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Statistics Note

The document provides an overview of statistics, detailing types of data such as categorical and numerical, along with their subcategories of discrete and continuous data. It explains how to organize data using methods like tally tables, frequency tables, and grouped frequency tables for easier analysis. Additionally, it emphasizes the importance of grouping numerical data to manage large datasets effectively.

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nethulibandara09
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33 views2 pages

Statistics Note

The document provides an overview of statistics, detailing types of data such as categorical and numerical, along with their subcategories of discrete and continuous data. It explains how to organize data using methods like tally tables, frequency tables, and grouped frequency tables for easier analysis. Additionally, it emphasizes the importance of grouping numerical data to manage large datasets effectively.

Uploaded by

nethulibandara09
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Statistics

Data is a set of facts, numbers or other information Heights of students in the class are not whole numbers. It can be only where in
a continuous scale so its not possible to have a gap in the scale.
Row Data
When the numbers are written down in the order which they arise. Eg : height of a person is between
1.5 m and 1.6 m tall
Type of data Could be 1.5 m
1.57 m
1.5793 m
1.5793421 m
Categorical Data Numerical Data Or any value between 1.5 m and 1.6 m

Discrete Continuous Organizing Data


Categorical Data When you collect large amount of data you need to organize it in some way so
• Non numerical data. that it becomes easy to read and use.
• It names or describes something without reference to number of size.
Eg: Colours,names of people and places. a) Tally table
• They also called Qualitative data. b) Frequency table
c) Two way table
Numerical Data
The data in number form.
And is also called Quantitative. (Word Quantity) a) Tally Table

Discrete Data Tallies are marked ( //// ) that you use to keep a record of items you
Data can be counted. count. Each time you count five items you draw a line across the previous four
And they only take certain values. ( Whole numbers) tallies to make a group of five. ( //// ) five marks are much easier to count and
Eg: Number of children in the class. get the total.
Goals scored in a match.
Colour Tally
Continuous Data White //// //// //
Data can be measured. Red ////
Can take any value between two given values. Distribution between Blue //// ///
decimal involved.
Eg: Height
Weight
Age
b) Frequency Table Grouped Frequency Table
Frequency
It tells us how many of each type of items they are ( how often it occurs) Continuous Data

Frequency Table Age of employee n in Frequency


Some frequency tables include the tallies. The total is written at bottom. years
18 ≤ 𝑛 < 28 3
Grouping 28 ≤ 𝑛 < 38 15
Some numerical data needs to be recorded in different groups. 38 ≤ 𝑛 < 48 10
Eg : results (out of 100 ) may come between 40 to 84. If you record individual 48 ≤ 𝑛 < 58 7
score ( 40, 41, 42, …..84 ) you would get a very large table that is 58 ≤ 𝑛 < 68 2
difficult to manage.

To simplify the things, the collected data can be arranged in groups called Discrete data
class intervals. Number of customers Frequency
26 − 30 20
A frequency table with the result arranged in class intervals is called
31 − 35 31
Group frequency table.
36 − 30 54
41 − 45 35
When the collection of data is grouped and tabulated with frequency, such a
46 − 50 16
table is called a frequency distribution.

Frequency Table
b) Two way Table
No of children per family 1 2 3 4 5 shows the frequency of certain results for two of more sets of data
Frequency 7 15 5 2 1
Or
No of children per Tally Frequency
family
1 //// // 7
2 //// //// //// 15
3 //// 5
4 // 2
5 / 1

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