ARUNDEEP'S I.C.S.E.

PHYSICs-Vs
QUESTIONS FROM THE TOPIC SYSTEMS OF UNIT AND UNITSIN S.I.
SYSTEM
EXERCISE-1(A)
A. MULTIPLE CHOICE TYPE
8. The distance of stars from earth
is
(Choose the corect answer from the options given
below)
measured in : generally
(a) Kilometre (b) Light year
1. The condition(s) essential for a unit to be (c) Angstrom (d) Fermi
accepted internationally: Ans. (b) Light year
(a) The unit should be of convenient size and 9. 1Fermi is equal to:
without any ambiguity. (a) 10-14 m (b) 10-10 m
(b) The unit should be reproducible.
(c) 1015 m (d) 10-15 m
(c) The value of the unit should not change
with space and time. Ans. d) 10-1 m
(d) All of the above. 10. The unit of time is :
Ans. (d) All of the above. (a) light year (b) parsec
2 In mechanics, the three fundamental quantities (c) leap year (d) angstrom.
are:
Ans. (c) leap year
(a) Length, mass, velocity 11. 1 ¢ is equal to :
(b) Mass, time, density (a) 0.1 nm (b) 10-10 nm
(c) Mass, time, pressure
(c) 10-8 m (d) 10
(d) Length, mass, time
Ans. 1Å = 10-l0 m, 1 nm = 10 m ( 10- m=1nm)
Ans. (d) Length, mass, time
3. How many units are fundamental and l× 10-10

complementary? 10-10 m = l0-9

= 10-10 +9
(a) 2 fundamental, 7 complementary 1
= 10-1 = = 0.1nm
(b) 3 fundamental, 6 complementary 10 (a)
(c) 7fundamental, 2 complementary 12. One metric tonne is equal to :
(d) 4 fundamental, 5 complementary (a) 10 quintal (b) 100 quintal
Ans. (c) 7fundamental, 2 complementary (c) 1000 quintal (d) 25 quintal
4. The fundamental unit is : Ans. (a) 10 quintal
(a) Newton (b) Pascal
13. Light-year is the unit of :
(c) Hertz (d) second (a) timne (b) length
Ans. (d) second (c) mass (d) none of these
5. Which ofthe following unit is not a fundamental Ans. (b) length
unit:
14. One solar mass is equal to :
(a) Metre (b) Litre
(a) 3 x 1020 kg (b) 2 x 1027 kg
(c) second (d) Kilogram (c) 2 x 1030 kg (b) 3x 1030 kg
Ans. (b) litre is not a fundamental unit. Ans. (c) 2 x 1030 kg
6. One millimetre is part of metre :
15. One lunar cycle is nearly equal to :
(a) One hundredth (b) One thousandth
(a) 28.5 days (b) 29.5 days
(c) One billionth (d) One millionth
(c) 30 days (d) 30.5 days
Ans. (a) One hundred th Ans. (b) 29.5 days
7. One astronomical unit is equal to : 16. One shake is equal to :
(a) 1.496 x 1011 metre (b) 1.596 >x 1012 metre (a) 10-9 s (b) 10-8 s
(c) 1.498 x 1010 metre (d) 1.398 x 1011 metre (c) 10-10 s (d) 108
Ans. (a) 1.496 x101 metre Ans. (b) 10- s
 AEASUREMENTS AND EXPERIMENTATION
17 Which of the following 7
Watt ? unit is equivalent to
5. What is the S.I. unit of Luminous
(a) Volt x Ampere intensity?
(b) Ans. The SI unit of luminous intensity is the candela
(c) Ampere/Volt Volt/Ampere
(d) Ohm (cd).
Ans. (a) Volt x Ampere 6
Define one parsec.
18. Which one of the Ans. One parsec is a unit of astronomical distance that
(a) Metre
following is a derived unit?
(b) Kelvin is equal to approximately 3.26 light-years. The
(c) Metre3 term "parsec" is a combination of "parallax"
(d) Mole and
Ans. (c) Metre3 "árcsecond", and is based on the method of using
19. The S.I. unit of parallax to measure the distance to celestial
energy is : objects.
(a) Joule
(b) Kg m? 7 Define a fundamental unit.
(c) Kg m's-3 (a) Kg m²s-1 Ans. A fundamental or basic unit is that which is
Ans. (a) Joule independent of any other unit or which can
20. The S.I. unit of neither be changed nor can be related to any other
pressure is :
(a) Kg m2s-2 fundamental unit. e.g. units of mass, length, time
(b) Kg m-1_-2 and temperature.
(c) Kg ms2
(d) Kg ms-2 8. Define a derived unit.
Ans. (b) Kg m-lg-2
21. Which of the Ans. A derived unit is a unit of measurement that is
following is the smallest unit? obtained by combining base units, which are the
(a) Millimeter
(b) Angstrom fundamental units of measurement in a given
(c) Fermi (d) Metre system. In the International System of Units (SI),
Ans. c) Fermi there are seven base units, which are used to
express quantities such as length, mass, time,
B. VERY SHORT ANSWER TYPE electric current, temperature, amount of
1. What is meant by
measurement ? substance, and luminous intensity.
Ans. "Measurement implies comparison of a physical Derived units are created by combining these base
quantity with a standard unit to find out how units in different ways to express other
physical
many times the given standard is contained in quantities that are of interest in scientific and
the physical quantity." engineering contexts. For example, the unit of
Physics, like other branches of science requires speed (meters per second) is a derived unit, as it is
experimental study which involves measurement. obtained by dividing the unit of length
2. What do you understand by the term unit? by the unit of time (seconds). Similarly, the(meters)
unit of
force (newton) is a derived unit, as it is obtained
Ans. UNIT "is a standard quantity of the same kind
by multiplying the unit of mass (kilogram) by the
with which a physical quantity is compared for unit of acceleration (meters per second
measuring it." 9. Define standard metre.
squared).
In order to measure a physical quantity, a
standard is needed (which is acceptable Ans. Metre (m) is defined as "the distance travelled by
internationally). The standard should be some light in
1
th second.'"
convenient, definite and easily reproducible 299792458
quantity of the same kind in terms of which the 10. How is nanometre is related to Angstrom ?
physical quantity as a whole is expressed. This Ans. Inm = 10 ¢
standard is called a unit.
3. How is a physical quantity expressed? 11. Complete the following :
Ans. Aphysical quantity is typically expressed using (a) 1 light year = m

acombination of a numerical value and a unit (b) 1 m=..oososseos ¢

of measurement. (c) 1 m =.......... u (micron)
* Name the three fundamentalquantities. (d) 1 micron =
Ans. Three fundamental quantities are mass, length
(e) 1 fermi = m
and time.
 ARUNDEEP'S I.C.S.E. P
8
(b) Force = mass × acceleration
PHYSICS-X
Ans. (a) light vear - 9-46 x 1015
(b) lm= 1010 Á = mass x change in
velocity
time
(c) 1m= 10u(micron)
metres
(d) 1micron = 104 ¢ =kilogramme x
(e) 1fermi = 10-15m second

12. Complete the following: Derived unit of force is =kg mg-2

(a) 1 g =......g, (c) Work = force xdistance
(b) 1mg .....k. =masS X
change in velocity
(c) 1quintal ..... kg time
(d) 1a.m.u. (or u) .....kg = mass x acceleration x distance
Ans. (a) lg= 10 kg
metre
(b) 1mg = 10 kg =kilogramme x (second)? x(metre)
(c) 1quintal = 100 kg
Derived unit of work is = kg m² s-2
(d) 1a.m.u. (or u)= 1-66 x10-27 kg
13. What is a leap year ? force mass x acceleration
Ans. A year which has 366 days and in which the (d) Pressure =
area area

month of February has 29 days. metre

14. The year 2024 will have February of 29 days. Is - kilogramme x
(second)?
-(metre)?
this statement true?
Ans. Yes, the year 2024 is divisible by 4 and hence Derived unit of pressure is =kg m-1s-2
month February will have 29 days. 19. How are the following derived units related to
the fundamental units ?
15. What is a lunar month?
(a) newton (b) watt
Ans. Lunar month. "One lunar month is the time in
which the moon completes one revolution around (o) joule (d) pascal.
the earth." The period of revolution of moon Ans. (a) 1 newton =1 kg x 1 ms
around the earth is nearly 27-3 days. newton= kg ms-2
16. Complete the following:
(a) 1nano second = S. 1joule Inewton x Im
(b) 1watt =
(b) 1us = ...... S. ls

(c) 1 mean solar day = .....s. kg ms x Im

(d) 1 year = .......... S.
Is
Ans. (a) 1nano second = 10- s.
watt = kg m² s-3
(b) 1us= 10-6s.
(c) 1 joule =1newton x 1 metre
() 1 mean solar day = 86400s.
(d) 1 year = 3-1536x 10 s. =1kg x1 ms-² xIm
17. Name the physical quantities which are joule =kg m² s2
measured in the following units :
1newton 1kg x l ms
(a) u (b) ly (d) 1pascal lm?
(c) ns (d) nm
lm
Ans. (a) mass (b) distance (or length) pascal =kg m-ls-2
(c) time (d) length 20. Name the physical quantities related to the
18. Write the derived units of the following: following units:
(a) speed (b) force (a) km? (b)newton (c) joule
c) work (d) pressure (d) pascal (e) watt
distance metre Ans. (a) km2 area (b) newton force
Ans. (a) Speed = time second (c) joule energy (d) pascal - pressure
Derived unit of speed is ms-l (e) watt power
 MEASUREMENTS AND EXPERIMENTATION
C. SHORT ANSWER
TYPE
1. What are the 4. Name two units of length
three requirements for
unit of a physical which are bigger than
quantity ? selecting a a metre. How are they related
to the metre ?
Ans. Three
requirements for selecting a unit are
() The unit
Ans. Bigger units of length are :
should be reproducible. () Astronomical unit
(A.U.): The distance
() It should be between the earth and the sun is called
possible to define the
without ambiguity. A.U.
unit 1 A.U. = 1:5 x 101l m.
(üi) The value of
unit (i) Light year (ly): The distance travelled
space and time. should not change with in one year.
by light
2 What are
the
Name them fundamental units in S.I. system ? 1Light year = 9-46 x 1015.
along with their 5. Name the three convenient units
Ans. In S.I. there are symbols. used to measure
seven fundamental length ranging from very short to very long value.
supplementary units : units and two How are they related to the S.I. unit ?
(a) Fundamental units: Ans. Three units used to measure length
ranging from
[Link]. Physical quantity very short to very long are (a) micron (b) metre (c)
1 Mass
Name Symbol angstrom.
2. kilogramme kg Micron= lå mn =10- n ’ 1¢= 10-10 n
Length metre Relation
3 Time Im 1m = 106 micron = 1010 Ä
second 6. Name the S.I, unit of mass and
4
Temperature define it.
5.
kelvin K Ans. S.I. unit of mass is 'kilogramme.
Luminous intensity candela cd
6. Electric current Kilogramme is defined as "the mass of a
ampere A
platinum-iridium cylinder kept at the
7. Quantity of matter mole mol International Bureau of Weights and Measures at
(b) Supplementary units: Sevres near Paris, France."
7. State two units of mass
smaller than a
1. Plane Angle radian rad How are they related to the kilogram?kilogram.
2. Solid Angle steradian Sr
Ans. Smaller units of mass are (a)
gram (g)
(b) milligram (mg)
3. Explain the meaning of derived unit
with the help Relation with kg
of one example.
1 mg=10 kg or 1 kg =10 mg
Ans. Derived units. "Derived units are
those which 1g=10-3 kg or 1 kg =10° g
can be expressed in terms of fundamental units,'"
8. State two units of mass
Example. bigger than a kilogram.
Give their relationship with the
Force = mass x acceleration Ans. The bigger units of mass are kilogram.
(i) quintal and
(ii) metric tonne.
= mass x velocity Relation 1 quintal =100 kg
time 1metric tonne = 1000 kg
distance 1 quintal =100 kg
= masS X time 1metric tonne = 1000 kg 100x 10 =
time 10quintal.
9. Name the S.I. unit of time and define
it.
mass x distance Ans. S.I. unit of time is second (s).
(time)? Second. "A second is defined as
th part ofa
mean solar day." 86400
distance
time
mass xdistance Second may also be defined"as to be equal to the
= mass X
time (time)? duration ot 9,192,631,770 vibrations
corresponding to the transition between two
mass x length hyperfine levels of caesium - 133 atom in the
Force
(time)? ground state."
 10 ARUNDEEP'S I.C.S.E. PHYSICS-IXn
10.
Name tuvo units of time bigger than a second. 4. The wavelength of light is 589 nm.
Howare they related to the second ? wavelength in Å? What is its
Two bigger units of time are (a) Day (b) Year. Ans The wavelength of light = 589 nm
Relation 1Day - 86400 seconds We know, 1nm = 10 Á
1Year-31536 x 107 seconds.
589 nm=10 x 584 ¢ =5890 ¢
D. NUMERICALS:
5. The distance of the
nearest star,
1. The wavelength of light of a particular colour is Centauri, from the Earth is 4.0 × 1013 [Link]
5800A. Express it in (a)nanometre and (6) metre. it in light year. Express
Ans lÀ = 10-10 m Ans. Distance of Proxima Centauri from Farth
5800 = 5800 x 10-10 m
= 4.0 x 1013 km 1 light year
(a) Now 10-9 = 1nmn = 9.46 x 1012 km
58x 10-l0+2 Distance of Proxima Centauri in light year
(5800 >x 10-10 m) = nm
10-9

= 58 x 10-8 + 9 4× 1013
4.228
= 58 x 10 nm =580 nmn 9.46x 1o12

4.2 light year

(b) 1 nm = 10-9 =
10 6. It takes time 8 min for light to reach from the
sun to the earth surface. If speed of light is
580 nm= x 580 m
taken to be 3 x 10* ms-, find the distance from
10
580
the sun to the earth in kmn,
x 10- m
100 Ans. Distance in (8 x 60) Secs. = (3 x 10 x 8 x 60) m
= 5.8 x 10-7 m
2 The size of a bacteria is 1 u. Find the number of 3x 48× 10
bacteria in 1 m length. 1000
km
1
Ans. lå = 10-6 m = M
106 144x 10
= 1.44 x 109- 1
100× 10
In m has 1bacteria
106
= 1.44 x 108 km f 1.44 <3.2}
1m has 1 x 106= 106 bacteria
3. 100 x 108 km
The distance of a galaxy from the earth is
5.6 x 1025 m. Assuming the speed of light to be Order of magnitude = 108 km
3 × 108 m s-1, find the timne taken by light to travel 7. "The distance of a star from the earth is 8.33
this distance.
light minutes." What do you mean by this
Ans. The distance travelled by light = 5.6 x 1025 m statement ? Express the distance in metre.

Thespeed of light=3 x 108 ms-1 Ans. The distance of stars from earth is generally
distance travelled expressed in light years.
We know, Timne taken= 1light minute = 1.8 x 10 m
speed
The distance of a star from the earth is 8.33 light
5.6×1025 minutes.
Time taken = seconds
3× 108
8.33 light minutes = 8.33 x 1.8 x 10 m
= 1,866 x 1017s = 14.99 x 10 m
=1.87 x 1017s (:1.87 <3.2) = 1.5 x 1010 m