3 Chemical Kinetics Worksheet-I
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RUBY PARK PUBLIC SCHOOL, KOLKATA
CLASS - XII
SUBJECT - CHEMISTRY
CHAPTER - CHEMICAL KINETICS
WORKSHEET - I
The following questions are case-based questions. Read the passage carefully and
answer the questions that follow.
1. The rate of a reaction, which may also be called its velocity or speed, can be defined
with relation to the concentration of any of the reacting substances, or to that of any
product of the reaction. If the species chosen is a reactant which has a concentration
c at time t is –dc/dt, while the rate with reference to a product having a concentration
x at time t is +dx/dt. Any concentration units may be used for expressing the rate;
thus, if moles per litre are employed for concentration and seconds for the time, the
units for the rate are moles litre-1 sec-1. For gas reactions pressure units are
sometimes used in place of concentrations, so that legitimate units for the rate would
be (mm. Hg) sec-1 and atm. sec-1. The order of a reaction concerns the dependence of
the rate upon the concentration of reacting substances; thus if the rate is found
experimentally to be proportional to the αth power of the concentration of one of the
reactants A, to the βth power of the concentration of a second reactant B, and so
forth, via.,
rate = kCAαCBβ ................(i)
the over-all order of the reaction is simply
n = α + β + ..... ..................(ii)
Such a reaction is said to be of the αth order with respect to the substance A, the βth
order with respect to B and so on .....
(i) Explain the difference between instantaneous rate of a reaction and average rate of a
reaction.
(ii) What is the order of the reaction for which the rate constant has a unit of s-1?
(iii) For a zero order reaction will the molecularity be equal to zero? Explain.
(iv) In a reaction of two reactants, if the concentration of one of the reactant is doubled,
the rate of reaction becomes double and if the concentration of both the reactants is
doubled, the rate of reaction becomes eight times. What is the overall order of the
reaction?
(v) The rate constant of a first order reaction is 60s-1. How much time will it take to reduce
the initial concentration of the reactant to its 1/10th value?
2. Temperature has a marked effect on the rate of reaction. For most of the reactions,
the rate of reaction becomes nearly double every 10 degree rise in temperature. The
effect of temperature is usually expressed in terms of temperature coefficient. The
quantitative dependence of reaction rate on temperature was first explained by
Swante Arrhenius. Arrhenius proposed a simple equation known as Arrhenius
equation
k = Ae-Ea/RT
1 This equation provides a relationship between the rate constant (k) of a reaction and
the temperature of the system. A is the Arrhenius factor or pre-exponential factor,
Ea is the activation energy and R is the gas constant.
(i) Define ‘activation energy’ of a reaction.
DR. ABHISHEK PAL | RUBY PARK PUBLIC SCHOOL (29-04-2023)
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(ii) Can a reaction have zero activation energy? Justify.
(iii) The plot of logk vs. X is linear with slope = - Ea/2.303R. What is X?
(iv) What is the fraction of molecules having energy greater than activation energy, Ea?
(v) How does a catalyst affect the rate of a reaction? Explain with respect to the Arrhenius
equation.
(vi) The rate of a reaction quadruples when the temperature changes from 293K to 313K.
Calculate the energy of activation of the reaction assuming that it does not change with
temperature.
3. Law of mass action is based on the theoretical studies only and this regards a
chemical reaction as a single step reaction. However, practically, most of the
chemical reactions proceed in steps having different speeds. The slowest of these
steps is known as the rate determining step and the concentration of the reacting
species involved in this contribute towards the reaction rate. The sum of the
coefficients of the reacting species that are involved in the rate determining step, also
called rate equation, represents the order of the reaction.
(i) What is the name of the chemical reaction in which reaction rate is independent of the
concentration of the reacting species?
(ii) Mention the units of the rate constant for the reaction of second order
(iii) What is the order of reaction whose rate constant has the same units as the rate of
reaction?
(iv) A reaction is 50% complete in 2 hours and 75% in 4 hours. What is its order?
(v) Calculate the half life period for first order reaction having k = 4 min-1
4. According to collision theory, only the effective collision among the reacting species
leads to the products. In order to make them effective, the reacting species must have
a certain minimum amount of energy associated with them so that they may be in a
position as threshold energy (Eo). In their ground state, the collisions among the
reacting species do not lead to the products. They have to be supplied some extra
energy known as energy of activation.
(i) What is the name of the species formed at the energy barrier?
(ii) Out of endothermic and exothermic reactions, which is faster?
(iii) Two reactions require activation energies (Ea) 60 kJ mol-1 and 80 kJ mol-1. Which is
faster?
(iv) How does a catalyst influence the activation energy of a reaction?
(v) How does increase in temperature influence the activation energy of a reaction?
5. With the help of integrated rate law method, we can find mathematically the
expression for the rate constants of different reactions based on their order. For
example,
k = [A]o – [A] / t (Zero order reaction)
k = 2.303 / t log [a / (a-x)] (First order reaction)
All these equations also help in calculating half life periods of these reactions.
(i) What is the slope of the plot of [A] versus t for zero order reaction?
(ii) When initial concentration of the reactant is doubled, what happens to the half life
period for zero order reaction?
2 (iii) A first order reaction takes 30 minutes for 50% completion. Calculate the time
required for 90% completion of this reaction. (log2=0.3010)
