3 Trigonometric Functions

Things to Remember
The word ‘Trigonometry’ is derived from the Greek words ‘Trigon’ and ‘metron’ and it means
‘measuring the sides of a triangle’. It is studied by sea captains for navigation, surveyor to map out
the new lands, by engineers, the science of seismology, designing electric circuits, describing the state
of an atom, predicting the heights of tides in the ocean, analysing a musical tone and in many other
areas. B
Angle is a measure of roatation of a given ray about its ide
ls
ina
initial point. r m
Te
If the direction of rotation is anticlockwise, the angle is
O A
said to be positive. Vertex Initial side
(i) Positive angle
Initial side
If the direction of rotation is clockwise, then the angle is O A
negative. Vertex
Te
r mi
There are two system for measuring an angle na
ls
ide
(1) Degree measure (2) Radian measure
(ii) Negative angle B
1
If the rotation from initial side to terminal side is th of a complete revolution then the angle is
360
said to have a measure of one degree (1°). One degree is divided into 60 equal parts called minutes and
1 minute is denoted by 1' one minutes is divided into 60 equal parts called second and 1 second is
denoted by 1''. Thus
1° = 60°, 1' = 60''
Some of the angles whose measure are 360°, 180°, 420°, –420° are shown under figures.
360 A 180
O B A
B O
270 B
O A

420°
O A
B A
420°

B
88
 3. Trigonometric Functions 89

Angle subtended at the centre by an arc of length 1 unit in a unit circle is said to have a measure of
1 radian.
B
B
1
1 12
1 1 Radian
Radian 1
1 12
1 O A
O A –1 1 A
1
Radian
1
1

One complete revolution of the initial side subtends an angle of 2 radian.

In a circle of radius r, an arc of length r will subtended an angle of 1 radian. Thus if in a circle of radius
l
r, an arc of length l subtends an angle radian at the centre, we have or l = r
r
2 radian = 360°
radian = 180°
180 22
1 radian = = 57° 16' 22'' (approximate), where
7

1 radian = 0.01746 radian (approximate)

180
Degree 30° 45° 60° 90° 180° 270° 360°
3
Radian 2
6 4 3 2 2

Radian measure = × Degree measure

180
180
Degree measure = × Radian measure

EXERCISE-3.1 [S1]
[1] Find the radian measure corresponding to the
following degree measures. 1
47
(i) 25° # 2

Radian measure = × Degree measure 95

180 2
25
180 Now, radian measure = × Degree measure
180
5
36 95
5 180 2
25 Radian
36
19
(ii) –47° 30'
72
30 1 19
–47° 30' 47 1' 47 30' Radian
60 60 72
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 90 Std.-11 : Maths Darpan – ‘Kumar’

(iii) 240° # [Que. Bank - 2024] 1 ''

39 22' 60
2
Radian measure = × Degree measure
180 = 39° 22' 30''
240 11
180 Radian = 39° 22' 30''
16
4
3 (ii) –4
4 180
240 Radian – 4 Radian ( 4)
3
(iv) 520°
180
26 7 ( 4)
Radian measure 520 22
180 9
26 180 14
520 Radian
9 11
Practice Work : S13
2520
1.1 Find the radian measures corresponding to
the following degree measures. 11
(1) 40° 20' (2) 48° 37' 30'' (3) 135° 1
(4) –22° 30' (5) –300° 229
11
(6) 210° [Que. Bank - 2025]
1 '
121 389 3 5 229 60
Ans. 1.1 (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) 11
540 1440 4 8 3
5 '
7 229 5
(6) 11
6
5 ''
[2] Find the degree measures corresponding to the 229 5' 60
11
22 300 ''
following radian measures. Use 229 5'
7 11
11
(i) = –229° 5' 27''
16
180 5
Degree measure = × Radian measure (iii)
3
180 11
22
7
16
5 180 5 °
Radian
3 3
315 °
8 = (60 × 5)°
3 ° = 300°
39
8 7
(iv) [Que. Bank - 2024, 2025]
3 ' 6
39 60
8
7 180 7 °
45 ' Radian
39 6 6
2
= (30 × 7)°
1 '
39 22 = 210°
2
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 3. Trigonometric Functions 91

Practice Work : S13 The degree measure of the angle subtended at

2.1 Find the degree measures corresponding to the centre of the circle by an arc is 12° 36'.
22 [5] In a circle of diameter 40 cm, the length of a
the following radian measures. Use chord is 20 cm. Find the length of minor arc of
7
1 2 the chord.
(1) # (2) (3) 11 (4) – 3 Diameter of a circle = 40 cm.
4 15
5 2 Radius of a circle r = 20 cm.
(5) (6) [Que. Bank - 2025]
6 5 diameter
Radius =
Ans. : 2.1 (1) 14° 19' 5'' (2) 24° (3) 630° 2
(4) –171° 49' 5'' (5) –150° (6) 72° Length of a chord AB = 20 cm.
[3] A wheel makes 360 revolutions in one minute. It is clear from the figure that
Through how many radian does it turn in one in OAB, O
second ? [Que. Bank - 2024, 2025] OA = OB = AB = 20 cm. r r
A wheel makes 360 revolutions in one minute. OAB is an equilateral
A B
It takes 360 revolutions in 60 seconds. triangle A. l
360
In 1 second, it makes = 6 revolutions. m AOB = = 60° =
Radian
60 3
When a wheel makes one revolutions it moves Let the length of an arc corresponding to the
2 radian. chord is l cm.
When a wheel makes 6 revolutions, it moves l = r , where is in radian.
6 × 2 = 12 radian.
In one second, it turns 12 radian. 20
3
[4] Find the degree measure of the angle subtended 20
at the centre of a circle of radius 100 cm by an cm.
3
22 20
arc of length 22 cm. Use Length of minor arc cm.
7 3
Radius of a circle r = 100 cm. [6] If in two circles, arcs of the same length
The length of an arc l = 22 cm. subtend angles 60° and 75° at the centre, find
the ratio of their radii. [Que. Bank - 2024]
Let an angle subtended by an arc at the centre
of the circle be , Circle I II
l Length of an arc l1 l2
r Angle subtended at the
22 11 1 2
centre of the circle
Radian
100 50 Radius r1 r2
11 180 11 ° It is given that l1 = l2, = 60°,
Now, Radian 1
50 50 r1
?
2 = 75°, r
180 11 ° 2
7
22 50 1 60 60 Radian
180 3
63 ° 5
2 75 75 Radian
5 180 12

3 ° l1 l2
12 Now, r1 and r2 but l1 = l2
5 1 2
r1 l1 2 2 5 3 5
3 '
12 60 r2 1 l2 1 12 4
5
The ratio of their radii = 5 : 4
= 12° 36'
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 92 Std.-11 : Maths Darpan – ‘Kumar’

[7] Find the angle in radian through which a l

pendulum swings if its length is 75 cm and the Now, l = r
r
tip describes an arc of length (i) 10 cm (ii) 15 21 7
cm (iii) 21 cm. radian
75 25
(i) 10 cm #
Practice Work : S13
Length of pendulam = 75 cm
3.1 The minute hand of a watch is 1.5 cm long.
Length of an arc l = 10 cm
How far does it tip move in 40 minute ?
Angle subtended by an arc at centre = radian
[Ans. 6.28 cm]
l
Now, l = r 3.2 Find the degree in radian, the angle between
r
the hour hand and the minute hand of a clock
10 2
radian 5
75 15 at half past three. Ans.
12
(ii) 15 cm
3.3 Find the length of arc of a circle of radius 5 cm
Length of pendulam r = 75 cm
subtending a central angle measuring 15°.
Length of an arc l = 15 cm
[Ans. 1.30 cm]
Angle subtended by an arc at centre = radian
3.4 A horse is tied to a post by a rope. If the horse
l moves along a circular path always keeping the
Now, l = r
r rope tight and describes 88 m when it has
15 1 traced out 54° at the centre. Find the length of
radian
75 5 the rope. [Ans. 70 m]
(iii) 21 cm 3.5 The difference between the two acute angle of
Length of pendulam r = 75 cm 2
a right angled triangle is radians. Express
Length of an arc l = 21 cm 5
Angle subtended by an arc at centre = radian the angles in degrees. [Ans. 81°, 9°]

Things to Remember
Trigonometric Functions :
sin (2n ) = sin , n Z
cos (2n ) = cos , n Z
If = 0, ± , ± 2 , ± 3 ,......... then sin = 0
3 5
If = ± , ± , ± ,......... then cos = 0
2 2 2
i.e. sin = 0 = n , where n is integer.

and cos = 0 = (2n + 1)

, where n is integer..
2
Value of Trigonometric Functions :

2 3
0° 30 45 60 90 120 180°( ) 270 360°(2 )
6 4 3 2 3 2
1 1 3 3
sin 1 0 –1 0
2 2 2 2
3 1 1 1
cos 1 –1 0 1
2 2 2 2

1
tan 0 1 3 3 0 0
3
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3. Trigonometric Functions 93

2 3
0° 30 45 60 90 120 180°( ) 270 360°(2 )
6 4 3 2 3 2

1 1
cot 3 1 0
3 3

2
sec 1 2 2 –2 –1 1
3

2 2
cosec 2 2 1 –1
3 3

1
cosec x , x n
sin x
1
sec x , x (2n 1) where n is an integer.
cos x 2
sin x
tan x , x (2n 1)
cos x 2

cos x
cot x , x n
sin x
Identity : sin2 + cos2 = 1
1 + tan2 = sec2
1 + cot2 = cosec2

Transformation of one Trigonometric Functions to Another Trigonometric Functions :

Function sin cos tan cot sec cosec

tan 1
2
sec2 1 1
sin sin 1 cos 2 2
1 tan 1 cot sec cosec

1 cot
2
1 cosec2 1
cos 1 sin cos 1 tan 2 2
1 cot sec cosec

sin 1
1 cos 2 1 2
tan tan sec 1
1 sin 2 cos cot cosec2 1

cos 1
1 sin 2 1
cot
1 cos 2 tan
cot
sec2 1 cosec2 1
sin

1 cosec
1 1 cot 2
sec
1 sin 2 1 tan 2 sec
cosec2 1
cos cot

1 sec
1 1 tan 2
cosec
1 cos 2 1 cot 2 sec2 1
cosec
sin tan
 94 Std.-11 : Maths Darpan – ‘Kumar’

Sign of Trigonometric Functions in different To remember the sign of trigonometric

quadrants : functions in different quadrants, we use the
Y following four word phrase.
Second Quadrant First Quadrant
0 After School To College [All S T C]
2 2
90° + and 180° – 360° + and 90° –
All trigonometric A Indicates that all trigonometric functions
sin and cosec
are positive. functions are positive. are positive in first quadrant.
90°
90° S Indicates that sine and its reciprocal are
X' X
O positive in second quadrant.
Third Quadrant Fourth Quadrant
3 3 T Indicates that tan and its reciprocal are
2
2 2 positive in third quadrant.
180° + and 270° – 270° + and 360° –
tan and cot cos and sec C Indicates that cos and its reciprocal are
are positive. are positive.
positive in fourth quadrant.
Y'

Domain and Range of Trigonometric Functions

T-Function Domain Range Graph

1
O 4
X' – X
–4 –3 –2 –1 2 3
sin R [–1, 1] 2

y = sin x Y'

1
–3 – 3
X' X
–4 –2 –1 2 4
cos R [–1, 1] 2

y = cos x
Y'

tan R
2
3
– 1 2
2 2
X' X
–
(2n 1) , R 2 -1
2 -2

X'
n Z
y = tan x
3. Trigonometric Functions 95
Y

cot R
3
– 2 2
X' – X
O
n R 2 2

n Z Y'
y = cot x

sec R
2
1 2
–
X' – X
O 3
(2n 1) , R – (–1, 1) 2 –1 2
2 2
–2

n Z Y'
y = sec x

cosec R
2
– 3
2 1 2 2
–
X' X
n R – (–1, 1) -1
2
-2

n Z Y'
y = cosec x

Behaviour of T-Functions in different quadrants :

T-Functions Ist quadrant IInd quadrant IIIrd quadrant IVth quadrant

sine Increases from Decreases from Decreases from Increases from
0 to 1 1 to 0 0 to –1 –1 to 0
cos Decreases from Decreases from Increases from Increases from
1 to 0 0 to –1 –1 to 0 0 to 1
tan Increases from Increases from Increases from Increases from
0 to – to 0 0 to – to 0
cot Decreases from Decreases from Decreases from Decreases from
to 0 0 to – to 0 0 to –
sec Increases from Increases from Decreases from Decreases from
1 to – to –1 –1 to – 0 to 1
cosec Decreases from Increases from Increases from Decreases from
to 1 1 to – to –1 –1 to –
 96 Std.-11 : Maths Darpan – ‘Kumar’

The trigonometric functions change at allied angle which are given in the table :
sin cosec cos sec tan cot
– – sin – cosec cos sec – tan – cot

2 cos sec sin cosec cot tan

cos sec – sin – cosec – cot – tan

2
– sin cosec – cos – sec – tan – cot
+ – sin – cosec – cos – sec tan cot
3
2 – cos – sec – sin – cosec cot tan
3
– cos – sec sin cosec – cot – tan
2
2 – – sin – cosec cos sec – tan – cot
2 + sin cosec cos sec tan cot
A function f(x) is said to be an even function, if f(– x) = f(x) for all x in its domain.
cosx is an even function as cos (– x) = cosx
A function f(x) is said to be an odd function, if f(– x) = – f(x) for all x in its domain.
sinx is an odd function as sin(– x) = – sin x.
Note : cos x and sec x is an even function, while the sin x, cosec x, tan x, cot x are odd functions.

EXERCISE-3.2 [S2]
Find the values of other five trigonometric 3
functions in Exercises 1 to 5. (2) sin x , x lies in second quadrant.
5
1
(1) cos x , x lies in third quadrant. # cos x 1 sin 2 x , x liesin second quadrant.
2
[Que. Bank - 2024, 2025] cos x 1 sin 2 x
sin x 1 cos2 x , x lies in third quadrant. 2
3
1
sin x 1 cos 2 x 5
9
1
2 1
1 25
2
16 4
1 25 5
1
4 1 5
cosec x
3 3 sin x 3
4 2 1 5
sec x
1 2 cos x 4
cosec x 3
sin x 3 sin x 3
tan x 5
1 cos x 4 4
sec x 2 5
cos x
1 4
3 cot x
sin x tan x 3
tan x 2 3
cos x 1 3
2 (3) cot x , x lies in third quadrant.
4
1 1
cot x 1 4
tan x 3 tan x
cot x 3
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 3. Trigonometric Functions 97

5
sec x 1 tan 2 x , x lies in third quadrant. (5) tan x , x lies in second quadrant.
12
sec x 1 tan 2 x
sec x 1 tan 2 x , x lies in second quadrant.
2
4
1 sec x 1 tan 2 x
3
2
16 5
1 1
9 12
25 25
1
9 144
5 169
3 144
1 3 13
cos x
sec x 5 12
and sin x = tan x cos x 1 12
cos x
4 3 4 sec x 13
3 5 5 OR sin x = tan x cos x
1 5 5 12 5
cosec x
sin x 4 12 13 13
13
(4) sec x , x lies in fourth quadrant. # 1 13
5 cosec x
sin x 5
1 5
cos x 1 12
sec x 13 cot x
tan x 5
sin x 1 cos2 x , x lies in fourth quadrant.
Practice Work : S13
4.1 Find the value of other five trigonometric
sin x 1 cos 2 x
function.

5
2 12
1 (1) cot , lies in third quadrant.
13 5
3
(2) tan , lies in third quadrant.
25 4
1
169
2 6
(3) sin , lies in fourth quadrant.
144 5
169 5
(4) cot x , x lies in second quadrant.
12 12
13 5 12 5
1 13 Ans. 4.1(1) sin , cos , tan ,
cosec x 13 13 12
sin x 12 13 13
cosec , sec .
12 5 12
sin x 13 12
tan x 3 4 5
cos x 5 5
13 (2) sin , cos , cosec ,
5 5 3
1 5 5 4
cot x sec , cot .
tan x 12 4 3
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 98 Std.-11 : Maths Darpan – ‘Kumar’

5 1 sin
(3) cosec , cos , sec 5,
3
2 6 5
1 3
tan 2 6 , cot .
2 6 2
12 12 13 15
(4) tan x , sin x , cosec , (10) cot
5 13 12 4
5 13 5 15 15
cos x , sec x , cot x . cot cot
13 5 12 4 4
Find the values of the trigonometric functions ( cot is an odd function)
in Exercises 6 to 10.
(6) sin 765° # [Que. Bank - 2024, 2025] cot 4
4
765° = 720° + 45°
= (180° × 4) + 45° cot
4
765° lies in the first quadrant.
sin 765° = sin (180° × 4 + 45°) O 15
( lies in the fourth quadrant)
= sin 45° 4
1
cot
2 4
(7) cosec (–1410°) = 1
cosec(–1410°) = – cosec (1410°) Practice Work : S13
( cosec is an odd function) 5.1 Prove that, cos 510° cos 330° + sin 390°
= – cosec (180° × 8 – 30°) cos 120° = –1.
= – [– cosec 30°] 5.2 Prove that,
( cosec 1410° lies in fourth quadrant) 8 23 13 35 1
sin cos cos sin
cosec 30° 3 6 3 6 2
= 2 5.3 Prove that,
19
(8) tan [Que. Bank - 2024, 2025] 7 4
3 sin 2 sin 2 sin 2 sin 2 2
18 9 18 9
19
tan tan 6 5.4 Find the value of x.
3 3
(1) cosec(90° + ) + x cos cot(90° + ) =
19
tan ( lies in the first quadrant) sin(90° + )
3 3
(2) x cot(90° + ) + tan(90° + )sin
3
+ cosec(90° + ) = 0
11 Ans. 5.4 (1) tan (2) sin
(9) sin
3 5.5 Find the value of following trigonometric
11 11 function.
sin sin
3 3 11
(1) tan(–585°) (2) sin(4530°) (3) tan
( sin is an odd function) 6
(4) cos (1755°) (5) sin(–330°)
sin 4
3 (6) cos(–1800°) [Que. Bank - 2025]
1 1
sin Ans. 5.5 (1) –1 (2) (3)
3 2 3
1 1
11 (4) (5) (6) 1
( lies in the fourth quadrant) 2 2
3
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 3. Trigonometric Functions 99

3 5.7 Find the value of

5.6 Prove that cos x cos(2 x)
sin (135°) cosec (225°) tan (150°) cot (315°)
2
3 1
cot x cot(2 x) 1# Ans.
2 3

Things to Remember
Trigonometric Functions of sum and Difference of Two Angles.
Trigonometric Identity : x y x y
(17) sin x sin y 2sin cos
(1) cos (x + y) = cos x cos y – sin x sin y 2 2
(2) cos (x – y) = cos x cos y + sin x sin y x y x y
(3) sin (x + y) = sin x cos y + cos x sin y (18) sin x sin y 2cos sin
2 2
(4) sin (x – y) = sin x cos y – cos x sin y (19) 2cos x cos y = cos(x + y) + cos(x – y)
tan x tan y (20) – 2sin x sin y = cos(x + y) – cos(x – y)
(5) tan ( x y)
1 tan x tan y
(21) 2sin x cos y = sin(x + y) + sin(x – y)
tan x tan y (22) 2cos x sin y = sin(x + y) – sin(x – y)
(6) tan ( x y)
1 tan x tan y
x x
(23) cos x cos2 sin 2
cot x cot y 1 2 2
(7) cot ( x y)
cot y cot x x
2cos2 1
cot x cot y 1 2
(8) cot ( x y)
cot y cot x x
1 2sin 2
2
(9) cos(2x) = cos2x – sin2x [Que. Bank - 2024]
= 2cos2x – 1 1 tan 2 x2
= 1 – 2sin2x 1 tan 2 x2
1 tan 2 x
x x 2tan x2
1 tan 2 x (24) sin x 2sin cos
2 2 1 tan 2 x2
2tan x
(10) sin(2 x ) 2sin x cos x
1 tan 2 x 2tan x2
[Que. Bank - 2024] (25) tan x
1 tan 2 x2
2tan x
(11) tan(2 x ) [Que. Bank - 2024] x x
1 tan 2 x (26) sin x 3sin 4 sin 3
3 3
(12) sin(3x) = 3 sinx – 4 sin3x.
(13) cos(3x) = 4 cos3x – 3 cosx. x x
3 (27) cos x 4cos 3 3 cos
3tan x tan x 3 3
(14) tan(3x )
1 3 tan 2 x
3 tan x3 tan 3 x3
x y x y (28) tan x
(15) cos x cos y 2cos cos 1 3 tan 2 x3
2 2
x y x y (29) sin(A + B) sin(A – B) = sin2A – sin2B = cos2B – cos2A
(16) cos x cos y 2sin sin
2 2 (30) cos(A + B) cos(A – B) = cos2A – sin2B = cos2B – sin2A
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 100 Std.-11 : Maths Darpan – ‘Kumar’

EXERCISE-3.3 [S3]
Prove that : (1 to 4)
2 3 2 2
[4] 2sin 2cos 2sec 10
2 2 2 1 4 4 3
[1] sin cos tan #
6 3 4 2 3
L.H.S. = 2sin 2 2cos2 2sec2
2 4 4 3
L.H.S. = sin cos 2 tan 2
6 3 4 1
2
2 2 2sin2 2 2(2)2
1 1 2 4 2
(1)
2 2 1
2sin 2 2 2(4)
1 1 4 2
1
4 4 2
1
1 2 1 8
1 2
2
= 1 + 1 + 8
1
2 = 10 = R.H.S.
= R.H.S. [5] Find the value of :
(i) sin (75°) [Que. Bank - 2024]
2 2 7 2 3
[2] 2sin cosec cos sin (75°) = sin (30° + 45°)
6 6 3 2
Now, sin (x + y) = sinx cosy + cosx siny
2 7
L.H.S. = 2sin cosec 2 cos2
6 6 3 Taking x = 30°, y = 45°
2 2 sin (75°) = sin (30° + 45°)
1 1
2 cosec2 = sin 30° cos 45° + cos 30° sin 45°
2 6 2
1 1 1 1 3 1
cosec2
2 6 4 2 2 2 2
1 1 1 3
(2)2
2 4 2 2 2 2
1
1 1 3
2
2 2
3
R.H.S.
2 (ii) tan (15°)
2 5 2 tan x tan y
[3] cot 3tan cosec6 tan ( x y)
6 6 6 1 tan x tan y
[Que. Bank - 2024] [Similar Que. Bank - 2025] Taking x = 45°, y = 30°
5 tan (15°) = tan (45° – 30°)
L.H.S. = cot 2 cosec 3tan 2
6 6 6 tan 45 tan 30
2 1 tan 45 tan 30
2 1
3 cosec 3
6 3 1 1
3 3 1
1 1 1 3 1
3 cosec 3 3
6 3
= 3 + 2 + 1 = 6 3 1 3 1
tan (15°)
= R.H.S. 3 1 3 1
# UID : P1-C3-S3-Q1
 3. Trigonometric Functions 101

( 3 1)2 cos (x y)
( 3)2 (1)2 2

3 2 3 1 = sin (x + y) cos sin

2
3 1
= R.H.S.
4 2 3 tan 4 x 2
1 tan x
2 [7]
tan 4 x 1 tan x
2 (2 3)
2 tan 4 x
L.H.S. =
2 3 tan 4 x
Practice Work : S13 tan 4 tan x 1 tan 4 tan x
6.1 Prove that, 1 tan 4 tan x tan 4 tan x
5
3sin sec 4sin cot 1. # tanA ± tanB
6 3 6 4 tan(A ± B)
1 tanA tanB
11 4
6.2 Prove that, tan 2sin 1 tan x 1 tan x
3 6 tan 1
1 tan x 1 tan x 4
3 17 3 4 3
cosec2 4cos 2 (1 tan x )2
4 4 6 2
(1 tan x )2
6.3 Find the value of
2
(1) cos 75° (2) tan 75° 1 tan x
= R.H.S.
(3) cos 15° [Que. Bank - 2025] 1 tan x
(4) sec 105° Practice Work : S13
3 1 3 1 7.1 Prove that, sin(40° + ) cos(10° + ) –
Ans. 6.3 (1) (2) 2 3 (3)
2 2 2 2 1
cos(40° + ) sin(10° + ) =
2 2 2
(4)
1 3 tan A + tanB sin(A + B)
7.2 Prove that,
tan A tanB sin(A B)
Prove that
3
[6] cos x cos y sin x 7.3 Prove that, cos2 45° – sin2 15° =
4 4 4 4
7.4 Prove that,
sin y sin( x y)
4 cos 105° + cos 15° = sin 75° – sin 15°
[Que. Bank - 2024, 2025] cos( x ) cos( x )
L.H.S. = [8] cot 2 x
sin( x ) cos 2 x
cos x cos y sin x sin y [Que. Bank - 2024, 2025]
4 4 4 4
cos( x ) cos( x )
L.H.S. =
cos x y sin( x ) cos 2 x
4 4
( cosA cosB – sinA sinB = cos(A + B)) ( cos is an even function)
cos x cos x
cos x y
4 4 sin x ( sin x )
# UID : P1-C3-S13-Q6.1
 102 Std.-11 : Maths Darpan – ‘Kumar’

cos 2 x 13
2 8.3 If x and y are acute angles and cos x = and
sin x = cot x
2 14
1
3 cos y = then prove that x – y = – .
[9] cos x cos(2 x) 7 3
2
3 3
3 [11] cos x cos x 2 sin x
cot x cot(2 x) 1 # 4 4
2 [Que. Bank - 2024, 2025]

3 3 3
L.H.S. = cos x cos(2 x) L.H.S. = cos x cos x
2 4 4
3 3
3 cos cos x sin sin x
cot x cot(2 x) 4 4
2
3 3
= sin x cos x [tan x + cot x] cos cos x sin sin x
4 4
3 ( Using formula)
x Fourth quadrant
2 3
2 + x First quadrant 2sin sin x
4
3 2sin sin x
x Third quadrant 4
2
sin x cos x Second quadrant
sin x cos x 4
cos x sin x
2sin sin x
sin 2 x cos2 x 4
sin x cos x
sin x cos x 1
2 sin x 2 sin x R.H.S.
= 1 = R.H.S. ( sin2x + cos2x = 1) 2
[12] sin2 6x – sin2 4x = sin 2x sin 10x
[10] sin(n + 1)x sin(n + 2)x +
[Que. Bank - 2024]
cos(n + 1)x cos(n + 2)x = cos x 2 2
L.H.S. = sin 6x – sin 4x
[Que. Bank - 2024, 2025]
sin2A – sin2B = sin(A + B) sin(A – B) using this
L.H.S. = sin(n + 1)x sin(n + 2)x + formula,
cos(n + 1)x cos(n + 2)x L.H.S. = sin2 6x – sin2 4x
cos (n 1)x (n 2)x = sin(6x + 4x) sin(6x – 4x)
( cosA cosB + sinA sinB = cos(A – B)) = sin 10x sin 2x
= sin 2x sin 10x
= cos [nx + x – nx – 2x]
= R.H.S.
= cos (– x)
[13] cos 2x – cos2 6x = sin 4x sin 8x
2
= cos x = R.H.S. ( cos is an even function)
[Similar Que. Bank - 2024, 2025]
Practice Work : S13 L.H.S. = cos2 2x – cos2 6x
tan 69 tan 66 = (1 – sin2 2x) – (1 – sin2 6x)
8.1 Prove that 1
1 tan 69 tan 66 ( cos2 = 1 – sin2 )
= 1 – sin2 2x – 1 + sin2 6x
4 5
8.2 If sinA = and cosB = , where 0 < A, B < = sin2 6x – sin2 2x
5 13 2
= sin(6x + 2x) sin(6x – 2x)
then find (i) sin(A + B) (ii) cos(A – B). ( Using formula)
56 63 = sin 8x sin 4x
Ans. 8.2 (i) (ii)
65 65 = sin 4x sin 8x = R.H.S.
# UID : P1-C3-S3-Q9
 3. Trigonometric Functions 103

Practice Work : S13 cos4x

9.1 Prove that, 2sin 4 x cos x
sin 4x
A A 1 = 2 cos4x cosx ............(1)
sin 2 sin 2 sin A #
8 2 8 2 2
R.H.S. = cot x (sin 5x – sin 3x)
9.2 Find the value of
cos x 5x 3x 5x 3x
2 1 1
2 2cos sin
(1) sin 37 sin 7 [Que. Bank - 2025] sin x 2 2
2 2

2 1 1 C+D C+D
(2) sin 52 cos2 7 sinC sinD = 2cos sin
2 2 2 2

1 1 cos x
(3) cos2 37 sin 2 37 2cos4 x sin x
2 2 sin x
1 1 6 2
Ans. 9.2 (1) (2) (3) = 2 cos4x cosx ............(2)
2 2 2 2 4
From (1) and (2),
9.3 Prove that,
sin2A + sin2B + cos2(A + B) + L.H.S. = R.H.S.

2sinA sinB cos(A + B) = 1 cot 4x (sin5x + sin3x) = cotx (sin5x – sin3x)

[14] sin(2x) + 2sin(4x) + sin(6x) = 4cos2 x sin4x Practice Work : S13

L.H.S. = sin(2x) + 2sin(4x) + sin(6x) 10.1 Prove that,
= sin(2x) + sin(4x) + sin(4x) + sin 6x 2 4
sin sin sin 0
= (sin 4x + sin 2x) + (sin 6x + sin 4x) 3 3
4x 2x 4x 2x 10.2 Prove that,
2sin cos
2 2 1
cos20° + cos60° + cos100° + cos140° =
6x 4x 6x 4x 2
2sin cos 10.3 Prove that,
2 2
x y x y 3 sin10 2 sin55 cos80 2cos50
sin x sin y 2sin cos
2 2 10.4 Prove that, sin 65 cos 65 2 cos20
= 2sin(3x) cosx + 2sin(5x) cosx
10.5 Prove that, cos 55 cos 65 cos175 0
= 2cos x [sin(5x) + sin(3x)]
cos(9x ) cos(5 x ) sin(2 x )
5x 3x 5x 3x [16] sin(17 x ) sin(3 x ) cos(10 x )
2cos x 2sin cos
2 2
cos(9x ) cos(5x )
= 2cos x [2sin 4x cos x] L.H.S. = sin(17 x ) sin(3x )
= 4cos2 x sin(4x)
9x 5x 9x 5x
= R.H.S. 2sin 2
sin 2
[15] cot 4x (sin 5x + sin 3x) = cot x (sin 5x – sin 3x). 17 x 3x 17 x 3x
2cos 2
sin 2
L.H.S. = cot 4x [sin 5x + sin 3x]

cos4 x 5x 3x 5x 3x sin (7 x ) sin (2x )

2sin cos
sin 4x 2 2 cos (10 x ) sin (7 x )

C+D C D sin (2x )

sinC sinD = 2sin cos R.H.S.
2 2 cos (10 x )
# UID : P1-C3-S13-Q9.1
 104 Std.-11 : Maths Darpan – ‘Kumar’

sin 5 x sin 3 x (sin 3x sin x )

[17] tan 4 x #
2
cos 5x cos 3 x (cos x sin 2 x )
sin5x sin 3x
L.H.S. = sin3x sin x
cos5x cos3x 2
cos x sin 2 x
5x 3x 5x 3x
2sin 2
cos 2 3x x 3x x
5x 3x 5x 3x 2cos 2
sin 2
2cos 2 2
cos( x x ) cos( x x)
sin 4 x cos x
cos 4 x cos x 2cos2x sin x
cos 2x cos 0
= tan 4x
= R.H.S. = 2sin x ( cos 0 = 1)
sin x sin y x y Practice Work : S13
[18] tan [Que. Bank - 2024]
cos x cos y 2
[Similar Que. Bank - 2025] cos7A cos5A
11.1 Prove that, cot A
sin7A sin5A
sin x sin y
L.H.S. =
cos x cos y
sin 512 5
cos 12 1
x y x y 11.2 Prove that,
2cos sin cos 512 5
sin 12 3
2 2
x y x y 11.3 Prove that, sin 10° + sin 50° – sin 70° = 0
2cos 2
cos 2
11.4 Prove that, cos 18 sin 18 2 sin 27
x y
sin 2 11.5 If sin = n sin ( + 2 ) then prove that,
x y 1 n
cos 2 tan
tan( + )=
1 n
x y
tan R.H.S. cos(4 x ) cos(3 x ) cos(2 x )
2 [21] cot(3 x )
sin(4 x ) sin(3 x ) sin(2 x )
sin x sin3 x [Que. Bank - 2024]
[19] tan2 x
cos x cos3 x cos(4x ) cos(3x ) cos(2x )
L.H.S. =
sin x sin 3x sin(4 x ) sin(3x ) sin(2x )
L.H.S. =
cos x cos3x cos(4 x ) cos(2 x ) cos(3x )
x 3x x 3x sin(4 x ) sin(2 x ) sin(3x )
2sin 2
cos 2
4x 2x 4x 2x
x 3x x 3x 2cos 2
cos 2
cos 3x
2cos 2
cos 2
4x 3x 4x 2x
2sin 2
cos 2
sin 3x
sin 2x cos ( x )
cos 2x cos ( x ) 2cos (3x ) cos x cos (3x )
= tan 2x = R.H.S. 2sin (3x ) cos x sin (3x )

sin x sin3 x cos (3x ) [2cos x 1]

[20] 2sin x sin (3x ) [2cos x 1]
2 2
sin x cos x
sin x sin 3x = cot (3x)
L.H.S. = 2
sin x cos 2 x = R.H.S.
# UID : P1-C3-S3-Q17
 3. Trigonometric Functions 105
Practice Work : S13 = tan 2(2x)
cos3A 2cos5A cos7A 2tan 2x
12.1 Prove that, cos A 2cos3A cos5A 1 tan 2 2x
cos2A sin 2A tan 3A #
12.2 Prove that, sinA + sinB + sinC – sin(A + B + C) = 2 2tan x
1 tan 2 x
A +B B+C C+ A 2
4sin sin sin
2 2 2 1 2 tan x
12.3 Prove that, 1 tan 2 x

A B 4 tan x (1 tan 2 x )2
(cosA – cosB)2 + (sinA – sinB)2 = 4sin2
2
(1 tan 2 x ) (1 tan 2 x )2 4tan 2 x
12.4 Prove that,
(1) cos 80° + cos 40° – cos 20° = 0
4 tan x (1 tan 2 x )
(2) sin 51° + cos 81° = cos 21°
1 2 tan 2 x tan 4 x 4tan 2 x
12.5 Prove that,
(1) sinA + sin2A + sin4A + sin5A =
4 tan x (1 tan 2 x )
A 3A
4cos cos sin 3A. 1 6 tan 2 x tan 4 x
2 2
(2) cos3A + cos5A + cos7A + cos15A = = R.H.S.
4cos4A cos5A cos6A. [24] cos 4x = 1 – 8 sin2x cos2x
[22] cot x cot 2x – cot 2x cot 3x – cot 3x cot x = 1 [Que. Bank - 2024, 2025]
[Similar Que. Bank - 2024] L.H.S. = cos 4x
3x = 2x + x = cos 2(2x)
cot 3x = cot (2x + x) = 1 – 2 sin2 2x ( cos 2 = 1 – 2 sin2 )
cot 2 x cot x 1 = 1 – 2 (2sinx cosx)2
cot 3x ( sin 2 = 2sin cos )
cot 2x cot x
cot 2x cot 3x + cot 3x cot x = cot 2x cot x – 1 = 1 – 8 sin x cos2x
2

cot x cot 2x – cot 2x cot 3x – cot 3x cot x = 1 = R.H.S.

[25] cos 6x = 32 cos6x – 48 cos4x + 18 cos2x – 1
Practice Work : S13
[Que. Bank - 2024, 2025]
13.1 Prove that,
L.H.S. = cos 6x
tan3A tan2A tanA = tan3A – tan2A – tanA
= cos 3(2x)
13.2 Prove that, tan25° tan15° tan15° tan50° +
= 4cos3 2x – 3cos 2x
tan25° tan50° = 1.
[ cos 3 = 4cos3 – 3cos ]
13.3 Prove that, tan65° tan25° 2tan40°.
= 4 [2cos2x – 1]3 – 3 [2cos2x – 1]
13.4 If A + B + C = k k Z then prove that,
( cos 2 = 2cos2 – 1)
(1) tanA + tanB + tanC = tanA tanB tanC
= (2cos x – 1) [4(2cos2x – 1)2 – 3]
2
(2) cotB cotC + cotC cotA + cotA cotB = 1. = (2cos2 x – 1) [4(4cos4x – 4cos2x + 1) – 3]
4tan x (1
2
tan x ) = (2cos2 x – 1) [16 cos4x – 16cos2x + 4 – 3]
[23] tan 4 x
1 6 tan 2 x tan 4 x = (2cos2 x – 1) [16 cos4x – 16cos2x + 1]
[Que. Bank - 2024, 2025] = 32 cos6x – 32 cos4x + 2cos2x –
16 cos4x + 16 cos2x – 1
2tan = 32 cos6x – 48 cos4x + 18cos2x – 1
L.H.S. = tan 4x tan 2
1 tan 2 = R.H.S.
# UID : P1-C3-S13-Q12.1
 106 Std.-11 : Maths Darpan – ‘Kumar’

Practice Work : S13 sec 8 1 tan 8

14.1 Prove that, 14.4 Prove that,
sec 4 1 tan 2
sin 5A = 5 cos4A sinA – 10 cos2A sin3A + sin5A #
14.5 Prove that,
3 3 2
14.2 Prove that, sin A sin A sin 4A = 4 sinA cos3A – 4 cosA sin3A
3
4 3 1
sin 3 A sin 3A 14.6 If 2 cos x then prove that,
3 4 x

14.3 Prove that, 1

2 cos3 x3 .
cos 5A = 16 cos5A – 20 cos3A + 5 cosA x3

MISCELLANEOUS EXERCISE-3 [S4]

Prove that : 2
x y x y
2cos cos
9 3 5 2 2
[1] 2cos cos cos cos 0 2
13 13 13 13 x y x y
[Que. Bank - 2025] 2cos sin
2 2
39 5 x y x y
L.H.S. 2cos cos cos cos 4cos2 cos2
13 13
13 13 2 2
9 9 x y x y
cos cos 4cos2 sin 2
13 13 13 13 2 2
3 5
cos cos x y x y x y
13 13 4cos2 cos 2 sin 2
2 2 2
10 8 3 5
cos cos cos cos x y
13 13 13 13 4cos 2 ( cos 2 sin 2 1)
3 5 2
cos cos
13 13 = R.H.S.
3 5 2 2 y 2 x
cos cos [4] (cos x cos y ) (sin x sin y ) 4sin
13 13 2
[Que. Bank - 2024]
3 5 3 5
cos cos cos cos L.H.S. = (cos x – cos y)2 + (sin x – sin y)2
13 13 13 13
= 0 2
x y x y
2sin sin
= R.H.S. 2 2
[2] [sin(3x) + sin x] sinx + [cos(3x) – cos x]cos x = 0 2
x y x y
L.H.S. 2cos sin
2 2
= [sin(3x) + sin x] sinx + [cos(3x) – cos x]cos x
= sin(3x) sinx + sin2x + cos(3x) cosx – cos2x x y x y
4sin 2 sin 2
= [cos(3x) cos x + sin(3x) sinx] – (cos2x – sin2x) 2 2
= cos(3x – x) – cos (2x) ( cos( + ) and cos(2 )) x y x y
4cos2 sin 2
= cos(2x) – cos(2x) 2 2
= 0 = R.H.S. x y x y x y
x y 4sin2 sin2 cos2
[3] (cos x cos y )2 (sin x sin y )2 4cos2 2 2 2
2
x y
[Que. Bank - 2025] 4sin 2 ( sin 2 cos 2 1)
2
L.H.S. = (cos x + cos y)2 + (sin x – sin y)2 = R.H.S.
# UID : P1-C3-S13-Q14.1
 3. Trigonometric Functions 107
[5] sin x + sin(3x) + sin(5x) + sin(7x) = x x x
4cos x cos(2x) sin(4x) # Find sin , cos and tan in each of the
2 2 2
L.H.S. = sin x + sin(3x) + sin(5x) + sin(7x) following.
= [sin(5x) + sin(3x)] + [sin(7x) + sin x] 4
[8] tan x , x in quadrant IInd.
5x 3x 5x 3x 3
2sin cos
2 2 [Que. Bank - 2024]
7x x 7x x x is in IInd quadrant.
2sin cos
2 2
x
= 2sin(4x) cos x + 2sin(4x) cos(3x) 2
= 2sin(4x) [cos(3x) + cos x] x
3x x 3x x 4 22
2sin(4 x ) 2cos cos
2 2 x
is in first quadrant.
= 2sin(4x) [2cos 2x cos x] 2
= 4cos x cos 2x sin 4x 2tan x2
= R.H.S. Now, tan x
1 tan 2 x2
[sin(7 x ) sin(5 x )] [sin(9 x ) sin(3 x )]
[6] tan(6 x )
[cos(7 x ) cos(5 x )] [cos(9 x ) cos(3 x )] x 4
Let, tan A and tan x
[Que. Bank - 2024] 2 3
[sin(7 x ) sin(5x )] [sin(9x ) sin(3x )] 4 2A
L.H.S. [cos(7 x ) cos(5x )] [cos(9x ) cos(3x )] 3 1 A2
7 x 5x 7 x 5x 9x 3x 9x 3x –4 + 4A2 = 6A
2sin 2
cos 2
2sin 2
cos 2
4A2 – 6A – 4 = 0
7 x 5x 7 x 5x 9 x 3x 9x 3x
2cos 2
cos 2
2cos 2
cos 2 2A2 – 3A – 2 = 0
2sin(6 x ) cos x 2sin(6 x ) cos 3x (A – 2) (2A + 1) = 0
2cos(6 x ) cos x 2cos(6 x ) cos 3x A – 2 = 0 OR 2A + 1 = 0
2sin 6 x [cos x cos 3x] 1
A = 2 OR A
2cos 6 x [cos x cos 3x] 2
= tan(6x) = R.H.S. x x 1
tan 2 OR tan
x 3x 2 2 2
[7] sin(3 x ) sin(2 x ) sin x 4sin x cos cos
2 2 x x
L.H.S. = sin(3x) + sin(2x) – sin x But is in Ist quadrant. So, tan 0.
2 2
= sin(3x) – sin x + sin(2x) x
tan 2
3x x 3x x 2
2cos sin 2sin x cos x
2 2 1 tan 2 x2
= 2cos(2x) sin x + 2sin x cos x Now, cos x
1 tan 2 x2
= 2sin x [cos(2x) + cos x]
2x x 2x x 1 4 x
2sin x 2cos cos tan 2
2 2 1 4 2
3
3x x
4sin x cos cos 5
2 2
x 5 3
x 3x Now, 2sin 2 1 cos x
4sin x cos cos 2 5
2 2
3 8
= R.H.S. 1
5 5
# UID : P1-C3-S4-Q5
 108 Std.-11 : Maths Darpan – ‘Kumar’

x 1
2cos 2 1 cos x [10] sin x , x in quadrant II.
2 4
3 x is in IInd quadrant.
1
5
5 3 x
2
5
x
2
4 2 2
5
x
2 x 4 2 x 1 is in Ist quadrant.
sin cos 2
2 5 2 5
Now, cos2x = 1 – sin2x
x 2 x x 1 x
sin sin 0 cos cos 0 1
2 5 2 2 5 2 1
16
x 2 5 x 5 15
sin cos
2 5 2 5 16
1
[9] cos x , x in quadrant III. # 15
3 cos x ( x is in IInd quadrant)
[Que. Bank - 2025] 4
x
x is in IIIrd quadrant. 2sin 2 1 cos x
2
3
x 15
2 1
x 3 4
2 2 4 4 15
x 4
is in second quadrant.
2
8 2 15
2 x 2 x
Now, 2sin 1 cos x 2cos 1 cos x 8
2 2
x 8 2 15
1
1
1
1 sin2
3 3 2 16

1
1 2 ( 5 3)2
3 3 16
4
x 5 3 x
3 sin sin 0
2 4 2
x 2 x 1
sin 2 cos 2 x
2 3 2 3 2cos 2 1 cos x
2
x 2 x x 1 x
sin sin 0 cos cos 0 15
2 3 2 2 3 2 1
4
x 6 x 3
sin cos 4 15
2 3 2 3
4
x sin x2 8 2 15
Now, tan
2 cos x2 8
x 8 2 15
6 cos2
3 2 16

x ( 5 3)2
2 tan 0 16
2
# UID : P1-C3-S4-Q9
 3. Trigonometric Functions 109

5 3 15.4 Prove that, (2 cos + 1) (2 cos – 1)

x x
cos cos 0 (2 cos 2 – 1) (2 cos 4 – 1) = 2 cos 8 + 1
2 4 2
15.5 If ABC is a right angle triangle then prove
x sin x2 that cos2A + cos2B + cos2C = 1
Now, tan
2 cos x2 sin2A + sin2B + sin2C = 2
3 5
5 3 15.6 If cos , cos ,0 , then find
5 13 2
5 3
the value of sin 2 and cos 2 .
5 3 5 3 2 2
5 3 5 3 1 64
Ans. ,
65 65
( 5 3)2 15.7 Prove that
5 3 1
sin6° sin(42°) sin(66°) sin(78°) .
5 3 2 15 16
2 15.8 Prove that 2 tan + cot = tan
2tan ( – ) = cot .
4 15
15.9 If and sin = k sin then prove
x
tan 4 15 k sin sin
2 that tan and tan .
1 k cos k cos
Practice Work : S13
2 4
15.1 Prove that, 15.10 If a sin b sin = c sin
3 3

(i) cot 2 3 4 6 # then prove that, ab + bc + ca = 0.

24
5 4
15.11 If cos , and tan ,
(ii) tan 4 2 2 2 1 13 2 3
16 3
then determine the quadrant of
(iii) 4 sin 27 5 5 3 5 2
15.2 If and are roots of the equation P( + ). (Ans. IVth quadrant)
a cos b cos c then prove that, 15.12 Solve : 2 sec tan 1
2ab
(i) cos cos and (Ans. 2n , n Z)
2
a b2 4
15.13 Solve : 4 cos – 3 sec = tan
c2 b2
cos cos 1 17
a2 b2 (Ans. n + (– 1)n , where sin = ,n Z
8
2ac
(ii) tan tan and 1 17
2
b c2 n + (– 1)n , where sin = , n Z)
2 2 8
a c
tan tan cos cos
b2 c2 15.14 If cos then prove that
1 sin sin
2ab
(iii) sin ( )
2
a b2 tan 2
tan 2
tan .
2 1 tan tan
15.3 If cos = a then show that cos 2 and 2 2
2
1 1
sin 2 are roots of the equation 4x2 – 4x + 15.15 If tan A = and tan B = then show that
2 7 3
1 = a2 . cos(2A) = sin(4B).

# UID : P1-C3-S13-Q15.1.1
 110 Std.-11 : Maths Darpan – ‘Kumar’

S4
S5 Textbook Illustrations for Practice Work

1) Convert 40° 20' into radian measure. # 13

12) Find the value of tan . (Ans. 2 3)
121 12
(Ans. Radian )
540 sin( x y) tan x tan y
13) Prove that, .
2) Convert 6 radians into degree measure. sin( x y) tan x tan y
(Ans. 343° 38' 11'') 14) Show that, tan 3x tan 2x tan x = tan 3x – tan 2x
3) Find the radius of the circle in which a central – tan x. [Que. Bank - 2024, 2025]
angle of 60° intercepts an arc of length 37.4 cm.
15) Prove that,
22
Use (Ans. 35.7 cm)
7
cos x cos x 2 cos x.
4) The minute hand of a watch is 1.5 cm long. 4 4
How far does its tip move in 40 minutes ? cos7 x cos5x
(Use = 3.14). (Ans. 6.28 cm) 16) Prove that, cot x
sin7 x sin5x
5) If the arcs of the same lengths in two circles
subtend angles 65°and 110° at the centre, find sin 5x 2sin 3x sin x
17) Prove that, tan x
the ratio of their radii. (Ans. r1 : r2 = 22 : 13) cos 5x cos x

[Que. Bank - 2025] [Que. Bank - 2025]

3 3 12
6) If cos x , x lies in the third quadrant, find 18) If sinx = , cosy = , where x and y both lie
5 5 13
the values of other five trigonometric functions. in second quadrant, find the value of sin (x + y).
4 5 4 56
(Ans. sin x , cosecx = , tan x ,
5 4 3 (Ans. )
65
3 5
cot x , sec x ) 19) Prove that,
4 3
5 x 9x 5x
7) If cot x , x lies in second quadrant, find cos2 x cos cos3x cos sin5 x sin .
12 2 2 2
the values of other five trigonometric functions.
20) Find the value of tan . (Ans. 2 1)
12 13 5 8
(Ans. tan x , sec x , cos x ,
5 5 13 [Que. Bank - 2024, 2025]
12 13
sin x , cosec x ) 3 3
13 12 21) If tan x , x , find the value of
4 2
31 3
8) Find the value of sin . (Ans. ) x x x
3 2 sin , cos and tan .
2 2 2
9) Find the value of cos (–1710°). (Ans. 0)
3 1
[Que. Bank - 2024] (Ans. , , 3)
10 10
5
10) Prove that, 3sin sec 4sin cot 1 22) Prove that, [Que. Bank - 2024, 2025]
6 3 6 4
3
3 1 cos2 x cos2 x cos2 x .
11) Find the value of sin 15°. (Ans. ) 3 3 2
2 2

# UID : P1-C3-S5-Q1
 3. Trigonometric Functions 111

S4
S6 Solutions of NCERT Exemplar Problems

Short Answer Type Questions

tan A sec A 1 1 sin A
. # 2sin 2 2sin
[1] Prove that
tan A sec A 1 cos A (1 sin )(1 sin cos )
[Ex. 1] 2sin (1 sin )
tanA + secA 1 (1 sin )(1 sin cos )
LHS
tanA secA 1 2sin
2 2
y
tanA + secA (sec A tan A) 1 sin cos
(tanA secA 1) Hence proved.
[ sec2A – tan2A = 1] [3] If m sin = n sin( + 2 ), then prove that
m n
(tanA+secA) (secA tan A)(secA tan A) tan( ) cot . [Ex. 3]
m n
(1 secA tanA)
Given that, m sin = n sin( + 2 )
(secA + tanA)(1 secA tan A) Using componendo and dividendo, we get
1 secA tanA
sin( 2 ) sin m n
1 sin A sin( 2 ) sin m n
secA + tanA
cos A cosA
2 2
1 sin A 2sin cos
2 2 m n
= RHS Hence proved.
cos A 2 2 m n
2cos 2
sin 2
2sin
[2] If y , then prove that x y x y
1 cos sin sin x sin y 2sin cos and
2 2
1 cos sin
1 sin
is also equal to y. [Ex. 2] x y x y
sin x sin y 2cos sin
2 2
2sin
Given that, y sin( ) cos m n
1 cos sin
cos( ) sin m n
1 cos sin
Now, m n
1 sin tan( ) cot
m n
(1 cos sin ) (1 cos sin )
Hence proved.
(1 sin ) (1 cos sin )
4 5
{(1 sin ) cos } {(1 sin ) cos } [4] If cos( ) and sin( ) , where
5 13
(1 sin ) (1 cos sin )
lie between 0 and , then find the value of
4
2 2
(1 sin ) cos tan(2 ). [Ex. 4]
(1 sin )(1 sin cos ) 4 5
Given that cos( ) and sin( )
5 13
(1 sin 2 2sin ) cos 2
16 9 3
(1 sin )(1 sin cos ) sin( ) 1
25 25 5
1 sin 2 2sin 1 sin 2 3
(1 sin )(1 sin cos ) sin( )
5
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 112 Std.-11 : Maths Darpan – ‘Kumar’

25 144 12 [6] Prove that,

and cos( ) 1
169 169 13 9
cos cos cos3 cos sin7 sin8 .
12 2 2
cos( ) [Ex. 6]
13
sin( ) 9
Now, tan( ) LHS cos cos cos3 cos
cos( ) 2 2
1 9
since, lies between 0 and 2cos cos 2cos3 cos
4 2 2 2
3
5 3 1
cos cos
4 4 2 2 2
5
5 9 9
sin( ) 13 5 cos 3 cos 3
and tan( ) 2 2
cos( ) 12 12
13
x y x y
Now, tan (2 ) = tan( + + – ) Using cosx + cosy = 2cos cos
2 2
tan( ) tan( )
1 3 15 3
1 tan( ) tan( ) cos cos cos cos
2 2 2 2 2
tan x tan y ( cos(– ) = cos )
tan( x y)
1 tan x tan y
1 15
3 5 9 5 cos cos
4 12 12 14 16 56 2 2 2
1 3 5 16 5 12 11 33
4 12 16 1 15 15
2sin sin
2 2 2
b
[5] If tan x , then find the value of
a x y x y
cos x cos y 2sin sin
a b a b 2 2
. # [Ex. 5]
a b a b 1
2sin 8 sin 7
b 2
Given that, tan x ( sin (– ) = –sin )
a
= sin (8 sin (7 = RHS
a b a b (a b )2 (a b )2
LHS = RHS
a b a b (a b )( a b)
[7] If a cos + b sin = m and a sin – b cos = n,
(a b ) ( a b ) 2a then show that, a2 + b2 = m2 + n2. [Ex. 7]
[Ques. Bank - 2024]
a2 b2 a2 b2
Given that a cos + b sin = m .............(i)
and a sin – b cos = n ..............(ii)
2a b
tan x On squaring and adding of Eqs. (i) and (ii), we get
b 2 a
a 1 a m2 + n2 = (a cos + b sin )2 + (a sin – b cos )2
= a2 cos2 + b2 sin2 + 2ab sin cos +
2 2cos x a2 sin2 + b2 cos2 – 2ab sin cos
2 2 2 m2 + n2 = a2(cos2 + sin2 ) b2(sin2 + cos2 )
1 tan x cos x sin x
m2 + n2 = a2 b2
[ cos2x = cos2x – sin2x]
Hence proved.
2cos x [8] Find the value of tan(22° 30'). [Ex. 8]
cos2 x
We know that,
# UID : P1-C3-S6-Q5
 3. Trigonometric Functions 113

tan(A + B) tan(A B)
sin 2 2sin 2 cos 2
tan 1 tan(A + B) tan(A B)
2 cos 2 2cos 2 2
tan x tan y
tan( x y)
sin 1 tan x tan y
tan
2 1 cos
p q
Now, = 45°, [From Eqs. (i) and (ii)]
1 pq
sin(45 ) [12] If cos + cos = 0 = sin + sin , then prove
tan(22 30 )
1 cos(45 ) that cos 2 + cos 2 = –2cos( + ). [Ex. 12]
Given that, cos + cos = 0 = sin + sin
1
2 1 (cos + cos )2 – (sin + sin )2 = 0
1 1 2 1
2
cos2 + cos2 + 2cos cos –
[9] Prove that, sin 4A = 4sin Acos3A – 4cosA sin3A. # sin2 – sin2 – 2sin sin 0
[Ex. 9] cos2 – sin2 + cos2 – sin2 =
LHS = sin(4A) 2(sin sin – cos cos
= 2 sin(2A) cos(2A) cos 2 + cos 2 = –2cos ( + )
= 2 (2sinA cosA)(cos2A – sin2A) Hence proved.
= 4 sinA cos3A – 4cosA sin3A = R.H.S.
sin( x y) a b tan x a
[ cos 2A = cos2A – sin2A [13] If , then show that .
sin( x y) a b tan y b
and sin2A = 2sinA cosA] [Ex. 13]
LHS = RHS Hence proved.
sin( x y) a b
[10] If tan + sin = m and tan – sin = n, then Given that, sin(
x y) a b
prove that m2 – n2 = 4 sin tan . [Ex. 10]
Using componendo and dividendo,
Given that, tan + sin = m ........(i)
and tan – sin = n ........(ii) sin( x y ) [sin( x y )] a b a b
Now, m + n = tan + sin + tan – sin sin( x y ) sin( x y) a b a b
m + n = 2 tan .......(iii)
Also, m – n = tan + sin – tan + sin x y x y x y x y
2sin cos
2 2 2a
m – n = 2 sin ........(iv)
x y x y x y x y 2b
From Eqs. (iii) and (iv), 2cos 2
sin 2
(m + n)(m – n) = 4sin tan
m2 – n2 = 4sin tan x y x y
Hence proved. sin x sin y 2sin cos and
2 2
[11] If tan(A + B) = p and tan(A – B) = q, then show
x y x y
p +q sin x sin y 2cos sin
that tan 2A = . [Ex. 11] 2 2
1 pq
Given that tan(A + B) = p .............(i) sin x cos y a
and tan(A – B) = q ..............(ii) cos x sin y b
2A = A + A
2A = (A + B) + (A – B) tan x a
tan(2A) = tan [A + B + A – B] tan y b

# UID : P1-C3-S6-Q9
 114 Std.-11 : Maths Darpan – ‘Kumar’

Long Answer Type Questions

[14] If sin( + ) = a and sin( + ) = b, then prove
2sin sin
that cos( + ) – 4ab cos( – ) = 1 – 2a2 – 2b2. # 2 2 1 m
[Ex. 20] 2cos cos 1 m
2 2
Given that, sin( + )= a ...........(i)
and sin( + ) = b ...........(ii) sin sin 1 m sin( ) sin
cos cos 1 m and cos( ) cos
cos( ) 1 a 2 and cos( ) 1 b2
1 m
cos( – ) = cos{ + – ( + )} tan tan
1 m
= cos( + ) cos( + ) +
sin( + ) sin( + ) 1 m
tan cot
1 m
1 a2 1 b2 a b
Hence proved.
2 2 [16] Find the value of the expression
ab (1 a )(1 b )
3
ab 1 a2 b2 a 2b 2 3 sin 4 sin 4 (3 )
2
and cos( ) ab 1 a2 b2 a 2b 2
2 sin6 sin6 (5 ) .
= cos2( – ) – 4ab cos( – ) 2

= 2cos2( – ) – 1 – 4ab cos( – ) [Ex. 22]

= 2cos( – )[cos( – ) – 2ab] – 1 Given expression,
3
2 ab 1 a2 b2 a 2b 2 3 sin4 sin 4(3 )
2

ab 1 a 2 b 2 a 2b 2 2ab 1 2 sin6 sin6 (5 ).

2
= 3[cos4 + sin4( + )] – 2[cos6 + sin6( – )]
2 1 a 2 b 2 a 2b 2 2ab
= 3[cos4 + sin4
]– + 2[cos6 sin6 ]=3–2=1
[17] If a cos2 + b sin2 = c has and as its roots,
1 a 2 b 2 a 2b 2 ab 1
2b
then prove that tan tan . [Ex. 23]
= 2[1 – a2 – b2 + a2 b2 – a2 b2 ] – 1 a c
Given that, a cos2 + b sin2 = c
= 2 – 2a2 – 2b2 – 1
1 tan 2 2tan
= 1 – 2a2 – 2b2 a b c
2
1 tan 1 tan 2
[15] If cos( + ) = m cos( – ), then prove that
1 m 2tan 1 tan 2
tan cot . [Ex. 21] sin2 and cos2
1 m 1 tan 2 1 tan 2
Given that, cos( + ) = m cos( – ) a(1 – tan2 ) + 2b tan = c(1 + tan2 )
cos( ) m
a – a – tan2 + 2b tan = c + c tan2
cos( ) 1 (a + c)tan2 – 2b tan + c – a = 0
Since, this equation has tan and tan as its
Using componendo and dividendo rule,
roots.
cos( ) cos( ) 1 m ( 2b ) 2b
cos( ) cos( ) 1 m tan + tan
a c a c
# UID : P1-C3-S6-Q14
 3. Trigonometric Functions 115
[18] If x = sec – tan and y = cosec + cot 6 2 2 2 2 6
then show that xy + x – y + 1 = 0. # [Ex. 24] cos sin
2 2 2 2
Given that, x = sec – tan .......(i)
and y = cosec + cot .......(ii) 6 2 2 8 2 2 6 15
Now 1 xy = (sec – tan )(cosec + cot ) 2 2 17 2 2 17
xy = sec cosec – cosec tan + 1
sec cot – tan cot 8 6 16 8 2 30 15 2 15 6
17(2 2 )
1 1
xy sec cos ec 1 1
cos sin 23 6 23 2 46
17(2 2)
1 + xy = sec cosec – sec + cosec .....(iii)
From Eqs. (i) and (ii), we get 23 6 23 2 46
x – y = sec – tan – cosec – cot 17(2 2) 17(2 2) 17(2 2)
sin cos 23 3 23 23
x y sec cos ec
cos sin 17(2) 17(2) 17 2

sin 2 cos 2 23 3 1 1
x y sec cos ec
sin cos 17 2 2
1 [20] Find the value of
x y sec cos ec
sin cos 3 5 7
cos 4 cos 4 cos4 cos 4
x – y = sec – cosec – cosec sec 8 8 8 8
x – y = –(sec cosec – sec cosec ) [Ex. 26]
x – y = –(xy + 1) [from Eq. (iii)] Given expression,
xy + x – y + 1 = 0 Hence proved.
3 5 7
8 cos 4 cos 4 cos4 cos4
[19] If lies in the first quadrant and cos , 8 8 8 8
17
then find the value of 3 3
cos 4 cos 4 cos4 cos4
cos(30° + ) + cos(45° – ) + cos(120° – ). [Ex. 25] 8 8 8 8

8 64 3 3
Given that, cos3 sin 1 cos 4 cos 4 cos 4 cos 4
17 289 8 8 8 8
289 64 15 3
sin sin 2 cos4 cos4 2 cos4 cos4
289 17 8 8 8 2 8
15
sin [since, lies in first quadrant]
17 2 cos 4 sin 4
8 8
Now, cos(30° + ) + cos(45° – ) + cos(120° – )
2
= cos(30° + ) + cos(45° – ) + cos[90° + (30° – )]
2 cos 2 sin 2 2cos2 sin 2
= cos(30° + ) + cos(45° – ) – sin(30° – ) 8 8 8 8
= cos30° cos – sin30° sin + cos45° cos + ( a2 + b2 = (a + b)2 – 2ab)
sin45° sin – sin30° cos + cos30° sin 2
3 1 1 2 1 2cos2 sin 2 2 2sin cos
cos sin cos 8 8 8 8
2 2 2
2
1 1 3 2 2 1
sin cos sin 2 sin 2
2 2 2 8 2
3 1 1 1 1 3 1 3
cos sin 2
2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
# UID : P1-C3-S6-Q18
 116 Std.-11 : Maths Darpan – ‘Kumar’

Objective Type Questions

[21] If sin + cosec = 2, then sin2 + cosec2 is [24] Which of the following is not correct ? [Ex. 33]
equal to # [Ex. 30] 1
(A) sin (B) cos = 1
(A) 1 (B) 4 5
(C) 2 (D) None of these 1
(C) sec (D) tan = 20
Ans. (C) 2 2
1
Given that, sin + cosec = 2 Ans. (C) sec
2
sin2 + cosec2 + 2sin cosec = 4
We know that, the range of sec is R – (–1, 1)
sin2 + cosec2 =4 – 2
1
sin2 + cosec2 = 2 Hence, sec cannot be equal to .
2
[22] If f(x) = cos2x + sec2x, then [Ex. 31] [25] The value of tan 1° tan 2° tan 3°.....tan 89° is
[Same as AIEEE - 2002] [Ex. 34]
(A) f(x) < 1 (B) f(x) = 1 (A) 0 (B) 1
(C) 2 < f(x) < 1 (D) f(x) > 2 1
(C) (D) Not defined
Ans. (D) f(x) > 2 2
Ans. (B) 1
Given that, f(x) = cos2x + sec2x
Given expression, tan 1° tan 2° tan 3°.....tan 89°
We know that, AM > GM
= tan1° tan2°.....tan45° tan(90° – 44°)
cos2 x sec2 x
cos2 x sec 2 x tan(90° – 43°)......tan(90° – 1°)
2 = tan1° cot1° tan2° cot2°......tan89° cot89°
cos2x + sec2x > 2
= 1 1......1 1 = 1
f(x) > 2 [ cosx secx = 1]
1 tan 2 15
1 1 [26] The value of 2
is [Ex. 35]
[23] If tan and tan , then the value of 1 tan 15
2 3 [AIEEE - 2002]
+ is [Ex. 32]
3
(A) 1 (B) 3 (C) (D) 2
(A) (B) (C) 0 (D) 2
6 4 3
Ans. (C)
2
Ans. (D)
4 1 tan 2 15 cos2 15 sin 2 15
=
1 1 1 tan 2 15 cos2 15 sin 2 15
Given that, tan and tan
2 3 cos30
=
tan tan 1
Now, tan( )
1 tan tan 3
=
1 1 2
tan( ) 2 3 [27] The value of cos1° cos2° cos3°.....cos179° is
1 1 1
2 3 [Ex. 36]
3 2 1
6 5 (A) (B) 0 (C) 1 (D) –1
tan( ) 1 2
6 1 5
6 Ans. (B) 0
Given expression, cos1° cos2° cos3°.....cos179°
tan( ) tan
4 = cos1° cos2°....cos90°.....cos179°
[ cos90° = 0]
4 = 0
# UID : P1-C3-S6-Q21
 3. Trigonometric Functions 117
[28] If tan = 3 and lies in third quadrant, then m 1
the value of sin is # [Ex. 37] [31] If tan and tan then
m 1 2m 1
1 1 3 3 ( + ) is equal to [Ex. 40]
(A) (B) (C) (D)
10 10 10 10
3 (A) (B) (C) (D)
Ans. (C) 2 3 6 4
10
Given that, tan = 3 Ans. (D)
4
sec2 = 1 + tan2 m 1
Given that, tan and tan
sec 1 9 10 m 1 2m 1
sec 10 tan tan
Now, tan( )
1 1 tan tan
cos
10 m 1
m 1 2m 1
tan( )
1 9 3 m 1
sin 1 1
10 10 10 m 1 2m 1

[Since, lies in third quadrant] m(2m 1) m 1

tan( )
3 (m 1)(2m 1) m
sin
10
2m 2 m m 1
[29] The value of tan 75° – cot 75° is [Ex. 38] tan( )
2m 2 2m m 1 m
(A) 2 3 (B) 2 3 (C) 2 3 (D) 1
2m 2 2m 1
Ans. (A) 2 3 tan( ) tan( ) 1
2
2m 2m 1
Given expression = tan75° – cot75°
sin75 cos75
4
cos75 sin75
[32] The minimum value of 3cos x + 4sin x + 8 is
sin 2 75 cos2 75 [Ex. 41]
sin75 cos75
(A) 5 (B) 9 (C) 7 (D) 3
2cos150 Ans. (D) 3
sin150
Given expression, 3cosx + 4sinx + 8
2cos(90 60 )
Let, y = 3cosx + 4sinx + 8
sin(90 60 )
y – 8 = 3cosx + 4sinx
2sin60
cos60 Minimum value of y – 8 = 9 16
3 y – 8 = –5 y = –5 + 8
2 2 2 3 y = 3
1
2
Hence, the minimum value of
[30] Which of the following is correct ? [Ex. 39]
(A) sin1° > sin1 (B) sin1° < sin1 3 cosx + 4 sinx + 8 is 3.
[33] The value of tan3A – tan2A – tanA is [Ex. 42]
(C) sin1° = sin1 (D) sin 1 sin1
18 (A) tan3A tan2A tanA
Ans. (B) sin1° < sin1
(B) –tan3A tan2A tanA
We know that, if is increasing, then sin is
(C) tanA tan2A – tan2A tan3A – tan3A tanA
also increasing.
sin1° < sin1 [ 1 rad = 57°30'] (D) None of the above
# UID : P1-C3-S6-Q28
 118 Std.-11 : Maths Darpan – ‘Kumar’

Ans. (A) tan3A tan2A tanA [37] The value of cos12º + cos84° + cos150° + cos132°
Let 3A = A + 2A is [Ex. 46]
tan3A = tan(A + 2A) 1 1 1
(A) (B) 1 (C) (D)
tanA + tan2A 2 2 8
tan 3A = 1
1 tan A tan2A Ans. (C)
2
tanA + tan2A = tan3A – tan3A tan2A tanA
cos12º + cos84° + cos150° + cos132°
tan3A – tan2A – tanA = tan3A tan2A tanA
cos12º + cos150° + cos84° + cos132°
[34] The value of sin(45° + ) – cos(45° – ) is #
12 150 12 150
[Ex. 43] 2cos cos
2 2
(A) 2 cos (B) 2 sin
(C) 1 (D) 0 84 132 84 132
2cos cos
Ans. (D) 0 2 2
Given expression, sin(45° + ) – cos(45° – ) = 2cos84º cos72° + 2cos108° cos24°
= sin45° cos + cos45° sin – = 2cos84º cos(90° – 18°) + 2cos(90° + 18°) cos24°
cos45° cos – sin45° sin = 2cos84º sin18° – 2sin18° cos24°
= 2cos18º (cos84° – cos24°)
1 1 1 1
cos sin cos sin 84 24 84 24
2 2 2 2 2sin18 2sin sin
= 0 2 2
= –4sin18º sin54° sin30°
[35] The value of cot cot is 5 1 1
4 4 4 cos 36
[Ex. 44] 4 2
(A) –1 (B) 0 5 1 1 5 1 4 1
(C) 1 (D) Not defined 5 1
4 2 8 8 2
Ans. (C) 1
1 1
[38] If tan A = and tanB = , then tan(2A + B)
Given expression, cot cot 2 3
4 4 is equal to [Ex. 47]
cot 4 cot 1 cot 4 cot 1 (A) 1 (B) 2 (C) 3 (D) 4
Ans. (C) 3
cot 4 cot cot cot 4
1 1
Given that, tan A = and tan B
cot 1 cot 1 2 3
cot 1 cot 1 tan 2A + tanB
Now, tan(2A B)
1 tan 2A tanB
= 1
[36] cos2 cos2 + sin2( – ) – sin2( + ) is equal 2tan A 2 12 4
Also, tan 2A
to [Ex. 45] 1 tan A 2 1 1 3
4
(A) sin2( + ) (B) cos2( + )
4 1 4 1 5
(C) sin2( – ) (D) cos2( – ) 3 3 3 3 3
From Eq. (i) tan 2A B 3
1 4 1 9 4 5
Ans. (B) cos2( + ) 3 3 9
9
Given expression,
13
cos2 cos2 + sin2( – ) – sin2( + ) [39] The value of sin sin is [Ex. 48]
10 10
= cos2 cos2 + sin( – + +
1 1 1
sin( – – – (A) (B) (C) (D) 1
2 2 4
= cos2 cos2 – sin2 sin2
1
= cos(2 2 ) = cos2( + ) Ans. (C)
4
# UID : P1-C3-S6-Q34
 3. Trigonometric Functions 119
Given expression, tan tan
1
13 3 1 tan tan
sin sin sin sin
10 10 10 10
tan( ) tan 1
3 4 4
sin sin sin18 sin54
10 10 tan + tan = 1 – tan tan
= – sin18° cos36° From Eq. (i),
5 1 5 1 (1 + tan ) (1 + tan ) = 1 + 1 – tan tan
4 4 tan tan
5 1 1 = 2
16 4 4
[43] If sin and lies in third quadrant, then
[40] The value of sin 50° – sin 70° + sin 10° is # 5
[Ex. 49]
the value of cos is [Ex. 52]
1 2
(A) 1 (B) 0 (C) (D) 2
2 1 1 1 1
Ans. (B) 0 (A) (B) (C) (D)
5 10 5 10
Given expression, sin 50° – sin 70° + sin 10° 1
Ans. (C)
50 70 50 70 5
2cos sin sin10
2 2 4
= –2 cos60° sin10° + sin10° Given that, sin
5
1 16 25 16 3
2
sin 10 sin 10 0 cos 1
2 25 25 5
[41] If sin + cos = 1, then the value of sin(2 ) is
3
[Ex. 50] cos (Since, lies in third quadrant)
5
1
(A) 1 (B) (C) 0 (D) –1 3
2 2cos2 1
Ans. (C) 0 2 5
Given that, sin + cos = 1 3
2cos2 1
On squaring both sides, we get 2 5
sin2 + cos2 + 2sin 2
cos = 1 2cos2
1 + sin 2 = 1 2 5
sin 2 = 0 1
cos
2 5
[42] If , then the value of
4 1
cos (Since, lies in third quadrant)
(1 + tan ) (1 + tan ) is [Ex. 51] 2 5
(A) 1 (B) 2 [44] The value of
(C) –2 (D) Not defined
2 5
Ans. (B) 2 sin sin sin sin is
18 9 9 18

Given that, [Ex. 54]

4
7 4
Now, (1 + tan )(1 + tan ) = (A) sin sin (B) 1
18 9
1 + tan + tan + tan tan .......(i)
3
tan tan (C) cos cos (D) cos sin
We know that, tan( ) 6 7 9 9
1 tan tan
# UID : P1-C3-S6-Q40
 120 Std.-11 : Maths Darpan – ‘Kumar’

7 4 30 60 16 46
Ans. (A) sin sin 20 20
18 9
23
2 5 10
sin sin sin sin
18 9 9 18 [46] The value of cos2 48° – sin2 12° is [Ex. 56]
= sin(10°) + sin(20°) + sin(40°) + sin(50°)
5 1 5 1 5 1 5 1
= sin50° + sin10° + sin40° + sin20° (A) (B) (C) (D)
8 8 5 2 2
= sin130° + sin10° + sin140° + sin20°
5 1
= 2sin70° cos60° + 2sin80° cos60° Ans. (A)
8
x y x y
sin x sin y 2sin cos Given expression, cos2 48° – sin2 12°
2 2
cos(48° + 12°) – cos(48° – 12°)
1 1 1 ( cos2 – sin2 = cos( + ) – cos( – ))
2 sin 70 2 sin 80 cos60
2 2 2
= cos 60° cos 36°
7 4
sin70 sin80 sin sin 1 5 1
18 9
[45] If A lies in the second quadrant and 2 4
3tan A + 4 = 0, then the value of 5 1
2cot A – 5cos A + sin A is # [Ex. 55] 8
53 23 37 7 1 1
(A) (B) (C) (D) [47] If tan and tan , then cos 2 is
10 10 10 10 7 3
equal to [Ex. 57]
23
Ans. (B) (A) sin 2 (B) sin 4 (C) sin 3 (D) cos 2
10
Given equation, 3tanA + 4 = 0 Ans. (B) sin 4
3tanA = –4 1 1
Given that, tan and tan
4 7 3
tan A =
3 1 48
1 tan 2 1 49 49
Now, cos2
3 1 tan 2 1 1 50
cot A = 49 49
4
48 24
16 25 5 50 25
sec A = 1
9 9 3
24
cos 2 ..........(i)
5 25
sec A = [Since, A lies in second quadrant]
3
2tan (2 )
3 We know that, sin(4 ) ..........(ii)
cos A = 1 tan 2 2
5
2 1
2tan 3
9 25 9 4 and tan(2 )
and sin A = 1 1 tan 2 1 1
9
25 25 5
2
4 3 2 9 3
sin A = [Since, A lies in second quadrant]
5 8 3 8 4
9
3 3 4 From Eq. (ii),
2cot A 5cos A sin A 2 5
4 5 5
2 3 6
4 4 6 16
6 4 sin 4
3 1 9 25 4 25
4 5 16 16
# UID : P1-C3-S6-Q45
 3. Trigonometric Functions 121

24 b
sin 4 [b 2 a2 2a 2 ]
25 2 2
a b
sin 4 = cos 2 [From Eq. (i)]
(a 2 b 2 )b
cos 2 = sin 4 b
(a 2 b2 )
a
[48] If tan , then b cos 2 + a sin 2 is equal
b 1
to # [Ex. 58] [49] If for real values of x, cos x , then
x
(A) a (B) b [Ex. 59]
a (A) is an acute angle
(C) (D) None of these
b (B) is right angle
Ans. (B) b (C) is an obtuse angle
a (D) No valus of is possible
Given that, tan
b Ans. (D) No valus of is possible
1 tan 2 2tan 1
b cos2 a sin2 b a Here, cos x
x
1 tan 2 1 tan 2
x2 1
cos
1 a2 2a x
b b2 a
b x2 – x cos + 1 = 0
a2 a2
1 1 For real value of x, (–cos )2 – 4 × 1 × 1 = 0
b2 b2
cos2 = 4
b2 a2 2a 2b cos = ± 2,
b
2 2 2 2
b a a b which is not possible. [ –1 < cos < 1]

Fillers
sin50 1 1 1
[50] The value of is ........... [Ex. 60] sin10 sin10 cos20
sin130 2 2 2
sin 50 sin(180 130 ) 1 1
Here, sin10 [sin 30 sin10 ]
sin130 sin130 4 4
sin130 1
1
sin130 8
5 7 1 cos
[51] If k sin sin sin , then the [52] If tan A = , then tan2A = ........ [Ex. 62]
18 18 18 sinB
numerical value of k is .......... [Ex. 61] 1 cosB
Given that, tan A =
5 7 sinB
Here, k sin sin sin
18 18 18 1 1 2sin 2 B2 B
= tan
= sin10° sin50° sin70° 2sin B
2
cos B2 2
= sin10° cos40° cos20° 2tanA
Now, tan 2A =
1 1 tan 2 A
sin10 [2cos 40 cos20 ]
2
2 tan B2
1 tan 2A =
sin10 [cos60 cos 20 ] 1 tan 2 B2
2
[ 2cosx cosy = cos(x + y) + cos(x – y)] tan2A = tanB
# UID : P1-C3-S6-Q48
 122 Std.-11 : Maths Darpan – ‘Kumar’

[53] If sin x + cos x = a, then 2

= [ sin2x = 2sinx cosx]
(i) sin6 x + cos6 x = .......... sin 2A
2
(ii) |sin x – cos x| = .......... # [Ex. 63] So, the required equation is x 2 x 1
sin A
Given that, sin x + cos x = a
[55] 3(sin x – cos x)4 + 6(sin x + cos x)2 + 4(sin6 x +
On squaring both sides, we get
cos6 x) = .......... [Ex. 65]
(sin x + cos x)2 = (a)2
2
sin2x + cos2x + 2sin x cos x = a2 First term 3(sin x cos x )2
1 2 = 3(sin2x + cos2x – 2sinx cosx)2
sin x cos x (a 1)
2
= 3(1 – sin 2x)2 ( sin2 = 2sin cos )
(i) sin6 x + cos6 x
= (sin2x)3 + (cos2x)3 = 3(1 – 2sin 2x + sin2 2x)
= (sin2x + cos2x)3 – = 3 – 6 sin 2x + 3 sin2 2x ........(i)
3sin2x cos2x(sin2x + cos2x) Second term = 6(sin x + cos x)2
= 1 – 3 sin2x cos2x = 6(sin2x + cos2x + 2sinx cosx)
(a 2 1)2 = 6(1 + sin 2x)
1 3
4 = 6 + 6 sin 2x ........(ii)
1 Third term = 4(sin6x + cos6x)
[4 3(a 2 1)2 ]
4
4 (sin 2 x cos2 x )3
2
(ii) | sin x cos x | (sin x cos x )
3sin 2 x cos 2 x(sin 2 x cos 2 x )
sin 2 x cos2 x 2sin x cos x
= 4(1 – 3 sin2x cos2x)
1 = 4 – 3 (4sin2x cos2x)
1 2 (a 2 1) 1 a2 1 2 a2
2 = 4 – 3 sin2 2x ........(iii)
[54] In right angled ABC with m C = 90° the
3(sinx – cosx)4 + 6(sinx + cosx)2
equation whose roots are tanA and tanB
is ....... [Ex. 64] + 4(sin6x + cos6x)
In right angled ABC, m C = 90°. = 3 – 6 sin2x + 3sin2 2x + 6 + 6 sin 2x
tan A + tanB + 4 – 3sin22x
tan(A B)
1 tan A tanB ( (i), (ii) and (iii))
1 tan A + tanB = 3 + 6 + 4 = 13
0 1 tan A tanB
[56] Given x > 0, the value of f(x) =
tanA tanB = 1
sin A sinB 3cos 3 x x 2 lie in the interval .........
tan A tan B =
cosA cosB
[Ex. 66]
sin A sin(90° A)
=
cosA cos(90° A) Given function, f ( x ) 3cos 3 x x2
[ m C = 90°, m B = 90° – A]
We know that, –1 < cos 3 x x2 < 1
sin A cos A A
=
cosA sinA –3 < 3 cos 3 x x2 < 3

sin 2 A + cos2 A 3 > –3cos 3 x x 2 > –3

=
sin A cosA
B C –3 < – 3 cos 3 x x2 < 3
1 2
= So, the value of f(x) lies in [–3, 3].
sin A cosA 2 sin A cosA
# UID : P1-C3-S6-Q53
 3. Trigonometric Functions 123
[57] The maximum distance of a point on the graph Graph of y = 2sinx
of the function y 3 sin x cos x from
2
X-axis is .......... # [Ex. 67]
1 2
Given that y 3 sin x cos x
0 2
3 1
y 2 sin x cos x –1
2 2
–2

2 sin x cos cos x sin

6 6
Hence, the maximum distance is 2 units.
2sin x
6

True / False
In each of the questions 58 to 63, state 2 4 8 16 1
whether the statements is True or False ? Also, [61] cos cos cos cos . [Ex. 71]
15 15 15 15 16
give justification. True
1 cosB
[58] If tan A = , then tan2A = tanB. [Ex. 68] 2 4 8 16
sinB LHS = cos cos cos cos
15 15 15 15
True
= cos24° cos48° cos96° cos192°
Given that,
1
1 cosB 1 1 2sin 2 B
2 B = [(2sin24° cos24°)
tan A = tan 16sin 24
sin B 2sin B2 cos B2 2
(2cos48°)(2cos96°)(2cos192°)]
2 tan B2 1
2tan A =
Now, tan 2A = tanB 16sin 24
1 sin 2 A 1 tan 2 B2 [2sin48° cos48°(2cos96°)(2cos192°)]
[59] The equality sinA + sin2A + sin3A = 3 holds for 1
= [(2sin96° cos96°)(2cos192°)]
some real value of A. [Ex. 69] 16sin 24
False 1
= [2sin192° cos192°]
Given that, sinA + sin2A + sin3A = 3 16sin 24
It is possible only if sinA, sin2A, sin3A each has 1 sin(360 24 )
a value 1 because maximum value of sinA for a = sin384
16sin 24 16sin 24
certain angle is 1. Which is not possible because
1
angle are different. = RHS
16
[60] sin10° is greater than cos10°. [Ex. 70]
[62] One value of which satisfies the equation
False
sin4 – 2sin2 – 1 lies between 0 and 2 [Ex. 72]
sin10° = sin(90° – 80°)
False
sin10° = cos80°
Given equation, sin4 – 2sin2 – 1 = 0
Now, in first quadrant cos is an increasing
Here, sin2 = x
function.
x2 – 2x – 1 = 0
80° > 10°
Here, a = 1, b = –2 and c = –1
cos80° < cos10°
D = b2 – 4ac = 4 – 4(1) (–1)
sin10° < cos10°
= 4 + 4 = 8
# UID : P1-C3-S6-Q57
 124 Std.-11 : Maths Darpan – ‘Kumar’

D = 8 =2 2 (i) sin(x + y) sin(x – y) = sin2x – sin2y

b D 2 2 2 (ii) cos(x + y) cos(x – y) = cos2x – sin2y

x 1 2
2a 2
cot 4 cot 1
x 1 2 and 1 2 (iii) cot 4 cot 4 cot
sin 2 1 2 and sin 2 1 2,
which is not possible.
1 cot 1 tan
[63] In the following match each item given under 1 cot 1 tan
the Column-I to its correct answer given under
the Column-II. # [Ex. 76]
tan 4 tan 1 tan
Column-I Column-II (iv) tan
4 1 tan 4 tan 1 tan
(i) sin(x + y) sin(x – y) (a) cos2x – sin2y
1 tan Hence, the correct matches are,
(ii) cos(x + y) cos(x – y) (b) 1 tan (i) (d), (ii) (a), (iii) (b), (iv) (c)
1 tan
(iii) cot (c) 1 tan
4

(iv) tan (d) sin2x – sin2y

4

S7 Questions Based on CASE STUDY

CASE - 1 Answers :
The angle of elevation of an airplane from a 1) From the figure, in right AMC
point A on the ground is . After a flight of 15 CM
tan =
seconds, the angle of elevation is . The AM
airplane is flying at a constant height of 1500 3
tan =
1500 3 m. If airplane coven 3000 m in 15 4500
seconds and if AL = 1500 m then answer the 1
tan =
following questions. 3

B 3000 C =
6
1
sin = sin =
1500 3 6 2
2) In right ALB.

A 3000 M BL 1500 3
1500 L tan = 3
AL 1500
1) sin = .......... . [1]
=
2) sin = .......... . [1] 3
3) cos( – ) = .......... . [2] 3
sin = sin
3 2
OR
3) = ,
3) sin( – ) = .......... . [2] 3 6
# UID : P1-C3-S6-Q63
 3. Trigonometric Functions 125

3 x x
cos( – ) = cos – cos cos < 0, sin > 0 ....(1)
3 6 6 2 2 2
OR x 1 – cos x
sin2 =
1 2 2
sin( – ) = sin – sin 4
3 6 6 2 1+
= 5
CASE - 2 2
3 9
If tanx = where x lies in 3rd quadrant. Then =
4 10
answer the following questions from above
x 3
information. # sin ( (1))
2 10
1) sin 2x = .......... . [1]
4
2) cos 2x = .......... . [1] x 1 cos x
1–
1
and cos2 5
x 2 2 2 10
3) sin = .......... . [2]
2 x –1
OR cos = ( (1))
2 10
x
3) cos = .......... . CASE - 3
2
Answers : Class teacher writes two following relations on
3 the board.
Here, tanx = x lies in 3rd quadrant.
4 sinx – siny = p
sinx < 0, cosx < 0 cosx – cosy = q
Based on above information, he asks students to
answer following questions.
5
3 x+ y
1) tan = ......... . [1]
2
x 2) cos(x + y) = ......... . [1]
4
3) sin(x + y) = ......... . [1]
–3 –4
sinx = and cosx = Answers :
5 5
1) sin2x = 2sinx cosx Here, sinx – siny = p
–3 –4 24 y x x – y
= 2 2cos sin = p ....(1)
5 5 25 2 2
2) cos2x = cos x – sin2x
2 and cosx – cosy = q

16 9 x x – yy
= – – 2sin sin = q ....(2)
25 25 2 2
7 taking ratio of (1) and (2)
=
25 x y p
–cot
3) x lies in 3rd quadrant. 2 q
3 x y q
< x < 1) tan –
2 2 p
x 3 1 – tan 2
2) Now, cos2 =
2 2 4 1 tan 2
x x y
lies in 2nd quadrant. taking =
2 2
# UID : P1-C3-S7-Q2
 126 Std.-11 : Maths Darpan – ‘Kumar’

x y (1 + tanA) (1 + tanB) = 2
1 – tan 2
2
cos(x + y) = x y 2) A + B =
1 tan 2 4
2
cot(A + B) = cot
q2 4
1– 2 cot A cot B 1
p 1
cot B cot A
= q2
1 cotA cotB – 1 = cotB + cotA
p2
cotA cotB – cotB + cotA = 1
p2 – q2 cotA cotB – cotB – cotA + 1 = 1 + 1
=
p2 q2 cotB (cotA–1) –1 (cotA – 1) = 2
2tan (cotB – 1) (cotA – 1) = 2
3) And sin2 = 3) sin(A + B) – cos(A + B) + tan(A + B)
1 tan 2

x y = sin –cos + tan

taking = 4 4 4
2 1 1
1=1
x y 2 2
2tan
2 CASE - 5
sin(x + y) = 2 x y
1 tan A submarine is moving in such a way that at
2 particular time the angle of elevations of two
2q ships on the surface of water are and ,
–
p
= where cosec = 3 , sec = 2, 0 < < then
q2 2
1
p2 1) sec = ........ [1]
– 2pq 2) = ........ [2]
= 3) tan = ........ [1]
p2 q2
CASE - 4 Answers :

In an exam of class 11 teacher asks students to 1) Here, cosec = 3

1
take A + B = Where A, B are acute angles sin =
4 3
then, answer the following questions. # 1 2
cos2 = 1 – sin2 = 1
1) Find (1 + tanA) (1 + tanB) [1] 3 3
2) Find (cotA – 1) (cotB – 1) [1] 2
cos =
3) Find sin(A + B) – cos(A + B) + tan(A + B) [1] 3
2) sec = 2
Answers :
sec = sec
1) Here A + B = 3
4

tan(A + B) = tan 3
4
1
tan A tanB 3) sin =
1 3
1 tan A tanB
2
tanA + tanB = 1 – tanA.tanB cos =
3
tanA + tanB + tanA.tanB = 1
sin 1
1 + tanA + tanB + tanA.tanB = 2 tan =
cos 2
1(1 + tanA) + tanB(1 + tanA) = 2
# UID : P1-C3-S7-Q4
 3. Trigonometric Functions 127

S8 Questions Based on Question Bank - with Calculation

SECTION - A tan 50 tan 5

4) .......... [2024, 2025]
1 tan 50 tan 5
Answer the following questions. (Each question
carries 1 mark) 1
(A) tan 55°(B) 3 (C) 1 (D)
3
1) sin50° cos40° + cos50° sin40° = ......... . # [2024]
Ans. (C) 1
(A) 1 (B) 0 (C) –1 (D) sin 10°
tan (50 ) tan (5 )
Ans. (A) 1 1 tan (50 ) tan (5 )
sin (50°) cos (40°) + cos (50°) sin (40°) = tan (50° – 5°) ( According to tan ( – ))
= sin (50° + 40°) = tan (45°)
= 1
( sin ( + ) = sin cos + cos sin )
5) 2 sin 15° cos 15° = .......... [2024]
= sin (90°)
3 1 1
= 1 (A) (B) (C) (D) 1
2 2 2
2) 3 cos10° – 4 cos3 10° = .......... [2024]
1
Ans. (B)
3 3 1 1 2
(A) (B) (C) (D) 2 sin (15°) cos (15°) = sin (2(15°))
2 2 2 2
= sin(30°)
3
Ans. (B) 1
2
2
3 cos(10°) – 4 cos3 (10) 6) 2 2
If cos 2x – cos 6x = sin kx sin mx then find
= – [4 cos3 (10°) – 3 cos (10°)] k and m. [2024]
= – cos (3 (10°)) ( cos3 = 4 cos3 3 cos ) Here cos2 (2x) – cos2 (6x)

= – cos (30°) = (1– sin2 (2x) – (1 – sin2 (6x))

= sin2 (6x) – sin2 (2x)
3 = sin (6x + 2x) sin (6x – 2x)
2 = sin (8x) sin (4x)
3) cos2 sin 2 .......... . [2024] Comparing with sin kx sin mx we get
8 8 k = 8 and m = 4
1 1 3 7) Find degree measurment corresponding to the
(A) (B) (C) (D) 1
2 2 2 2
1 radian measure [2025]
5
Ans. (A)
2
2 180 2
= 72°
cos2 – sin2 5 5
8 8
8) sin75° cos15° + cos75° sin15° = ........ .[2025]
= cos 2 ( cos2 – sin2 = cos2 ) (A) 1 (B) 0 (C) –1 (D) sin10°
8
Ans. (A) 1
= cos sin75°cos15° + cos75° sin15°
4
1 = sin(75° + 15°)
2 = sin 90° = 1
# UID : P1-C3-S8-Q1
 128 Std.-11 : Maths Darpan – ‘Kumar’

9) 6 cos10 – 8 cos310 = .......... . # 1 – tan 2 x 2tan x

cos2x = 2 tanx = 1 – tan 2
(A) 3 (B) – 3 (C) 1 (D) –1 1 tan x x
2
3 3
Ans. (B) – 3 1– 2
= 4 = 4
2 2
6cos10 – 8cos310 3 3
1 1–
= –2[4cos310 – 3cos10°] 4 4
= –2 cos3(10°) 9 6
1–
16 4
3 = 9 = 9
= –2 cos30° = –2 = – 3 1 1–
2 16 16
10) cos4 – sin 4 = .......... . [2025] 6
12 12 4
7
1 1 3 = = 7
(A) (B) (C) (D) 1 25
2 2 2 16
3 6 16
Ans. (C) =
2 4 7
24
cos4 – sin4 12 =
12 7
13) Express sin2x, cos2x tan2x tan2x in terms of
= cos2 – sin2 cos2 sin2 tanx [2025]
12 12 12 12
Expression in the form of tanx is as follow.
= cos2 (1)
12 2 tan x
3 sin (2x) =
= cos 1 tan 2 x
6 2
1 tan 2 x
cos (2x) =
1° 1° 1 tan 2 x
11) 2sin7 cos7 cos15° = .......... . [2025]
2 2
2 tan x
1 tan (2x) =
3 1 1 1 tan 2 x
(A) (B) (C) (D)
2 2 2 4
SECTION - C
1
Ans. (D) Answer the following questions.
4
(Each carries 3 Marks)
1° 1°
2sin7 cos7 cos15° 5 5
2 2 14) Prove that : 2 2 2cos = 2sin
2 3 12
= sin15° cos15° [2024, 2025]
2
1 1 1 1 5
= sin30° = L.H.S. = 2 + 2 + 2cos
2 2 2 4 3

SECTION - B 1
= 2+ 2+2
Answer of the following questions 2
(Each carries 2 Marks) 5 1
cos = cos 2 – = cos =
3 3 3 3 2
12) If tanx = then find value of cos2x and tan2x.
4 = 2 3
[2024, 2025]
3 2
Here tanx = = 2 3
4 2
# UID : P1-C3-S8-Q9
 3. Trigonometric Functions 129

1 sin x sin3 x
= 4 2 3 16) Prove that 2
2sin x [2024]
2 sin x cos2 x

1 2 sin x sin(3x )
= 3 1 L.H.S. = 2
2 sin x cos2 x
1
= 3 1 sin(3x ) sin x
2
2
5 cos x sin 2 x
Now R.H.S. = 2sin
12 3x x 3x x
2 cos sin
= 2 sin75° 2 2
= 2 sin(45° + 30°) cos(2 x )

= 2 (sin45° cos30 + cos45°sin30°) 4x 2x

2 cos sin
2 2
1 3 1 1 cos(2x )
= 2
2 2 2 2 2 cos (2 x ) sin x
cos (2 x )
3 1
= 2 = 2 sinx
2 2
3 1 = R.H.S.
=
2 SECTION - D
Hence proved that L.H.S. = R.H.S. Write the Answer of the following questions
3 (Each carries 5 Marks)
15) If tan , , then find the value of
4 2 17) Prove that cotx cot2x – cot2x cot3x – cot3x
sin ( ) tan ( ) tan (4 ) cotx = 1 and using this also prove that
3 5
#
sin cos cot18° cot36° – cot36° cot54° – cot54° cot18° = 1
2 2
[2024, 2025]
[2024, 2025]
cot (3x) = cot (2x + x)
sin ( ) tan ( ) tan (4 )
Here, cot (2 x ) . cot x 1
3 5 cot (3x )
sin cos
2 2 cot (2x ) cot x

sin ( tan ) tan cot (3x) cot (2x) + cotx (cot (3x) = cot (2x)
cos sin cotx – 1
cot(x) cot(2x) – cot(2x) cot(3x) – cot(3x)
sin . cotx = 1
sin cos
Now take x = 18°
Dividing with cos cot(18°) cot(36°) – cot(36°) cot(54°) – cot(54)
tan cot(18°) = 1
tan 1 Which is required answer.
3 18) If x and y are in the second quadrant and
4 3 –12
3 sinx = and cosy = then find sin(x – y).
1 5 13
4 [2025]
3 Here sin(x – y) = sinx cosy – cosx siny ....(1)
4 3
3 4 9 16
Now, cos2x = 1 – sin2x = 1 – =
4 25 25
# UID : P1-C3-S8-Q15
 130 Std.-11 : Maths Darpan – ‘Kumar’

4 5
cosx = Having y in 2nd quadrant, siny =
5 13
–4 Now putting the value of sinx, cosx, siny, cosy in
Having x in 2nd quadrant, cosx =
5 equation ....(1)
144 25 3 –12 –4 5
Here, sin2y = 1 – cos2y = 1 – = sin(x – y) = –
169 169 5 13 5 13
–36 20 –16
5 = =
siny = 65 65 65
13

Objective Questions as per Paper Scheme

Fill in the Blanks S9
37.4
r=
Fill in the blanks in following so that following
statement becomes true. 3
1) Radian value of 47° 30' is ........... . # 3 37.4 7
=
47° 30' 22
= 21 1.7
Now, 1° = 60'
= 35.7 cm
1
30' = Radius of arc is r = 35.7 cm
2
1 4) Angle made by the arc of length 55 cm at
47° 30' = 47
2 center is ......... if length of radius is 25 cm.
95
Here, radius r = 25,
2
95 length of arc = 55
Radian value =
180 2
Now, l = r
(19)
= 36 2 l
= Radian
19 r
= 55
72 = Radian
2) 2 Radian = ........... Degree. 25
55 180
1 Radian = 57° 16' 22'' (Remember) = Degree
25
2 Radian = 2 × (57° 16' 22'') 11 180
= 7 Degree
2 Radian = 114° 32' 44'' 5 22

3) Arc at the circle with length 37.4 cm subtends = 18 7 = 126 Degree

an angle of 60° at centre. Then its radius r = 5) ......... is the length of the arc of the circle with
.......... . radius 28 cm and angle made by two radii at
Here, length of arc l = 37.4 centre is 45°.

And angle = 60° = 37.4 Here, r = 28 cm and = 45°

3
60
l i.e. = 45° = Radian
Now, l = r r = 180 4
Now l = length of arc
# UID : P1-C3-S9-Q1
 3. Trigonometric Functions 131
= r l = length of arc = 21 cm
l 21 7
= 28 Now l = r Radian
=
4 r 75 25
= 7 Angle made by pendulum during swing at
22 7
= 7 centre Radian
7 25
= 22 cm 10) Graph of sine function repeats its value in
3 ........ interval length.
6) Arc of length 15 substends an angle at
4 Principle period of sine function is 2 . So the
centre then radius r = .......... cm. # graph repeats its value after the length at 2 .
Here, l = r
11) 2sin2 + 2cos2 + sec2 has value =
4 4 3
15 = r 3 .........
4
15 4 2
= r 2 sin cos2 + sec2
3 4 4 3
Radius (r) = 20 cm = 2(1) + (2)2 ( sin2 + cos2 = 1)
7) Measure of an angle of the regular polygon = 2+ 4
having ten sides is .......... radian. = 6
Note : Measure of an angle of the polygon having
2n 4 12) cos cos + sin sin = .........
3 4 3 4
n sides = 90 Degree
n
2 10 4 Take = and = in formula of cos( – ) =
3 4
Required angle = 90 Degree cos cos + sin sin
10
8
= 90 Degree cos( – ) = cos
5 3 4
= 144 Degree
4 3
= cos
= 144 Radian 12
180
4
=
Radian = cos
5 12
8) Length of the arc of circle with radius 5 cm
3 1
and angle at centre is 15° .......... cm. = (Fundamental value)
2 2
Here, r = 5, = 15°
65
13) cos = ...........
= 15° 4
180
65 64
= Radian cos = cos
12 4 4
l = length of arc
5 = cos 16
= r = cm 4
12
9) ......... is the measure of an angle in radian
through which the pendulum swings if its length = cos
4
is 75 cm and makes an arc of length 21 cm. 1
r = length of pendulum = 75 cm =
2
# UID : P1-C3-S9-Q6
 132 Std.-11 : Maths Darpan – ‘Kumar’

14) If cotx = – 5 and x is in second quadrant then 2(3x – 4x3) = 3

sin x = ......... . # 3
3x – 4x3 =
2
cot x = – 5
Now, take x = sin , ( L.H.S. is in the form
cot2x = 5
3
1 + cot2x = 1 + 5 (Add 1 on both sides) 3sin – 4sin3 = of sin 3 )
2
2
cosec x = 6 sin(3 ) = sin 60°
1 3 = 60°
sin2x = (take reciprocal)
6 = 20°
1
sin x = ( sinx is positive in second x = sin(20°) is one root of the given equation
6
quadrent) sin 3
19) 1 2cos 2 = ........
5
15) 2sin sin = ............
12 12 sin 3
5
2sin sin ( C – C = –2SS) 1 2cos 2
12 12
5 5 3sin 4sin 3
= cos – cos =
12 12 12 12 1 2 (1 2 sin 2 )
4 6 sin (3 4sin 2
)
= cos – cos
12 12 =
3 4 sin 2
= cos – cos = sin
3 2
20) cos(47°) cos(13°) – sin(47°) sin(13°) = ........ .
1
= – 0 cos(47°) cos(13°) – sin(47°) sin(13°)
2
1 = cos(47° + 13°) ( Using formula of cos( + ))
=
2 = cos (60°)
16) If A + B + C = then
1
secA(cosB cosC – sinB sinC) = ......... . =
2
secA(cosB cosC – sinB sinC)
7 7
= secA cos(B + C) (A + B + C = ) 21) sin cos – cos sin = ........ .
12 4 12 4
= secA cos( – A)
7 7
= secA (–cosA) sin cos – cos sin
12 4 12 4
= –1
7
= sin ( Using formula of sin( + ))
17) 3sin – 4sin3 = ......... . 12 4
9 9
7 3
= sin
12
3sin – 4sin3
9 9 4
= sin
3 12
= sin ( sin(3 ) = 3sin – 4 sin3 )
9
= sin
3
= sin (Take = )
3 9 3
3 =
2
2 22) Sum of the measure of an angle of cyclic
18) One root of the equation 6x – 8x3 = 3 is ...... . quadrilateral ABCD is .......... radian.
6x – 8x3 = 3 radian
# UID : P1-C3-S9-Q14
 3. Trigonometric Functions 133
23) In ABC if m C = 90° than tanA + tanB 5) If y = cos2 + sec2 then y = 2.
= ........... # False Statement
a b B
tanA + tan B = From fundamental theorem of arithmetic we
b a have A G
Opposite side a c a b
tan Means a b
Adjacent side 2
a2 b2 Now, take a = cos2 , b = sec2
C A
= b
ab cos2 sec2
cos2 sec2
c 2 2
= ( Using Phythagorus property) cos2 sec2
ab 1
2
True/False Statement S10
cos2 + sec2 2
State with reason whether following statement y 2
are true or false : Given statement is false.
1) Value of the rotation of point P on unit circle 1
6) cosec =
increase in multiple of 2 then value of sine 2
and cosine does not change. False Statement
1
True Statement cosec =
2
Principle period of sine and cosine is 2 . sin = 2
Increase in multiple at 2 value does not change. But sin [–1, 1]
2) If tan = 3 and is in third quadrant then 2 [–1, 1]
3 1
sin = . cosec = is not valid
10 2
Given statement is false.
False Statement
7) tan(20°) > tan(120°)
is in third quadrant True Statement
sin is negative 20° is in first quadrent
3 tan(20°) > 0
sin =
10 And 120° second quadrent
Given statement is false. tan(120°) < 0
3) sin4 + cos4 + 2sin2 cos2 has value 1. Positive > Negative number
True Statement tan(20°) > tan (120°)
Given statement is true.
{sin4 + cos4 } + 2sin2 cos2
= {(sin2 + cos2 )2 – 2sin2 cos2 } + 2sin2 cos2 8) If 0 < < and 5 tan = 4 then
2
= 1 – 2sin2 + cos2 + 2sin2 cos2 5 sin 3cos 5
= 1 sin 2cos 14
Given statement is true True Statement
4) Point of intersection of the graph of sine 4
Here, 5 tan = 4 tan = ....(i)
function with X-axis has value zero. 5
5 sin 3cos
True Statement Here
sin 2cos
Take y = sinx,
5tan – 3
On X-axis y cordinate is zero. = tan 2
sinx = 0 ( Divide each term of numerator and
Given statement is true. Denominator by cos )
# UID : P1-C3-S9-Q23
 134 Std.-11 : Maths Darpan – ‘Kumar’

4 4
5 3 cos = – ( is in second quadrent)
5 5
= 4
2 sin(2 ) = 2sin cos
5
5(4 3) 3 –4
= = 2
4 10 5 5
5 24
= –
14 25
Given statement is true. Given statement is false.
13 13) If tan = 2 – 1 then tan (2 ) = 1
9) If cosec + cot = then
5 True Statement
25
cot2 – cosec2 = # tan = 2 –1
12
False Statement
= tan
Using fundamental identity 1 + cot2 = cosec2 8
we get,
=
cot2 – cosec2 = –1 8
Given statement is false. 2
tan(2 ) = tan = tan = 1
10) cos(2 – x) cos(–x) – sin(2 + x) sin(–x) = 0 8 4
False Statement Given statement is true.
cos(2 – x) cos(–x) – sin(2 + x) sin(–x) 14) In circle arcs at equal length subtends angle of
= cosx cosx – sinx (– sinx) 3
60° and 75° then ratio of their radii = .
= cos2x + sin2x ( cos(–x) = cosx, 5
= 1 sin(–x) = –sinx) False Statement
Given statement is false. Bigger angle
Ratio of radii =
Smaller angle
11) 3 sin – 4 sin3 = 2 3
9 9 75
False Statement =
60
5
3 sin – 4 sin3 =
9 9 4
Ratio of the radii of two arcs with angle 75°
= sin ( Using formula of sin (3 ))
9 and 60° at angle is 5 : 4.

= sin Given statement is false.

3
2 3
3 15) If x + y = then equation cos x + cos y =
= 3 2
2
has empty solution set.
Given statement is false.
True Statement
3 –12
12) sin = , < < íkku sin2 = . 3
5 2 25 Here, cos x + cos y = ( C + C = 2CC)
2
False Statement x + y x – y 3
2cos cos =
3 2 2 2
sin =
5
2 x – y 3
9 25 – 9 16 2cos cos =
cos2 = 1 – sin2 = 1 – = = 2(3) 2 2
25 25 25
# UID : P1-C3-S10-Q9
 3. Trigonometric Functions 135
x – y 3 19) f(x) = 3 cosx + 4sinx + 8 has minimum value 19.
2cos cos =
3 2 2 False Statement
1 x – y 3 Take y = 3 cosx + 4 sinx + 8, ( y = f(x))
2 cos =
2 2 2
y – 8 = 3 cosx + 4 sinx
x – y 3
cos = y – 8 – 9 16, 9 16
2 2
Which is not possible because range of cosine [–5, 5]
function is [–1, 1]. –5 y – 8 5
Solution of given equation does not exists. –5 + 8 y – 8 + 8 5 + 8
Solution set is null set. 3 y 13
Given statement is true. 3 f(x) 13
16) If tan – tan2 = 1 then f(x) has minimum value 3.
tan4 – 2tan3 – tan2 + 2tan + 1 has value 4. # Given statement is false.
True Statement
Multiple Choice Question S11
Here, tan4 – 2tan3 – tan2 + 2tan + 1
= tan4 – 2tan3 + tan2 – 2tan2 + 2tan + 1 1) If tan = 3 and P( ) lies in the third quadrant,
= (tan2 – tan )2 – 2(tan2 – tan ) + 1 the value of sin is........
= (–1)2 – 2(–1) + 1 1 –1 –3 3
= 1 + 2 + 1 = 4 (A) (B) (C) (D)
10 10 10 10
Given statement is true. –3
17) Numbers of solution of equation Ans. (C)
10
cos4x – 2cos2x – 1 = 0 in interval [0, 2 ] are 3
only two. tan = 3 = 10
1
False Statement 3
P( ) lies in 3rd quadrant.
Here, cos4x – 2cos2x – 1 = 0
sin is negative.
cos4x – 2cos2x + 1 – 2 = 0 1
(1 – cos2x)2 = 2 3
sin =
sin4x = 2 is not possible. 10
Equation has no solution. 2) If f(x) = cos x + sec2x, then
2

Given statement is false. [Same as AIEEE - 2002]

1 1 (A) f(x) < 1 (B) f(x) = 1
18) If tan = and tan = then radian
2 3
(C) 0 < f(x) < 1 (D) f(x) 2
measure of + is . Ans. (D) f(x) 2
4
True Statement We know that A G
tan + tan a b
Here, tan( + ) = ab
1 – tan tan 2
1 + 1
2 3 3 2 5 Take a = cos2x and b = sec2x
= 1 =
1– 6
6 –1 5 2 2
cos x sec x
tan = 1 cos2 x sec 2 x
2
= tan
4
f (x)
1
+ = 2
4
Given statement is true. f(x) 2
# UID : P1-C3-S10-Q16
 136 Std.-11 : Maths Darpan – ‘Kumar’

3) The length of an arc of a circle of radius 6) The radius of the circle whose arc has length
28 cm that subtends an angle of measure 45° 15 cm and which subtends an angle having
at the centre is.... # 3
radian measure at the center is...
(A) 12 cm (B) 16 cm (C) 22 cm (D) 24 cm 4
Ans : (C) 22 cm (A) 10 cm (B) 20 cm
Here r = 28 cm 1 1
(C) 11 cm (D) 22 cm
4 2
= 45° = 45 = Ans. (B) 20 cm
180 4
l C
= 3
r l = 15 cm, = , r = ?
4
l = r l
=
22 r
= 28 = 7 = 7 = 22 cm l
4 7 15
r = =
4 = 20 cm
4) The angle between the minute hand and hour 3
hand of a clock at 8:30 has degree measure 7) If sec = m, tan = n,
...... 1 1
(A) 80° (B) 75° (C) 60° (D) 105° then (m n ) = .........
m m n
Ans. (B) 75° (A) 2 (B) mn (C) 2m (D) 2n
Degree measure of an angle between hour hand Ans. (A) 2
and minute hand during x hour and y minute is,
m + n = sec + tan ... ... ...(i)
60x 11y
1 1
2 =
m n sec tan
Take x = 8 and y = 30
sec2 tan 2
60(8) 11(3) =
Degree measure = sec tan
2
= sec – tan ... ... ...(ii)
480 330 Adding (i) and (ii), we have,
=
2 1
m+n+ = sec + tan + sec – tan
m n
150
= 1 1 1
2 (m n ) + = · 2 sec = 2
m m+n sec
Degree measure = 75°
5) A circular wire of radius 7 cm is cut and bent 3
8) If sec = 2,
< < 2 , then
again into an arc of a circle of radius 12 cm. 2
1 tan cosec
The angle subtended by the arc at the center is.....
1 cot – cosec
has degree measure ......
(A) 50° (B) 210° (C) 100° (D) 60° 1
(A) – 2 (B) –1 (C) (D) 0
Ans. (B) 210° 2
Here, r = 12 cm Ans. (B) –1
3
22 sec = 2, < < 2
l = 2 (7) = 2 7 = 44 cm 2
7
tan2 = sec2 –1 = 2–1 = 1
l 44 22
= = = 3
r 12 6 tan = –1 2
2
22 180 22 180 cot = –1,
= = 7 = 210°
6 6 22 cosec2 = 1 + cot2 = 1 + 1 = 2
# UID : P1-C3-S11-Q3
 3. Trigonometric Functions 137
3 5
cosec = – 2 2 Ans. (B)
2 12
C C
1 tan cosec 1 1 2
= Here, r = 5 cm, = 15° = 15 =
1 cot cosec 1 1 2 180 12
l
2 = l= r
= r
2
5
= –1 = 5 =
12 12
65 12) Minimum value of 2 sin2 + 3 cos2 is ...... .
9) Trigonometric point P is in .....
4 (A) 1 (B) 2 (C) 3 (D) 5
quadrant. #
Ans. (B) 2
(A) First (B) second (C) Third (D) Fourth
f( ) = 2 sin2 + 3 cos2
Ans : (A) First
f( ) = 2 sin2 + 2 cos2 + cos2
65
Here, = = 2 (sin2 + cos2 ) + cos2
4
64 + = 2 + cos2
=
4 Now, 0 cos2 1
0 + 2 2 + cos2 1 + 2
= 16 +
4 2 f( ) 3
65 Minimum value is 2
P = P 16 +
4 4 13) A train is running on a circular path with
Thus, the trigonometric function for k Z for radius 700 m with the speed of 14 km / hr.
2k + is positive and is found in the first quadrant. The angle subtended by the train at the centre
65 in a minute is ...... .
P is in first quadrant.
4 1° 1° 2° 1°
10) Measure of an interior angle of a regular (A) (B) (C) (D)
3 2 3 4
polygon having ten sides is ...... radian.
4 5 1°
(A) (B) (C) 5 (D) 4 Ans. (A)
5 4 3
4 Speed of the train = 14 km/hr.
Ans. (A) The distance covered by the train in 1 hour
5
Measure of each angle of a n-sided regular = 14 km
2n 4 = 14,000 m
polygon is 90°
n The distance covered by the train in 1 min
Measure of angle of a ten sided regular
polygon. 14000
= m
60
2 × 10 4
= 90° r = 700 m
10
14000
8 ° l = m, = ?
= 90 = 144° 60
5
l 14000 1
4
C = r = 60 700 = 3 radian.
Measure in radian = 144 =
180 5 14) Which of the following relations is correct ?
11) In a circle with radius 5 cm the length of an [October - 2015]
arc intercepting an angle of measure 15° at
(A) cos 1 < cos 1° (B) cos 1 > cos 1°
the centre of the circle is ...... .
12 5
(A) (B) (C) (D) (C) cos 1 = cos 1° (D) cos 1 = cos 1°
5 12 12 5 180
# UID : P1-C3-S11-Q9
 138 Std.-11 : Maths Darpan – ‘Kumar’

Ans. (A) cos 1 < cos 1°

17) The value of sin2 – cos2 is ...... .
1° lies in first quadrant 3 6
1
(A) 1 (B) –1 (C) 0 (D)
1° = 2
180 Ans. (C) 0

0 < < 1 <

180 2 sin2 – cos2
3 6
In first quadrant cos is a decreasing function. 2 2
3 3
cos > cos 1 = = 0
180 2 2
cos 1º > cos 1 1
cos 1 < cos 1º 18) 4tan2 – 5cosec2 – sin2 = ...... .
6 4 3 4
15) A circular wire of diameter 10 cm is cut and
53 53 4 4
placed along the circumference of a circle of (A) (B) (C) (D)
6 6 3 3
diameter 1 m. The angle subtended by the wire
at the centre of the circle has measure equal 53
Ans : (B)
to ...... . # 6
1
(A) (B) (C) (D) 4tan2 – 5cosec2 – sin2
4 3 5 10 6 4 3 4
2 2
Ans. (C) 1 2 1 1
5 = 4 5 2
3 3 2
Circular wire diameter = 10 cm
radius r = 5 cm 1 1
= 4 5 2
3 3 2
Length of wire = 2 r = 10
4 1
Diameter for larger circle = 1 m = – 10 –
3 6
radius for larger circle r = 50 cm
8 60 1 53
l 10 = =
Hence, required angle = 6 6
r 50 5
19) If the graph of f(x) = sin kx repeats after an
16) If P( ) lies in second quadrant and
5 interval of length , then value of k is ...... .
tan then cos = ...... [October - 2013] 3
12
(A) 2 (B) 3 (C) 6 (D) 1
13 12 5 12
(A) (B) (C) (D) Ans. (C) 6
5 13 19 13
Comparing with y = csinax
12
Ans. (B) c=1;a=k
13
2
5 The graph repeats after interval.
tan a
12
2 2
sec2 = 1 + tan2 = =
a 3 k 3
25 169 k = 2 × 3
= 1
144 144
k = 6
2 144
cos cos10 sin10
169 20) The value of is ........
cos10 sin10
12
cos ( P( ) is in second quadrant (A) tan(25°) (B) tan(35°)
13
hence cos is negative.) (C) tan(55°) (D) tan(80°)
# UID : P1-C3-S11-Q15
 3. Trigonometric Functions 139
Ans. (C) tan(55°) 23) sin(190°) + cos(190°) = ........
cos10 sin10 (A) is negative (B) is zero
cos10 sin10 (C) is positive (D) nonreal
sin10 Ans. (A) is negative
1 cos10 tan45 tan10
sin10 ( tan(45°) = 1) sin(190°) + cos(190°)
1 cos10
1 tan45 tan10
= sin(180° + 10°) + cos(270° – 80°)
= tan(45° + 10°) = –sin(10°) – sin(80°)
= tan(55°) = –{sin(10°) + sin(80°)}
21) If A = 125° and x = sinA° + cosA°, then ....... # But sin(10°) + sin(80°) is positive
[AIEEE - 2002] ( 1st quadrant)
(A) x < 0 (B) x = 0 (C) x > 0 (D) x 0 sin(190°) + cos(190°) is negative
Ans. (C) x > 0 1 1
24) In ABC, if tanA = , tanB = , then the
sinA° + cosA° = sin(125°) + cos(125°) 2 3
x = sin(180° – 55°) + cos(90° + 35°) measure of angle C is .........
= sin(55°) – sin(35°) 3 2
(A) (B) (C) (D)
4 3 4 3
Now 55° > 35°
3
sin(55°) > sin(35°) Ans. (C)
4
( sine increases in first quadrant) tan A tanB
sin(55°) – sin(35°) > 0 tan(A + B) = 1 tan A tan B
x> 0 1 1
2 3
n 1 1 1
22) If tan = and tan = , 1 2 3
n 1 2n 1
5
0 , = = 1
then + is ..... [AIEEE-2002] 5
4
A + B =
(A) 0 (B) (C) (D) 4
4 3 2
Now in ABC, A + B + C =
Ans. (B)
4 C = – A B
4 4
tan tan
tan( + ) = (Standard formula) 3
1 tan tan C =
4
n n
3 5
n 1 2n 1 25) cos2 + cos2 + cos2 = ......
12 12 12
n n
1 1 1 3
n 1 2n 1 (A) – (B) 0 (C) (D)
2 2 2
n(2n 1) (n 1) 3
= (n 1)(2n 1) n Ans. (D)
2
2n 2 n n 1 3 5
= 2 cos2 + cos2 + cos2
2n 3n 1 n 12 12 12
2
2n 2n 1
= 2 = 1 = cos2 + cos2 + cos2
2n 2n 1 12 4 2 12
2
1
= tan 0 = cos2 + sin2 +
4 2 12 12 2
+ = 1 3
4 = 1 + =
2 2
# UID : P1-C3-S11-Q21
 140 Std.-11 : Maths Darpan – ‘Kumar’

1 1 7 7
26) cos2 7 cos2 37 is equal to ....... # sin cos cos sin
2 2 12 4 12 4
3 2 1 1 7
(A)
4
(B)
2
(C)
2
(D)
2 2 = sin ( From formula of sin( – ))
12 4
1
Ans. (D) 4 3
2 2 = sin sin
12 3 2
2 1 2 1
cos 7 cos 37 1
2 2 29) One root of 4x3 – 3x = is ...... .
2
1 1 (A) sin70° (B) sin10° (C) sin20° (D) cos70°
cos2 7 cos2 90 52
2 2
Ans. (A) sin70°
2 1 2 1
cos 7 sin 52 Taking x = cos
2 2
1
cos 7
1
52
1
cos 7
1
52
1 4cos3 – 3 cos =
2 2 2 2 2
1
( cos2A – sin2B = cos(A + B) cos(A – B)) cos3 = = cos 60°
2
= cos(60°) cos(–45°) 3 = 60°
1 1 = 20°
cos( ) cos
2 2 x = cos 20°
1 = cos (90 – 70°)
2 2
= sin (70°)
2 1 2 1
27) sin 82 sin 52 = ......
2 2 30) The value of 3sin – 4sin3 is ...
9 9
3 3 1 1 1 3 1
(A) (B) (C) (D) (A) (B) –1 (C) (D) –
2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2

1 3
Ans. (C)
Ans. (C) 2
2 2
We know that sin3 = 3sin – 4 sin3
12 1
sin 82 sin 2 52
2 2 Taking =
9
Now sin( + ) · sin( – ) = sin2 – sin2
1 1 1 1 sin3 = 3sin – 4sin3
= sin 82 52 sin 82 52 9 9 9
2 2 2 2
3
= sin(135°) · sin(30°) sin = 3sin – 4sin3 =
3 9 9 2
= sin(180° – 45°) sin30° 2
1 sin – cos
= sin 45° sin30° 31) The value of is .........
1 sin cos
1 1 1
= [March - 2016]
2 2 2 2
7 7 (A) tan2 (B) 2cot
sin cos cos sin 2 2
28) = ......
12 4 12 4
1 3 1 1 (C) cot2 (D) 2cosec
(A) (B) (C) (D) 2 2
2 2 2 2
3
Ans. (B) Ans. (A) tan2
2 2
# UID : P1-C3-S11-Q26
 3. Trigonometric Functions 141
2
1 + sin – cos 2x sin 2 1 x
1+ sin + cos 2
2 x 1
1 – cos + sin sin2 =
= 2 2x
1+ cos + sin
2 cos2 = 1 –sin2
2 sin 2
+ 2 sin cos 2 2
= 2 2 2
x 1 x 1
2 cos 2 + 2 sin cos = 1 – =
2 2 2 2x 2x
2 sin 2 2 x 1
2 sin sin + cos tan2 = =
2 2 2 2÷ cos 2
x 1
= 2

2 cos cos + sin 2tan

2 2 2 2
tan = 2
2 1 tan 2
tan tan 2
2 2 x 1 2
x 1
x 1
2 x 1 x 1
1 + cosA m 2 = =
32) If 1 – cosA = , then tanA is equal to... # 1
x 1 x 1 x 1
n2 x 1
[March - 2016] = x 1 x 1 = x2 1
2mn 2mn
(A)
m –n 2 2 (B)
m 2 + n2 34) If tanx = b then the value of acos(2x) + bsin(2x)
a
m2 + n2 m2 – n2 is .......... [March -2016]
(C) (D)
m2 – n2 m 2 + n2 (A) a – b (B) a (C) b (D) a + b
2mn Ans. (B) a
Ans. (A) acos(2x) + bsin(2x)
m2 – n2
1+ cosA m2 A n 1 tan 2 x 2tanx
= tan 2 ÷ = ± = a + b
1 – cosA n2 m 1 tan x 2 1 tan 2 x
A A
2cos 2 2
2 tan b2 2b
2 m 2 1
A
=
2
tanA =
A a2 a÷
n 1 – tan 2 = a + b
2 sin 2 b2 b2
2 2 1 1+
n
± 2m a2 a2
A 2 =
cot2 = m 1– n2
2 n2 m2 a a 2 – b 2 + 2b 2a
=
A m 2 mn a2 + b 2
cot = ± = ±
2 n m2 – n2 a a2 + b 2
= = a
33) If 0 < < and 2x × sin2 + 1 = x then a2 + b2
2 2
tan is .........
2 2
35) If cos =
4
, <
5 2
a
< , then tan 2 () = ......
(A) x 1 (B) x 1 1 1
(A) – 3 (B) 3 (C) (D)
1 3 3
(C) x2 2 (D) x2 Ans. (B) 3
2
4
Ans. (A) x2 1 cos ,
5 2
# UID : P1-C3-S11-Q32
 142 Std.-11 : Maths Darpan – ‘Kumar’

4 x
38) If tan x = , <x< then sin = ......
4 2 2 3 2 2
2 1 cos [AIEEE - 2009]
Now, tan
2 1 cos
2 2 1 3
1 4 (A) (B) (C) (D)
= 5
= 9 5 5 5 5
1 4
5 2
Ans. (B)
tan 3 ( is in first quadrant.) 5
2 2 sec x = 1 + tan2x
2

36) If tan = 2 + 1, 0 < <

2
then tan2 = ...... # 16
= 1
(A) 1 (B) – 1 9
25
(C) 2 –1 (D) 2 1 =
9
Ans. (B) – 1
5
sec x x
tan 2 1 0 0 2 3 2
2 4
3
2tan cos x =
tan2 = 5
1 tan 2
2 x 1 cos x
2 2 1 Now, sin
2 2
= 2 1 53
1 2 1 =
2
2 2 1 8 4
= =
= 10 5
1 2 2 2 1
x 4
2 2 1 sin
1 2 5
=
2 2 1
x x 4 2

( ) = ......
But, sin
3 3 4 2 2 2 5 5
37) If sin = , < < then cos 2
5 2 39) The real roots of the equation cos x + sin4x = 1
7

3 1 1 3 in interval (– , ) are .........

(A) (B) (C) (D)
10 10 10 10
(A) 0, , – (B) 0, , –
–1 3 3 4 4
Ans. (B)
10
(C) 0, , – (D) , ,
3 3 2 2 2 3 4
sin
5 2
Ans. (C) 0, , –
4 2 2
cos
5 cos7x + sin4x = 1
1 cos For x = 0 we get 1 + 0 = 1
cos 2
2 2
4 x = we get 0 + 1 = 1
1 1 2
= 5 =
10
2 and for x = – we get 0 + (–1)4 = 1
2
1
cos Real roots of the given equation are
2 10
3 1 0, , –
But, cos 2 2
2 2 4 2 10 For remaining options roots does not exists.
# UID : P1-C3-S11-Q36
 3. Trigonometric Functions 143
40) The number of points of intersection of 2y = 1 cos tan
=
and y = sinx, –2 < x 2 is .......... # sin cos
(A) 2 (B) 4 (C) 3 (D) 1 sin
cos2 = sin tan = sin
cos
Ans. (B) 4
Y cos3 = sin2
cos3 = 1 – cos2
y = sinx
1 cos3 + cos2 = 1 ....(1)
Y=1
2 By taking cube on both sides
X' X
-2 -3 - - O 3 2
2 2 2 2 (cos3 + cos2 )3 = (1)3
-1
cos9 + cos6 + 3cos3 cos2 (cos3 + cos2 ) = 1
cos9 + cos6 + 3cos5 (1) = 1 ( (1))
Y' cos9 + cos6 + 3cos5 – 1 = 0
It is clear from the figure that 2y = 1 intersects
43) Minimum value of 27tan2 + 3cot2 is .........
the curve y = sinx, –2 < 2x 2 , in four points.
41) If A = sin2 + cos4 then for every R, ...... (A) 9 (B) 18 (C) 27 (D) 30
3 Ans. (B) 18
(A) 1 A 2 (B) A 1
4
As we know that A M GM
13 3 13
(C) A 1 (D) A 27tan 2 3cot 2
16 4 16 27tan 2 . 3cot 2
3 2
Ans. (B) A 1
4 27tan2 + 3cot2 2 81
A = sin2 + cos4
27tan2 + 3cot2 18
= sin2 + (cos2 )2
Minimum value = 18
= sin2 + (1 – sin2 )2
= sin2 + 1 – 2sin2 + sin4 44) If x = asec3 tan , y = btan3 sec then
= 1 + sin4 – sin2 sin2 = .......... .
= 1 + sin2 (sin2 – 1) x y x y xy ay
(A) – (B) + (C) (D)
= 1 – sin2 cos2 1 a b a b ab bx
and A = 1 – sin2 cos2 ay
Ans. (D)
1 bx
= 1 – (4sin2 cos2 )
4 1 sin
1 1 3 Here, x = a × 3
cos cos
= 1 – sin22 1 – =
4 4 4 a sin
3 cos4 =
A x
4
sin 3 1
3 and y = b × 3
A 1 cos cos
4
42) If sin , cos , tan are in Geometric progression b sin 3
cos4 =
then cos9 + cos6 + 3cos5 – 1 = .......... . y
(A) –1 (B) 0 a sin b sin 3
=
(C) 1 (D) None of these x y
Ans. (B) 0 ay
sin2 =
sin , cos , tan are in Geometric progression bx
# UID : P1-C3-S11-Q40
 144 Std.-11 : Maths Darpan – ‘Kumar’
1
45) Let and are two real roots of the equation 2sin x 2cos x
minimum value of 2 2
(k + 1) tan 2 x – 2 tanx = 1 – k, where 2
(k –1) and are real numbers. minimum value of
If tan2 ( + ) = 50, then value of is # 1 1
1
[JEE - 2020] sin x cos x 1 2 2
2 2 2 2 2
(A) 5 2 (B) 10 2 (C) 10 (D) 5
47) If for x 0, , log10sinx + log10cosx = –1,
Ans. (C) 10 2
1
(k + 1) tan2x – 2 tanx = 1 – k and log10(sinx + cosx) = (log10n – 1), n > 0,
2
tan2 ( + ) = 50 then the value of n is equal to : [JEE - 2021]
Roots of the given equations are tan and tan (A) 20 (B) 12 (C) 9 (D) 16
2 Ans. (B) 12
sum of the both roots tan + tan =
1 k
x 0,
k 1 2 , log10sinx + log10cosx = –1
and product of both roots tan · tan = k 1
1
Now tan2 ( + ) = 50 and log10(sinx + cosx) = (log10n – 1), n > 0
2
tan tan log10(sinx · cosx) = –1
1 tan · tan = 50
1
2 sinx cosx = ...(1)
2 10
k 1 1
k 1 = 50 log10(sinx + cosx) = (log10n – log1010)
1 2
k 1
n
(sinx + cosx)2 =
2 2
2 = 100
10
= 50 = ±10
4 n
46) The minimum value of 2sinx + 2cosx is = ......... 1 + 2sinx cosx =
10
[JEE - 2020)]
1 2 n
1 1 + =
2 1 2
(A) 2 (B) 2 10 10
1 n = 12
1
1 2 2
(C) 2 (D) 2 48) The number of roots of the equation,
1
1 sin2 x cos2 x
Ans. (D) 2 2 81 81 = 30 in the interval [0, ]
Using A.M G.M. is equal to : [JEE - 2021]
(A) 3 (B) 4 (C) 8 (D) 2
2sin x 2cos x
2sin x 2cos x Ans. (B) 4
2
sin x cos x
2sin x 2cos x sin 2 x cos2 x
2 2 ... (1) 81 81 = 30
2
sin 2 x sin 2 x
Now 2 sin x cos x 2 81 81 1 = 30
2x
1 sin x cos x 1 Let 81
sin
=t
So,
2 2 2
81
sin x cos x 1 t + = 30
t
minimum value of 2 2 2 2
t2 – 30t + 81 = 0
So by (1), (t – 27) (t – 3) = 0
# UID : P1-C3-S11-Q45
 3. Trigonometric Functions 145
t = 27, t = 3 (sin + 1) = 2 cos2 = 2(1 + sin )(1 – sin )
2x 2x
81 sin = 27 81 sin =3 sin = –1 is not possible as –
2
4sin 2 x 3 4sin 2 x 1
3 = 3 3 = 31 sin =
2
4sin2x = 3, 4sin2x = 1 5
= ,
3 1 6 6
sinx = ± sinx = ±
2 2 n(S) = 5
Now, x [0, ] 5
T = cos0 + cos –2 + cos2 + cos + cos
The number of roots of the given equation is 4. 3 3
49) If 15 sin4 + 10 cos4 = 6, for some R, T = 4
6 6
then the value of 27 sec + 8 cosec is equal T + n(S) = 9
to : # [JEE - 2021] 51) The number of solutions of | cos x | = sin x such
(A) 350 (B) 500 (C) 400 (D) 250 that – 4 x 4 is ........ [JEE - 2022]
Ans. (D) 250 (A) 4 (B) 6 (C) 8 (D) 12
15sin4 + 10cos4 = 6, R Ans : (C) 8
4 2 2
15sin + 10(1 – sin ) = 6
15sin4 + 10 – 20sin2 + 10sin4 –6 = 0 Y
25sin4 – 20sin2 + 4 = 0
(5sin2 – 2)2 = 0
5sin2 – 2 = 0
X
2 2 3
sin 2 , cos2 1
5 5 5
Now, 27sec6 + 8cosec6
3 3 | cos x | = sin x
1 1
= 27 8
cos2 sin 2 Now, | cos x | 0
sin x 0
3 3
5 5 Now, sinx is positive in first and second quadrant
= 27 8
3 2 In (0, 2 ) | cos x | = sin x has 2 solutions
= 125 + 125 = 250 In [– 4 4 ] total 4 circles are rotated

50) Let S [ , ] : sin tan tan sin2

No. of solutions in [– 4 4 ] = 8
2
52) A tower PQ stands on a horizontal ground with
base Q on the ground. The point R divides the
If T cos2 , then T + n(S) is equal
tower in two parts such that QR = 15 m.
S
[JEE - 2022] If from a point A on the ground the angle of
elevation of R is 60° and the part PR of the
(A) 7 3 (B) 9 (C) 8 3 (D) 10 tower subtends an angle of 15° at A, then the
Ans : (B) 9 height of the tower is ........ [JEE - 2022]
sin tan + tan = sin2 (A) 5(2 3 3) m (B) 5( 3 3) m
2tan
tan (sin + 1) = (C) 10( 3 1) m (D) 10(2 3 1) m
1 tan 2
tan = 0 = – , 0, Ans : (A) 5(2 3 + 3) m
# UID : P1-C3-S11-Q49
 146 Std.-11 : Maths Darpan – ‘Kumar’

P 4
= cos 2 1 – 2sin 2 1
7 7
x 4
= cos 3 – 4sin 2
7 7
R
4
cos
15 7 sin 3 – 4sin 2
° =
15 7 7
sin
A 60° 7
Q
From figure, cos4
7 3sin – 4sin 3
=
15 7 7
= tan 60° ...(1) sin
AQ 7
4
15 x 2 cos
= tan 75° ...(2) 7 sin 3
AQ = 7
2 sin
(1) 7
x 10 3
(2) 3 4
2sin cos
PQ = x + 15 7 7
=
= 10 3 + 15 2sin
7
PQ = 5 2 3 3 m = Height of the tower
sin sin –
53) 16 sin 20 sin40 sin 80 = ........ . # [JEE - 2022] = 7
2sin
(A) 3 3 (B) 2 3 (C) 3 (D) 3 7

Ans. (B) 2 3 –sin

= 7
Here, 16 sin20° sin40°sin80°
2sin
= 4 4 sin40 sin20 sin80° 7
–1
= 4 (sin3(20)) =
2
= 4 sin60°
–5 3
3 55) If cot = 1 and sec = , where ,
= 4 3 2
2
= 2 3 and < < then the value of tan( + ) and
2
2 4 6
54) cos + cos + cos = ........ . [Mains - 2022] the quadrant in which ( + ) lies, respectively
7 7 7
–1 –1 –1 are .......... . [JEE - 2022]
(A) (B) –1 (C) (D)
2 3 4 –1 1
–1 (A) , IV (B) 7, I (C) –7, IV (D) , I
Ans. (A) 7 7
2
–1
2 4 6 Ans. (A) , IV
Here cos cos cos 7
7 7 7
Here cot = 1 tan = 1
2 6 4
= cos cos cos –5
7 7 7 and sec =
3
4 2 4 –3
= 2 cos cos cos
cos =
7 7 7 5
4 2 –4
= cos 2cos 1 tan =
7 7 3
# UID : P1-C3-S11-Q53
 3. Trigonometric Functions 147
tan tan
Now tan( + ) = 8 5 1– 5 +1
1 – tan tan =
4
4 = 2(2)
1–
3 = 4
= 4
1 58) The value of 36(4cos 29° – 1) (4cos 227° – 1)
3 (4cos281° – 1) (4cos2243° – 1) is .......... .
–1
tan( + ) = , ( + ) lies in 4th quadrant [JEE Mains - 2023]
7
56) 2sin12° – sin72° = ......... . # [JEE Mains - 2022] (A) 54 (B) 18 (C) 27 (D) 36
Ans. (D) 36
5 1– 3 1– 5
(A) (B) Here from given question calculating the value
4 8
of 4cos2 – 1
3 1– 5 3 1– 5
(C) (D) = 4(1 – sin2 ) – 1
2 4
= 4 – 4sin2 – 1
3 1– 5
Ans. (D) = 3 – 4sin2
4
sin 3
Here 2sin 12° – sin72° =
sin
= sin12° + sin12° – sin72°
36(4cos29 – 1) (4cos227 – 1) (4cos281 – 1)
= sin12° – 2 cos42° sin30°
(4cos2243 – 1)
1
= sin12° – 2 cos42° sin 27 sin 81 sin 243 sin 729
2 = 36
sin9 sin 27 sin81 sin 243
= sin12° – cos42°
sin729
= sin12° – sin48° = 36
sin 9
= –2 cos30° sin18°
sin9
–2 3 5 –1 = 36 ( sin 729° = sin(720° + 9°) = sin9°)
= sin9
2 4 = 36
31– 5 1 1
= 59) If tan15° + + + tan195° = 2a
4 tan75° tan105°
57) The value of tan9° – tan27° – tan63° + tan 81° 1
then value of a + is ......... . [Mains - 2023]
is .......... . [JEE Mains - 2023] a
(A) 6 (B) 10 (C) 4 (D) 8 (A) 4 (B) 4 – 2 3
Ans. (C) 4
3
Here, tan9° – tan27° – tan63° + tan81° (C) 2 (D) 5 – 3
2
= (tan9° + cot9°) – (tan27° + cot27°) Ans. (A) 4
sin9 cos9 sin 27 cos27 Here tan15° = 2 – 3 and
= –
cos9 sin9 cos27 sin 27 1
tan 75
= cot 75° = 2 – 3 and
2 sin 2 9 cos2 9 2 sin 2 27 cos2 27 1
= – = cot105° = cot(180° – 75°)
2 sin9 cos9 2 sin 27 cos27 tan 105
= –cot75°
2 2
= – = 3 – 2
sin18 sin 54
tan195° = tan(180° + 15°)
2 4 2 4
= 5 –1 – 5 1 = tan15° = 2 – 3
# UID : P1-C3-S11-Q56
 148 Std.-11 : Maths Darpan – ‘Kumar’

1 1
Now tan15° + + tan195° = 2a = 2 7– 4 3 = 14 – 8 3
tan 75 tan105
1 1 2
2 2– 3 = 2a Now, ( – 14)2 = 14 – 8 3 – 14
6 6
a = 2– 3 1 2
= –8 3
1 1 6
Now a a
2– 3
= 32
2– 3
1 2 3 –3 3
= 2– 3 61) If sinx = , where < x < then
2– 3 2 3 5 2
80(tan2x – cosx) = .......... . [JEE Mains - 2024]
= 2– 3 2 3
(A) 19 (B) 109 (C) 108 (D) 18
= 4
Ans. (B) 109
2x 2x
60) Let S = x – , : 91 – tan 9tan = 10 3 –3
2 2 Here sinx = ; x : 3rd quadrant
; < x <
25
x 1 3 –4
and = tan 2 then ( – 14)2 = ....... . #
3 6 tanx = yLku cosx =
x s 4 5
[JEE Mains - 2023] Now 80(tan2x – cosx)
(A) 32 (B) 8 (C) 64 (D) 16 3 –4
2

Ans. (A) 32 = 80 –
4 5
2x 9 4
Let 9tan =k = 80
16 5
91 2x (45 64)
tan 2 x
+ 9tan = 10 = 80 = 109
9 80
3cos36° + 5sin18° a 5 –b
9 62) If the value of 5cos36° – 3sin18° =
+ k = 10 c
k where a, b, c are natural numbers and G. C. D.
k2 – 10k + 9 = 0 (a, c) = 1 then a + b + c = .......... [JEE - 2024]
(k – 1) (k – 9) = 0 (A) 50 (B) 40 (C) 52 (D) 54
k = 1, k = 9 Ans. (C) 52
2x
Now, 9tan =1 5 1
Putting the value of cos 36° = and
tan 2 x 0 4
9 =9
5 –1
sin18° =
tan2x = 0 x = 0 x – , 4
2 2
3cos36 5sin18
Now, 9tan
2x Here, 5cos36 – 3sin18
= 91

5 1 5 –1
tan2x = 1 x = x – , 3 5
4 2 2 4 4
= 5 1 5 –1
2 x 5 – 3
Now, tan 4 4
3
x s 8 5 – 2
=
= tan2(0) + tan2 tan 2 – 2 5 8
12 12
2 4 5 –1
2 2 =
= 0 2 – 3 2 – 3 2 5 4

4 5 –1 4– 5
2 =
= 2 2– 3 4 5 4– 5
# UID : P1-C3-S11-Q60
 3. Trigonometric Functions 149

16 5 – 20 – 4 5 3cos2 x cos 3 2 x
= Here, = x3 – x2 + 6
11 cos6 x – sin6 x
17 5 – 24 a 5 – b cos2 x(3 cos 2 2x )
11 c = x3 – x2 + 6
(cos2 x )3 – (sin 2 x )3
a = 17, b = 24, c = 11
cos2x(3 cos 2 2x )
a + b + c = 17 + 24 + 11 = 52
(cos2 x – sin 2 x ) (cos4 x sin 2 x cos2 x sin 4 x )
63) For 0, , let 3sin( + ) = 2sin( – ) = x3 – x2 + 6
2 cos2 x(3 cos 2 2x )
and a real number K be such that tan = K = x3 – x2 + 6
cos2x (1 – sin 2 x cos 2 x )
tan . Then the value of K = .......... # [JEE - 2024]
4(3 cos2 2x )
–2 2 = x3 – x2 + 6
(A) 5 (B) –5 (C) (D) (4 – sin 2 2x )
3 3
Ans. (B) –5 4(3 cos2 2x )
= x3 – x2 + 6
Here, 3sin( + ) = 2sin( – ) (3 + cos2 2x )

3sin cos + 3cos sin = 2sin cos – 2cos sin x3 – x2 + 2 = 0

(x + 1) (x2 – 2x + 2) = 0
5cos sin = –sin cos
x = –1 is possible
5sin sin
=– Sum of solution = (–1)
cos cos
5 tan = –tan 1
66) Let |cos cos(60 – ) cos (60 + )| ,
tan = –5tan 8
K = –5 [0, 2 ] then the sum of all [0, 2 ],
64) The number of solution of the equation where cos3 attain maximum value is .......... .
esinx – 2e–sinx = 2 is .......... . [JEE - 2024] [Mains - 2024]
(A) 2 (B) more than 2 (A) 9 (B) 18 (C) 6 (D) 15
(C) 1 (D) 0 Ans. (C) 6
Ans. (D) 0 1
|cos cos(60 – ) cos(60 + )|
2 8
e sin x – sin x
–2 = 0 1
e |4cos(60 – ) cos cos(60 + )|
2 2
K– –2=0 ( let esinx = K) 1
K |cos3 |
K2 – 2K – 2 = 0 2
–1 1
K=1 3 cos3
2 2
1
Now K=1+ 3 = 2.73 Now K=1– 3 = –0.73 Here, maximum value of cos3 is .
2
esinx = 2.73 esinx = –0.73
1
sinx = loge 2.73 >1 is not possible For cos3 =
2
is not possible [0, 2 ]
The number of solution is 0. 3 [0, 6 ]
65) The sum of the solutions x R of the equation 5 7 11 13 17
3 = , , , , ,
3 3 3 3 3 3 3
3cos2 x cos 2 x
= x3 – x2 + 6 is ........ . [JEE - 24] 5 7 11 13 17
cos x – sin6 x
6
= , , , , ,
9 9 9 9 9 9
(A) 0 (B) 1 (C) –1 (D) 3
Ans. (C) –1 54
sum of all values of = =6
9
# UID : P1-C3-S11-Q63
 150 Std.-11 : Maths Darpan – ‘Kumar’

67) If 10 sin4 + 15 cos4 = 6 then find value of Ans. (D)

6 6
27cosec 8sec Here, 2sin2 = cos2
8 = .......... . # [JEE - 2025]
8sec 2sin2 = 1 – 2sin2
3 2 1 4
(A) (B) (C) (D) 4sin2 = 1
5 5 5 5
1
4 sin = ....(1)
Ans. (D) 2
5
Here, 10sin4 + 15 cos4 = 6 Now 2cos2 = 3sin
10sin4 + 10 cos4 + 5 cos4 = 6 2 – 2sin2 = 3sin
10(sin4 + cos4 ) + 5 cos4 = 6 2sin2 + 3sin – 2 = 0
10(1 – 2sin2 cos2 ) + 5 cos4 = 6 2sin2 + 4sin – sin – 2 = 0
10 – 20 sin2 cos2 + 5 cos4 – 6 = 0 2sin (sin + 2) – 1 (sin + 2) = 0
10 – 20 (1 – cos2 ) cos2 + 5 cos4 – 6 = 0 (sin + 2) (2sin – 1) = 0
25 cos4 – 20cos2 + 4 = 0 1
(5cos2 – 2)2 = 0 sin = ....(2)
2
2 5 5 From equation (1) and (2),
cos2 = sec2 = cosec2 =
5 2 3
3 3
1 5
5 5 sin = = , [0, 2 ]
27 8 2 6 6
27cosec6 8sec6 3 2 4
Now, = = 5
8sec8 5
4 5 sum of all values of = =
8 6 6
2
Numerical type question
68) The value of (sin70°) (cot 10° cot 70° – 1)
= .......... . [JEE - 2025] 70) The number of solution of the equation
3 2 1
(A) 1 (B) 0 (C) (D) cos x cos – x = cos 22x, x [–3 ,
2 3 3 3 4
Ans. (A) 1 3 ] is .......... [JEE - 2022]
Here (sin 70°) (cot 10° cot 70° – 1) Ans. 7
cos 10 cos70 1
= sin 70° –1 Here cos x cos – x = cos22x
sin 10 sin70 3 3 4
1
sin70 cos70 cos10 – sin70 sin10 cos2 – sin 2 x = (1 – 2sin 2 x )2
= 3 4
sin10 sin70
1 1
cos(70 10) – sin 2 x = (1 – 4sin 2 x 4sin 4 x )
= 4 4
sin10 sin4x = 0
( Using the formula cos(A + B) = cosAcosB –sinAsinB)
sinx = 0
cos80 x = k , k z, x [–3 , 3 ]
=
sin10
x = {0, , 2 , 3 , – –2 , – 3 }
sin10
= Number of solution = 7
sin10
=1 71) If sin210° sin20° sin40° sin50° sin70°
69) The sum of all values of [0, 2 ] satisfying 1
2 2 = – sin10° then 16 + –1 = ........ [JEE - 2022]
2sin = cos2 and 2 cos = 3 sin is .......... . 16
[JEE - 2025] Ans. 80
5 Here, sin210° sin20° sin40° sin50° sin70°
(A) (B) 4 (C) (D)
2 6 = (sin10° sin50° sin70°) (sin10° sin20° sin40°)
# UID : P1-C3-S11-Q67
 3. Trigonometric Functions 151
1
= (4sin50 sin10 sin70) 3 32
4 = sin
1 sin 33
sin10 2sin 40 sin 20 33
2
1 1 32
sin sin – = sin
= sin30° sin10 (cos20 – cos60) 33 33 33
4 2
1 1 1 1
= sin10 cos20 – 3
4 2 2 2 = sin
sin 33
1 1 33
= sin10 cos20 –
16 2 =3
1
= (2sin10 cos20 – sin10) 73) The number of elements in the set
32
1 S={ [0, 2 ] : 3cos4 – 5cos2 – 2sin6 + 2 = 0}
= (sin30 – sin10 – sin10) is ......... . [JEE Mains - 2023]
32
1 1 Ans. 9
= – 2sin10
32 2 3cos4 – 5cos2 – 2sin6 + 2 = 0, [ [0, 2 ]]
1 1 1
= – sin10° = – sin10° 3cos4 – 3cos2 – 2cos2 – 2sin6 +2=0
64 16 16
3cos2 (cos2 – 1) – 2(1 – sin2 ) – 2sin6 + 2 = 0
1
= 3cos2 (cos2 – 1) – 2 + 2sin2 – 2sin6 + 2 = 0
64
1 3cos2 (cos2 – 1) + 2sin2 (1 – sin4 ) = 0
then 16 + –1 = 16 +
3cos2 (–sin2 ) + 2sin2 (1 – sin2 ) (1 + sin2 ) = 0
= 16 + 64 = 80 –3sin2 cos2 + 2sin2 cos2 (1 + sin2 ) = 0
2 4 8 16 sin2 cos2 (–3 + 2 + 2sin2 ) = 0
72) 96 cos cos cos cos cos
33 33 33 33 33
sin2 cos2 (2sin2 – 1) = 0
= ......... . # [JEE Mains - 2023]
sin2 = 0 sin = 0 = {0, , 2 }
Ans. 3
48 2 2 4 3
sin cos cos cos cos2 = 0 cos = 0 = ,
33 33 33 33 2 2
sin
33
8 16 1 3 5 7
cos cos 2sin2 – 1 sin2 = = , , ,
33 33 2 4 4 4 4

24 2 2 2 4 Number of elements in the set = 9

sin cos cos
= sin 33 33 33 74) In a triangle ABC, BC = 7, AC = 8, AB =
33
2 m
8 16 and cosA = . If 49 cos3C + 42 = , where
cos
cos 3 n
33 33 G.C.D. (m, n) = 1, then m + n = ......... .
12 2 4 4 8 16 [JEE Mains - 2024]
= sin . cos cos cos
sin 33 33 33 33
Ans. 39
33
6 2 a = 7, b = 8, c = A
8 8 16
= sin cos cos
33 33 33
sin b2 c2 – a2 8
33 Now cosA =
2bc
3 2 16 16
= sin cos B C
33 33 2 82 c 2 – 72
sin = 7
33 3 2 8 c
# UID : P1-C3-S11-Q72
 152 Std.-11 : Maths Darpan – ‘Kumar’

2 c 2 + 15 MCQs for Practice S12

=
3 16c
1) In a circle with radius 3 cm an arc of length
32c = 3c2 + 45 1 cm subtends an angle of measure .......... at
3c2 – 32c + 45 = 0 the centre of the circle.
3c2 – 27c – 5c + 45 = 0 (A) 2 Radian (B) 3 Radian
(c – 9) (3c – 5) = 0 1 1
(C) Radian (D) degree
3 3
c=9
2) The radian measure of 56° is ..........
= 9 is possible.
12 14 7 7
a2 b2 – c2 72 82 – 92 2 (A)
35
(B)
45
(C)
20
(D)
36
Now, cos C = = =
2ab 2 7 8 7 3) The angle between the hour hand and the
Now, 49cos3c + 42 = 49 (4cos3c – 3cosc) + 42 minute hand of a clock at the time 4 : 20 is ....
3
2 2 (A) (B) (C) (D)
= 49 4 – 3 + 42 18 9 10 36
7 7
4) sin 2 .......... sin 5.
32
= (A) > (B) < (C) = (D) <
7
m + n = 32 + 7 = 39 5) The degree measure of 3 radian is ..........
(A) 171° 49' 5'' (B) 171° 49' 50''
75) Let the set of all a R, such that the equation
(C) 171° 50' 5'' (D) 171° 48' 15''
cos2x + a sinx = 2a – 7 has a solution be [p, q]
6) The angles of a quadrilateral are in AP. If the
1 greatest angle is 120° then the smallest angle
and r = tan9° – tan27° – + tan81° then
cot63° is ..........
pqr = ......... . # [JEE Mains - 2024] (A) 45° (B) 30° (C) 60° (D) 75°
Ans. 48 x
7) y = sin , x [0, 2 ]. The function y is ..........
Here cos2x + asinx = 2a – 7 2
in (0, ).
asinx – 2a = –7 – cos2x
(A) Decreasing (B) Increasing
a(sinx – 2) = –7 – (1 – 2sin2x)
(C) Constant (D) can not say anything
a(sinx – 2) = –7 – 1 + 2sin2x
8) tan 15° = ..........
a(sinx – 2) = 2sin2x – 8 3 1 1 3 3 1 3 1
a(sinx – 2) = 2(sin2x – 4) (A)
3 1
(B)
1 3
(C)
3 1
(D)
1 3
a(sinx – 2) = 2(sinx – 2)(sinx + 2) 5
9) 2cos cos ..........
sinx = 2 which is not possible and a = 2(sinx + 2) 24 24
Now –1 sinx 1 2 3 3 2
(A) (B)
–1 + 2 2 + sinx 1+2 4 2
1 2 + sinx 3 2 3 2 3
(C) (D)
2 2 (2 + sinx) 6 2 4
tan3 x
2 a 6 10) The value of do not lie between ..........
tan x
a [2, 6] 1 1
p = 2, q = 6 (A) and 0 (B) and 3
3 3
1 1 1
Now r = tan9 – tan 27 – + tan81 (C) and (D) – 3 and 3
cot 63° 3 3
r = tan9° – tan27° – tan63° + tan81° Ans. : (1 – C) (2 – B) (3 – A) (4 – A)
r=4 ( from question 57) (5 – A) (6 – C) (7 – B) (8 – A)
pqr = 2 6 4 = 48 (9 – C) (10 – B)
# UID : P1-C3-S11-Q75
 3. Trigonometric Functions 153
11) tan 75° – cot 75° = .......... # tan(225 ) tan(345 )
22) If cot(15°) = m then tan(195 ) tan(105 ) .....
(A) 2 3 (B) 2 3
(C) 2 3 (D) None of these m 1 2m m2 1 m 1
(A) (B) (C) (D) 2
12) cosec (–1410°) = .......... m2 1 m2 1 m2 1 m 1

2 23) The value of

3
(A) – 2 (B) 2 (C) (D) cos(480°) sin(105°) + sin(600°) cos(390°) is .....
2 3
3 3 1 1
13) sin and then the value of (A) (B) 0 (C) – 1 (D)
5 2 2 2
sec cot 2 4 6
24) cos cos cos ..........
tan cosec
is .......... 7 7 7
1 1
31 31 30 (A) 1 (B) – 1 (C) (D)
(A) (B) (C) (D) – 1 2 2
29 29 29
tan x tan y tan z
14) If tan + sin = m and tan – sin = n then 25) If ( 0) and x + y + z =
1 2 3
m2 – n2 = ..........
then which of the following is false ?
(A) 4 mn (B) mn (C) 4 mn (D) 2mn (A) tan x = ± 1, tan y = ± 2, tan z = ± 3
15) cos 105° + sin 105° = .......... (B) tan x + tan y + tan z = 0
1 1 (C) tan x + tan y + tan z, Maximum value 6.
(A) (B) 1 (C) 2 (D)
2 2 (D) tan x + tan y + tan z, Minimum value –6.
cot A cotB 2 4
16) If A + B = 225° then ........ 26) cos cos cos ..........
1 + cotA 1 + cotB 7 7 7
1 1 1
1 (A) 0 (B) (C) (D)
(A) 1 (B) –1 (C) 0 (D) 2 4 8
2
3 5 7
17) If y = (1 + tanA) (1 – tanB) and A – B = then 27) sin sin sin sin ..........
4 16 16 16 16
(y + 1)y + 1 = .......... 1 1
2 2
(A) 9 (B) 4 (C) 27 (D) 81 (A) (B) (C) (D)
16 16 8 8
2 2 3 2 5 2 7 28) The value of 3 cosec 20° – sec 20° is ..........
18) sin sin sin sin ......
8 8 8 8 (A) – 4 (B) 1 (C) 2 (D) 4
(A) 1 (B) 2 (C) – 1 (D) 0
4 x
cos (17 ) sin (17 ) 29) If tan x , x then sin ......
.......... 3 2 2
19)
cos (17 ) sin (17 ) 2 2 1 3
(A) (B) (C) (D)
(A) tan 62° (B) tan 56° (C) tan 54° (D) tan 73° 5 5 5 5
sin (70 ) cos (40 ) 1
20) .......... 30) The value of cos 67 is ..........
cos (70 ) sin (40 ) 2
1 1
(A) 1 (C) 3
(B) (D) 2 2 2 2
3 2 (A) (B)
21) sin (12°) sin (48°) sin (54°) = .......... 2 2
1 1 1 1
(A) (B) (C) (D) (C) 2 1 (D) 2 1
16 32 8 4
Ans. : (11 – A) (12 – B) (13 – B) (14 – C) (15 – D) (16 – D) (17 – C) (18 – B) (19 – A) (20 – C)
(21 – C) (22 – A) (23 – C) (24 – D) (25 – B) (26 – D) (27 – B) (28 – D) (29 – B) (30 – B)
# UID : P1-C3-S12-Q11
 154 Std.-11 : Maths Darpan – ‘Kumar’

31) If one of the roots of 25 cos2 + 5 cos – 12 = 0 16 56

(A) (B)
63 33
is then the value of sin2 is ....... # .
2 28
(C) (D) None of these
24 13 13 24 33
(A) (B) (C) (D) 42) The number of solutions of the equation
23 18 18 25
sin2 x cos2 x
3 16 16 10, x [0, 3 ] is ........
32) If cos = –0.6 and then tan .....
2 4 (A) 4 (B) 8 (C) 12 (D) 16
1 5 5 1 5 5 1 2 3 5 6
(A) (B) (C) (D) 43) 2 sin sin sin sin sin
2 2 2 2 8 8 8 8 8
7
3 A 5A sin = ......... . [JEE-2021]
33) If cos A then 32 sin sin .......... 8
4 2 2 1 1 1 1
(A) (B) (C) (D)
(A) –11 (B) 11 (C) 11 (D) 11 4 2 8 8 2 4
3 5 7 9
34) 2 2 2cos 4 .......... 44) 2sin sin sin sin sin = .........
22 22 22 22 22
(A) cos (B) sin (C) 2cos (D) 2sin [JEE-2022]
35) If tan 2 = 2 tan 2 + 1 then the value of 3 1 1 9
(A) (B) (C) (D)
cos(2 ) + sin2 is .......... 16 16 32 32
(A) – 1 (B) 0 (C) 1 (D) 2 45) = sin36 is a root of which of the following
equation ? [JEE-2022]
36) If tan and tan are roots of the equation (A) 10x – 10x – 5 = 0 (B) 16x + 20x 2 – 5 = 0
4 2 4
2 2
8x2 – 26x + 15 = 0 then cos ( ) = .......... (C) 16x4 – 20x 2 + 5 = 0 (D) 16x4 – 10x 2 + 5 = 0
627 627 46) From the top A of a vertical wall AB of height
(A) (B) 30 m, the angle of depression of the top P and
725 725
bottom Q of vertical tower PQ are 15° and 60°
(C) – 1 (D) None of these
respectively. B and Q are on the same
37) tan 40° – 33 tan 40° + 27 tan2 40° = ...........
6 4
horizontal level. If C is a point on AB such that
(A) 1 (B) 2 BC = PQ then the area (in m 2 ) of the
(C) 3 (D) None of these quadritateral BCPQ is = .......... . [JEE-2023]
38) ,
1 2 [0, 2 ] and 1 and 2 satisfy the equation (A) 600 3 –1 (B) 300 3 +1
1 2
tan = 1 then tan tan .......... (C) 200 3 – 3 (D) 300 3 –1
2 2
(A) 0 (B) –1 (C) 2 (D) 1 47) tan9° – tan27° – tan63° + tan81° [JEE Main-2023]
sin ( x y) a b tan x
39) If then .......... 1
sin ( x y) a b tan y (A) (B) 2 (C) 4 (D) 8
2
b a
(A) (B) (C) ab (D) a – b –
a b 48) If , < < is the solution of 4 cos +
101 2 2
40) Trigonometric point P lies in .........
3 5sin = 1 then the value of tan = ......... .
quadrant. [JEE-2024]
(A) First (B) Second (C) Third (D) Fourth
10 – 10 10 – 10
4 5 (A) (B)
41) If cos( ) , sin( ) ,0 6 12
5 13 4
10 – 10 10 – 10
then tan2 = ......... (C) (D)
12 6
Ans. : (31 – A) (32 – D) (33 – D) (34 – C) (35 – B) (36 – A) (37 – C) (38 – B) (39 – B) (40 – D)
(41 – B) (42 – C) (43 – B) (44 – B) (45 – C) (46 – A) (47 – C) (48 – C)
# UID : P1-C3-S12-Q31