Animation

Design Of Animation Sequence

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 Computer Animation

What is Animation?
– Moving objects change over time according to
scripted actions

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 Introduction
Computer animation is the process used for
generating animated images (moving images) using
computer graphics.

Animators are artists who specialize in the creation of

animation.
 INTRODUCTION

2D Animation 3D Animation
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 APPLICATIONS

Video Games Cartoon Mobile Phones

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 Steps for designing animation sequence

1)Storyboard Layout
2)Object Definitions
3)Key frame specifications
4) Generation of in-between frames

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 STORYBOARD LAYOUT

It is the outline of a action. It defines the motion

sequences as a set of basic that are to take place.

Depending on the type of animation to be produced,

the storyboard could be consist of a set of rough
sketches or it could be a list of basis ideas for motion.

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Storyboard Layout

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 OBJECT DEFINITIONS

Each object participating in the action is given object

definition, such as terms of basic shapes, such as
polygons or splines.

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Object Definitions

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 FRAMES

It is one of the many single photographic images in

a motion picture. The individual frames are
separated by frame lines. Normally, are needed for
one second of film.

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Frames

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 KEY FRAME

A key frame in animation and filmmaking is a drawing

that defines the starting and ending points of any
smooth transition.

A sequence of key frames which movement the

spectator will see.

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KEYFRAME

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 TWEENING (OR) IN BETWEEN

It is a process of generating intermediate frames

between 2 images to give appearance that the 1st image
evolves smoothly into the second image.

In-betweens are the drawing between the key frames

which help to create the illusion of motion.

.
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 RASTER ANIMATION

On raster systems, we generate real-time animation in

limited application using raster operation.

Such as 2D or 3D transformations on objects.

We can also animate objects along 2D motion paths

using the color table transformation.
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RASTER ANIMATION

PRESENTED BY ,
REMILDA RAJAN
ASST PROF CHINMAYA COLLEGE
PIXAR SHORT FILM –TIN TOY 1998
APPLICATIONS OF COMPUTER ANIMATION
KEY FRAME
RASTER ANIMATION
REAL TIME RASTER COLOR TABLE
ANIMATION
 BCA SEM 3 CG MOD 5 [COMPUTER GRAPHICS]

COMPUTER ANIMATION LANGUAGES

 The design and control of animation sequences a handled with a set of animation
routines. A general purpose language such as c, Lisp, Pascal or FORTRAN are used
to program animation functions.
 Animation functions include:
a) A graphics editor.
b) A keyframe generator.
c) In between generator.
d) standard graphics routine

 The graphics editor is used to design and modify objects shape using spline surface
constructive solid geometry method or other representation scheme.
 A task in animation specification is scene [Link] includes positioning of
objects and light sources defining photometric parameters such as light source
intensity and surface illumination properties and setting the camera parameters such
as its position orientation and lens characteristics.
 Another standard function is action specification that involves the layout of motion
path for objects and camera.
 Standard graphic routines are used to view perspective transformation geometric
transformation or to generate object movements as a function of acceleration or
kinematic path specification or visible surface identification or surface rendering
operation

Keyframe Systems
 are specialised animation languages design simply to generate in-between frames
from the user specified key frames. Each object in the scene is defined as a set of rigid
bodies connected at the joints and with the limited number of degrees of freedom

 Example: A single arm robot has 6 degrees of freedom which are called as arm sweep
shoulder swivel , elbow extension pitch yaw and roll.

Prepared by, Remilda Rajan Faculty BCA ,CCACS, TRIPUNITHURA

 BCA SEM 3 CG MOD 5 [COMPUTER GRAPHICS]

 We can extent the number of degrees of freedom for robot arm from 6 to 9 by
allowing three dimensional translations for the [Link] human body in comparison
have 200 degrees of freedom

Parameterized systems

 Parametrized systems allow object motion characteristics to be specified as part of

object definition

 The adjustable parameters control such object characteristics as degrees of freedom

motion limitation and allowable shapes changes

Scripting systems

 Scripting systems allow object specifications and animation sequences to be find with
the user input script from the script a library of various objects and motions can be
constructed


Prepared by, Remilda Rajan Faculty BCA ,CCACS, TRIPUNITHURA

 COMPUTER ANIMATION
LANGUAGES
Presented by,

REMILDA RAJAN
ASST PROF

CHINMAYA COLLEGE OF ARTS COMMERCE AND SCIENCE

TRIPUNITHURA
COMPUTER ANIMATION LANGUAGES

• KEY FRAME SYSTEMS

• PARAMETERIZED SYSTEMS
• SCRIPTING SYSTEMS
COMPUTER ANIMATION LANGUAGES
• Graphics editor
• Key frame generator
• In between generator
• Graphics routine
KEY FRAME GENERATOR
• Each object in the scene is defined as a set of rigid
bodies connected at the joints and with limitted
number of degrees of freedom.

EXAMPLE :
• A single armed robot as in next figure has six degrees
of freedom:
• Base
• Arm sweep
• Shoulder
• Swivel
• Elbow extension
• Pitch
• Roll
• Yaw
• We can extend this six degree of freedom to
nine degree of freedom by 3D TRANSLATIONS
for base.

• If we also allow base rotations then it can

support 12 degrees of freedom
 KEY FRAME SYSTEMS
AND
MORPHING

Presented by,

REMILDA RAJAN
ASST PROFESSOR
CHINMAYA COLLEGE OF ARTS COMMERCE AND SCIENCE TRIPUNITHURA
COMPUTER ANIMATION LANGUAGES

• KEY FRAME SYSTEMS

• PARAMETERIZED SYSTEMS
• SCRIPTING SYSTEMS
KEY FRAME SYSTEMS
• We can extend this six degree of freedom to
nine degree of freedom by 3D TRANSLATIONS
for base.

• If we also allow base rotations then it can

support 12 degrees of freedom
 MORPHING
• Transformation of object shapes from one form
to another is called morphing which is a
shortened form of metamorphosis.

• Morphing methods can be applied to any of

motion or transitions involving a change in
shape.
 PRESENTED BY,
Remilda Rajan
Assistant Professor
CHINMAYA COLLEGE OF ARTS
COMMERCE AND SCIENCE
 We can specify the motions that are to take place
in general terms that abstractly describe the
actions.
 These systems are described as goal directed
systems because they determine the specific motion
parameters given the goals of the animation.

 Eg: an object walk or run to specific destination.