Modern Ultrasonic Transducers

Including Phenomenally High Sensitivity, High Frequency Non-Contact Transducers

Non-Destructive Analysis of Solids, Liquids, and Gases

Redefining the
limits of ultrasound
 WELCOME TO ULTRAN
Ultran is a team of scientists and skilled technicians that
works closely with our clients. Together we are dedicated
to high quality and cost-effective materials production and
applications through Ultrasonic Non-Destructive
Characterization. Ultran accomplishes this by focusing on
the heart of ultrasound: the transducer.

Long ago we realized that for ultrasound to rival other

wave-based methods, we had to first develop the field.
Proper acoustic characteristics are needed to achieve the
desired materials test objectives. Proper techniques are
essential to the test environment and the condition of a
material. These goals are possible only through
transducers with the right acoustics that perform under
given conditions of testing.

Twenty years of non-stop R&D in transducers and appli-

cations allows us to share Ultran’s milestones with you.

…a team of scientists, engineers, skilled technicians, and clients.

YEAR MILESTONE
1977 Unipolar λ-series transducers for extremely high resolution and spectroscopy.
1978 Dual damping mechanism for high signal-to-noise ratios.
1979 Optimum development of broad-band (W-series), medium-band (P-series), and narrow-band (K-series) transducers from
500kHz to 25MHz.
1980 Very High Frequency (M-series) transducers from 30MHz to ~200MHz. 0° shear wave propagation transducers from 250kHz
to 20MHz.
1983 Dry Coupling longitudinal and shear wave transducers from 250kHz to 25MHz. Introduction of air/gas propagation transducers
from 100kHz to 5MHz.
1985 & 1992 High Temperature transducers from 250kHz to 5MHz for operation >800°C.
1986 Introduction of Wideband Ultrasonic Spectroscopy.
1988 Very High Numerical Aperture transducers up to 150MHz.
1989 to present Very High Power transducers for biomedical and industrial applications from <500kHz to 100MHz. Introduction of transducer
libraries for materials characterization.
1993 Very Low Frequency transducers from 30kHz to 250kHz.
1995 to present Phenomenally High Air/Gas Transduction transducers from <100kHz to 10MHz for practical NON-CONTACT ULTRASOUND
mode for industrial and bio-medical applications.
1988 to present Guidance, education, and training for ultrasound users in industrial, medical, food, horticulture, construction and other fields.

Always labeled as being ahead of our time, we at Ultran continue to provide

innovative solutions to very complex problems.
TECHNICAL SERVICES
This is beneficial for establishing a strategy for assessing risk
factors and cultivating a problem-solving mode. R&D projects
include non-destructive characterization of special materials
and processes, novel transducer designs, and other diagnostic
or non-diagnostic uses of ultrasound.

We keep you up-to-date with the progress of your project. On

completion of a project we give you a technical report
describing objectives, techniques, observations, conclusions,
and recommendations. As you would expect, science and
technology transfer -- including education, training, and
consultancy -- becomes an extremely significant part of our
services.

…We are dedicated to exceeding

the expectations of our customers.

Ultran has achieved an authoritative position in the ultrasonic

industry by continually introducing innovative solutions to very
complex problems. This is the result of combining two critical
elements. The first element is Ultran’s inter-disciplinary team of
scientists and engineers in a comprehensive laboratory facility.
Equally important is a very close and confidential working
relationship with our customers.

Analytical & Feasibility Services

Ultran provides services for the ultrasonic nondestructive analysis

of materials and components. We are equipped to perform
analysis for defects, elastic and mechanical properties, micro-
structure, interfacial, dimensional imaging and other test
objectives. Each customer’s inquiry is evaluated on its own merit
and answered accordingly. We complete a project by providing a
technical report describing objectives, techniques, observations,
and results.

R&D Services & Transducer Prototyping

If your inquiry or problem requires in-depth analysis, new

techniques, or a prototype transducer device, then our focus is on
providing a practical solution by considering all operational factors.

A few of our special applications transducers

 Customers & Publications

Some Customers Some Publications

Westinghouse Our staff has authored or co-

Schlumberger-Doll authored several important papers
Bell Helicopter inspired by our novel advance-
ALCAN
ments in ultrasound. Here is a
BP America
Defelsko partial list.
Raytheon 1 Bhardwaj, M.C., "Principles and Methods of Ultrasonic 12 Kulkarni, N., Moudgil, B. and Bhardwaj, M., “Ultrasonic
Sofratest Characterization of Materials, " Adv. Cer. Mat., v. 1, n. Characterization of Green and Sintered Ceramics: II,
4 (1986). Frequency Domain,” Am. Cer. Soc., Cer. Bull, Vol. 73,
Institute of Paper Science & 2 Bhardwaj, M.C., "Fundamental Developments in No. 7, (1994).
Technology Ultrasonics for Advanced NDC," in Nondestructive 13 Bhardwaj, M.C., “Innovation in Non-Contact Ultrasonic
Testing of High Performance Ceramics, A. Vary, Analysis: Applications for Hidden Objects Detection,”
Sofratest, France Editor, Am. Cer. Soc., Westerville, OH (1987). Mat. Res. Innovat. (1997) 1:188-196.
NPL, UK 3 Bhardwaj, M.C., "Advances in Ultrasound for Materials 14 Jones, J.P, Lee, D, Bhardwaj, M., Vanderkam, V., and
Characterization," Ad. Cer. Mat., v. 2, Achauer, B,, “Non-Contact Ultrasonic Imaging for the
U.S. Air Force, Army, & Navy n. 3A (1987). Evaluation of Burn-Depth and for Other Biomedical
Penn State University 4 Brunk, J.A., Valenza, C.J., and Bhardwaj, M.C., Applications,” Acoust. Imaging, V. 23 (1997).
"Applications and Advantages of Dry Coupling 15 Bhardwaj, M.C., “Non-Contact Ultrasonic Character-
University of West Virginia Ultrasonic Transducers for Materials Characterization ization of Ceramics and Composites,” Proceedings
Virginia Polytechnic Institute & and Inspection," in Acousto-Ultrasonics, Theory and Am.Cer.Soc., V 89 (1998).
Applications, John C. Duke, Jr., Editor, Plenum Press, 16 T. Carneim, D.J. Green & M.C. Bhardwaj, “Non-
University New York (1988). Contact Ultrasonic Characterization of Green Bodies,”
Boeing 5 Bhardwaj, M.C., "Modern Ultrasonic Concepts of Cer. Bull., April 1999.
NDC," Ad. Mat. Processes, v. 5 (1989). 17 Bhardwaj, M.C., “High Transduction Piezoelectric
Katholieke Hogeschool, Belgium 6 Bhardwaj, M.C., "Simple Ultrasonic NDC for Advanced Transducers and Introduction to Non-Contact
Fraunhofer Institute, Germany Ceramics Development & Manufacture," in Advanced Analysis,” submitted to the Encyclopedia of Smart
Metal and Ceramic Composites, Bhagat, Clauer, Materials, ed. J.A. Harvey, John Wiley & Sons, New
Siemens Kumar, and Ritter, Editors, Minerals, Metals, and York (1999).
Corning Materials Society, Warrendale, PA (1990).
7 Bhardwaj, M.C., "High-Resolution Ultrasonic
General Electric Nondestructive Characterization," Cer. Bull.,
Hitachi
KAIST, Korea
v. 69, n. 9, (1990).
8 Bhardwaj, M.C. and Bhalla, A., "Ultrasonic
Characterization of Ceramic Superconductors,"
ultran
Thiokol Propulsion J. Mat. Sci. Lett., v. 10 (1991).
9 Bhardwaj, M.C. and Trippett, K., “Nondestructive
NASA Characterization of Green and Sintered Ceramics,”
Lockheed-Martin Proceedings of the First International Symposium of
Engineering Ceramics, eds.
Weyerhaeuser
DOW Chemical
S. Kimura and K. Niihara, Koda, Aichi-Prefecture,
Japan, October 21-25, 1991, The Ceramic Society of
ultran laboratories, inc.
Johns Hopkins University Japan. 1020 E. Boal Avenue
10 Bhardwaj, M.C., “Evolution, Practical Concepts and
University of Penn Examples of Ultrasonic NDC,” Ceramic Monographs, Boalsburg, PA 16827 USA
Supplements to Interceram 41 (1992) [7/8] #4.5 and 42
Smithkline-Beecham (1993) [1] #4.5 - Handbook of Ceramics, Verlag
Marion Composites Schmidt GmbH, Freiburg, Germany. phone: 814.466.6200
11 Kulkarni, N., Moudgil, B. and Bhardwaj, M., “Ultrasonic
Electricite du France Characterization of Green and Sintered Ceramics: I, fax: 814.466.6847
Babcock & Wilcox Time Domain,” Am. Cer. Soc., Cer. Bull, Vol. 73, No. 6,
email: [email protected]
(1994).
Framatome
web: www.ultranlabs.com
CISE, Italy
EXXON
MTC-99 © Ultran Laboratories, Inc. USA
 Modern Ultrasonic Transducers
Including Phenomenally
High Sensitivity and High Frequency
Non-Contact Transducers

Table of Contents page

1. Introduction to Ultrasound, Ultran, and Services 6

“Ultran’s transducers played a crucial role in our 2. Acoustic Parameters of a Transducer 7

ability to characterize factors influencing directional 3. Geometrical Parameters of a Transducer 8
moduli in the films.”
4. Acoustic Series of Ultran Transducers 9
Charles A. Nielson, Senior Sensor Specialist 5. Transducer Acoustics Characterization Reports 14
Dow Chemical U.S.A.
6. Transducer Selection Guide and Ordering Information 15
“In many instances we discussed at length my 7. Standard Miniature Contact Transducers 16
problems and you were extremely free with your
advice and comments, which I recognized as having 8. Standard Grip Contact Transducers 16
deep foundations in both theory and practical 9. Standard Delayed Contact Transducers 17
experience.”
10. Standard Anglebeam/Shearwave Transducers 18
Julius Frankel, Senior Scientist 11. Dry Coupling Direct Contact Transducers 19
U.S. Department of Army
12. λ-Series Direct Contact Transducers 19
“The help which Ultran provided for atherosclerotic 13. λ-Series Delayed Contact Transducers 20
plaque dissolution and to me is very typical of the
work and support they give to their many clients and 14. λ-Series Anglebeam/Shearwave Transducers 20
friends. It would be difficult to imagine a client not 15. Very Short Pulse (VSP) Transducers 21
becoming Ultran’s friend.”
16. Very Low Frequency (VLF) Direct Contact Transducers 21
Joie P. Jones, Professor 17. VLF Delayed Contact Transducers 22
Department of Radiology, UC, Irvine, CA
18. High Temperature Direct Contact Transducers 22
“Ultran has routinely been contacted by my office 19. High Temperature Delayed Contact Transducers 23
for support and consultations. Rarely have I had the
opportunity to work with individuals like those of 20. 0° Shear Wave Incident Direct Contact Transducers 23
Ultran. Their goals, expectations of themselves, and 21. 0° Shear Wave Incident Delayed Contact Transducers 24
high standards for delivering a quality product have
always exceeded what is anticipated.” 22. 0° Shear Wave Incident VHF Transducers 24
23. Standard Immersion Transducers 25
Paul Karner, Former Principal Engineer
Thiokol Propulsion 24. λ-Series Immersion Transducers 26
25. VHF Focused Immersion Transducers 27
“I especially admire Mahesh for his entrepreneuer-
ship in building a company, namely Ultran 26. VLF Immersion Transducers 27
Laboratories, Inc., based on his own excellent
27. Non-Contact Transducers 28
research and in part on the needs of NASA and
aerospace industry.” 28. Special Applications & Transducer Prototyping 28
29 Co-axial Cables 28
Alex Vary, retired Chief NDE Branch
NASA Lewis 30. Introduction to Ultrasonic Non-Contact Analyzer, 29
the NCA 1000 System

MTC-99
 6
1. INTRODUCTION TO ULTRASOUND, ULTRAN’S TRANSDUCERS & SERVICES

1.1 Introduction to Ultrasound

It is now well established that by propagating ultrasound in a means to determine mechanical properties, microstructure,
given medium, useful information about the medium can be imaging, & microscopy, is portable, and is cost-effective.
generated by analyzing the transmitted signals. This is Furthermore, ultrasound is applicable to all states of matter,
analogous to all other methods of characterization and with the exceptions of plasma and vacuum. Propagation of
analysis also founded upon wave-material interaction ultrasound in a medium is not affected by its optical opacity.
phenomena. These are: Optics, X-ray, IR, Raman
Spectroscopy, NMR, neutron, γ-ray, mass spectrometry, etc. The following table provides a comprehensive introduction to
Ultrasound differs from these methods because it does not ultrasound measurements and to the information revealed
require sample preparation, is non-hazardous, provides the either directly or through correlation:

MEASUREMENT CATEGORY MEASURED PARAMETERS APPLICATIONS

Time Domain Times-of-Flight and Velocities of Longitudinal, Density, Thickness, Defect Detection,
Shear, and Surface Waves Elastic and Mechanical Properties,
Interface Analysis, Anisotropy,
Proximity & Dimensional Analysis,
Robotics, Remote Sensing, etc.
Attenuation Domain Fluctuations in Reflected and Transmitted Defect Characterization, Surface and
Signals at a Given Frequency and Beam Size Internal Microstructure, Interface
Analysis, etc.
Frequency Domain Frequency-Dependence of Ultrasound Microstructure, Grain Size, Grain
Attenuation, or Ultrasonic Spectroscopy Boundary Relationships, Porosity,
Surface Characterization, Phase
Analysis, etc.
Image Domain Time-of-Flight, Velocity, and Attenuation Surface and Internal Imaging of
Mapping as Functions of Discrete Point Defects, Microstructure, Density,
Analysis by Raster C-Scanning or Synthetic Velocity, Mechanical Properties, True
Aperture Techniques 2-D and 3-D Imaging.

1.2 Acoustics of Ultran’s Transducers & their Classification

This catalog describes a wide variety of transducers spanning Our transducers are classified according to well-known
a frequency range from <50kHz to ~200MHz for longitudinal, physical styles: contact, immersion, delay line, etc. We have
shear, and surface wave measurements. We have provided also decided to categorize them since we have added several
graphical analysis of our transducers to help you make the new transducer types such as dry coupling, air/gas
selection best for your applications. We strongly suggest that propagation, non-contact, 0° shear wave, very short pulse,
you familiarize yourself with the acoustics series described in very high & very low frequency, high temperature, etc.
section 4 of this catalog. Since the acoustics of a transducer
are the most critical part of ultrasound, we cannot All attempts have been made to keep such classifications and
overestimate their significance for your materials analysis terminology simple. If you need any assistance, please
objectives. If you are not sure about the suitability of acoustics contact our technical services department.
to your needs, please feel free to consult with Ultran.

1.3Physical Transducer Styles

After you have determined the acoustic series that is right for coupling, high temperature, etc. If your application demands
your application, you will need to select the most suitable its own unique transducer style, we will create it. Especially
physical transducer style. Ultran has any design you want – for you!
straight or delayed contact, immersion, oblique beam, dry

1.4Precision Craftsmanship

Ultran has strict in-house quality control standards which result specially designed acoustically passive materials. Combined
in flawless transducers for non-destructive materials with our unique transducer-making technology, these features
characteri-zation applications. Each transducer features produce an optimum response from all our acoustic series. Our
perfect alignment of acoustic and geometric axes and is manufacturing “fussiness” offers you the ultimate in transducer
encased in its own optimally shaped and sized housing with reproducibility, whether your quantities are small or large.
 7

ELEMENTS OF A PIEZOELECTRIC
Coaxial Connector TRANSDUCER
Electrical
Transducer Housing Connection A transducer can be as simple as a piezoelectric
disc with leads attached to both faces.
Pulse Control/ Bond
Damping Material Layers Or, it can be a complex device intended to
evaluate a number of materials and interfaces. In
Encapsulation conjunction with the testing environment and a
Noise Control Material Protective/ material’s physical condition, a transducer device
Impedance must be characterized by proper acoustics and
Piezoelectric Material Matched mechanical construction. Therefore, the design of
Face a modern transducer requires a knowledge of
ULTRASOUND PROPAGATION materials and the associated physics.
AND MODE OF VIBRATION
Ultran’s years of experience have led to the
evolution of an array of transducer designs
suitable for a vast number of materials and test
conditions.

1.5Customer Service

When you deal with Ultran, you are much more than a client. If you know what you need, it will be simple for you to order
You are a partner. Our relationship with you underscores the from this catalog. If you are not sure, we invite you to
fact that you may be testing something critical to human life. challenge us. Whether you are looking for a transducer or for
Therefore, we create our products as if OUR lives also the solution of a problem, our experts will give you forthright
depended upon them. straight answers. You come to us for extraordinary standards.
And we deliver. Ask anyone who has worked with us.

2. ACOUSTIC PARAMETERS OF A TRANSDUCER

Acoustic parameters of a transducer are described in the following table:

ACOUSTIC PARAMETER DEFINITION

Nominal Frequency (F) This is identified on the transducer housing.

Peak Frequency (PF) This is the highest frequency response measured from the frequency spectrum.
Bandwidth Center Frequency (BCF) This is an average of the lowest and highest points at a –6dB level of the frequency
spectrum.
Bandwidth (BW) This is the difference between the highest and lowest frequencies at a –6dB level of
the frequency spectrum, also identified as the % of BCF or of PF.
Pulse Width (PW) This is the time duration of the time domain envelope that is 20dB above the rising
and decaying cycles of a transducer response.
Sensitivity (S) S (dB) = -20 Log Vx/V0, where V0 is the excitation pulse in volts, and Vx is the
received signal in volts. Sensitivity, also known as loop sensitivity or loop gain, is the
function of the medium in which the test is performed.
Signal to Noise Ratio (SNR) SNR (dB) = 20 Log V x/Vn, where Vx is the received signal amplitude in volts, and Vn is
the noise floor in volts. SNR is determined without signal processing. SNR
measured in this manner also includes the noise associated with measuring
instruments, cables, etc.

Acoustic parameters are measured by characterizing the similar instrument excites the transducer and amplifies the
reflected or transmitted ultrasound from a designated target or signal.
a reference medium. A specified pulser-receiver, toneburst or
 8

TRANSDUCER CHARACTERIZATION SCHEME

EXCITATION Water Immersion Example

SOURCE
TRANSDUCER
A transducer is also characterized by using hard, soft, or gaseous
reference media depending upon its design and its intended applications –
RECEIVER/ see section 5. The characterized information is significant for a user and
AMPLIFIER
MEASUREMENT for transducer producibility.
OSCILLOSCOPE

Example of Measured Acoustic Characteristics

FREQUENCY
TIME DOMAIN
DOMAIN For Frequency &
For Pulse Width, Bandwidth
Sensitivity, SNR
PF: None.
PW: 40ns. BCF @ -6dB: 19MHz
S: -45dB. BW @-6dB: 26MHz
SNR: 36dB

3 GEOMETRICAL PARAMETERS OF A TRANSDUCER

Geometrical parameters describe acoustic pressure variations a fixed target or a receiving point hydrophone in a specified
in the axial and cross-sectional fields of a transducer. These medium of ultrasound propagation. Geometrical
parameters are generally produced by monitoring the characteristics of a transducer are normally determined with
reflected or transmitted signals from the lateral and axial water as a reference medium. An illustration of this is shown
motion of the transducer. Monitoring signals are functions of below.

Example of Measured Geometrical Parameters

Axial beam profile in the direction of ultrasound propagation. For Cross-sectional beam profile perpendicular to the direction of
distance-amplitude relationships and for field symmetry. ultrasound propagation. For field symmetry and dimensions.
 9
4. ACOUSTIC SERIES OF ULTRAN’S TRANSDUCERS

Ultran has perfected the art of ultrasonic transducers in order transducer limitations. Long ago we created the shortest pulse
to improve the reliability of your materials testing and the and the broadest bandwidth λ-series transducers for high
accuracy of ultrasonic measurements. We achieved this by resolution and detectability. Then we produced the dry
creating a number of possibilities based upon suitable coupling mode for characterizing green and other liquid-
combinations of frequencies, pulse widths, sensitivities, and sensitive materials. We were frequently labeled as being “well
acoustic impedance matching. These result from our ahead of our time.” In this section we provide details of our
expertise in materials science, electro-mechanical and wave- transducers according to their acoustic characteristics.
material interaction phenomena. We use a vast number of
modern piezoelectric materials (Lead Meta-Niobates, Lead Ultran’s transducers are classified according to acoustic series
Zirconate-Lead Titanates, Lithium Niobates, Polycrystalline which define a specific combination of frequency ranges,
and Single Crystal Composites) in conjunction with our bandwidths, pulse widths, and sensitivities. Ultran’s acoustic
proprietary or patented transducer-making techniques. series are the heart of our transducer know-how. You can
choose a specific series that you consider optimum for the
It may be of interest to note that a majority of our transducer performance of your materials testing requirements. If you
designs were inspired by simple curiosity and a firm need any assistance, please contact Ultran’s technical
determination to advance ultrasound to new heights. We services department.
simply refused to tolerate the status quo that accepted

4.1Standard W and K Series (based upon PMN and PZT): For a majority of applications

ACOUSTIC SERIES AVAILABLE BANDWIDTH PULSE WIDTH SENSITIVITY/ GENERAL

FREQUENCY RANGE (% of BCF (Periods) SNR* APPLICATIONS
@-6dB)
W <100kHz to >25MHz 50 to 100 1 to 2 -36dB/ 40dB Velocity, high resolution,
defect detection, imaging,
etc.
K <100kHz to 20MHz ~30 to 40 2 to >4 -24dB/ 40dB Very high sensitivity,
attenuative & deep
*Approximate and materials penetration
subjective

Examples of Typical W & K Series Acoustics

W-SERIES K-SERIES
Transducer: 5MHz, Transducer: 5MHz,
12.5mm Active Diameter 12.5mm Active Diameter
PF: 4.4MHz PF: 5.4MHz
BCF: 4.5MHz BCF: 5.1MHz,
BW: 4.3MHz, S: -34dB, BW: 3.2MHz, S: -26dB,
SNR: 40dB SNR: 40dB

4.2Z-Series (based upon piezoelectric composites): For high sensitivity and high resolution

ACOUSTIC SERIES AVAILABLE BANDWIDTH PULSE WIDTH SENSITIVITY/ GENERAL APPLICATIONS

FREQUENCY RANGE (% of BCF (Periods) SNR*
@-6dB)
Z 0.25MHz to 10MHz 50 to 100 1 to 2 -28dB/ 40dB Velocity, high resolution,
defect detection, imaging,
and high sensitivity for
*Approximate and attenuative and deep
subjective material penetration
 10
Examples of Typical Z Series Acoustics: For high resolution and sensitivity.

Z-SERIES. Transducer: 1MHz, Z-SERIES. Transducer: 2MHz, Z-SERIES. Transducer: 5MHz,

12.5mm Active Diameter. 12.5mm Active Diameter. 12.5mm Active Diameter.
PF: 1.05MHz, BCF: 0.98MHz, PF: 2.1MHz, BCF: 2.0MHz, BW: PF: 5.6MHz, BCF: 4.8MHz, BW:
BW: 1.1MHz, S: -24dB, SNR: 2.5MHz, S: -24dB, SNR: 40dB 5.4MHz, S: -28dB, SNR: 40dB
40dB

4.3 and VSP Series (based upon PMN and LiNbO3): For extremely high resolution, detectability, and spectroscopy.

ACOUSTIC SERIES AVAILABLE BANDWIDTH PULSE WIDTH SENSITIVITY/ GENERAL

FREQUENCY RANGE (% of BCF (Periods*) SNR* APPLICATIONS
@-6dB)

λ (Planar) 1MHz to >15MHz 100 to 150 1 to 1.5 -40dB/ 40dB Velocity, high
resolution, defect
detection, imaging,
spectroscopy
λ (Focused) 1MHz to >15MHz 100 to 300 0.5 to 1* -40dB/ 40dB Extremely high
detectability &
resolution
VSP --Special Very 15 to 100MHz 100 to 150 1 to 1.5 -46dB/ 34dB Extremely high
Short Pulse resolution,
*For focused spectroscopy, very thin
transducers with beam and multi-layered
size a wavelength, materials
then 0.5 period can be *Approximate and
expected. subjective

Examples of Typical Series Acoustics

λ-SERIES (Focused)
λ-SERIES (Planar) Transducer:
Transducer: 5MHz, 12.5mm Diameter,
5MHz, 12.5mm Diameter 51mm point focus
*PW: 160ns, S: -40dB,
BCF: 5.0MHz, BW: SNR: 32dB
6.1MHz, PW: 200ns, *Half Period when
S: -36dB, SNR: 40dB. Beam Size 1 .
 11
Examples of Typical VSP Series Acoustics

VSP-50 VSP-20 VSP-10

Transducer: 15MHz, 4.7mm Active Transducer: 50MHz, 4.7mm Active Transducer: 100MHz, 4.7mm Active
Diameter. Diameter. Diameter.
BCF: 17MHz, BW: 23MHz, BCF: 45MHz, BW: 55MHz, BCF: 80MHz, BW: 100MHz,
PW: 48ns, S: -45dB, SNR: 30dB. PW: 22ns, S: -50dB, SNR: 30dB. PW: 11ns, S: -50dB, SNR: 30dB.

4.4M-Series (based upon LiNbO 3): For very high frequency applications

ACOUSTIC SERIES AVAILABLE BANDWIDTH PULSE WIDTH SENSITIVITY/ GENERAL

FREQUENCY RANGE (% of BCF (Periods) SNR* APPLICATIONS
@-6dB)

M 30MHz to ~200MHz >50 2 to 3 -50dB/ 30dB Velocity, high resolution,

defect detection,
*Approximate and microscopy, imaging,
subjective spectroscopy

Examples of Typical M-Series Acoustics

M-Series M-Series
Transducer: 50MHz, Transducer: 100MHz,
4.7mm =Diameter 4.7mm Diameter
PF: 50.5MHz, BCF: PF: 100.5MHz, BCF:
51MHz, BW: 35MHz, 105MHz, BW: 50MHz,
S: -45dB, SNR: 30dB. S: -50dB, SNR: 30dB.

4.5VLF-Series (based upon multiple piezoelectric materials): For very low frequency applications

ACOUSTIC SERIES AVAILABLE BANDWIDTH PULSE WIDTH SENSITIVITY/ GENERAL

FREQUENCY RANGE (% of BCF (Periods) SNR* APPLICATIONS
@-6dB)

VLF <50kHz – 250kHz 30 to 70 2 to 6 -24dB/ 32dB Velocity, defects,

attenuative and very deep
*Approximate and material penetration.
subjective
 12
Examples of Typical VLF Series Acoustics

VLF-Series VLF-Series
Transducer: 125kHz, Transducer: 200kHz,
50mm Diameter 50mm Diameter
PF: 125kHz, BCF: PF: 180kHz, BCF:
110kHz, BW: ~75kHz, 190kHz, BW: 150kHz,
S: -24dB, SNR: 32dB S: -22dB, SNR: 40dB

4.6HT-Series (based upon PMN): For high temperature applications

ACOUSTIC SERIES AVAILABLE BANDWIDTH PULSE WIDTH SENSITIVITY/ CONTINUOUS

FREQUENCY RANGE (% of BCF (Periods) SNR* TEMPERATURE
@ -6dB) OPERATION

HTC (Direct Contact) <500kHz to 5MHz 30 to 50 3 to 6 -50/20 ~300°C

HTD (Delayed Contact) <500kHz to 5MHz 40 to 70 2 to 4 -30/30 >600°C

*Approximate and
subjective

Examples of typical HT-Series Acoustics

HTC-Series HTD-Series
Transducer: Transducer:
2MHz, 6.3mm 3.5MHz, 12.5mm
Diameter @ 250°C. Diameter @ 600°C.
PF: 2.3MHz, BCF: PF: 3.5MHz, BCF:
2.3MHz, BW: 3.4MHz, BW:
0.5MHz, S: -58dB, 1.9MHz, S: -50dB,
SNR: 20dB SNR: 30dB

4.7S-SERIES (based upon LiNbO 3): For 0° shear wave measurement applications

ACOUSTIC SERIES* AVAILABLE BANDWIDTH PULSE WIDTH SENSITIVITY/ GENERAL

FREQUENCY RANGE (% of BCF@ (Periods) SNR* APPLICATIONS
-6dB)

S <500kHz to 100MHz 40 to 80 2 to 4 -40dB/ 30dB Shear wave velocity,

shearography,
*Shear vibration is in the anisotropy, and
horizontal plane of the mechanical properties
transducer. Its direction
of vibration is marked on *Approximate and
the housing. subjective
 13
Examples of Typical 0° Shear Wave S-Series Acoustics

S-Wave 2MHz S-Wave 40MHz

Transducer: Transducer:
2MHz, 12.5mm 40MHz, 3.2mm
Diameter Diameter
BCF: 2.1MHz, BW: PF: 41MHz, BCF:
1.95Hz, S: -40dB, 40MHz, S: -19dB,
SNR: 30dB SNR: 44dB

4.8 NCT-Series (based upon multiple piezoelectric materials): For non-contact applications. Please see sections 27 and
30 for more details.

ACOUSTIC SERIES AVAILABLE BANDWIDTH PULSE WIDTH SENSITIVITY/ GENERAL

FREQUENCY RANGE (% of BCF (Periods) SNR* APPLICATIONS
@-6dB)

NCT <100kHz to 5MHz 40 to >80% 1 to 5 -40dB/30dB Liquid and contact

sensitive, continuously
rolled materials, proximity
*Approximate and and dimensional analysis,
subjective etc.

Examples of Non-Contact NCT-Series

NCT-Series 1MHz NCT-Series 2MHz NCT-Series 3MHz

Transmission Mode, T-R Separated by Transmission Mode, T-R Separated by Transmission Mode, T-R Separated by
10mm ambient air. 10mm ambient air. 10mm ambient air.
Active Diameter: 25mm, BCF: 0.93MHz, Active Diameter: 12.5mm, BCF: Active Diameter: 12.5mm, BCF:
BW: 0.4MHz, S: -52dB, 1.9MHz, BW: 1.2MHz, S: -58dB 2.6MHz, BW: 2.0MHz, S: -62dB,
SNR: 40dB. SNR: 32dB. SNR: 26dB.
 14
5. TRANSDUCER ACOUSTIC CHARACTERIZATION REPORTS

A comprehensive acoustic characterization report include information such as customer-specified frequency,

accompanies each Ultran transducer. This report consists of dimensions, co-axial connections, direction of wave
the transducer catalog number, serial number, nominal propagation or vibration, and other significant information. A
acoustic and dimensional characteristics, method of analysis, typical example of Ultran’s acoustic characterization report is
excitation, amplification, oscilloscope settings, analyzed illustrated below. These reports are provided at no extra cost
parameters, and special instructions. Special instructions with each ordered transducer.

Model # ZD50-2* Frequency: 2.0MHz Serial # 220,498 Customer/PO: ATK, Inc.

Active area: 12.5mm diameter Cable: 1.0m RG174/u Other:

TEST METHOD
Contact Immersion Angle/Shear Dual Transmission Other

Test Material: 31mm Polystyrene. Reference Signal: Bottom Surface Reflection

INSTRUMENTS & SETTINGS

Pulser/Receiver: Oscilloscope FFT SPECTRUM

Volts: ~100 (-ve spike) Gain: 22dB VS: 200mv/D VS: 10dB/d
Pulse Width: LOW Attn: HS: 1µs/D HS: 1.25MHz/d
Damping: ~500Ω_ Bandwidth: 1kHZ-35MHz Other

OBSERVATIONS &
RESULTS
Peak Frequency: Bandwidth Center
2.5MHz Frequency: 2.3MHz

Bandwidth @ -6dB: Pulse Width @ maximum

2.55MHz points: 450ns

Sensitivity: -32dB Focal Length in

WATER/AIR:

Other Characteristics:

*Special Observations/Instructions: DRY

COUPLING. Please do not rub or abrade the

ANALYST: nsb DATE: July 4, 1999

 15
6. TRANSDUCER SELECTION GUIDE*

We cannot overestimate the suitability of a transducer for a materials testing. It also depends upon the mode by which
given application. The transducer is the heart of your you can physically couple the transducer to your test material.
application. Its selection depends upon the composition, The following table provides a general guideline for transducer
texture, micro-structure, shape and the objectives of your selection.

SELECTION OF FREQUENCY SELECTION OF MODE OF SELECTION OF

SELECTION OF COUPLING TRANSDUCER
ACOUSTICS SERIES PHYSICAL STYLE
Will depend upon the material Will depend upon the material Will depend upon the material Will depend upon the
composition and test objectives. composition, micro-structure, and composition and the desired material shape, size, and
For example: texture. For example: contact with material. For example: test objectives. For
example:
For high resolution, use W-Series For super hard, dense, fine-grain For impervious and liquid-
ceramics, metals and composites, resistant materials, use standard For thick materials, use
For general purpose, high from 10MHz to >100MHz couplant or water immersion direct contact
sensitivity and thick materials, use coupling
K-Series For non-porous, dense, and For thin materials and
medium-grain ceramics, metals, For porous, green, fragile, and thickness gauging, use
For high resolution and high polymers, composites, and liquids, liquid-sensitive materials, use dry delay line contact
sensitivity needs, use Z-Series from 1 to 15MHz coupling or non-contact
For C-scanning and
For very high resolution and For coarse-grain attenuative For continuous testing of imaging, use focused
spectroscopy, use λ-Series ceramics, construction, cellular impervious and liquid-resistant water immersion
and other materials, from <100kHz materials, use water (or other
For extremely high resolution and to 5MHz liquids) immersion For high temperature
detectability, use M-Series materials, use high
For air/gas propagation, from For continuously rolled, liquid- temperature-resistant
For highly attenuative media, use <50kHz to 10MHz sensitive, and other like transducers
VLF series applications, use non-contact
transducers For shear wave
For shear wave measurements, measurements, use 0°
use S-Series shear wave transducers

*This is a general guideline for transducer selection. Unique applications may require specific please consult Ultran’s technical services department.
combinations of acoustics, mode of transducer coupling, and style. If you need assistance,

ORDERING INFORMATION

Sections 7 through 27 of this catalog provide specifications or a solution to a specific problem, we suggest you contact
and ordering information for a variety of ultrasonic transducers Ultran’s technical services department.
in direct and delayed contact, immersion, and anglebeam
types. These transducers are suitably classified according to For pricing, delivery, and terms of sales, please contact
Ultran’s well-known W (broadband), K (high sensitivity and Ultran’s sales department or ask for a price list.
medium bandwidth), Z (broadband and high sensitivity), λ
(extremely broadband and short pulse), and S (0° shear wave You can reach us by these means:
incidence) acoustic series. We have also included a number
of our other major transducer developments in this catalog. Toll Free: 800.226.1700
These are: Very Short Pulse (VSP), Very High Frequency Phone: 814.466.6200
(VHF), Very Low Frequency (VLF), High Temperature (HT), Fax: 814.466.6847
and Non-Contact Transducers (NCT.) You may order any Email: [email protected]
transducer you need. If you require custom made transducers Web: www.ultranlabs.com
 16
7. STANDARD MINIATURE CONTACT TRANSDUCERS: <500kHz to 25MHz. Featuring a hard protective face.
Please see section 4.1 for W and K Acoustic Series Details

Standard DIMENSIONS TRANSDUCER ACTIVE DIAMETER (mm)

Microdot (mm)
ULTRAN 3.2 4.7 6.3 9.5 12.5 19.0
DIRECT
CONTACT Stainless A 12.5 12.5 12.5 12.5 16.0 16.0
TRANSDUCER Steel
Housing
B 6.3 7.8 9.6 13.5 17.8 25.0
Hard Face

CATALOG NUMBER CATALOG NUMBER FREQUENCY ACTIVE DIAMETER STANDARD MINIATURE

W-Series K-Series (MHz) (mm) CONTACT TRANSDUCERS

WC50-0.5 0.5 12.5 These are supplied with a

WC75-0.5 KC75-0.5 19.0 side-mounted standard
WC50-1 KC50-1 1.0 12.5 microdot co-axial connector.
WC75-1 KC75-1 19.0
WC25-2 KC25-2 2.2 6.3 For all other dimensions,
WC50-2 KC50-2 12.5 frequency, connector and
special needs, please contact
WC75-2 KC75-2 19.0
Ultran.
WC25-5 KC25-5 5.0 6.3
WC37-5 KC37-5 9.5
All transducers are furnished
WC50-5 KC50-5 12.5
with acoustic characterization
WC75-5 KC75-5 19.0
reports at no extra charge.
WC12-10 KC12-10 10.0 3.2
WC18-10 KC18-10 4.7
WC25-10 KC25-10 6.3
WC37-10 KC37-10 9.5
WC50-10 KC50-10 12.5
WC12-15 KC12-15 15.0 3.2
WC25-15 KC25-15 6.3
WC12-20 KC12-20 20.0 6.3

8. STANDARD GRIP CONTACT TRANSDUCERS: <500kHz to 10MHz. Featuring a plastic grip and a hard protective face.
Please see section 4.1 for W and K Acoustic Series Details.

DIMENSIONS TRANSDUCER ACTIVE DIAMETER (mm)

ULTRAN Standard (mm)
GRIP BNC 12.5 19.0 25.0 28.5 38.0 50.0
CONTACT
TRANSDUCER A 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0
Plastic
Grip
B 22.2 28.6 35.0 38.1 47.6 60.3

CATALOG NUMBER CATALOG NUMBER FREQUENCY ACTIVE DIAMETER STANDARD GRIP CONTACT
W-Series K-Series (MHz) (mm) TRANSDUCERS

WN100-0.5 KN100-0.5 0.5 25.0 These are supplied with a side-

WN50-1 KN50-1 1.0 12.5 mounted standard BNC co-axial
WN75-1 KN75-1 19.0 connector.
WN100-1 KN100-1 25.0
For all other dimensions, frequency,
WN50-2 KN50-2 2.2 12.5
connector, and special needs, please
WN75-2 KN75-2 19.0
contact Ultran.
WN100-2 KN100-2 25.0
WN50-5 KN50-5 5.0 12.5
All transducers are furnished with
WN75-5 KN75-5 19.0
acoustic characterization reports at no
WN50-10 KN50-10 10.0 12.5 extra charge.
 17
9. STANDARD DELAYED CONTACT TRANSDUCERS: <1MHz to 25MHz.
Please see sections 4.1 and 4.2 for W and Z Acoustic Series Details

Standard DIMENSIONS TRANSDUCER ACTIVE DIAMETER

Microdot (mm) (mm)
B Active
Transducer 3.2 4.7 6.3 9.5 12.5 19.0 25.0
A
B A
A* 22.0 22.0 22.0 24.0 37.0 40.0 55.0
Delay
Line Retaining
Ring B 6.3 9.5 9.5 12.5 16.0 23.8 32.0
Replaceable Fixed Delay
Delay Type Type *Approximate

CATALOG # CATALOG # CATALOG # CATALOG # FREQUENCY ACTIVE ROUND-TRIP

Replaceable Delay1 Fixed Delay2 Replaceable Delay1 Fixed Delay2 (MHz) DIAMETER DELAY TIME ( s)
W-Series W-Series Z-Series Z-Series (mm)

WRD50-1 WFD50-1 ZRD50-1 ZFD50-1 1.0 12.5 17

WRD75-1 WFD75-1 ZRD75-1 ZFD75-1 19.0 17
WRD100-1 WFD100-1 ZRD100-1 ZFD100-1 25.0 17
WRD25-2 WFD25-2 ZRD25-2 ZFD25-2 2.2 6.3 7
WRD37-2 WFD37-2 ZRD37-2 ZFD37-2 9.5 7
WRD50-2 WFD50-2 ZRD50-2 ZFD50-2 12.5 17
WRD75-2 WFD75-2 ZRD75-2 ZFD75-2 19.0 17
WRD25-5 WFD25-5 ZRD25-5 ZFD25-5 5.0 6.3 7
WRD37-5 WFD37-5 ZRD37-5 ZFD37-5 9.5 7
WRD50-5 WFD50-5 ZRD50-5 ZFD50-5 12.5 17
WRD25-10 WFD25-10 ZRD25-10 ZFD25-10 10.0 6.3 7
WRD37-10 WFD37-10 ZRD37-10 ZFD37-10 9.5 7
WRD50-10 WFD50-10 ZRD50-10 ZFD50-10 12.5 17
WRD12-15 WFD12-15 15.0 3.2 7
WRD18-15 WFD18-15 4.7 7
WRD25-15 WFD25-15 6.3 7
WRD12-20 WFD12-20 20.0 3.2 7
WRD18-20 WFD18-20 4.7 7
WRD12-25 WFD12-25 25 3.2 7
WRD18-25 WFD18-25 4.7 7

1
Replaceable delay line transducers are supplied with a side-mounted standard microdot co-axial connector. These transducers come as a kit
containing the main transducer, standard delay line, and delay retaining ring. Replaceable delay line transducers can be used with your choice of
delay lines such as STANDARD, HIGH TEMPERATURE (300°C), or DRY COUPLING. Please see section 9.1 for details.
2
Fixed delay line transducers are supplied with a top-mounted standard microdot co-axial connector.

9.1Delay Lines for Replaceable Delay Line Transducers. Classified according to the transducer’s active diameter

CATALOG NUMBER CATALOG NUMBER CATALOG NUMBER SUITABLE FOR

Standard Delay High Temp. Delay Dry Coupling Delay* ACTIVE DIAMETER
(mm)

DL12 HDL12 DCD12 3.2

DL18 HDL18 DCD18 4.5
DL25 HDL25 DCD25 6.4
DL37 HDL37 DCD37 9.5
DL50 HDL50 DCD50 12.5
DL75 HDL75 DCD75 19.0

*Dry coupling delay lines cannot be rubbed or abraded on test materials. For other dimensions, please contact Ultran.
 18
10.STANDARD ANGLEBEAM/SHEARWAVE TRANSDUCERS: <500kHz to 10MHz. Offered with screw-on replaceable
refraction wedges. Please see section 4.1 for W and K Acoustic Series Details.

DIMENSIONS TRANSDUCER ACTIVE DIAMETER

(mm) (mm)

6.3 9.5 12.5 19.0

B
A* 14.3 14.3 17.8 20.0

B 9.5 12.5 16.0 23.8

Replaceable Refraction *Approximate
Wedge Anglebeam Type Active Transducer

STANDARD ANGLEBEAM/
CATALOG NUMBER CATALOG NUMBER FREQUENCY ACTIVE DIAMETER
SHEARWAVE TRANSDUCERS
W-Series K-Series (MHz) (mm)
These are supplied with a top-
WT50-0.5 KT50-0.5 0.5 12.5
mounted standard microdot co-axial
WT75-0.5 KT75-0.5 19.0
connector.
WT50-1 KT50-1 1.0 12.5
WT75-1 KT75-1 19.0 Screw-on refraction wedges can be
WT37-2 KT37-2 2.2 9.5 ordered separately. Please see
WT50-2 KT50-2 12.5 section 10.1.
WT75-2 KT75-2 19.0
WT25-5 KT25-5 5.0 6.3 All transducers are furnished with
WT37-5 KT37-5 9.5 acoustic characterization reports at
WT50-5 KT50-5 12.5 no extra charge.
WT25-10 KT25-10 10.0 6.3
WT37-10 KT37-10 9.5

10.1 Refraction Wedges for Anglebeam Contact Transducers. Classified according to the refraction angle, active
diameter, and wave type*.

CATALOG NUMBER CATALOG NUMBER REFRACTION ANGLE SUITABLE FOR ACTIVE

S (Shear Wave) L (Longitudinal Wave) (C-Steel Reference) DIAMETER (mm)

45S25 45L25 45° 6.3

45S37 45L37 9.5
45S50 45L50 12.5
45S75 45L75 19.0
60S25 60L25 60° 6.3
60S37 60L37 9.5
60S50 60L50 12.5
60S75 60L75 19.0
70S25 70L25 70° 6.3
70S37 70L37 9.5
70S50 70L50 12.5
70S75 70L75 19.0
90S25 90L25 90° 6.3
90S37 90L37 9.5
90S50 90L50 12.5
90S75 90L75 19.0

*For all other refraction angles, including the type of refracting wave (longitudinal, shear, or surface), please contact Ultran.
 19
11.DRY COUPLING DIRECT CONTACT TRANSDUCERS: <500kHz to 10MHz. Featuring an acoustically transparent
solid compliant contact face. Please see sections 4.1 and 4.2 for W and Z Acoustic Series Details.

B DIMENSIONS TRANSDUCER ACTIVE DIAMETER

(mm) (mm)
ULTRAN Standard
DRY COUPLING Microdot 6.3 9.5 12.5 19.0
TRANSDUCER
A
A 13.5 16.0 19.0 19.0

B 16.0 22.2 25.0 32.0

CATALOG NUMBER CATALOG NUMBER FREQUENCY ACTIVE DIAMETER DRY COUPLING DIRECT CONTACT
W-Series Z-Series (MHz) (mm) TRANSDUCERS

WD50-0.25 ZD50-0.25 0.25 12.5 These are supplied with a side-mounted

WD75-0.25 ZD75-0.25 19.0 standard microdot co-axial connector.
WD50-0.5 ZD50-0.5 0.5 12.5
They cannot be rubbed or abraded on test
WD75-0.5 ZD75-0.5 19.0
materials.
WD50-1 ZD50-1 1.0 12.5
WD75-1 ZD75-1 19.0
All transducers are furnished with acoustic
WD25-2 ZD25-2 2.0 6.3 characterization reports at no extra charge.
WD37-2 ZD37-2 9.5
WD50-2 ZD50-2 12.5 DELAY LINE DRY COUPLING
WD25-5 ZD25-5 5.0 6.3 TRANSDUCERS
WD37-5 ZD37-5 9.5
WD25-10 ZD25-10 10.0 6.3 Please use the standard delay line
transducers with an appropriate dry
coupling delay line as described in sections
9 and 9.1.

12. -SERIES DIRECT CONTACT TRANSDUCERS: <500kHz to 15MHz. Featuring a hard protective face.
Please see section 4.3 for -Series Acoustics Details.

B Standard
Microdot DIMENSIONS (mm) TRANSDUCER ACTIVE DIAMETER (mm)
ULTRAN
λ 4.7 6.3 9.5 12.5 19.0
-SERIES Stanless
A CONTACT Steel A 12.5 12.5 12.5 16.0 16.0
TRANSDUCER Housing
B 7.8 9.6 13.5 17.8 25.0
Hard Face

CATALOG NUMBER FREQUENCY (MHz) ACTIVE DIAMETER (mm)

-SERIES DIRECT CONTACT
TRANSDUCERS
LC50-1 1.0 12.5
LC75-1 19.0
These are supplied with a side-mounted
LC50-2 2.0 12.5 standard microdot co-axial connector.
LC75-2 19.0
LC25-5 5.0 6.3 For all other variations, please contact
LC37-5 9.5 Ultran.
LC50-5 12.5
LC25-10 10.0 6.3 All transducers are furnished with acoustic
LC37-10 9.5 characterization reports at no extra charge.
LC18-15 15.0 4.7
 20
13. LAMBDA SERIES DELAYED CONTACT TRANSDUCERS: <2MHz to 20MHz.
Please see section 4.3 for -Series Acoustic Details

Standard DIMENSIONS TRANSDUCER ACTIVE DIAMETER

Microdot (mm) (mm)
B Active
Transducer 3.2 4.7 6.3 9.5 12.5 19.0
A
B A
A* 22.0 22.0 22.0 24.0 37.0 40.0
Delay
Line Retaining
Ring B 6.3 9.5 9.5 12.5 16.0 23.8
Replaceable Fixed Delay
Delay Type Type *Approximate

-SERIES DELAYED
CATALOG NUMBER CATALOG NUMBER FREQUENCY ACTIVE ROUND-TRIP CONTACT TRANSDUCERS
Replaceable Delay1 Fixed Delay2 (MHz) DIAMETER DELAY TIME
(mm) ( s) 1. Replaceable delay types are
offered with standard side
LRD50-2 LFD50-2 2.0 12.5 17 microdot connector.
LRD75-2 LFD75-2 19.0 17
LRD25-5 LFD25-5 5.0 6.3 7 2. Fixed delay types are offered
LRD37-5 LFD37-5 9.5 7 with a standard top microdot
LRD50-5 LFD50-5 12.5 17 connector.
LRD25-10 LFD25-10 10.0 6.3 7
LRD37-10 LFD37-10 9.5 7 Please choose delay lines as
LRD18-15 LFD18-15 15.0 4.7 7 described in section 9.1.
LRD12-20 LFD12-20 20.0 3.2 7
For other variations, please
contact Ultran

14. LAMBDA ANGLEBEAM/SHEARWAVE TRANSDUCERS: 2MHz to 10MHz. Offered with screw-on replaceable
refraction wedges. Please see section 4.3 for -Series Acoustics Details.

DIMENSIONS TRANSDUCER ACTIVE DIAMETER

(mm) (mm)

6.3 9.5 12.5 19.0

B
A* 14.3 14.3 17.8 20.0

B 9.5 12.5 16.0 23.8

Replaceable Refraction *Approximate
Wedge Anglebeam Type Active Transducer

CATALOG NUMBER FREQUENCY (MHz) ACTIVE DIAMETER (mm) -SERIES ANGLEBEAM/ SHEARWAVE TRANSDUCERS

LT50-2 2.0 12.5 These are supplied with a top-mounted standard microdot
LT75-2 19.0 co-axial connector.
LT25-5 5.0 6.3
Screw-on wedges can be ordered separately. Please see
LT37-5 9.5
section 10.1
LT50-5 12.5
LT25-10 10.0 6.3
All transducers are furnished with acoustic characterization
LT37-10 9.5
reports at no extra charge.
LT50-10 19.0
 21
15. VERY SHORT PULSE TRANSDUCERS: 50ns, 25ns, and 10ns Pulse Widths. Featuring short, fixed acoustically
transparent delay lines. Please see section 4.3 for VSP-Series Acoustic Details

Standard The housing dimensions for VSP transducers are optimum, but
Microdot vary as a function of the pulse width and active transducer
diameter.

ULTRAN The housing is made of stainless steel.

VSP
CONTACT These transducers are supplied with a top-mounted Microdot
TRANSDUCER coaxial connector

All transducers are furnished with acoustic characterization reports

at no extra charge.

CATALOG NUMBER PULSE WIDTH FREQUENCY RANGE ACTIVE DIAMETER ROUND-TRIP

@ -6dB DELAY TIME
(~ns) (~MHz) (mm) ( s)

VSP-50 50 5 to 30 4.5 6
VSP-25 25 15 to 70 4.5 4
VSP-10 10 30 to 125 3.2 4

16. VERY LOW FREQUENCY DIRECT CONTACT TRANSDUCERS (VLC): 50kHz to 250kHz. Featuring a hard protective
face. Please see section 4.5 for VLF-Series Acoustic Details.

The housing dimensions of VLC transducers are

optimum, but vary as a function of a transducer’s
Standard frequency and active diameter.
ULTRAN BNC
VERY LOW FREQUENCY These transducers are supplied with a side-mounted
CONTACT TRANSDUCER
standard BNC connector.

Stainless For all other variations, please contact Ultran.

Steel
Housing All transducers are furnished with acoustic
characterization reports at no extra charge.

CATALOG NUMBER FREQUENCY ACTIVE DIAMETER

(kHz) (mm)

VLC100-0.05 50 25
VLC200-0.05 50
VLC100-0.1 120 25
VLC200-0.1 50
VLC100-0.15 150 25
VLC200-0.15 50
VLC100-0.2 250 25
VLC200-0.2 50
 22
17. VERY LOW FREQUENCY DELAYED CONTACT TRANSDUCERS (VLR): 50kHz to 250kHz. Featuring replaceable
delay line. Please see section 4.5 for VLF Acoustic Series Details.

The housing and delay length dimensions of VLR transducers are

optimum, but vary as a function of the frequency and active
ULTRAN Standard transducer diameter.
VERY LOW FREQUENCY BNC
REPLACEABLE DELAY These transducers come as kits containing the active transducer,
LINE TRANSDUCER standard delay line and the delay retaining ring.
Stainless
Steel
Housing The housing is made of stainless steel.
Retaining
Ring These are supplied with a side-mounted BNC coaxial connector.

DELAY All transducers are furnished with acoustic characterization reports

LINE at no extra charge.

CATALOG NUMBER FREQUENCY ACTIVE DIAMETER ROUND-TRIP DELAY TIME

(kHz) (mm) ( s)

VLR100-0.05 50 25 20
VLR200-0.05 50
VLR100-0.1 100 25 20
VLR200-0.1 50
VLR100-0.15 150 25 20
VLR200-0.15 50
VLR100-0.2 250 25 20
VLR200-0.2 50

18. HIGH TEMPERATURE DIRECT CONTACT TRANSDUCERS (HTC, 300°C) from 500KHz to 5MHz. Featuring the
patented compression-held piezoelectric assembly in a ceramic chamber. Please see section 4.6 for HT-Series
Acoustic Details.

High Temperature DIMENSIONS TRANSDUCER ACTIVE DIAMETER (mm)

Wires Terminated into (mm)
Standard BNC 6.3 12.5

A 16.0 16.0
ULTRAN
HIGH TEMPERATURE B 21.5 28.0
DIRECT CONTACT Ceramic
A TRANSDUCER Compression
Chamber

HIGH TEMPERATURE DIRECT CONTACT

CATALOG NUMBER FREQUENCY ACTIVE DIAMETER TRANSDUCERS
(MHz) (mm)
These transducers are supplied with special
HTC50-0.5 0.5 12.5 high temperature-resistant 2m wires
HTC50-1 1 12.5 terminated into a standard BNC connector.
HTC25-2 2 6.3
HTC50-2 12.5 They are tested at 250°C for continuous
HTC25-5 5 6.3 operation and furnished with acoustic
characterization reports at no extra charge.
 23
19. HIGH TEMPERATURE DELAYED CONTACT TRANSDUCERS (HTD, >600°C): 500kHz to 5MHz
Please see section 4.6 for HT-Series Acoustics Details.

HIGH TEMPERATURE DELAYED

CONTACT TRANSDUCERS

These are supplied with special high

temperature-resistant 2m wires terminated
into a standard BNC connector.

They are tested at 600°C for continuous

ULTRAN operation and are furnished with acoustic
HIGH TEMPERATURE characterization reports at no extra charge.
DELAYED CONTACT
TRANSDUCER

CATALOG NUMBER FREQUENCY ACTIVE DIAMETER ROUND-TRIP

(MHz) (mm) DELAY TIME
( s)

HTD50-0.5 0.5 12.5 12

HTD50-1 1.0 12.5 12
HTD25-2 2.0 6.3 12
HTD50-2 12.5
HTD25-5 5.0 6.3 12

20. 0° SHEAR WAVE INCIDENT DIRECT CONTACT TRANSDUCERS: <500kHz to 10MHz

Please see section 4.7 for S-series Acoustics Details

B Standard DIMENSIONS TRANSDUCER ACTIVE DIAMETER (mm)

Microdot (mm)
6.3 9.5 12.5 19.0
ULTRAN Stainless
0° SHEAR WAVE Steel
A CONTACT A 12.7 12.7 16.0 16.0
Housing
TRANSDUCER
Vibration
Direction B 9.7 13.5 17.8 25.0
Hard Face

CATALOG NUMBER FREQUENCY ACTIVE DIAMETER 0° SHEAR WAVE DIRECT

(MHz) (mm) CONTACT TRANSDUCERS

SWC50-0.5 0.5 12.5 These are supplied with a side-

SWC75-0.5 19.0 mounted standard microdot
connector.
SWC50-1 1.0 12.5
SWC75-1 19.0
The shear wave vibration direction
SWC25-2 2.0 6.3
is in the horizontal plane and is
SWC37-2 9.5
marked on the housing.
SWC50-2 12.5
SWC25-5 5.0 6.3 All transducers are furnished with
SWC37-5 9.5 acoustic characterization reports
SWC50-5 12.5 at no extra charge.
SWC25-10 10.0 6.3
SWC37-10 9.5
 24
21. 0° SHEAR WAVE INCIDENT DELAYED CONTACT TRANSDUCERS: <1MHZ TO 15MHZ. Please see section 4.7 for S-
Series Acoustics Details

Standard DIMENSIONS TRANSDUCER ACTIVE DIAMETER

Microdot (mm) (mm)
B Active
Transducer 6.3 9.5 12.5 19.0
A
Vibration B A
Direction A* 22.0 24.0 37.0 40.0
Delay Retaining
Line Ring B 9.5 12.5 16.0 23.8
Replaceable Fixed Delay
Delay Type Type *Approximate

CATALOG NUMBER CATALOG NUMBER FREQUENCY ACTIVE ROUND-TRIP 0° SHEAR WAVE INCIDENT
Replaceable Delay Fixed Delay (MHz) DIAMETER DELAY TIME DELAYED CONTACT
(mm) ( s) TRANSDUCERS

The Replaceable delay type

SRD50-1 SFD50-1 1.0 12.5 32
transducers are supplied with a
SRD75-1 SFD75-1 19.0 32
side-mounted microdot co-axial
SRD25-2 SFD25-2 2.0 6.3 9
connector.
SRD50-2 SFD50-2 12.5 13
The Fixed delay type transducers
SRD25-5 SFD25-5 5.0 6.3 9
are supplied with a top-mounted
SRD50-5 SFD50-5 12.5 13 microdot co-axial connector.
SRD25-10 SFD25-10 10.0 6.3 9 The Shear wave vibration direction
is in the horizontal plane of the
transducer and identified on the
housing.
Please order replaceable delay lines
separately as described in section
9.1
All transducers are furnished with
acoustic characterization reports at
no extra charge.

22. 0° SHEAR WAVE INCIDENT VERY HIGH FREQUENCY TRANSDUCERS: 20MHz to 100MHz
Please see section 4.7 S-Series Acoustics Details.

The housing dimensions of these transducers are optimum, but vary as a function of the
frequency and active diameter. They are furnished with short acoustically transparent fixed
delay lines.
ULTRAN
0° SHEAR
WAVE The housing is made of stainless steel.
VHF
CONTACT The shear wave vibration direction is in the horizontal plane and is identified on the
TRANSDUCER
Vibration housing.
Direction
All transducers are furnished with acoustic characterization reports at no extra charge.

CATALOG NUMBER FREQUENCY ACTIVE DIAMETER ROUND-TRIP DELAY

(MHz) (mm) TIME ( s)

SFD18-20 20.0 4.7 7

SFD25-20 6.3
SFD12-25 25.0 3.2 7
SFD18-25 4.7
SFD12-50 50.0 3.2 7
SFD18-50 4.7
SFD12-100 100.0 3.2 4
 25
23.STANDARD IMMERSION TRANSDUCERS: <500kHz to 25MHz. See sections 4.1 and 4.2 for Acoustic Series
Details.

Water-Proof DIMENSIONS TRANSDUCER ACTIVE DIAMETER (mm)

Standard (mm)
UHF
3.2 4.7 6.3 9.5 12.5 19.0 25.0

A 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 25.0 32.0

ULTRAN
A STANDARD
IMMERSION B 9.5 9.5 9.5 12.5 16.0 21.0 27.0
TRANSDUCER

CATALOG NUMBER CATALOG NUMBER CATALOG NUMBER FREQUENCY ACTIVE DIAMETER

W-Series K-Series Z-Series (MHz) (mm)

WS50-0.5 KS50-0.5 ZS50-0.5 0.5 12.5

WS75-0.5 KS75-0.5 ZS75-0.5 19.0
WS100-0.5 KS100-0.5 ZS100-0.5 25.0
WS50-1 KS50-1 ZS50-1 1.0 12.5
WS75-1 KS75-1 ZS75-1 19.0
WS100-1 KS100-1 ZS100-1 25.0
WS25-2 KS25-2 ZS25-2 2.0 6.3
WS37-2 KS37-2 ZS37-2 9.5
WS50-2 KS50-2 ZS50-2 12.5
WS75-2 KS75-2 ZS75-2 19.0
WS100-2 KS100-2 ZS100-2 25.0
WS25-5 KS25-5 ZS25-5 5 6.3
WS37-5 KS37-5 ZS37-5 9.5
WS50-5 KS50-5 ZS50-5 12.5
WS75-5 KS75-5 ZS75-5 19.0
WS100-5 KS100-5 ZS100-5 25.0
WS25-10 KS25-10 ZS25-10 10.0 6.3
WS37-10 KS37-10 ZS37-10 9.5
WS50-10 KS50-10 ZS50-10 12.5
WS75-10 KS75-10 ZS75-10 19.0
WS12-15 KS12-15 15 3.2
WS18-15 KS18-15 4.7
WS25-15 KS25-15 6.3
WS37-15 KS37-15 9.5
WS12-20 KS12-20 20 3.2
WS18-20 KS18-20 4.7
WS25-20 KS25-20 6.3
WS12-25 25 3.2
WS18-25 4.7

These transducers are supplied with a top-mounted WATER-PROOF STANDARD UHF co-axial connector.

The above catalog numbers pertain to PLANAR beams. All transducers are also available with POINT or CYLINDRICAL FOCUS types. The
available standard focal lengths in water are: 3.2, 4.5, 9.5, 12.5, 19, 25, 38, 51, 64, 76, 100, 125, 150, 200, 225, 250, 300, 400, 500, 600, and
1,000mm. If you need a focused transducer, simply identify the desired focus type and its value. For example, if you need the WS50-5 in a 76mm
point focus, add the P76 suffix to create the WS50-5-P76. Similarly, if this transducer was desired in a cylindrical focus type, identify it as the
WS50-5-C76.

All transducers are furnished with acoustic characterization reports at no extra charge.

For all other frequencies, dimensions, and focal types and lengths, please contact Ultran.
 26
24. -SERIES IMMERSION TRANSDUCERS: <500kHz to 25MHz
Please see section 4.3 for -Series Acoustics Details

Water-Proof DIMENSIONS TRANSDUCER ACTIVE DIAMETER (mm)

Standard
UHF (mm)

3.2 4.5 6.3 9.5 12.5 19.0 25.0

ULTRAN A 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 25.0 32.0

A LAMBDA
IMMERSION B 9.5 9.5 9.5 12.5 16.0 21.0 27.0
TRANSDUCER

CATALOG NUMBER FREQUENCY ACTIVE DIAMETER FOCAL LENGTH/TYPE LAMBDA IMMERSION

(MHz) (mm) (mm) TRANSDUCERS

LS100-0.5 0.5 25 Planar These are supplied with a top-

LS100-0.5-P76 P76 mounted standard water-proof
LS50-1 1.0 12.5 Planar UHF co-axial connector.
LS50-1-P76 P76
LS75-1 19.0 Planar All transducers are furnished
LS75-1-P76 P76 with acoustic characterization
LS100-1 25.0 Planar reports at no extra charge.
LS100-1-P100 P100
For all other variations, please
LS50-2 2.0 12.5 Planar
contact Ultran.
LS50-2-P51 P51
LS75-2 19.0 Planar
LS75-P76 P76
LS100-2 25.0 Planar
LS100-2-P100 P100
LS25-5 5.0 6.3 Planar
LS25-5-P25 P25
LS37-5 9.5 Planar
LS37-5-P38 P38
LS50-5 12.5 Planar
LS50-5-P51 P51
LS50-5-P76 P76
LS25-10 10.0 6.3 Planar
LS25-10-P19 P19
LS25-P25 P25
LS37-10 9.5 Planar
LS37-10-P38 P38
LS50-10 12.5 Planar
LS50-10-P100 P100
LS18-15 15.0 4.7 Planar
LS18-15-P12 P12
LS18-15-P19 P19
LS18-15-P25 P25
 27
25.VERY HIGH FREQUENCY (VHF) FOCUSED IMMERSION TRANSDUCERS: 50MHz to 150MHz. Featuring
acoustically transparent and optical quality clear fused silica glass delayed lens.
Please see section 4.4 for VHF M-Series Acoustics Details.

All transducer dimensions are optimum, but vary as a function of the

Water-Proof
Standard active diameter and the desired focal length.
UHF “DUMMY”
These transducers are supplied with a top-mounted standard UHF
ACTIVE “DUMMY” connector for mechanical fixturing. The ACTIVE connector is
Standard a side-mounted standard microdot. Both connectors are water-proof.
Microdot

ULTRAN For all other variations, please contact Ultran.

VHF
IMMERSION All transducers are furnished with acoustic characterization reports at no
TRANSDUCER extra charge.

CATALOG NUMBER FREQUENCY FOCAL LENGTH BEAM ACTIVE ROUND-TRIP DELAY

SIZE DIAMETER TIME
(MHz) (mm) (mm) (mm) ( s)

MDS12-50-P6 50.0 6.3 0.06 3.2 10

MDS12-50-P12 12.5 0.12
MDS18-50-P-6 50.0 6.3 0.04 4.5 10
MDS18-50-P12 12.5 0.08
MDS25-50-P4 50.0 4.5 0.03 6.3 10
MDS25-50-P6 6.3 0.04
MDS25-50-P12 12.5 0.06
MDS25-50-P25 25.0 0.12
MDS12-100-P2 100.0 2.5 0.01 3.2 5
MDS12-100-P3 3.2 0.015
MDS12-100-P6 6.3 0.03
MDS18-100-P4 100.0 4.5 0.015 4.5 5
MDS18-100-P6 6.3 0.02
MDS18-100-P9 9.5 0.03
MDS12-150-P2 150.0 2.5 0.008 3.2 5
MDS12-150-P3 3.2 0.01

26.VERY LOW FREQUENCY (VLF) IMMERSION TRANSDUCERS: 50kHz to 250kHz

Please see section 4.5 for VLF Series Acoustics Details.

CATALOG NUMBER FREQUENCY ACTIVE DIAMETER The housing dimensions of the VLS transducer are
(kHz) (mm) analogous to those of the standard immersion transducers.
Their dimensions are optimum, but vary according to the
VLS100-0.05 50 25 desired frequency and the transducer active diameter.
VLS150-0.05 38
VLS200-0.05 50 These transducers are supplied with a top-mounted
VLS100-0.1 125 25 standard water-proof UHF co-axial connector.
VLS150-0.1 38
VLS200-0.1 50 They are also available in focused types. Please contact
Ultran for any further questions.
VLS100-0.15 150 25
VLS150-0.15 38
All transducers are furnished with acoustic characterization
VLS200-0.15 50
reports at no extra charge.
VLS100-0.2 250 25
VLS150-0.2 38
VLS200-0.2 50
 28
27.NON-CONTACT TRANSDUCERS: <100kHz to 5MHz Please see section 4.8 for NCT Series Acoustics Details.
For Systems and Applications Information, please see section 30.

Standard DIMENSIONS TRANSDUCER ACTIVE DIAMETER (mm)

BNC (mm)
3.2 6.3 12.5 19.0 25.0 38.0 50.0
ULTRAN Clear Protective
NON-CONTACT Plastic Layer
TRANSDUCER
A 27.0 27.0 27.0 27.0 27.0 ~45 ~45
Aluminum
Housing
B 10.0 13.5 21.0 27.0 34.0 46.0 58.0

CATALOG NUMBER FREQUENCY ACTIVE DIAMETER NON-CONTACT TRANSDUCERS*

(MHz) (mm)
These are the newest addition to our long list of novel transducers. Non-
NCT-101 0.12 25.0 Contact Transducers replace our 1983 AIR/GAS propagation transducers.
NCT-201 50.0 The NCT are more than 20dB higher in sensitivity than our previous
NCT-102 0.25 25.0 transducers of this type. Also the NCT are approximately 30dB lower in
NCT-202 50.0 sensitivity when compared with the standard contact transducers. The
combination of phenomenally high sensitivity and high frequency of our
NCT-55 0.50 12.5
new transducers now make it practical to perform all applications where
NCT-75 19.0
direct or liquid contact with the test materials is undesirable.
NCT-105 25.0
NCT-205 50.0
These transducers are also offered with our dedicated ultrasonic Non-
NCT-210 1.0 6.3
Contact Analyzer, the NCA 1000 system. The NCA 1000 is suitable for
NCT-510 12.5
thickness, time-of-flight, velocity or density, spectroscopy or microstructure,
NCT-710 19.0
imaging and many other applications. This development supersedes all
NCT1010 25.0
known “air-coupling” transducers and associated systems. For more
NCT-2010 50.0
details, see section 30. Any additional questions may be directed to Ultran.
NCT-220 2.0 6.3
NCT-520 12.5 For proximity, dimensional, distance/level and remote sensing applications
NCT-720 19.0 our Non-Contact Transducers have no rival in the world! We will configure
NCT-1020 25.0 them to suit your needs. Please inquire about the details and the
NCT-230 3.0 6.3 documented observations.
NCT-530 12.5
NCT-730 19.0 These transducers are supplied with a top-mounted standard BNC
NCT-1030 25.0 connector. Acoustic characterization reports are provided at no extra
charge.

*World-wide patents pending and in process.

28.SPECIAL APPLICATIONS AND TRANSDUCER PROTOTYPING

Ultran has helped a number of customers and researchers by large and beyond the scope of this publication. If you believe
providing solutions to problems through innovative transducer you have a problem that can be solved by ultrasound, please
designs. Besides non-destructive materials evaluation, this feel free to contact Ultran and consult with our materials and
also includes very high power and high frequency transducers ultrasound experts. We will work with you in providing the
for chemical reaction acceleration and for therapeutic and simplest possible answer to your problem.
surgical applications. The list of our accomplishments is too

29.ACCESSORIES – CO-AXIAL CABLES

CATALOG NUMBER DESCRIPTION

BB6-174 BNC-BNC, 2m RG174/u
BB6-58 BNC-BNC, 2m, RG58/u
BM6-174 BNC-MICRODOT, 2m, RG174/u
BU6-174 BNC-UHF, 2m, RG174/u
BU6-58 BNC-UHF, 2m. RG58/u
BL6-174 BNC-LEMO, 2m, RG174/u
ML6-174 MICRODOT-LEMO, 2m, RG174/u
BB6-HT BNC-BNC, 2m, High Temperature
 29
SecondWave Systems
1020 E. Boal Avenue
Boalsburg, PA 16827 USA

phone: 1.814.466.2823
fax: 1.814.466.6847
email: [email protected]
web: www.secondwavesystems.com

The NCA 1000 is the world’s first and only high frequency non-
contact non-destructive analyzer. Developed by VN
Instruments of Canada, this system directly measures
thickness, velocity, density, and defects in plastics, rubbers,
tissues, composites, metals, ceramics, powders, green,
sintered, and many other materials.

The NCA 1000 is a sophisticated tool for quality and process

control in materials laboratories. It is also simple enough for
on-line use. Calibration for any given application is a routine
procedure for the NCA 1000. It is a production system
performing successfully in the factories and laboratories of our
customers.

The NCA 1000 is offered as a one channel (direct transmission

mode) or as a four channel (direct transmission and reflection
mode) system. All you need is a key-board and monitor.

Ideal solution for materials quality and process control

PARAMETERS MATERIAL KEY
MEASURED INFORMATION SPECIFICATIONS
Time of Flight Density NCA 1000
Thickness Thickness Dynamic range: >140dB
Velocity Velocity Accuracy: ± 1ns (closed) and ± 50ns (open)
Attenuation Mechanical properties
Dispersion Microstructure TRANSDUCERS
Phase relationships Defect detection Sensitivity: Only 30dB below contact transducers
Internal & surface imaging Frequency range: <100kHz to >5MHz
Anisotropy, and more!

Total freedom from touch or contamination

Transducer alignment stages Digital output from the NCA 1000 is standard; the analog output module is available as an
option. The NCA 1000 can be purchased with a horizontal or a vertical transducer alignment
stage and a wide array of non-contact transducers from frequencies of <100kHz to >5MHz.

At the helm of the NCA 1000 are our phenomenally high transduction and broadband
piezoelectric transducers. These devices, developed by Ultran Laboratories, are merely
30dB lower in sensitivity than the conventional contact transducers. This characteristic alone
is being hailed as a great development in ultrasound.

The NCA 1000, transducers, alignment stages, options, and accessories are marketed and
supported by SecondWave Systems. This company uses the expertise of transducer,
instrumentation, and application specialists with 50 combined years of experience.
SecondWave personnel are ready to meet your testing and analysis needs in an efficient and
cost-effective manner.

Please contact SecondWave for further information.

 30
SELECTED NON-CONTACT ULTRASOUND APPLICATIONS

Density-velocity relationship for green alumina. Transmission spectroscopy of extremely porous Material
(Space Shuttle Tile). Top: 0.38g/cc, mid. 0.28g/cc, bot. 0.1g/cc.

Surface texture analysis. Measurement of fat content in milk products with no contact
to the container.

C-Scan image of an impact-damaged 6.4mm GFRP Composite. Image cross-sections of healthy and burnt human hands.

Please contact SecondWave for further information.

SecondWave Systems
1020 E. Boal Avenue
Boalsburg, PA 16827 USA

phone: 1.814.466.2823
fax: 1.814.466.6847
email: [email protected]
web: www.secondwavesystems.com