COR2C5 - Computer Programming in C++ LAB

1.1 Sum of digit

// Program name: sum_of_digit.cpp

// compiler : g++ under Linux
// g++ -Wall sum_of_digit.cpp -o sum_of_digit
// run: ./sum_of_digit
/* sum of digit */

#include<iostream>
using namespace std;

int main( ) {
int s,n,n1;
s=0; //initialise s to zero
cout <<"\n enter the number : ";

cin >>n; //Read n

cout <<"the given number is "<<n;

do {
n1=n%10; // get remainder
s=s+n1; // add remainder to sum
n=n/10; // get quotient to reduce number by one digit
} while (n!=0); //check no of digit, if zero exit loop

cout <<" sum of digit is " <<s; //print sum

}

1.2 Reverse the Number

// Program name: digi_revers.cpp

// compiler : g++ under Linux
// g++ -Wall digi_revers.cpp -o digi_revers
// run: ./digi_revers
/* ex1.2.2 reverse the number */

#include <iostream>

using namespace std;

int main( ) {

int r, n;

cout <<"\n\t Enter the number : ";

cin >>n;

cout <<"\n\t Reversed number is ";

do {
r=n%10; // get remainder
n=n/10; //reduce digit by one digit
cout <<r; //print remainder
} while(n!=0);

cout << "\n";

} //end of program

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1.3 Factorial of a Number

// Program name: factorial.cpp

// compiler : g++ under Linux
// g++ -Wall factorial.cpp -o factorial
// run: ./factorial
/* ex1.3 factorial of a number */

#include <iostream>

using namespace std;

int main( ) {
int i,f,n;
f=1; // initialization
cout <<"\n Program will find factorial of given Number";
cout <<"\n\t enter the number : ";
cin >>n; //read input

for(i=1; i<=n; i++)

f=f*i; // find factorial using repetitively
// multiplication
cout <<"\factorial of number is "<<f; //print factorial
} //end of program

1.4 Fibonacci Series

// Program name: Fib_Series.cpp

// compiler : g++ under Linux
// g++ -Wall Fib_Series.cpp -o Fib_Series
// run: ./Fib_Series
/*
ex1.4 Fibonacci series using while loop
*/

#include <iostream>
using namespace std;

int main() {
int n, first = 0, second = 1, next;
cout << "\n\t Enter the number of terms: ";
cin >> n;
cout << "\t Fibonacci Seq.: " << first << " " << second << " ";
int i = 2;

while (i < n) {
next = first + second;
first = second;
second = next;
cout << next << " ";
i++;
}
return 0;
} // end of program

// Program name: Fib_Series.cpp

// compiler : g++ under Linux
// g++ -Wall Fib_Series.cpp -o Fib_Series
// run: ./Fib_Series
/*
ex1.4 Fibonacci series using for loop
*/

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#include <iostream>
using namespace std;

int main() {
int n, first = 0, second = 1, next;
cout << "\n\t Enter the number of terms: ";
cin >> n;
cout << "\t Fibonacci Seq.: " << first << " " << second << " ";

for (int i = 2, i < n, i++) {

next = first + second;
first = second;
second = next;
cout << next << " ";
}
return 0;
} // end of program

// Program name: Fib_Series.cpp

// compiler : g++ under Linux
// g++ -Wall Fib_Series.cpp -o Fib_Series
// run: ./Fib_Series
/*
ex1.4 Fibonacci series using function
*/

#include <iostream>
using namespace std;

// user define function

int fibSeries( int n)
{ int first = 0, second = 1, next;
cout << "\t Fibonacci sequence: " << first << " " << second << " ";
for (int i = 2; i < n; i++) {
next = first + second;
first = second;
second = next;
cout << next << " ";
}
} // end of function fibSeries( )

//main function
int main() {
int n, first = 0, second = 1, next;
cout << "\n\t Enter the number of terms: ";
cin >> n;
fibSeries(n);
return 0;
} // end of program

// Program name: Fib_Series.cpp

// compiler : g++ under Linux
// g++ -Wall Fib_Series.cpp -o Fib_Series
// run: ./Fib_Series
/*
ex1.4 Fibonacci series using recursion
*/

#include <iostream>
using namespace std;

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// user define function

void fib_recurcive (int n) {
static int first=0, second=1, next;
if(n-2 > 0) { // comparison must be n-2 times
next = first + second;
first = second;
second = next;
cout << next <<" ";
fib_recurcive(n-1);
} //end if
} // end of function fib( )

//main function
int main() {
int n ;
cout << "\n\t Enter the number of terms: ";
cin >> n;

cout << "\n\t Fibonnaci Series : ";

// Ptint fib series using for loop as follow
cout << "0 "<< "1 "; // print first two term
fib_recurcive (n); // print remaining terms
cout << endl;
return 0;
} // end of program

// Program name: Fib_Series.cpp

// compiler : g++ under Linux
// g++ -Wall Fib_Series.cpp -o Fib_Series
// run: ./Fib_Series
/*
ex1.4 Fibonacci series using recursion
*/

#include <iostream>
using namespace std;

// user define function

int fib (int n) {

if((n == 1) || (n == 0))
return(n);
else
return(fib(n-1) + fib(n-2));
} // end of function fib( )

//main function
int main() {
int n ;
cout << "\n\t Enter the number of terms: ";
cin >> n;

cout << "\n\t Fibonacci Series : ";

// Print fib series using for loop as follow

for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
cout << " " << fib(i);
}
/*
// Print fib series using while loop as follow
int i = 0;
while(i < n) {

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cout << " " << fib(i);

i++;
}
*/
cout << endl;
return 0;
} // end of program

1.5 Armstrong Number checking

// Program name: ArmstrongNumber.cpp

// compiler : g under Linux
// g -Wall ArmstrongNumber.cpp -o ArmstrongNumber
// run: ./ArmstrongNumber
/* ex1.5 Armstrong number */

#include <iostream>
#include <cmath> // to use pow(base, exp)

using namespace std;

int main( ) {
int sum = 0, num, n1 = 0, rem= 0, len = 0;
cout << "\n\t Enter the number : ";
cin >> num; //read input to n
n1=num; // make copy of input number

while (n1) {
len++; //count digits
n1=n1/10;
} // end while

n1=num; // make copy of input number again

do {
rem = num % 10; // separate LSD
num = num / 10; // reduce digit by one
sum = sum + pow (rem, len); // get sum after taking power of number
// raise to no of digit
} while (num != 0); //test that all digit has been exhausted

if(sum == n1) //check for Armstrong number

cout << "\n\t Given number " << n1 << " is Armstrong\n";
else
cout << "\n\t Given number " << n1 << " is not Armstrong\n";
} //end of program

1.6 Prime Number checking

// Program name: PrimeNumber.cpp

// compiler : g++ under Linux
// g++ -Wall PrimeNumber.cpp -o PrimeNumber
// run: ./PrimeNumber
/*
ex1.6 prime number
*/
#include <iostream>

using namespace std;

int main( ) {
int l, i, j, k, n;

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l=0; //l is flag set to true i.e., 0

system("clear"); //clear screen in Linux
// system("cls"); //clear screen in Windows
cout <<"\n\t enter the number : ";
cin >>n; //read input

for(i = 1; i <= n; i++) {

for(j = 2; j <= (i - 1); j++) {
k = i % j; // get remainder

if (k == 0) //if true then set flag variable to fails

l = 1;
else // else not prime
l = l;
} //endfor

if (l==0) //test for prime

cout << "\t\t" <<n <<" prime \n";
else
cout << "\t\t" <<i <<" not prime \n";

l=0;
} //endfor
} //end of program

1.7 Palindrome Checking

// Program name: Palindrome.cpp

// compiler : g++ under Linux
// g++ -Wall Palindrome.cpp -o Palindrome
// run: ./Palindrome
/*
ex1.7 palindrome or not using do ... while
*/
#include <iostream>

using namespace std;

int main( ) {
int num,n1=0,sum=0,rem=0;

cout << "\n\t Enter the number : ";

cin >> num; //read input
n1 = num; //preserve input
sum = 0;

do {
rem = num % 10; // find remainder
num = num / 10; // separate rhs digit
sum = sum * 10 + rem; // regenerate the number
} while(num != 0);

if(sum == n1)
cout << "\n\t The given number is " << n1 << " palindrome ";
else
cout << "\n\t The given number is " << n1 << " not palindrome ";
return 0;
} //end of program

1.8 Perfect Number checking.

// Program name: PerfectNumber.cpp

// compiler : g++ under Linux

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// g++ -Wall PerfectNumber.cpp -o PerfectNumber

// run: ./PerfectNumber
/*
ex1.2.9 Perfect number Checking
*/
#include <iostream>

using namespace std;

int main( ) {
int fact=0, num;
cout << "\n\t Enter the number : ";
cin >> num; //read input

for(int i = 1; i < num; i++) {

if ( (num % i) == 0 ) //test for remainder
fact = fact + i;
}

if (fact == num)
cout << "\n\t Number " << num << " is Perfect ";
else
cout << "\n\t Number " << num << " is not perfect";
} //end of program

1.9 write a C++ program to demonstrate simple function overloading

//ex1.9_functionOverloading.cpp
/*
C++ program to find area of square, rectangle, circle and triangle by using
function overloading
*/
#include<iostream>
using namespace std;
//user define functions
int area(int s) {
return(s*s); // return area of square
}

int area(int l,int b) {

return(l * b); // return area of rectangle
}

float area(float r) {
return(3.14 * r * r); // return area of circle
}
float area(float bs, float ht) {
return((bs * ht)/2); // return area of triangle
}
//main function
int main() {
int s, l, b;
float r, bs, ht;
cout << "Enter side of a square:";
cin >> s;
cout << "Enter length and breadth of rectangle:";
cin >> l >> b;
cout << "Enter radius of circle:";
cin >> r;
cout << "Enter base and height of triangle:";
cin >> bs >> ht;
cout << "\n Area of square is " << area(s);
cout << "\n Area of rectangle is " << area(l, b);

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cout << "\n Area of circle is " << area(r);

cout << "\n Area of triangle is " << area(bs, ht);
} // end of program
2.1 Find Summation of N numbers.

// Program name: Sum_of_series.cpp

// compiler : g++ under Linux
// g++ -Wall Sum_of_series.cpp -o Sum_of_series
// run: ./Sum_of_series

/* Summation of 'n' number for table of 3

use sum = sum + 3 * i ()
*/

#include <iostream>
using namespace std;

int main() {
int num, sum = 0;
cout << "\n\t Enter the number of terms : ";
cin >> num;

for(int i = 1; i <= num; i++)

sum = sum + (3 * i); // generate sum of successive number

cout << "\n\t Summation of " << num << " term is " << sum;
}

2.2 Print the Principal Diagonal and Secondary Diagonal

// MatrixDiagonals.cpp
// Program name: MatrixDiagonals.cpp
// compiler : g++ under Linux
// g++ -Wall MatrixDiagonals.cpp -o MatrixDiagonals
// run: ./MatrixDiagonals
// C++ Program to print the Diagonals of a Matrix

#include <iostream>
using namespace std;

const int COL = 10; // macro

// Function to print the Principal Diagonal

void printPrincipalDiagonal(int mat[][COL], int n) {
cout << "\n\t Print Principal Diagonal: ";

for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {

for (int j = 0; j < n; j++) {

// Condition for principal diagonal

if (i == j)
cout << mat[i][j] << ", ";
} // end for (inner)
} // end for (outer)
cout << endl;
} // enf of function printPrincipalDiagonal

// Function to print the Secondary Diagonal

void printSecondaryDiagonal(int mat[][COL], int n) {
cout << "\n\t Print Secondary Diagonal: ";

for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {

for (int j = 0; j < n; j++) {

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// Condition for secondary diagonal

if ((i + j) == (n - 1))
cout << mat[i][j] << ", ";
} // end for (inner)
} // end for (outer)
cout << endl;
} // enf of function printSecondaryDiagonal

// main program
int main() {
int row = 4;
int arry[][COL] = { { 1, 2, 3, 4 },
{ 5, 6, 7, 8 },
{ 9, 1, 2, 3 },
{ 4, 5, 6, 7 }
};

printPrincipalDiagonal(arry, row);
printSecondaryDiagonal(arry, row);
return 0;
} // end of program

2.3 Print the Sum of two 2D Matrix

// MatrixAdd.cpp
// Program name: MatrixAdd.cpp
// compiler : g++ under Linux
// g++ -Wall MatrixAdd.cpp -o MatrixAdd
// run: ./MatrixAdd
// C++ program for addition of two matrices
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
#define ROW 4
#define COL 4

// This function adds A[][] and B[][],

// and stores the result in C[][]
void add(int A[][COL], int B[][COL], int C[][COL]) {
int i, j;
for (i = 0; i < COL; i++)
for (j = 0; j < COL; j++)
C[i][j] = A[i][j] + B[i][j];
}

// main program
int main() {
int A[ROW][COL] = { { 1, 1, 1, 1 },
{ 2, 2, 2, 2 },
{ 3, 3, 3, 3 },
{ 4, 4, 4, 4 }
};

int B[ROW][COL] = { { 1, 1, 1, 1 },
{ 2, 2, 2, 2 },
{ 3, 3, 3, 3 },
{ 4, 4, 4, 4 }
};

// To store the result

int C[ROW][COL];
int i, j;
add(A, B, C);

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cout << "Result matrix is " << endl;

for (i = 0; i < ROW; i++) {
for (j = 0; j < COL; j++)
cout << C[i][j] << " ";

cout << endl;

} // end for

return 0;
} // end of program

Write a program to manipulate the string as given :

3.1 String copy

// Program Name: str_cpy.cpp

// compiler : g++ under Linux
// g++ -Wall str_cpy.cpp -o str_cpy
// run: ./str_cpy
// 4.1. copying string using character array

#include <iostream>
#include <cstring > // or we can use <string.h> also
using namespace std;
int main ( ) {
char s1[25], s2 [25]; // character array
// string s1, s2; // string variable

cout << "Enter a string: " ;

cin >> s1; // read string
// s2=s1; // use when s1, s2 is type string
strcpy(s2, s1); // call string copy function,
// if s1, s2 is of type char
cout << "strcpy (s2, s1) :" << s2;
} // end of program

3.2 String concatenation

// Program Name : str_cat.cpp

// compiler : g++ under Linux
// g++ -Wall str_cat.cpp -o str_cat
// run: ./str_cat
// Ex 4.2. string concatenation using character array

#include<iostream>
#include<cstring>

using namespace std;

int main ( ) {
char s1[40], s2 [25]; // character array
// string s1, s2; // does not require <cstring>
cout << "\n\t string concatenation using character array \n\n";
cout << "\t Enter string s1 : ";
cin >> s1;
cout << "\t Enter string s2 : ";
cin >> s2;
strcat(s1, s2);
cout << "\t strcat (s1, s2 ) : " << s1;
// cout << "strcat (s1, s2 ) : " << s1 = s2;
} //end of program

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3.3 String Comparison

// Program Name: str_cmp.cpp:

// compiler : g++ under Linux
// g++ -Wall str_cmp.cpp -o str_cmp
// run: ./str_cmp
// ex4.3 string comparison
#include<iostream>
#include<cstring>
using namespace std;

int main ( ) {
char s1[25], s2 [25];
cout << "\n\t String Comparison \n\n";
cout << "\t Enter string s1 : " ;
cin >> s1;
cout << "\t Enter string s2 : ";
cin >> s2;
// compare str1 and str2 lexicographically
int status = strcmp ( s1, s2 ); // store comparison status
cout << "\n strcmp (s1, s2 ): ";

switch(strcmp (s1, s2 )) {
case -1 :
cout << s1 << " is less then " << s2;
break;

case 0 :
cout << s1 << " is equal to " << s2;
break;

case 1 :
cout << s1 << " is grater then " << s2;
break;
} // end of switch()
} // end of program

3.4 String reverse

// Program Name: Rev_str.cpp

// compiler : g++ under Linux
// g++ -Wall Rev_str.cpp -o Rev_str
// run: ./Rev_str
// ex4.4 Reverse string
#include <iostream>
#include <cstring>
using namespace std;

int main ( ) {
char str[25];
cout << "\n\t Reverse String \n\n" ;
cout << "\t Enter a string :" ;
cin >> str;
// cout << "\t strrev (str) : " << strrev(str); // or use following
// to lines
strrev(str);
cout << "\t strrev (str) : " << str;
}

4.1 Give a suitable example for Single inheritance.

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// SingleInheritance01.cpp
// Example 8.1: Protected data member and accessing methods
// without arguments

#include<iostream>
using namespace std;

class A {
protected:
int a; // data members of class A

public:
void set_A() {
cout << "Enter the Value of a for class A = ";
cin >> a; // read value of a from KB
}

void disp_A() {
cout << endl << "Value of a for class A = " << a;
}
}; //end of class A (base class)

class B: public A {
int b, p; // data members of class A

public:
void set_B() {
set_A(); // call method from base class A
cout << "Enter the Value of b for class B = ";
cin >> b; // read value of a from KB
}

void disp_B() {
disp_A(); // call method from base class A
cout << endl << "Value of b of class B = " << b;
}

void cal_product() {
p = a * b;
cout << endl << "Product of " << a << " * "
<< b << " = " << p;
}
}; //end of sub class B

// main function
main() {
B obj_b; // drive class object
obj_b.set_B(); // call method of drive class
obj_b.cal_product(); // call method of drive class

return 0;
}

4.2 Give a suitable example for multiple Inheritance.

// MultipleInheritance.cpp
// Example 8.2 : C++ program to explain multiple inheritance

#include <iostream>
using namespace std;

// first base class

class Vehicle {

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public:
Vehicle() {
cout << "Executing constructor Vehicle\n";
}
}; // end of class Vehicle

// second base class

class FourWheeler {
public:
FourWheeler() {
cout << "Executing Constructor 4 Wheeler Vehicle\n";
}
}; // class FourWheeler (base)

// sub class derived from two base classes

class Car : public Vehicle, public FourWheeler {

}; //

// main function
int main() {
// Creating object of sub class will invoke
// the constructor of base classes.
Vehicle obj_V;
cout << endl;
// Car obj_C;
FourWheeler obj_FW;
cout << endl;
Car obj_C;

return 0;
}

4.3 Give a suitable example for multi level Inheritance.

// MultilevelInheritance.cpp
// example 11: C++ program to implement Multilevel Inheritance
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;

// base class
class Vehicle {
public:
Vehicle() {
cout << "\t Executing constructor Vehicle\n";
}
}; //end of base class Vehicle

// first sub_class derived from class vehicle

class fourWheeler : public Vehicle {
public:
fourWheeler() {
cout << "\t Executing Constructor fourWheeler\n";
}
};

// sub class derived from the derived base class fourWheeler

class Car : public fourWheeler {
public:
Car() {
cout << "\t Executing Constructor Car\n";

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}
};

// main function
int main() {
// Creating object of sub class will invoke
// the constructor of base classes.
Vehicle obj_V;
cout << endl;
fourWheeler obj_fw;
cout << endl;
Car obj;
cout << endl;
return 0;
} //end of program

4.4 Give a suitable example for Hybrid Inheritance.

// HybridInheritance.cpp
// Example 8.2 : C++ program for Hybrid Inheritance

#include <iostream>
using namespace std;

// base class
class Vehicle {
public:
Vehicle() {
cout << "This is a Vehicle\n";
}
};

// base class
class Fare {
public:
Fare() {
cout << "Fare of Vehicle\n";
}
};

// first sub class

class Car : public Vehicle {
// no member in this class
};

// second sub class

class Bus : public Vehicle, public Fare {
// no member in this class
};

// main function
int main() {
// Creating object of sub class will
// invoke the constructor of base class.
Bus obj2;
return 0;
} //end of program

4.5 Give a suitable example for Hierarchical Inheritance.

// HierarchicalInheritance.cpp
// Example 12: C++ program to implement Hierarchical Inheritance

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#include <iostream>
using namespace std;

// base class
class Vehicle {
public:
Vehicle() {
cout << "\n\t Executing constructor Vehicle\n";
}
}; //end of class Vehicle

// first sub class

class Car : public Vehicle {
//no member in this class
}; //end of sub class Car

// second sub class

class Bus : public Vehicle {
//no member in this class
}; //end of sub class Bus

// main function
int main() {
// creating object of sub class will
// invoke the constructor of base class.
Car obj1;
Bus obj2;
return 0;
}

4.6 Write a program to overload + operator.

Write a program to demonstrate friend function
Write a program to demonstrate compile-time polymerise binding (early binding)
Write a program to demonstrate parameterised constructor.

//EXP 17.1 Complex Number addition operator overloading

// and friend function
//ComplexAdditionOperatorOverloading.cpp
#include<iostream.h>
using namespace std;

class complex {
public:
int real;
int img;
complex() { // constructor
real = img = 0;
}

complex(int x,int y) { // constructor with parameter

real = x;
img = y;
}

void show() {
cout<< "\n" << real << "+" << im << "i";
}
// friend function and over loading function declaration
friend complex operator+(complex c, complex d);
}; //end of class complex

// operator+ is not part of complex class so have

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// 2 args for + operator overload.

complex operator+(complex c, complex f) {
complex ans;
ans.real = c.real+f.real;
ans.img = c.img+f.img;
return(ans);
}

// main function
int main() {
complex x(1, 2), y(0, 7);
complex c = x + y; //overloaded + is called here
c.show();
} // end of main

4.7 Write a program to demonstrate virtual function overriding

// VirtualFunctionOverriding.cpp
// example 05 : C++ program for virtual function overriding
#include <bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;

class base {
public:
virtual void print() {
cout << "print base class" << endl;
}

void show() {
cout << "show base class" << endl;
}
}; // end of base class

class derived : public base {

public:
// print () is already virtual function in
// derived class, we could also declared as
// virtual void print () explicitly
void print() {
cout << "print derived class" << endl;
}

void show() {
cout << "show derived class" << endl;
}
}; // end of drive class

// main function
int main() {
base* bptr; // object pointer
derived d; // object
bptr = &d; // assign address od drived object to base pointer
// Virtual function, binded at runtime (Runtime polymorphism)
bptr->print();

// Non-virtual function, binded at compile time

bptr->show();

return 0;
}

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