Basic Science Note
Second Term Lesson Plan
Week: Five
Subject: Basic Science
Topic: Force
Date: 26th - 30th May, 2025
Period: Double
Duration: 80 mins
Learning Objectives: By the end of this lesson, learners should be able to:
1. Define force and identify different types of force.
2. Give examples of the effects of force in daily life.
3. Demonstrate how force can change the shape, direction, or motion of an object.
Key Vocabulary Words: Force, Push, Pull, Friction, Gravity, Magnetic force, Balanced force,
Unbalanced force, Resistance, Motion
Resources and Materials:
Whiteboard and markers, real-life objects (ball, magnet, string), charts or visuals on types of
force, worksheets
Contents:
Definition of Force
A force is an action that changes the position of an object or body.
A force is that which changes a body’s state of rest or of uniform motion in a straight line.
Types of Force
1. 1. Contact Forces:
These are forces that act on a body or an object through direct application.
Examples: pull, push, bend, friction, etc.
2. 2. Non-contact Forces:
These are forces that act on a body without direct contact or from a distance.
Examples: magnetic force, electrical force, gravitational force, etc.
- Magnetic force: Causes iron filings to cling to the end of a bar magnet.
- Electrical force: If you rub your ball pen on your hair and bring it near a piece of paper, it
attracts the paper (electrical attraction).
Friction
Friction can be defined as the force that opposes motion.
Uses/Advantages of Friction
1. It makes movement or walking easier.
2. It helps us to climb up a ladder without falling.
3. It enables us to hold our pen firmly.
4. It helps to stop a vehicle.
5. It helps us to grind pepper using grinding stones or machines.
6. It helps us to sharpen our knives and cutlass.
7. It helps us to strike our matchstick.
8. It makes a nail hold two surfaces of wood together.
Disadvantages of Friction
1. It causes wear and tear of moving parts in machines.
2. It wastes useful energy.
3. It opposes motion.
4. It causes heating of engines, thereby reducing their effectiveness.
Strategies & Activities
Activity 1: Using Questioning Techniques
I. Ask learners :“Have you ever pushed or pulled something before? What happened?”
“What makes a moving object stop or change direction?”
II. Encourage learners to think critically about examples of force they see in daily life (e.g.
opening a door, pulling a drawer, kicking a ball).
Activity 2: Small Group Technique
I. Divide learners into small groups. Assign each group a task:
Group 1: Define force with examples.
Group 2: Identify and explain the types of force (push, pull, friction, magnetic, gravitational)
Group 3: Demonstrate a simple force experiment (e.g. pushing a chair, using magnets,
dropping a book).
II. Each group will present their discussion and demonstrations to the class.
Activity 3: Conversational Approach
I. Engage learners in a guided discussion:
“Why do we need force in our everyday activities?”
“What would happen if there was no force acting on objects?”
II. Allow learners to share personal experiences involving force, such as playing football or
helping to carry a load.
Assessment and Evaluation
Observe learner participation and engagement during discussions and group tasks.
Review group presentations for understanding of key concepts.
Conduct a short quiz or a whole-class discussion to reinforce the lesson.
Assignment
1. What is force?
2. List two types of force.
3. Mention five activities where force is used in everyday life.
HOD/VP'S COMMENTS & ENDORSEMENT:
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