Podar International School
Class:-XII Pre Mid Term Examination ( 2024-25)
Sub:- Mathematics (Code-041)
ANSWER SCHEME
Maximum marks:- 40 Time:-90 Min.
General Instructions:
1. This Question paper contains - five sections A, B, C, D and E. Each section is
compulsory. However, there are internal choices in some questions.
2. Section A has 9 MCQ’s and 1 Assertion-Reason based questions of 1 mark
each.
3. Section B has 2 Very Short Answer (VSA)-type questions of 2 marks each.
4. Section C has 4 Short Answer (SA)-type questions of 3 marks each.
5. Section D has 2 Long Answer (LA)-type questions of 5 marks each.
6. Section E has 1 case study based question of 4 Marks.
Section –A
(Multiple Choice Questions)
Each question carries 1 mark
Q.1] The function 𝑓: R →R, given by 𝑓(𝑥) = 3𝑥 + 2 is
a) Surjective b) Injective
c) Bijective Ans. d) neither surjective nor injective.
Q.2] ThePrincipal value of sin[cot −1 (cos(𝑡𝑎𝑛−1 1 ))] is equal to
1 √2
a) 0 b) 1 c) d) Ans.
√3 √3
Q.3] Find the value of k, so that the three points (1, 1), (3, 4) and (7, k)
are collinear.
a) 9 b) 10 Ans. c) -9 d) 10
Q.4] The function 𝑓:R→R, defined as 𝑓(𝑥) = [𝑥] + x is
a) neither one – one nor onto b) one – one but not onto
c) onto but not one – one d) one – one and ontoAns.
1 2 3
Q.5] The value of determinant �3 4 5�is
3 5 6
a) 1 b) -1 c) 0 d) 2 Ans.
𝑥 1 1 1
Q.6] If � �=� �, then the value of 𝑥 is
1 𝑥 1 25
a) ± 1 b) ±2 c) ± 5 Ans. d) ±25
−5 0 0
Q.7] If A is a square matrix of order 3 and 𝐴(𝑎𝑑𝑗 𝐴) = � 0 −5 0 �
0 0 −5
then𝑑𝑒𝑡. (𝐴−1 ) =
a) −5 b) 25 c)−625 d) −0.2Ans.
Q.8] Which of the following is the principal value branch of 𝑐𝑜𝑠 −1 𝑥
a)[– 𝜋/2, 𝜋/2] b) (0, π) c) [0, π]Ans. d) (0, π) – {π/2}
1 0 0
Q.9] The matrix�0 2 0� is
0 0 4
a) identity matrix b) symmetric matrixAns.
c) skew-symmetric matrix d) none of these
Q.10] Assersion:-Let 𝐴 and 𝐵 be square matrices of same order.
𝐴. (𝑎𝑑𝑗𝐴) = |𝐴|𝐼
Reason:-𝑎𝑑𝑗(𝐴𝐵) = (𝑎𝑑𝑗𝐴). (𝑎𝑑𝑗𝐵).
a) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
b) Both (A) and (R) are true but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).
c) (A) is true but (R) is false. Ans.
d) (A) is false but (R) is true.
Section –B
[This section comprises of very short answer type questions (VSA) of 2 marks
each]
Q.11] Find the value of 𝑥 + 𝑦 from the following equation:
𝑥 5 3 −4 7 6
2� �+� �=� �
7 𝑦−3 1 2 15 14
Ans:- Given
𝑥 5 3 −4 7 6
2� �+� �=� �
7 𝑦−3 1 2 15 14
2𝑥 10 3 −4 7 6
⇒� �+� �=� �
14 2𝑦 − 6 1 2 15 14
2𝑥 + 3 6 7 6
⇒� �=� �
15 2𝑦 − 4 15 14
Equating the corresponding elements, we get
2𝑥 + 3 = 7 𝑎𝑛𝑑 2𝑦 − 4 = 14
7−3 14 + 4
⇒𝑥= = 2 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑦 = =9
2 2
∴ 𝑥 + 𝑦 = 2 + 9 = 11
OR
|𝑥−1|
What is the range of the function𝑓(𝑥) = (𝑥−1) ?
|𝑥−1|
Ans:- Given 𝑓(𝑥) = (𝑥−1)
(𝑥 − 1) 𝑖𝑓 𝑥 − 1 > 0 𝑜𝑟 𝑥 > 1
Now |𝑥 − 1| = �
−(𝑥 − 1)𝑖𝑓 𝑥 − 1 < 0 𝑜𝑟 𝑥 < 1
(𝑥−1)
Now ∀ 𝑥 > 1 , 𝑓(𝑥) = (𝑥−1) = 1
−(𝑥−1)
And 𝑥 < 1 , 𝑓(𝑥) = (𝑥−1)
= −1
∴ 𝑅𝑎𝑛𝑔𝑒 𝑜𝑓 𝑓(𝑥) = {−1,1}
1 1
Q.12]Find the value of cos −1 � � + 2 sin−1 ( )
2 2
1 1
Ans:-Let 𝑦 = cos −1 � � ⇒ 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑦 =
2 2
𝜋
⇒ 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑦 = cos
3
𝜋
⇒𝑦=
3
Since range of cos −1 is [0, 𝜋]
𝜋
Hence the principal value is .
3
1 1
Now let 𝑦 = 𝑠𝑖𝑛−1 � � ⇒ 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑦 =
2 2
𝜋
⇒ 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑦 = 𝑠𝑖𝑛
6
𝜋
⇒𝑦=
6
𝜋 𝜋
Since range of 𝑠𝑖𝑛−1 𝑖𝑠 �− , �
2 2
𝜋
Hence the principal value is
6
1 1
Let cos −1 � � + 2 sin−1 � �
2 2
𝜋 𝜋 2𝜋
= +2× =
3 6 3
Section – C
[This section comprises of short answer type questions (SA) of 3 marks each]
3 1
Q.13] If 𝐴 = � �,show that 𝐴2 − 5𝐴 + 7𝐼 = 0 and hence find 𝐴−1 .
−1 2
3 1
Ans:-Given 𝐴 = � �
−1 2
3 1 3 1
𝐴2 = � �� �
−1 2 −1 2
8 5
=� �
−5 3
Now 𝐴2 − 5𝐴 + 7𝐼
8 5 3 1 1 0
=� � − 5� � + 7� �
−5 3 −1 2 0 1
8 5 15 5 7 0
=� �−� �+� �
−5 3 −5 10 0 7
0 0
=� �=0
0 0
⇒ 𝐴2 − 5𝐴 + 7𝐼 = 0
As |𝐴| = 6 − (−1) = 7 ≠ 0
Multiplying 𝐴2 − 5𝐴 + 7𝐼 = 0 𝑏𝑦 𝐴−1 , we get
𝐴 − 5𝐼 + 7𝐴−1 = 0
1 0 3 1
⇒ 7𝐴−1 = 5𝐼 − 𝐴 = 5 � �−� �
0 1 −1 2
2 −1
⇒ 7𝐴−1 = � �
1 3
1 2 −1
⇒ 𝐴−1 = � �
7 1 3
6 −2 2
Q.14]Express the matrix 𝐴 = �−2 3 −1� as the sum of a symmetric and
2 −1 3
skew symmetric matrix and verify the result.
1 1
Ans:-We have 𝐴 = (𝐴 + 𝐴′ ) + (𝐴 − 𝐴′) = 𝑃 + 𝑄-----(I)
2 2
Where P is Symmetric Matrix and Q is Skew symmetric matrix.
6 −2 2
′
Now 𝐴 = �−2 3 −1�
2 −1 3
12 −4 4
1 ′) 1
𝑃 = (𝐴 + 𝐴 = �−4 6 −2�-----(ii)
2 2
4 −2 6
And
0 0 0
1 ′) 1
𝑄 = (𝐴 − 𝐴 = �0 0 0�-------(iii)
2 2
0 0 0
1 12 −4 4 1 0 0 0
𝐶𝑜𝑛𝑠𝑖𝑑𝑒𝑟𝑃 + 𝑄 = �−4 6 −2� + �0 0 0�
2 2
4 −2 6 0 0 0
6 −2 2
= �−2 3 −1� = 𝐴
2 −1 3
Thus verified.
3 9 0 4 0 2
Q.15] If 𝐴 = �1 8 −2� 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝐵 = �7 1 4�, then find the matrix 𝐵′𝐴′
7 5 4 2 2 6
3 9 0 3 1 7
′
𝐴ns:- We have 𝐴 = �1 8 −2� ∴ 𝐴 = �9 8 5�
7 5 4 0 −2 4
4 0 2 4 7 2
′
𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝐵 = �7 1 4� ∴ 𝐵 = �0 1 2�
2 2 6 2 4 6
4 7 2 3 1 7
′ ′
𝐵 𝐴 = �0 1 2� � 9 8 5�
2 4 6 0 −2 4
75 56 71
=�9 4 13�
42 22 58
OR
If A = {1, 2, 3, 4} define relations on A which have properties of being:
(a) reflexive, transitive but not symmetric
(b) reflexive, symmetric and transitive.
Ans:- Given that 𝐴 = {1, 2, 3, 4}
(a) 𝐿𝑒𝑡 𝑅1 = { (1,1) , (1, 2) , (2,3) , (2,2) , (1,3) , (3,3)}.
𝑅1 is reflexive, since, (1,1) (2,2) (3,3) lie is 𝑅1
Now, (1, 2) ∈ 𝑅1 (2, 3) ∈ 𝑅1 ⇒ (1, 3) ∈ 𝑅1
Hence, 𝑅1 is also transitive,
but(1, 2) ∈ 𝑅1, ⇒ (2, 1) ∉ 𝑅 So, it is not symmetric.
(b) Let 𝑅2 =
{ (1,2) , (2,1) , (1,1), (2, 2) , (3,3) , (1,3) , (3,1) , (2,3) }Hence, 𝑅2 is
reflexive, symmetric and transitive.
Q.16] Show that the relation R on the set Z of all integers, given by
𝑅 = {(𝑎, 𝑏): 2 𝑑𝑖𝑣𝑖𝑑𝑒𝑠 (𝑎 − 𝑏)}is an equivalence relation.
Ans:- Given Relation 𝑅 = {(𝑎, 𝑏): 2 𝑑𝑖𝑣𝑖𝑑𝑒𝑠 (𝑎 − 𝑏)} on the set Z of all
integers
Reflexive:- Let 𝑎 ∈ 𝑍
Since (𝑎 − 𝑎) = 0, which is divisible by 2 i.e ,(𝑎, 𝑎) ∈ 𝑅
∴ R is reflexive.
Symmetric :- Let 𝑎, 𝑏 ∈ 𝑍 such that
(𝑎, 𝑏) ∈ 𝑅 ⇒ ( 𝑎 − 𝑏) 𝑖𝑠 𝑑𝑖𝑣𝑖𝑠𝑖𝑏𝑙𝑒 𝑏𝑦 2.
⇒ −( 𝑎 − 𝑏) 𝑖𝑠 𝑎𝑙𝑠𝑜 𝑑𝑖𝑣𝑖𝑠𝑖𝑏𝑙𝑒 𝑏𝑦 2
⇒ (𝑏 − 𝑎) 𝑖𝑠 𝑑𝑖𝑣𝑖𝑠𝑖𝑏𝑙𝑒 𝑏𝑦 2
⇒ (𝑏, 𝑎) ∈ 𝑅
∴ R is symmetric.
Transitive:- Let 𝑎, 𝑏, 𝑐 ∈ 𝑍 such that
(𝑎, 𝑏) ∈ 𝑅 ⇒ ( 𝑎 − 𝑏) 𝑖𝑠 𝑑𝑖𝑣𝑖𝑠𝑖𝑏𝑙𝑒 𝑏𝑦 2.
Let 𝑎 − 𝑏 = 2𝑘1 where 𝑘1 is an integer.--------(i)
And
(𝑏, 𝑐) ∈ 𝑅 ⇒ ( 𝑏 − 𝑐) 𝑖𝑠 𝑑𝑖𝑣𝑖𝑠𝑖𝑏𝑙𝑒 𝑏𝑦 2
⇒ 𝑏 − 𝑐 = 2𝑘2 where𝑘2 is an integer.----------(ii)
Adding (i) and (ii) , we have
(𝑎 − 𝑏) + (𝑏 − 𝑐) = 2(𝑘1 + 𝑘2 )
⇒ 𝑎 − 𝑐 = 2(𝑘1 + 𝑘2 ) ⇒ ( 𝑎 − 𝑐)is divisible by 2.
⇒ (𝑎, 𝑐)ϵR
∴ R is transitive.
Thus R is reflexive, symmetric and transitive. Hence given relation R is an
equivalence relation.
Section –D
[This section comprises of long answer type questions (LA) of 5 marks each]
2 −3 5
Q. 17] If 𝐴 = �3 2 −4�find 𝐴−1 . Use it to solve the system of equations.
1 1 −2
2𝑥 − 3𝑦 + 5𝑧 = 11 , 3𝑥 + 2𝑦 − 4𝑧 = −5, 𝑥 + 𝑦 − 2𝑧 = −3
2 −3 5 2 −3 5
Ans:- 𝐴 = �3 2 −4� ⇒ |𝐴| = �3 2 −4�
1 1 −2 1 1 −2
|𝐴| = 2(−4 + 4) + 3(−6 + 4) + 5(3 − 2)
= −6 + 5 = −1 ≠ 0
∴ 𝐴−1 𝑒𝑥𝑖𝑠𝑡.
Calculation of cofactor of A
𝐴11 = 0 , 𝐴12 = 2 , 𝐴13 = 1
𝐴21 = −1 , 𝐴22 = −9 , 𝐴23 = −5
𝐴31 = 2 , 𝐴32 = 23 , 𝐴33 = 13
0 2 1
Cofactor of 𝐴 = �−1 −9 −5�
2 23 13
0 −1 2
𝑎𝑑𝑗 𝐴 = �2 −9 23�
1 −5 13
−1
1 1 0 −1 2 0 1 −2
𝐴 = 𝑎𝑑𝑗 𝐴 = �2 −9 23� = �−2 9 −23�
|𝐴| −1
1 −5 13 −1 5 −13
Equations are:
2𝑥 − 3𝑦 + 5𝑧 = 11 , 3𝑥 + 2𝑦 − 4𝑧 = −5, 𝑥 + 𝑦 − 2𝑧 = −3
2 −3 5 𝑥 11
⇒ �3 2 −4� �𝑦� = �−5�
1 1 −2 𝑧 −3
⇒ 𝐴𝑋 = 𝐵
Using pre-multiplication with 𝐴−1 , we get
𝐴−1 𝐴𝑋 = 𝐴−1 𝐵
⇒ 𝐼𝑋 = 𝐴−1 𝐵
⇒ 𝑋 = 𝐴−1 𝐵
0 1 −2 11
⇒ 𝑋 = �−2 9 −23� �−5�
−1 5 −13 −3
𝑥 0−5+6
⇒ �𝑦� = �−22 − 45 + 69�
𝑧 −11 − 25 + 39
𝑥 1
𝑦
⇒ � � = �2�
𝑧 3
∴ 𝑥 = 1, 𝑦 = 2, 𝑧 = 3
Q.18] Let 𝑁 denotes the set of all natural numbers and R be the relation on
𝑁 × 𝑁defined by (𝑎, 𝑏)𝑅 (𝑐, 𝑑) 𝑖𝑓 𝑎𝑑(𝑏 + 𝑐) = 𝑏𝑐( 𝑎 + 𝑑). Show that
R is an equivalence relation.
Ans:- Here R is a relation defined as
(𝑎, 𝑏)𝑅 (𝑐, 𝑑) 𝑖𝑓 𝑎𝑑(𝑏 + 𝑐) = 𝑏𝑐( 𝑎 + 𝑑)
Reflexivity:- By commutative law under addition and multiplication
𝑏 + 𝑎 = 𝑎 + 𝑏 ∀𝑎, 𝑏 ∈ 𝑁
𝑎𝑏 = 𝑏𝑎 ∀𝑎, 𝑏 ∈ 𝑁
∴ 𝑎𝑏(𝑏 + 𝑎) = 𝑏𝑎(𝑎 + 𝑏)∀𝑎, 𝑏 ∈ 𝑁
⇒ (𝑎, 𝑏)𝑅 (𝑎, 𝑏)
Hence R is reflexive.
Symmetry:- Let (𝑎, 𝑏)𝑅 (𝑐, 𝑑) ⇒ 𝑎𝑑(𝑏 + 𝑐) = 𝑏𝑐(𝑎 + 𝑑)
⇒ 𝑏𝑐(𝑎 + 𝑑) = 𝑎𝑑(𝑏 + 𝑐)
⇒ 𝑐𝑏(𝑑 + 𝑎) = 𝑑𝑎(𝑐 + 𝑏)
⇒ (𝑐, 𝑑)𝑅(𝑎, 𝑏)
Hence R is symmetric.
Transitivity:-Let (𝑎, 𝑏)𝑅 (𝑐, 𝑑) and (𝑐, 𝑑)𝑅(𝑒, 𝑓)
⇒ ad(b + c) = bc(a + d) 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑐𝑓(𝑑 + 𝑒) = 𝑑𝑒(𝑐 + 𝑓)
𝑏+𝑐 𝑎+𝑑 𝑑+𝑒 𝑐+𝑓
⇒ = 𝑎𝑛𝑑 =
𝑏𝑐 𝑎𝑑 𝑑𝑒 𝑐𝑓
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
⇒ + = + 𝑎𝑛𝑑 + = +
𝑐 𝑏 𝑑 𝑎 𝑒 𝑑 𝑓 𝑐
Adding both, we get
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
+ + + = + + +
𝑐 𝑏 𝑒 𝑑 𝑑 𝑎 𝑓 𝑐
1 1 1 1
⇒ + = +
𝑏 𝑒 𝑎 𝑓
𝑒+𝑏 𝑓+𝑎
⇒ =
𝑏𝑒 𝑎𝑓
⇒ 𝑎𝑓(𝑏 + 𝑒) = 𝑏𝑒(𝑎 + 𝑓)
⇒ (𝑎, 𝑏)𝑅(𝑒, 𝑓) [𝑐, 𝑑 ≠ 0]
Hence R is transitive.
Thus R is reflexive, symmetric and transitive.
Therefore R is an equivalence relation.
OR
A function f ∶ [−4,4] → [0,4] given by f(x) =√16 − 𝑥 2 Show that f is an onto
function but not a one-one function. Further find all possible values of ‘a’ for
which 𝑓(𝑥) = √7
Ans:- Given a function f ∶ [−4,4] → [0,4] given by f(x) =√16 − 𝑥 2
Lety =√16 − 𝑥 2
⇒ 𝑦 2 = 16 − 𝑥 2
⇒ 𝑥 2 = 16 − 𝑦 2
⇒ 𝑥 = �16−𝑦 2
Clearly for x to be real and 𝑥 ∈ [−4,4]
16−𝑦 2 ≥ 0 ⇒ 𝑦 2 − 16 ≤ 0
⇒ (𝑦 − 4)(𝑦 + 4) ≤ 0
⇒ −4 ≤ 𝑦 ≤ 4-------(i)
But y =√16 − 𝑥 2 ≥ 0 �since √x ≥ 0�
⇒ y ≥ 0-------(ii)
From (i) and (ii), we have
0≤𝑦≤4
Thus , for every value of 𝑦 ∈ [0,4]there exist some x ∈ [−4,4].
∴ Given function is onto.
When 𝑥 = 4 ⇒ 𝑦 = √16 − 16 = 0
𝑥 = −4 ⇒ 𝑦 = √16 − 16 = 0
Here, different value of x there is some y.
So it is not one-one.
Now 𝑓(𝑎) = √7 (𝑔𝑖𝑣𝑒𝑛)
⇒ �16 − 𝑎2 = √7
⇒ 16 − 𝑎2 = 7
⇒ 𝑎2 = 9
⇒ 𝑎 = {−3,3}
Section –E
Case Study based Question
19] Raji visited the Exhibition along with her family. The Exhibition had a huge
swing, which attracted many children. Raji found that the swing traced the
path of a Parabola as given by 𝒚 = 𝒙𝟐 . Answer the following questions using
the above information.
Q1) Let𝒇: 𝑹 → 𝑹 be defined by 𝒇(𝒙) = 𝒙𝟐 , then verify whether 𝑓 is a bijective
function? (2M)
Q2) Let 𝒇: 𝑵 → 𝑹 be defined by 𝒇(𝒙) = 𝒙𝟐 , then find the range of R? (1M)
Q3) Let 𝒇: 𝒁 → 𝒁 be defined by 𝒇(𝒙) = 𝒙𝟐 , Is f bijective function? Justify your
answer (1M)
Ans:-
1] One-one:-
Given 𝒇: 𝑹 → 𝑹 be defined by 𝒇(𝒙) = 𝒙𝟐
Let 𝑓(𝑥1 ) = 𝑓(𝑥2 )
⇒ 𝑥1 2 = 𝑥2 2
⇒ 𝑥1 = 𝑥2 𝑜𝑟 𝑥1 = −𝑥2
Since 𝑥1 does not have unique image , it is not one-one.
Onto:-
Let 𝒇(𝒙) = 𝑦 𝑠𝑢𝑐ℎ 𝑡ℎ𝑎𝑡 𝑦 ∈ 𝑅
∴ 𝒙𝟐 = 𝑦 ⇒ 𝑥 = ± �𝑦
𝑦is real number so it can be negative also.
Hence 𝑥 is not real.
So f is not onto.
Thus f is not bijetive.
2] Given Let 𝒇: 𝑵 → 𝑹 be defined by 𝒇(𝒙) = 𝒙𝟐 ,
Range will be { 1,4,9,16,25…}
3] Let 𝑓: 𝑍 → 𝒁 be defined by 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑥 2
We know that the square of an integer is always a unique integer.
So, ′′𝑓′′ is a function.
Now, since 𝑓(−2) = 𝑓(2) = 4, ′′𝑓′′ is not an injection.
There is no integer 𝑥 ∈ 𝑍: 𝑓(𝑥) = −1.
Hence ,′′𝑓′′ is not a surjection.
Since ′′𝑓′′ is neither one-one nor onto, ′′𝑓′′ is not a bijection.
