UNIT-3 : ALGEBRA Ss? Chapter Simultaneous (Linear) 1, MULTIPLE CHOICE TYPE: Choose the correct answer from the options given below. @ Solution of equations x~2y= 7 and a (1) and 2x—y=g (2) Multiplying eqn. (1) by 2: we have 2x-4y= 14 +) eqn. (2) ~ eqn. (3) gives ; (x—y)—(2x-4y) = 8-14 > We y- Ir + gy =_6 > Y=-6 - syn_o * from (1) 32-2 x (2) =7 VETMET yea ag Thus, solution of given eqns, are ; *=3 and y=_9 + Ans, (iif) ‘6) Solution of equati = rjmasat ons.x += 2.1 and (i »Y=0.9 Gi) x=12,y=_99 Equations — —————irreer [Including Probiey Git) 1, y=0.9 @) 2,y=-09 Sol. Given equations are ; xty=21 : x-y=03 On adding (1) and (2) ; we have 4 2x=2.4=> ret4aig eqn. (1) - eqn. (2) gives ; @+y)-@-y=21 - 0.3 Sxty-xt+y=18 > y=185 y=. “Ans. (i) © Solution of equations 14.1 _ 91 ax xy ara ~-—+9=0 is: x (i) x= 2 ya 15 fi 1 1 iv) x=, yo) ty 6.55 © Scanned with OKEN Scannergol. Given €ans. are; 1 1,2221 ay ol) dletg (2) zy ‘On adding (1) and (2) ; we have y 2 ote dt 278 30-15 :. Ans. () (@ Solution of equations 3-F0 and (w) x=-6y=9 Sol, Given equations are ; 2z-2=0 wa) and 2) On adding eqn. (1) and eqn. (2) ; we have ‘Thus, required solution be, x= Gandy =9 2 Ans, (if) (©) Solution of equations “28 and y~x=3is (i) x=2,y- (ii) x=-2, (iii) x=2y (iv) x=- Sol. Given equations are ; x48 2y-4 5 3) 3(x+8)-SQy-4) a 15 0 0 => 3 (r+8)—5 (2y-4)=0 => 3x +24-10y +20=0 => 3x-10y=-44 and y—x=3 From eqn. (2) ;y=x+3 <. from eqn. (1) ; we have (1) +(2) 3r-10 @+3)=—44 = 3x-10r-30=-44 = —Tx=-44+30 = -Ix=-14=9x=2 <. from eqn. (2); y-2=3 = y=3+2=5 c Ans. () Solve the following pairs of linear (simultaneous) equations using method of climination by substitution: 2.x +3y=8, 2=24+3y Sol. We have 2x +3y=8 @ 2526 > 2=6 2x=243y Putting the value of 2x from (ii) in ©. + from (1) ; 8 Yoo We get : oe 2+ 3y+3y=8 S3stoyag => 2+6y=8 ArunDeep’s Concise Math 9th 123 © scanned with OKEN Scanner=> by=8-2=> 676 1 5 * Pata the value of y in (ii) gives =2¢3x1e5 5 arg mens Thus, x = 2.5, = 3. 0.28 + O.ly = 25 2ge-2)— aye 16 Sol. vara aya Sos saw and 2(x- 2) - 1.6y = 116 = wty=250 =116 16 => a-4- 10” >2&- ie, 20x - 16y = 1200 From (i) y = 250 - 2x Substituting the value of y in (ii) ‘we have 20x — 16(250 ~ 2x) = 1200 = 20x — 4000 + 32x = 1200 => 52x= 1200+4000=5200 16 6 i 6+4=120 jo? = M6 +4= 12 From (iii), we have => 42y-Ty=48 +7 => 35y = 55 aa 1 ~/ *. Putting the value of y in (i) Bing 1-8=3 u BYES Hence, x = 5. y=4x-7, eae Sol. We have y= 4x-~7 16x = Sy = 25 Putting the value of y from (i) in We get: 16x — 5 (4x - 7) = 25 => 16x - 20x + 35 = 25 => -4x= 25-35 =” > 45-10 >x=— a =5 Srey ". Putting the value of x in (i) gives old) y=3 =10-7=3 5 Hence, Fe 73 6. 15x + 0.1y = 6.2 Y= 250- 2x = 250-2 x 100 3x+0.4y= 11.2 =50 Sol. 1.5x+0.1y = 6.2 + x= 100,y=50 4. 6x=Ty +7, Ty-x=8 > tps ee Sol. We have 6x = 7y +7 oni) ages i) 2 et y= ee Putting the value of x from (i) in (i), Pete U2 We get ib 4 12" = 6(1y-8)=1y 47 PRO gn ig > Ay 48 =1y +7 é => 30x —4y = 112 “| _-AruniDeep § Concise Math Dh 124 E © scanned with OKEN Scanneroom () 7 = 62 — 15x i) sotstituting the value of y in (i) gor - (62 - 15x) = 112 248 + 60x = 112 30r- 2 + 248 = 360 Fare 36 at 90 From (iii), y =O2-15x= 62-15% 4 =62-60=2 arehye? 1.2e-3) + 3-5) =0 s- 1) + 47-4) = 0 gil, Given 2(¢ ~ 3) + 3G - $)=0 wd S@¢-1) +40 -4) = 0 2h-6+3y-15=0 oht3y=6+15 3ht3y=21 +i) wi Sr-5+4y-16=0 Sr 4y = 21 oii) Maliplying () by 4 and (ii) by 3 and Subiracting r+ Iy = 84 I5e+ 12y = 63 eee ae ~x=21 Hom () 2¢-3) + 3y = 21 S64 4y=21 °9=21 46297 Be+2 4y43 Sol. Given, a 2 3 > 6+3435y—21=259 > 6x + 35y = 252-3 +21 = 270 3x42 dy 43 and - 3-3 => 27x418-8y-6=234 > 27x ~ 8y = 234-18 + 6 = 222 “6x + 35y = 270 (i) 27x — By = 222 ii) Multiplying (i) by 9 and (ii) by 2 and Subtracting 54x + 315y = 2430 Sax 16 331y = 1986 1986 y= 33, =6 From (i) ; we have 6x + 35 x 6 = 270 => 6x +210 = 270 => 6x = 270 - 210 = 60 = 2-1 arses 1 x=10,y=6 : For solving each pair of equations, in this exercise, use the method of elimination by equating coefficients : x 9, 3x-y = 23, z Sol. Given eqn’s are 3x—y = 23 sai) Rydon and 5+ =4 15 ‘ArunDeeps Concise Math Sth © scanned with OKEN ScannerZaina Siegen oe ides by 12 tying a (ota M. of 3 and 4) wii) ay + 3y 248 . Muttiplying equation (i) by 3, and on adding we get! gx - 3y = 69 wofiil) ax + 3y = 48 wiv) — 13x = 17 est 7 axed Substituting the value of x in (i), we get: 3x9-y=23 = 27-y=B Lye23-27 > -y= 4 >yn4 Hence x=9 and y=4 5: y Fg y +2en M952 - sy Sol. Given eqn’s are > = My=2*_g => 15y—2y= 48 += =12> 3y+10x=72 Ad) 3y + 10r=72 sii) Multiplying (i) by 5 and (ii) by 1.and adding 75y-10x = 240 © 3y+10x =72 Wy -=312 322. 28 _ From (i) ; we get =4 15x 4- ae 48 => 60-2 = “4 60-48 = _R 2 26 y=4 1 1 M, F-2= 50-9), 26+). Sol. Given 4 (s-2)=F(0-y) = 4 (e~2)=5 (1-9) (Cross-maiy, = 4r-8=5-5y => 4x+5y=54+8 4x + 5y=13 and 26x +3y+4=0 => 26x +3y=-4 Multiplying equation (i) by 3 and en (ii) by 5, and on subtracting, we ge 12x + 15y = 39 j 130x+15y=-20 in equation (), ve; (oar = -2+5y=13 Sy=13 +2 = 5y=15 15 Syry =y=3 Hence [x= -dy=3] 12, 7 =24-9, 2+y=30-4 Sol. Given, ~—* =2(4-») ry i = 6 =8-2e 126. © scanned with OKEN Scannerarn ty ; oii) substituting the value of x in (i); we get 1312 +9)- 7 = 48 9 136+ By == 48 2 17 48-156 3 lyy=-108 108 2a a9 ae AD. From (ii), we have yel+y=12-9=3 2 re3ye9 2x 1 Fiayttao ea oi) 2x 1 bee Baeter-t) (Multiplying both sides by 6 ie. L.C.M of 3and 2) 4r+24y=—3 (ii) Multiplying (i) by 2. ax - 6 = 6 .dii) Ax + 24y=-3 (iv) - + Mubtacting ; — 30y = 9 f 9 i sr a3 seep = ae nit 2 = OE a3 ae tere 2 Hose, f= 2 14, 13x + lly = 70, Sol. 13x + lly=70 lx + 13y=74 Here, coefficient of x in first equation is numerically equal to the coefficient of y in second equation and similarly the coefficient of y in the first equation is numerically equal to the coefficient of x in second equation. This type of equations should be solved by the method given below : on adding (i) and (ii) ; we get 13x + Ly = 70 lix + 13y= 74 Dax + 2dy = 144 144 = es Again 13x + lly =70 on subtracting (ii) from (i) ; we have 2x-2y =-4 4 => 2(-y)=-4 = x-y=- 2 | Substituti 3. . = x-y= wiv) _Miuting y = [> in equation (i) we get on adding (iti) and (iv) we have 127 ArunDeep'’s Concise Math 9th © scanned with OKEN Scannervie rey 2 aed ged mpcrd subutituting.y © 2 in equation (1H), we pot reve a ye6=2 yea Honee, [x 2.7" 4] 18, diy + $3y © 138, $3v4 Aly 147 Sol, 41x + $3) a) S3n¢4ly = 147 wlll) These equations are of the same type as equations in Q. 9 above, Therefore, these are to be solved by the same method, on adding (i) and (ii) ; we get 94x + 94y = 282 = 94 (x+y) = 282 => 94 (x+y) = 282 Substituting «= 2 in (il), y, riya ‘ 2 yrd~2 aya Hence [x= 2, y= 1] 16, If 2x + y= 23 and ax y values of x ~ 3y and Sy — 9, dnt y= 23 Anny IO On adding; 6x ~ 42 Ny, Sol. 42 eee se eT Substituting x = 7 in equation (iy IxT+y=23 => 4ty=23 y=23-14 =>y=d () x-3y=7-3«9 =7-27=-20 (ii) Sy-2x=5%9-2%7=45-I4- 17. If 10y= 7x4 and 12x + 18y= 1:5 values of 4x + 6y and 8y - x. 282 Paty aoe: Sol. 10y=7x-~4 xtys3 wllti) = Tx - ly Subtracting (ii) from (i) ; we have a ee ~l0y=4 is 12x + 18y=1 Again on, 41x + 53y = 135 wl ” 53x + 4ly = 147 wo Multiplying equation (i) by 9 and eat ae - (2) by 5, and on adding resulting) — ‘ = 12x + 12y=—12 we get => -12(x-y)=-12 63x ~ 90y = 36 7 => 12 (r-y)=12 60x + 90y = 5 - 123x = 41 2 Sx-ye oe Al oy cal. Sx-ysl ) 123 o Adding (if) and (ty) ; 2x = 4 Me Substituting x = 3 in (i, we set ris xF2.. ax tt igy-1 z => 4+ 18y=1 ArunDeep’s Concise Math Sth cr © scanned with OKEN Scanner165x418) =384 165x +374y =1452 From (i), we have 55x +6%3=128 = 55x= 128 - 18= 110 (ii) Given, 4x = 17— oa 32x=136-x+y => 3drtx-y=136 33x—y= 136 > oi) Sy #2 and 2y+x=24 5 ae Sy+2 = (se-17- =, ay tx-2+ a => Gy +3x=6+5yt+2 => Gy +3x—Sy=8 Sa () Given, 227 = 27 +3x-5 > Brty=8 ~@ Adding (i) and (ii), we have = 4y+28=10y—5x+60x—100 sci 3 10y—5x + 60x —4y =28 + 100 a | > 5ir+ Gy = 128 wi) > 7355 a 3-4y =5y-18 From (i), we have ‘i 5 = 33x4-y=136 s “15x+3-4y=30y-108 = intyebe | Gos ay gt 3s 8 an BSR +34y = Ai My fd 132 ai > yaw by} and) by.1)- Hence x=4,y=—4 | don subtracting - 129 ‘ArunDeep’s Concise Math 9th ~~ © scanned with OKEN ScannerEverts 608) TN Se gh a N 1. MULTIPLE CHOICE TYPE : Choose the correct answer from the options given below. (@ Solution of equations x + y= 8 and 3r~ Sy (ii) x (iii) x=-5,y=3 (iv) x=-5,y=- Sol. Given equations are ; xty=8 ea) 3x~Sy=0 en(2) Multiplying eqn. (1) by 5 ; we have Sx+Sy=40 on(3) On adding (2) and (3) ; we have 3x4 Sx=40 40 8 ©. from (1) ;5+y=8 > y=8-5=3 ©. Ans, (i) => & =40> x= ® Solution of equations “A= 3 g te 18 Gi) a=3,5=2 () a=3,b==2 Sol. Given equations are; fee 34 eT 718-54 o Me“ 34380-7) ig 5g => 4a~3 +3 (5b-7) = 6 (18 - Sa) | ArunDeep’s Concise Math 9th oN = 4a~3 + 15b~21 = 108 ~ 39, = dat 15b + 30a= 108 +3 494 => 3a + 15 and a+ Multiplying eqn. (2) by 15; we hay 15a + 156 =75 : eqn. (1) ~ eqn. (3) gives ; 34a~ 15a = 132 - 75 => 19a=57> a-Ze 3 - eo es = b=5-3=2 ty (0) Solution of equations i x-y =3is: Sol. Given equations are ; xy 2_229 7 2 2x-Ty 4 4 = 2x-Ty=28 and +353 =x-y=9 Multiplying eqn. (2) by 7 ; we have Tx- Ty = 63 eqn. (3) — eqn. (1) gives ; (7x Ty) — (2x - Ty) = 63 - 28 => Tx Ty 2x + Ty 235 = Sx=35 x27 © scanned with OKEN Scannerpom egn. (2)37-7=9 ee ae + A on of equations Lx ~ Ty = 29 and a seiy= 2518: Ue ae Sa : a. Given equations are; ux-19= 29 “) gr-My=25 -Q) ‘onadding eqn. (1) and eqn. (2) ; we have 19r— 187= 54> 18 @-y) = 54 =) eqn. (1) — eqn. (2) gives ; 4c 4y=29-25=4 aaety=4 axty=l 4) On adding eqn. (3) and eqn. (4) ; we have w=4-4=2 Pm from (3);2-y=3 > y=2-3=-1 =. Ans. (ii) (© Solution of equations 15x + 6y = 27.and &x + 15y=36 is: @x=1,y=-2 (i) x=-Ly=2 (ii) x= 1,y=2 (iv) x=-1,y | Sol, Given equations are ; | 15x + 6y=27 wo) and 6x + 1Sy = 36 wu(2) On adding eqn. (1) and eqn. (2) ; we have 2ix+21y = 63 > 21 +y) =63 eryeBes eqn. (3) Ox — 9p > IN-y Sx-ys-l wl) On adding eqn. (3) and eqn. (4) ; we have eqn. (2) gives : 27-36 kes2= x= *. from (3); 1+ y=3 > ya3-1=2 s. Ans, (iii) (A) Solution of equations eee () F=-p9=-3 Sol. Given equations are ; (1) (2) Multiplying eqn. (1) by 2 and eqn. (2) by 33 4 6 =-—=26 = a5 .Q) 96 =+—=0 ad 3+, ~) On adding (3) and (4) ; we have 49226 = Bars Oe x poe ‘ArunDeep’s Concise. Math 9th © scanned with OKEN Scanner<. Ans. (iii) . Solve, using cross-multiplication : 2. 4x +3y=17 ar-4y +6=0 Sol. Given eqn’ns are ; 4x +3y-17=0 3x-4y +6=0 by cross multiplication method 8 Sol. Given eqn’s are 3x + 4y 3x + 4-11 =9 2r+3y-8 =H, 2x+3y=8 s 2 x ? 1 a ° Sol. Given ean’s can be wri 5 written as: &+ I-11 =9 S¥+2y—13L9 ae Rs 591422. 5 y 35378 x= 3,y=-1 5. Sx +4y+14=0 3x =-10 - 4y Sol. Given eqn’s can be written as; Sx t4y+14=0 3x +4y + 10=0 By cross-muttiplication method, we x y 1 40-56 42-50 ~ 20-19 Tx + 9y = 130 Sol ‘Given eqn’s can be written as : x-y+2=0 7x + 9-130 =0 By cross-multiplication method, © scanned with OKEN Scannerie xt 9-720 fy eossamupiction method, we have Fog a i Fats” 20+28 20-4 r=Rye3 g.4r-3y=0 art3y= 18 sol Given eqn’s can be written as ; 4x —3y-0=0 a+ 3y-18=0 By cross-multiplication method, Cee Bd 44-0 0472 «(1246 Sol. Given eqn’s can be written as ; &+5y-9=0 3r+2y-4=0 By cross-multiplication, Rene yee ~20418 ~ 27432 ~ 16-15 > 10. Sol. Aeege 4x ~3y-11 =0 6x +I-s=0 Given eqn’s can be written as ; 4x 3y— 11 6r+Iy-5=0 By cross-multiplication, we have a 15477 ~ —/ _ -66+20 28+18 92 46 46 46 Thus, x = 2, y =-1 ay WD di) Multiplying equation (i) by 7 and equation (ii) by 4, we get : 63 28 xy = 56 32,78 = 404 wa(iv) »y Adding, (iii) and (iv) we get : HS = 460 => 1S = 460x 1 ‘ WMS oye 460x= 115 =x 460 x=q Substituting the value of x in (i) we get 133 ArunDeep's Concise Math 9th © scanned with OKEN Scanner3 3 yess 2-7 08 i 3 2 4 it re See Hence, x= Fy y= 5 8 => 2y=4 13. 5r+ > = 19 are te7 aie 1 yes] 8 OF L5x+— =19 Sol. Set y 4., k-5 > Multiplying () by 1 and (i) by > sid K+ — = 19 y oli) =14 =33 £8 Substituting the value of x = 3 in (j yo get # oe y 7105 5x345 =19 2 i. =>-- = 19.5 » Hence, x = 3 and y = 2 2 14, Solve : 3 6 4 ' 2 4x + 5 = 15 and 3x — = = 7, Hen in (1) we get ’ a ‘a’ ify = ax 2, 3 3 TANT 10 gol axe — = 15 4 B= 7 SIR Slo 2710-3 ) ArunDeep’s Concise Math 5th “134 : © scanned with OKEN Scannerplying ( by 2 and (ii) by 3, we poy 12 ulti & + = 30 iii) iv) substituting value of x = 3 in (i), we got Sais axaty 6 2215-12 SJ 6 5 Hence, x= 3, y= 2 Now given y = ax - 2 e2=ax3-2 0 => 3a=24+2=4 Hence, find ‘a’ ify = ax +3. 3.2 SL F-5 wai) cae pe pei fii Multiplying equation () by 5 and equation (ii by 2, we get ry 1 Substituting x = > in (i), we get 1 1 He pet lence [x= >, y= 3] Ans. Now given, as y = ax +3 1 > > predes 1 a 6x 5 = 6x 5 46%3 (Multiplying both sides by 6 i.e. L.C.M of 3 and 2) 2=3a+18 => 2-18=3a => -16=3a => 3a=-16 Eeol6 eat oes eh 5 16. Solve: 20 © Fey iy eta G) 3y44y * Beaay 75 iii) iv) 25 8.50 nay 3x-2y 7 Bxedy 745 wks Sol. () Given, =F + Fay 27 135 ‘ArunDeep’s Concise Math 9th © scanned with OKEN Scanner1s. Fp" Letxd yp © aand.x~ yb then 200 3 ator! Al) IS | & “5 lil) a h Multiplying (/) by 3 and (11) by 4, 9 oy 5 a b = Po a ob ai 4! God abe gel On adding, From (/), we get ee 1a 7304 ait a 20 a= 75 wAlll) Now, x+y" 5 Al) x-yel On adding (i) and (iv) we get, 6x8 ‘ and on subtracting, we get 4 wadmyns nd 3y=2 ad 15 (i) Given ews we Sgy + Fyray = SB 8,80. 1) Bxe2y 7 Brady 45 1. © sot 3e-2y ~ ABxedyy 2 Let 3+ dy = a and 3x ~2y=p 4 4 Ios Bye a Multiplying () by 1 and (ii) by 4 34 IS a's 4 100 a A a8 a on adding (if) and (iv) we get, W523 us Fite A From (/), we have =5 4B os A ises a5 a = Bas-serse- Fo ‘ 3x4 4y=17 wl 3x-2y=5 oli - + = 1 On subtracting, wrl=y= 5-2 From (iii), we get 3x+4x2=17 = 3r+8=17 = 3x=17-8=9 eae WRG Hence x= 3, y=2 17. Solve : “Oxty=2xy, e-y= xy (i) x+y= Ixy, Ix-3y=-xy Sol. (/) x+y = xy, = 5,2. yw » (Dividing both sides bY 7 © scanned with OKEN Scanner1 1 A 1jte2 = —+ wal 5 ay? ¥ a) On adding, (2) and (3) = dt Hy = OY - =5 = ye al 3 2. -& (pividing, both sides byx) SMyas > yaa yA ap 7% 1 Substituting y = — i cae o-teles @) stituting y = > in (I) we get ayF U ” 14 L4 1 1) and 2); 228 PTA @ thats gets? i ant ie - ® es ‘adding, (1) a? ; 4 ey SIT Z PIG 1 2-87 4 427-4 a bag oH x x substituting y = t in (1), we get i Birslors5 Hence [x = ab 15-2 18. Solve: ~->=9, y if Leheae * y ] Ans, = spr Bahco a ol. Given eqn’s are 775, a w(2) = (Dividing both sides by x») Multiplying (1) by a, we get a so ) @ aby aa) esi 2x _3y = 5. ab? abo 32 BLY? piviai ee td wl) Sry 5 (Dividing both sides by xy) aati = a (2) athe Biz. (2) On adding (2) and (3), we get, Dice arrits ve in ig » Multiplying equation (1) by 3, we get katy 3 wn(3) 3 ‘ 5 Ga +8). G2 40?) cetge lant iQ) a (ae by = +B) x 137 ‘ArunDeep’s Concise Math 9th © scanned with OKEN Scanner2 a(a? +8) (a? +b) a=x Multiply (i) by 1 and (1/) by ; = , Substituting x = a in (1), =a we get b fb .g 2 lee ay = y ley=b = yuh Hence x= a and y= b Ans. ay 3 1% Sey "2 oe dx-y 10° x+y#0and 2x-y#0 Sol. Given eqn.'s are ; a: endl) Exercise - 6 (C) 1, MULTIPLE CHOICE TYPE ; ‘Choose the correct answer from the ven below, Sol, Let the two positive whole numbers-are + andy é x+y sis ~O | (4) The sum of two positive whole numbers is and x-y =9 2) | 43 and thelr difference fs 9 ; the numbers On adding eqn. (1) and @); we have | mes O pkpteapsis+9 12 ond 3 (i) undo” = v= 245x512 MN) 7 wd § (iv) 15. 4nd 0. oa fom (1); 12 +y=15 Arunboeegs Concive Math bah © scanned with OKEN Scanner215-12=3 ‘Thus required numbers are 12 and 3, Ans. * ae sum of numerator and denominator of (6 7 fon is 22. If numerator is 8 less than jts denominator 5 the fraction is : 9 iy al Op % 1 .. 1S wi) y o> x gol. Let the required fraction be y L xty=22 Further, ox =y-8 », from (1) ;y- 8 + y= 22 > w=22+8=30 is 2 > «. from (1) 5x + 15 = 22 2 x=22-15=7 Thus, required fraction .. Ans. (ii) (© The sum of the digits of a two digit number is 8. The difference between them is 4. If the ten’s digit is greater than the unit’s digit then the number is: On adding (1) and (2) ; we have => y=6 * from (1) ;x+6=8=>x=2 “+ required number = 10y +2 =10x6+2 =60+2= 62 © Ans. (iv) (@) The present ages of two persons are in the ratio 1 : 3, After 5 years, the ratio between their ages will be 2: 5 ; their ages are : (8) 10 years and 30 years (ii) 15 years and 45 years (iii) 20 years and 60 years (iv) 12 years and 36 years Sol. Present age of first person = x present age of second person = 3x x+5_2 afer 5 years, 5-5 = 5(e+5)=2Gx+5) => Sx+25=6x +10 => 6r~5x=25-10 = x= 15 . required ages of two persons are 15 yrs and (3 x 15) years ive. 45 years c. Ans. (ii) 2 2: The ratio of two numbers is 3: If 2 is subtracted from the first and 8 from the second, the ratio becomes the reciprocal ( 26 i) 53 of the original ratio, Find the numbers. Gi) 1 (iv) 62 Sol. Let the numbers be x and y. i s Sol. Let x be the unit digit and y be the tens digit. i. “+ Number = 10y + x Sr-2p=0 0) according to given condition, we have In second case, xty=8 el) Piel Itis given that y>x => y-#> 0 y-8 2 yoxs4iy (2) 2x -2)=3(y-8) ‘ArunDeep s Concise Math 9th ~ i © scanned with OKEN Scanner= dx 4m By 24 Qv- dye 2444 ° pee ayn 20 w() Multiplying (1) by 2 and (2) by 3 and subtracting 6x -4y=0 6x - 9 =- 60 -+ + 5y = 60 60 sys pen Substituting value of y in (1)'; we get 3x-2%12=0 > 3x-24=0 = 3r=24 24 rey 8 Hence the required numbers are 8 and 12, Ans. 3. Two numbers are in the ratio 4 : 7, Ifthrice the larger be added to twice the smaller, the sum is 59. Find the numbers. Sol. Let x and y be required two numbers, Let y be the larger one, x_4 A OA7 = Testy Tx-4y=0 Also 3y + 2x=59 or 2x+3y=59 (2) Multiplying (1) by 3 and (2) by 4and adding 21x-12y=0 8x + 12y = 236 29% =236 > y= Boat Again multiplying (1) by 2 and and subtneting a "y 2 and (2) by 7 Hence required numbers are y 4 S 14 z. Ans. 4, When the greater of the Ho ny, increased by 1 divides the wm 3 numbers, the result is ~ + Whey difference of these remben 18 dividg, 1 the smaller, the result is zr Find the Dun, Sol. Let the greater number by x and smaller number be y. According to the question, we have _ x41 2 y 2 => Wx + 2y=3x43 r= 3y Ail) Substituting the value of x in () ; we get 3 3 py-y=3 => By-4y aig SY=-46 > yn6 From (ii) ; x = 3y 14x ~ gy =9 Wooueia 3 ED hay Pre x6 3 3=9 7 y=- 413 ay Bend “E59, 9=6 : “Hence required numbers are 9, 6. Bintigy ‘Concise Math 9th 140; © scanned with OKEN Scanner‘The sum of two positive numbers x and y 5, TH) is 50 and the difference of their I Cw js 720. Find the numbers, | “a fist positive number =x | gol and second positive number = y ding to the conditions, we have oi) ‘Acco! a aty50 indy? = 720 2 (et) @-3) = 720 Dividing (i) by (, 720 x7" 5O ‘Adding, (i) and (iti) ; we get 64.4 we O4ax= > li) n syria waiit) = 32.2 From (i), x+y = 50 2 322+y=50 3 y=50-322=178 32.2 andy = 17.8 6. The sum of two numbers is 8 and the difference of their squares is 32. Find the numbers. Sol. Let and y be two numbers whose sum is 8. ty =8 a) Given, difference of their squares is 32 ie. (we assume x to be greater than y) ¥-y~=32 From (i), xty=8 x=8-y Putting the value of x in eq. (if) 0-8) == 32 | SP 464 16y-y = 32 | 3 64-16 =32 dil) 141 Sol. Putting the value of y = 2 in (i) x=8-y => x=8-2 x=6 Required numbers are x = 6 and y = 2. . The difference’ between two positive numbers and y (x>y) is 4 and the difference between a P 4 their reciprocals is a Find the numbers. Let first positive number = x and second number = y According to the given conditions, we have xnye4 eel) doil4 yor T tt) wry then tt xy From (i),x-y=4=x=4+y Substituting the value of x in (i), we have 11 4 yo” 4ty 21 Atyry 4 = y4ty) ~ 21 4 4 > y+y) 21 1 1 = ayty? ~ 21 S 4y+ye2l hs =21=7x(-3) Yr4y-2=0 427-3 > = y+ Ty-3y-21=0 = yy t7)-39+7)=0 = 0+D-3)=0 Eithery+7=0, then y =~7 but it not possible as the numbers are positive then y=3 y Sae4t+3eaT ‘ArunDeeps Concise Math 9th © scanned with OKEN Scanner5 ars ae io 4 : 5. 16 30 is bers are in the ratic 5 iveroted fom each of the mumbers, the ratio becomes 1 : 2, Find the numbers. Sol. Let the first amber ex and second number = According to the condition, we get 4 Sat asegere Gy =) y By subtracting 30 from each, we have x-30 01 y-30 = 2 = 2x-60=y-30 = xy = 60-30 =30 sali) Substituting the value of x in (it) 4 2* Zy-y=30 ay ed 3. = 5y-y=30 > 57=30 30x5 ==> =50 ete eas SES Sy 5 x 50540 <=. Required numbers are 40, 50. 9. If the numerator of a fraction is increased by 2 and denominator is decreased by 1, é 2 it becomes 3 If the numerator is increased by 1 and denominator is increased by 2, it becomes 1 z Find the fraction. Sol Let the faction be =, then according to given Condition, we get x42. 2 y-l 3 => 3(x+2)=2(-1) > 3xt+6=2-2> eae = 3x-2y=-8 * x41 _1 “ft From (2) 5 34 => 3@+I=10+2) > 3x4 => 3x-y=-3+2 > 3r-y= ory=3x+1 Substituting the value of y from 3sy, off (in, we get 3x-2(3x+1)=-8 3 Bx 6-2=-8 = ~Br=_5,, ~6 =>-3x=-6> warty 52 + from eqn. (4) ; we have y=3x2+1 > y=6+1=7 zee S57 2 “The required fraction is >. Ans, 10. The sum of the numerator and denominator of a fraction is equal to Four times the numerator is 8 less than times the denominator Find the fraction Sol Let the fraction be *, then xtye7 wll and 4x +8 = 5y ofl From (1) we have sa4ey 6 Putting the value of x from (3) in (2);® have 2 4(7-y) +8=5y = 28~4y 4.8 = sy > 36= Sy tay > 97 =36 =4 © scanned with OKEN ScannerNow putting the value of y in (3), we get 3.23 je the required fraction, j ine numerator of a fraction is multiplied sae and its denominator is increased by 1 i 1. However, if the numerator is jncreased byx and denominator is multiplied e 1. wd the fraction becomes r Find the fraction. ‘gol. Let numerator of a fraction be x and denominator = y x 2, Required fraction = ‘According to the conditions, e421 ~ 2 oi) Syext2 Ail) From (i) and (if), we have m-1=x+2 2h-2=2+1 3x53 nyex42=342=5 3 # Required fraction = 3. its numerator and 3 is subtracted from its denominator. If the denominator of this faction is 5 more than its numerator, find the fraction, (12. A fraction becomes ; if 5 is subtracted from S ol. Let numerator of a fraction = x and denominator = y * Required fraction = ~ y According to the condition, we have i and since it is given that denominator ass more than numerator, hyaxts eulif) Substitute the value of y from (if) in equation (@, we get J We-(e +5) = ke-x- >x=74+5 =>x=12 Now, putting the value of x in equation (i), we get => y=124+5=17 + The required fraction = = 13. The sum of the digits ofa two digit number is 5. Ifthe digits are reversed, the number is reduced by 27. Find the number. Sol. Let the digit at the ten’s place be x and at unit’s place bey. .. Required number = 10x + y ‘According to question, we have xty=5 and 10x+y-27 = 10y+x From (2), we have 10x +y-27= ly +x => ldx-x+y-10y=27 = 9x-9y=27 = 9 (e-y)=27 wl) wl) Adding (1) and (3) we have 2x=8 ‘ArunDeep's Concise Math 9th © scanned with OKEN Scanner8 are5e4 axed Substi xtyes ituting the value of x in (1) we have yasex S yes-4el =yel “The required number = 10x +) siox4+1=41. 14, Thesum ofthe digits ofa two digit number "67, Ifthe digits are reversed, the new umber decreased by 2, equals twice the original number. Find the number: Sol Let digit at unit's place =x and digit at ten’s place = y . Required number = 10y +x x xty=7 ‘Number formed on reversing the digits =10x+y s. Wx+y-2=2 (10y +x) = lr +y-2=20y + 2x = 10r+y-20y—2r=2 oe es +) ‘Multiplying (1) by 8 and subtracting (2) from it Sr + By=56 8x 19y=2 ee 2Iy = 54 54 Y= 97 =2 Putting the value of y in (1) x42=7 > x=7-255 Hence two digit number =1y+x=10%2+5=25 Ans, 15. The ten’s digit of a two digit, number is three times the unit digit. The sum of the number and the unit digit is 32. Find the number, : Sol. Let digit at unit’s place = x ArunDeep's Concise Math 9th 144 and digit at ten’s place By z, Required number = 10y 4. , according to question, we have “ 3xey Again (10y +x) +x =32 => Ix + 10y=32 => xt5y=16 Putting value of y from we have x+5X3x=16 => xt 15x=16 >x=l Putting x = 1 in (1) ; we get ya3x=3x1=3 Hence required two digit number =10x3+1=31 Ans, 16. A two digit number is such that the ty digit exceeds twice the unit’s digit by then sum of the digits. Find the two i number. Sol. Let unit’s place of digit And ten’s place of digit = y According to the first statement, ya2x=2 => -kke+y=2 all Number = 10y +x ‘Number formed on reversing the digits= 0 According to the second statement (0x +y)-3 @+y)=5 lox +y-3x-3y=5 Tx-2y=5 Af Multiplying (1) by 2 and adding it 0 = 4x4 2y=4 Tx-2y=5 (1) in egy { > lox=16 3r=9 => x= 2 =3 Substituting this value.of x in (1) wes ~Intye2 = -2x34y=2 © scanned with OKEN ScannerSer nd present age of B 224678 i digit number ce required two bine = ly ty ype 8 +32 83 Ans rive yous ago, A’s age was four times the 17. of B. Five years hence, A’s age will be 4 the age of B. Find their present ages, 1, present age of A= x yrs yrs 5 years ago, age of A S yrs 5 yrs.ago, age of B= y— 5 yrs 5240-5) px-524y720 yoay= 2048 ax-ay=-18 mel) 5 years hence, age of A= x +5 yrs 5 years hence, age of B= y + $ yrs .x+5=2(+5) (given) x+5=2p+10 x-2y=10-5 (2) x-2=5 x+5=2y+10 x-2y= 10-5 +2) x-2y=5 Subtracting (1) and (2) ; we get x-4y=-15 x-By= 5 + -2y=-20 = 2y= 20 2 ay- z= 10 Substituting this value of y in eqn. (i); we have 18. A is 20 years older than B, 5 years ago. A ‘Was 3 times as old as B, Find their present ages, Sol. Let, present age of A= x yrs and present age of B = y yrs x= yt 20 x-p=20 1) 5 years ago, A’s age = x ~ 5 yrs 5 years ago, B's age = y ~ 5 years according to given condition x-5=3(y-5) = 1-5 =3y-15 x-3y=-15+5 => x-4y=-10 (2) Subtracting (1) and (2) ; we get x-y =20 x-3y=-10 -++# 2y =30 30 >y=>s15 Putting the value of y in eqn. (i) ; we get x-y=20 => x-15=20 => x=20415=35 Hence present ages of A and B are 35 yrs and 15 yrs. Ans. 19, Four years ago, a mother was four times as old as her daughter. Six years later, the mother will be two and a half times as old as her daughter at that time, Find the present ages of mother and her daughter. Sol. Let age of mother = x years and age of daughter = y years Four years ago, eels Mother's age = x - 4 4-4%10=-15 ‘and daughter's age = y - 4 r=-15-+ 40 =25 nade dy 4) Hence, present ages of A and B are 25 yrs ride dy 16 sad 10 yrnccAmsi xl dyenl6+4=-12 145 ArunDeep's Concise Math 9th © scanned with OKEN Scanner=x-4p=-2 a sxe dy-12 and 6 years later, Mother's age = + 6 and daughter = y + 6 § H6= 2046 = Qvt12= Sp +30 a2 30-12 = 18 Substituting the value of x from (i) in (ii), > 3=56-1 Age of mother = 44 years + and age of daughter = 14 years 20. The age of a man is twice the sum of the ages of his two children. After 20 years, his age will be equal to the sum of the ages of his children at that time. Find the present age of the man. Sol. Let age of a man = x years and sum of ages of two sons = y years “x= Dy seni) After 20 years, Age of man = x + 20 and ages of two sons = y + 40 2 So => y= 20 “X= 2=2 x 20 = 40 vs Age of the man = 40 yeary The annual incomes OFA ang 3 ratio 3 : 4 and their annual apt are in the ratio 5 : 7, If each 5,000 ; find thei annual incg Let, annual income of A= Rs, and annual income of B = Rs : hy => 4x-3y=0 saving of each = Rs. 5000 “A's expenditure = Rs. (x ~ 5099) and B’s expenditure = Rs. (y ~ According to the given Statement, we) 7 ( ~ 5000) = 5 (y — 5000) 7x — 35000 = Sy — 25000 Tx ~ Sy = ~ 25000 + 35000 7x — Sy = 10000 Multiplying (I) by 5 and (II) by3 subtracting them 20x — 15y=0 21x~ 15y = 30000 et es ~ ¥ = 30,000 Substituting value of x in eqn. (I); 4 x 30,000 — 3y = 0 UuuY Le+Way4+40 => -3y =-120,000 e-y= 40-20 => 3y = 120,000 rete 728 120,000 = x=y+20 sulil) yee From () and (i), we get => y= 40,000 : Loe es + Annual income of A = Rs. 30,000 = 2 y= 20 and B= Rs, 40,000 Ans. ArinDeep’s Concise Math th 146 4 © scanned with OKEN Scanneran examination, the ratio of passes to 11. Ir res was 4: 1. Had 30 less appeared fp20 less passed, the ratio of passes to would have been 5 : 1. Find the jlures failure Sf students who appeared for the umber examination. Let number of candidates passed = x and number of candidates failed = y gol. (1) jn second case, number of students appeared = (x +») ~ 30 ‘Number of candidates passed = x - 20 «Failed candidates = (x + y) - 30— (x20) exty-30-x+20=y-10 ‘According to the given statement : jy 1 21-20=5(y- 10) 2 Sy —50 > -50+20 > 30 (2) Putting the value of x from (1) in eqn. (2) 4y—Sy=-30, >-y=-30 0 2 ¥=4y=4 x 30.= 120 + Total no. of students appeared = x + y =120 +30 = 150 Ans. 23. Aand B both have some pencils If A gives 10 pencils to B, then B will have twice as many as A. And if B gives 10 pencils toA, they will have the same number of pencils. How many pencils does'each has? Sol, Let A has pencils = x and B has pencils = y In first case, A gives 10 pencils to B. * Awill have x— 10 pencils and B will have 147 Y*10 pencils “y+ 10=2(e- 10) > yt 10=2r-20 > y-2x=-20-10 Y>2x=-30 (i) In second case IfB gives 10 pencils to A, then A will have * + 10 pencils and B will have y — 10 Pencils, “ y-lW=x+10 > y-x=10+10 y-x=20 (2) Subtracting (2) from (1) ; we get y-2r=-30 y-x =20 =+ => x=50 Substituting this value of x in (1) ; we have y-2x=-30 => y-2%50= y~ 100 =~30 => y=-30 + 100 =>y=70 : Ahas 50 pencils ; B has 70 pencils 24, 1250 persons went to see a circus-show. Fach adult paid Rs. 75 and'each child paid Rs. 25 for the admission ticket. Find the number of adults and number of children, if the total collection from them amounts to Rs, 61250. Sol. Let number of adults = x and number of children = y cx ty = 1250 we) x adults will pay = Rs. 75x and y children will pay = Rs. 25y + Total payment = Rs, 61250 Thus, 75x + 25y = 61250 => 3x ty =2450 (2) ‘ArunDeep’s Concise Math 9th © scanned with OKEN ScannerSubstituting the value of yin. wl) 2. x= 2y—300=2 170-399 |” 2) = 340 - 300 = 40 Rohit has Rs. 40 and Ajay has p, The sum of a two digit numb, Subtracting (2) from (1) ; we get x+y= 1250 a: 26. number obtained by reversing 4. oa the digits is 99. Find the number 1200 differ by 3. : tae Sol. Let the unit digits of a number ~ , Substituting this value of x in (1) ; we have and tens digit = y ies *. Original number =x + 10y = 600+y= 1250 By reversing the digits, the new Numbe be =y + 10x Y= 1250 - 600 = 650 According to the given condition, ye, ++ Required number of adults = 600 x+ly+y+ 10x=99 and number of children = 650 Ans. = lxtlly=99 = I (xty-y 25. Rohit says to Ajay, “Give me a hundred, I 99 shall then become twice as rich as you.” Ajay aTy= 77 WIS ety HS a replies, “if you give me ten, I shall be six he oe : times as rich as you.” How much does each ou . ean On adding (i) and (ii) we get Sol. Let Rohit has Rs. x and Ajay has Rs. y Bales oy ae . Putting the value of x in (i) ; we get In first case, Ajay gives 100 to Rohit, then es St 20,100) + Required number =x + 10y cen eee =6+10x3=6+30=36 200 — 100 = -300 ory+10r=3+10x6 ees =3+60=63 300 WO +. Required number = 36 or 63 Ja, second cate, 27. Seven times a two digit number is equl Rohit gives 10 to Ajay then four times the number obtained by reves 6@-10)=y+10 the digits. If the difference between the dig 6-60-9410 = 6 yn10-460 is 3, find the number. => 6x-y=70 ual) Sol. Let unit digit of the number = x From (0); x-2y= 300 = x = 2y 300 and tens digit = y Substituting the value ofx in (i); we get “+ Original number =x + 10y ' 6 (2-300) -y'= 79 By reversing the order, the new number ™ = 12y- 1800~y = 70, bon 2 f10e . ly 70+ 1800 = 1870 According to the given condition, we ba” 7+ 10y) = 4 ( + 10x) => Tx + 10y = 4y + 40x = 40x — 7x + 4y— 70y = 0 33x — 667-9 148 © scanned with OKEN Scanner20rd (i) ar yes ’ Soostuting the value of x from (i) in (iy il ve he =>ys3 inal number =x + 10y 4 one 3 = 6+ 30~ 36 2 .n Delhi station, if we buy 2 tickets for 1. an ‘Aand 3 tickets for station B, the total js@77. But ifwe buy 3 tickets for station and 5 tickets for station B, the total cost ig q124, Whatare the fares from Delhi to station ‘Aand to station B? a fare from Delhi to station A = & x andthat of B= Ty ‘according to the given condition, we have sth tye =) 3+ Sy= 124 ii) t Muliplying (D by 5 and (i) by 3, we g 10x + 15y = 385 7 gx+ 15y=372 Subtracting (iv) from (iii) ; we get 3213 Putting the value of x in (i) 22x1343y=77 => 3y=77-26=51 i) 51 oe all .. Required Fare from Delhi to station A= 13 and that of to station B = %17 Ans. 28, The sum of digits of a two digit nufnber is 1. Ifthe digit at ten’s place is increased by Sand the digit at unit place is decreased by 5. Nomber = + 10, According othe given condition, we have xtyeil (i) According to given condition 10(e-5)+y45= lovee > 9% ~9y = 45 > xayas Ai) Subtracting (ii) from (i) ; we get W=6ayeS a3 SYRK-Sm3=x-5 D> x=345=8 Hence required number=x+ 10y=8-+ 10%3 =8+30=38 30. 90% acid solution (90% pure acid and 10% water) and 97% acid solution are mixed to obtain 21 litres of 95% acid solution. How many litres of each solution are mixed. Let x litres of 90% acid solution and y litres of 97% acid solution are mixed to obtain 21 litres of 95% acid solution. Sol. “eb y=21 (i) ‘According to second statement 90% of x +97% of y = 95% of 21 ye My ya x01 100 ***00"? “t00 90x + 97y = 1995 Ai) Multiplying () by 90 and subtracting (i) from it, 90x + 90y = 1890 90x + 97y = 1995 5, the digits of the number are found to be Typ e105) aon 105 _ Feversed. Find the original number. Sol, Let unit digit of a two digit number =x Sys 2 =15 cate digi 9 Substituting this value of y in (i) ; we get +. Original number = x-+ 10y aye By reversing the digits, = x+15=21 = x=21-15=6 Unitdigit=y ( Hence mixing of solution 6 litres and 15 and tens digit = x litres. i 149 ‘ArunDeep'’s Concise Math 9th _ © scanned with OKEN Scannerts of a school wanted to give S Sferal pa to the outgoing students of clase XII. They decided to purchase two kinds of sweets, one costing %250 per kg and the other costing %350 per kg. They estimated that 40 kg of sweets were needed, If the total budget for the sweets was 11,800 ; find how much sweets of each kind were bought? Sol. Cost of first kind of sweets = %250 per kg. Cost of second kind of sweets = %350 per kg Total quantity of sweets = 40 kg and Total amount = 711800 Let quantity of first kind = x kg and second kind = y kg axty=40 @ and 250x + 350y = 11800 => Sx + Ty = 236 From (i) ;x=40~y Substituting the value of x from 6; we have "| 5(40 —y) + Ty = 236 => 200 ~ 5y + Ty = 236 = 2y = 236 Hy = =36 36 Sy 7-18 J x= 40-18 =22 - Quantity of First kind of sweets = Ny and quantity of Second kind of sweet, i Test Yourself 1, MULTIPLE CHOICE TYPE: Choose the correct answer from the options given below. @ If3y—2e=1 and 3x + 4y=24, the values of x and y are : @ 3and4 (iii) 4ana.4 Sol. Given equations are; 3y-2 = 1 4y+ 3x = 24 From (i); Gi).3 and 3 (iv) 4 and 3 fi) (ii) 2r = Byn4 > x= Bol Putting the value ae in equ, 4y+ ee) ay FWA 3.8 4g Iy-3 = 4g My = 4843 251 (i); We have a > > PhS. y Ww From (i); we have 3x3-2y = 9-2 = 9-15 8 = es UuuyY Sper © Ans. (iv) (6) On simplifying the equation Ter ~ 1) 6y = 5(x—y), we get @2x-y=7 (i) 2x +y=7 Gi) x-2y =7 (iv) 3x -2y=7 Sol, Given 7 — 1)- 6 =5@-y) 9 Tx 7 — 6y = 5x— sy “2-7-6752 aSp~ 0 Sey eg S Boyes << Age ©) Solution of equation 243 41-0 # xy 3.5 . Ripe ere is: () ~1and (ii) -Pand 2 ii) 1 and —1 G¥) none of thes? 2 © scanned with OKEN Scanner