4) The probability distribution of a discrete random variable X is
TUTORIAL 3
given by
Discrete random variable and Probability distribution X=x 1 2 3 4 5
P(X=x) 2c 3c 4c 5c 6c
1) The probability distribution of X is shown below
a) Find the value of c
𝑘 b) Construct the cumulative distribution of X. hence, calculate
𝑃(𝑋 = 𝑥) = 𝑥 ; 𝑥 = 1,2,3,4 P(3≤X≤5)
0 ; 𝑂𝑡ℎ𝑒𝑟𝑤𝑖𝑠𝑒 c) Calculate E(X) and E(5X + 3)
a) Find the value of k 5) The number of handbags, Y, sold in a day by a local shop has the
b) Calculate P(X > 2) probability distribution as follows:
c) Determine P(1 ≤ X − 1 ≤ 3) 0.25 − 0.05𝑦 ; 𝑦 = 0,1,2,3
d) Calculate the mean and standard deviation of X 𝑃(𝑌 = 𝑦) = 𝑐 ; 𝑦 = 4,5
0 ; 𝑂𝑡ℎ𝑒𝑟𝑤𝑖𝑠𝑒
2) The probabilities that traffic police will issue asummons during his a) Determine the value of c
work shift are given in the following table b) Find P(Y≥3)
c) Calculate E(2Y+1) and Var(Y)
Number of summons, X 0 1 2 3 4
P(X=x) 0.35 0.25 0.2 a 0.1
6) Given that X is a random variable with a probability distribution
function defines as follows
a) Show that the value of a is 0.1 1
b) Calculate P(X>2) 𝑃(𝑋 = 𝑥) = 8
; 𝑥=0
c) Calculate Var(X)
𝑘𝑥 ; 𝑥 = 1,2,3
d) Calculate E(X2 + 2X) a) Show that k=1/16
b) Find the mean and variance of X
3) The probability distribution of a discrete random variable X is given c) Calculate E(X2 – 2) and Var (3 - 2X)
by
𝑘𝑥 ; 𝑥 = 1,2,3,4 7) The probability distribution function of a discrete random variable
𝑃(𝑋 = 𝑥) = 𝑘(10 − 𝑥) ; 𝑥 = 5,6,7 X is given by
1
0 ; 𝑂𝑡ℎ𝑒𝑟𝑤𝑖𝑠𝑒 𝑃(𝑋 = 𝑥) = 𝑘𝑥 + 𝑓𝑜𝑟 𝑥 = 0,1,2,3
a) Show that k=1/22 16
b) Calculate P(3≤X<5)
c) Calculate E(X) and Var(X) a) Determine the value of k
b) Find P(X<2)
c) Calculate E(X) and Var(X)
Special distribution damage from air pollution.
a) Three trees are selected at random. Calculate the
1. A particular type of dress comes in a midsize and oversize only. Luna
probability that
Fashion Store wants to know the demand of the customers who want
oversize dresses to prepare the minimum stock in the store i) Two of the selected trees have severe leaf damage
a) If the mean of the customers who want the oversize dress is 6, ii) At least one has severe leaf damage
find the probability that at least eight out of ten randomly b) If 50 trees are selected, calculate the probability that more
selected customers want oversize dresses? than 35 trees do not have severe leaf damage.
b) If forty percent of the customers want a midsize dress. Find the
probability that more than 45 customers out of 100 randomly 5. The number of visitors to a webserver follows Poisson
selected customers want oversize dresses. distribution. If the average number of visitors per minute is 4,
calculate the
2. Number of orders received by an online shopping mall between 2 to 3 a) Probability that there are at most two visitors in one minute
pm is distributed by Poisson distribution with a mean number of b) Probability that there are exactly two visitors in 30 seconds
orders received is 12. Find the probability that the online mall will c) Expected number of visitors in three minutes
receive exactly five orders between 2 to 2.30 pm.
6. Suppose mass-produced needles are packed in boxes of 1000.
3. A bank manager wants to study the number of customers who use
It is believed that on average, one needle in 2000 is defective.
the ATM located outside his office at midnight. On average, 1.5
Using an appropriate approximation, calculate the probability
customers walk up to the ATM and use it during any fifteen
that a box contains more than two defectives.
minutes interval at midnight
a) For random midnight, find the probability that 7. Medicine SND produced by a pharmaceutical company has
i) Exactly two customers use the ATM during any fifteen minutes probability 0.6 of curing headache
interval
a) If eight people having headaches are tested with this
ii) Three or fewer customers use the ATM during any half an hour
medicine, find the probability that at most 7 people are
interval
cured.
b) By using an appropriate approximation, find the probability that
at most twelve customers use the ATM during any four hours b) If ten people having headaches are treated with this
interval. medicine, find the probability that not more than two people
are not cured
c) If 200 people having headaches are treated with this
4. Twenty-five percent of trees in a forest have severe leaf
medicine, find the probability that between 100 to 110 meters of this fabric contain exactly one defect.
people are cured. b) Calculate the probability that a given piece of 1000
meters of this fabric contain fewer than three defects
8. Vehicles passing through a junction on a busy road follow c) Calculate the probability that a given piece of 25,000
Poisson distribution at a rate of 300 vehicles per hour meters of this fabric contain more than ten defects
a) Find the probability that at least one vehicle will pass
through the junction in a given minute
b) How many vehicles are expected to pass through the
junction in 3 minutes?
c) Using a suitable approximation, find the probability that at
most 80 vehicles will pass through the junction in half an
hour.
9. In a group of candicates who sit for a driving license computer
test, the number of candidates who passed the test, follows a
binomial distribution with parameters n and p. given the mean
and variance for number of caniddates who passes the test are
4 and 2.4 respectively.
a) Find n and p
b) Calculate the probability that at least two candidates
passed the test.
c) Calculate the probability that not more than 3
candidates failed the test.
10. Despite all efforts by the quality control department, the fabric
made at Indah Factory always containes a few defects. A
certain type of fabric made at this factory contains an average
of 0.5 defects per 500 meters.
a) Calculate the probability that a given piece of 500
