Dimensional Formulas of Common
Physical Quantities
Physical Quantity Dimensional Formula
Displacement / Distance [L]
Velocity / Speed [L T⁻¹]
Acceleration [L T⁻²]
Mass [M]
Time [T]
Force (F = ma) [M L T⁻²]
Work / Energy [M L² T⁻²]
Power [M L² T⁻³]
Pressure [M L⁻¹ T⁻²]
Density [M L⁻³]
Momentum [M L T⁻¹]
Impulse [M L T⁻¹]
Gravitational Constant (G) [M⁻¹ L³ T⁻²]
Planck's constant (h) [M L² T⁻¹]
Charge (Q = I × t) [A T]
Electric Current (I) [A]
Potential Difference (V) [M L² T⁻³ A⁻¹]
Electric Field [M L T⁻³ A⁻¹]
Magnetic Field [M T⁻² A⁻¹]
Capacitance [M⁻¹ L⁻² T⁴ A²]
Resistance [M L² T⁻³ A⁻²]
Resistivity [M L³ T⁻³ A⁻²]
Permittivity (ε) [M⁻¹ L⁻³ T⁴ A²]
Permeability (μ) [M L T⁻² A⁻²]
Here’s a complete list of all physical quantities and their dimensions and SI units as
covered in NCERT Physics Class 11 and 12, including thermal properties. I've grouped
them by topic for clarity and completeness:
🔹 1. Mechanics
Quantity SI Unit Dimension
Length meter (m) [L]
Mass kilogram (kg) [M]
Time second (s) [T]
Velocity / Speed m/s [L T⁻¹]
Acceleration m/s² [L T⁻²]
Force newton (N) [M L T⁻²]
Momentum kg·m/s [M L T⁻¹]
Impulse N·s [M L T⁻¹]
Work / Energy joule (J) [M L² T⁻²]
Power watt (W) [M L² T⁻³]
Pressure pascal (Pa) = N/m² [M L⁻¹ T⁻²]
Density kg/m³ [M L⁻³]
Angular Displacement radian (rad) Dimensionless
Angular Velocity rad/s [T⁻¹]
Angular Acceleration rad/s² [T⁻²]
Moment of Inertia kg·m² [M L²]
Torque N·m [M L² T⁻²]
Angular Momentum kg·m²/s [M L² T⁻¹]
Gravitational Potential J/kg [L² T⁻²]
Gravitational Potential Energy J [M L² T⁻²]
Quantity SI Unit Dimension
Universal Gravitational Constant (G) N·m²/kg² [M⁻¹ L³ T⁻²]
🔹 2. Thermodynamics & Thermal Properties
Quantity SI Unit Dimension
Temperature kelvin (K) [Θ]
Heat joule (J) [M L² T⁻²]
Specific Heat Capacity J/(kg·K) [L² T⁻² Θ⁻¹]
Molar Heat Capacity J/(mol·K) [L² T⁻² Θ⁻¹]
Latent Heat J/kg [L² T⁻²]
Thermal Conductivity (k) W/(m·K) [M L T⁻³ Θ⁻¹]
Coefficient of Linear Expansion (α) 1/K [Θ⁻¹]
Coefficient of Volume Expansion 1/K [Θ⁻¹]
Stefan–Boltzmann Constant (σ) W·m⁻²·K⁻⁴ [M T⁻³ Θ⁻⁴]
Emissivity Dimensionless -
[M⁻¹ L⁻² T³
Thermal Resistance K/W
Θ]
🔹 3. Oscillations & Waves
Quantity SI Unit Dimension
Frequency hertz (Hz) [T⁻¹]
Time Period second (s) [T]
Wave Speed m/s [L T⁻¹]
Wavelength meter (m) [L]
Quantity SI Unit Dimension
Angular Frequency (ω) rad/s [T⁻¹]
Spring Constant (k) N/m [M T⁻²]
Damping Constant kg/s [M T⁻¹]
🔹 4. Electrostatics & Current Electricity
Quantity SI Unit Dimension
Electric Charge (q) coulomb (C) [T A]
Electric Current (I) ampere (A) [A]
Potential Difference volt (V) [M L² T⁻³ A⁻¹]
Resistance ohm (Ω) [M L² T⁻³ A⁻²]
Resistivity Ω·m [M L³ T⁻³ A⁻²]
[M⁻¹ L⁻³ T³
Conductivity S/m
A²]
[M⁻¹ L⁻² T⁴
Capacitance farad (F)
A²]
Electric Field N/C or V/m [M L T⁻³ A⁻¹]
Electric Potential V [M L² T⁻³ A⁻¹]
[M⁻¹ L⁻³ T⁴
Permittivity (ε₀) F/m
A²]
Power (Electric) W = V·A [M L² T⁻³]
🔹 5. Magnetism
Quantity SI Unit Dimension
Magnetic Field (B) tesla (T) [M T⁻² A⁻¹]
Magnetic Flux weber (Wb) [M L² T⁻²
Quantity SI Unit Dimension
A⁻¹]
Magnetic Moment A·m² [A L²]
Permeability (μ) H/m [M L T⁻² A⁻²]
[M L² T⁻²
Inductance henry (H)
A⁻²]
[M L² T⁻²
Self/Mutual Inductance H
A⁻²]
🔹 6. Optics
Quantity SI Unit Dimension
Focal Length m [L]
Power of Lens diopter (D) [L⁻¹]
Refractive Index Dimensionless -
Magnification Dimensionless -
Optical Path Length m [L]
🔹 7. Modern Physics
Quantity SI Unit Dimension
Planck's Constant (h) J·s [M L² T⁻¹]
Work Function eV or J [M L² T⁻²]
Energy of Photon J [M L² T⁻²]
Electron Volt eV = 1.6×10⁻¹⁹ J [M L² T⁻²]
Mass–Energy (E = mc²) J [M L² T⁻²]
De Broglie Wavelength m [L]
Atomic Mass Unit (amu) kg [M]
Quantity SI Unit Dimension
🔹 8. Communication Systems & Others
Quantity SI Unit Dimension
Bandwidth Hz [T⁻¹]
Modulation Index Dimensionless -
Signal Power W [M L² T⁻³]
