
 B) Pressure
 C) Density
  D) Velocity of flow
Answer: D) Velocity of flow

Nuclear Physics

36. The process by which an unstable atomic nucleus loses

energy by emitting radiation is called:

 A) Fusion
 B) Fission
 C) Radioactive decay
 D) Ionization
Answer: C) Radioactive decay

37. Which of the following types of radiation has the

highest penetrating power?

 A) Alpha radiation
 B) Beta radiation
 C) Gamma radiation
 D) Neutron radiation
Answer: C) Gamma radiation

38. In nuclear fission, the total mass of the products is:

 A) Greater than the mass of the reactants

 B) Less than the mass of the reactants
 C) Equal to the mass of the reactants
 D) Unchanged
Answer: B) Less than the mass of the reactants

39. Which of the following isotopes is commonly used in

nuclear reactors as fuel?

 A) Uranium-238
 B) Uranium-235
 C) Carbon-14
 D) Radon-222
Answer: B) Uranium-235

40. The fusion process in stars primarily involves the

fusion of:

 A) Helium nuclei
 B) Proton nuclei
 C) Neutron nuclei
  D) Oxygen nuclei
Answer: B) Proton nuclei

Heat and Temperature

41. What is the process of heat transfer in a fluid where

warmer, less dense regions rise and cooler, denser regions
sink called?

 A) Convection
 B) Conduction
 C) Radiation
 D) Diffusion
Answer: A) Convection

42. The specific heat capacity of water is:

 A) High, meaning it heats up and cools down quickly

 B) Low, meaning it heats up and cools down quickly
 C) High, meaning it resists changes in temperature
 D) Zero, meaning it doesn't change temperature
Answer: C) High, meaning it resists changes in temperature

43. Which of the following is true about an object with a

high thermal conductivity?

 A) It is a good insulator
 B) It is a poor conductor of heat
 C) It allows heat to pass through easily
 D) It stores heat well
Answer: C) It allows heat to pass through easily

44. The heat required to change the temperature of 1 kg of

a substance by 1°C is called:

 A) Latent heat
 B) Specific heat capacity
 C) Heat of fusion
 D) Thermal energy
Answer: B) Specific heat capacity

45. The latent heat of fusion refers to the heat required to:

 A) Change a substance's temperature

 B) Melt a substance
 C) Boil a substance
  D) Condense a substance
Answer: B) Melt a substance

Sound

46. What is the speed of sound in air at room temperature

(20°C)?

 A) 300 m/s
 B) 1500 m/s
 C) 343 m/s
 D) 1000 m/s
Answer: C) 343 m/s

47. The frequency of a sound wave determines its:

 A) Loudness
 B) Pitch
 C) Speed
 D) Wavelength
Answer: B) Pitch

48. Which of the following materials would sound travel

fastest through?

 A) Air
 B) Water
 C) Steel
 D) Wood
Answer: C) Steel

49. What happens when two sound waves are in phase

with each other?

 A) They cancel each other out

 B) They reinforce each other
 C) They create no sound
 D) They change the pitch
Answer: B) They reinforce each other

50. What is the phenomenon of sound bending around

obstacles or openings called?

 A) Diffraction
 B) Reflection
 C) Refraction
 D) Absorption
Answer: A) Diffraction