INTEGRATION

Sr. No. f(x) It’s Integration Sr. No. f(x) It’s Integration

1. 𝑥 𝑛 +1 1. tan 𝑥 dx log sec 𝑥 + 𝑐

𝑥 𝑛 dx 𝑛+1
+c
2. 𝑥 +c 2. cot 𝑥 dx log sin 𝑥 + 𝑐
1 dx
3. sec 𝑥 dx log (sec 𝑥 + 𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑥) + 𝑐
3. sin 𝑥 dx −cos 𝑥 + 𝑐
𝜋 𝑥
OR log tan⁡( + ) + c
4. cos 𝑥 dx sin 𝑥 + 𝑐 4 2
4. 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑒𝑐 𝑥 𝑑𝑥 log(cosec 𝑥 − 𝑐𝑜𝑡𝑥) + 𝑐
5. 𝑠𝑒𝑐2𝑥 𝑑𝑥 tan 𝑥 + 𝑐
𝑥
6. −cot 𝑥 + 𝑐 OR log tan⁡
(2)+c
𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑒𝑐2𝑥 𝑑𝑥
7. sec 𝑥. 𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑥 dx sec 𝑥 + 𝑐
8. cosec 𝑥. 𝑐𝑜𝑡𝑥 dx −cosec 𝑥 + 𝑐
Integration by parts:
9. 𝑒 𝑥 dx 𝑒 𝑥 +c 𝑑
𝑎𝑥  𝑢. 𝑣 𝑑𝑥 = 𝑢. 𝑣 𝑑𝑥 − { 𝑣 𝑑𝑥 . 𝑑𝑥 u } 𝑑𝑥
10. 𝑎 𝑥 dx +c
log 𝑎 While using the method of integration by parts the functions ‘u’
11. 1 log x +c
dx and ‘v’ must be chosen as per the order LIATE i.e I-LATE
𝑥
12. 1 𝑒 −𝑎𝑥
dx 2 𝑥 +c  (𝑒 𝑎𝑥 sin 𝑏𝑥 ) 𝑑𝑥 = (a sin bx – b cos bx)
𝑥 (𝑎 2 +𝑏 2 )
13. 1 −1 𝑒 𝑎𝑥
dx +c  (𝑒 𝑎𝑥 cos 𝑏𝑥 ) 𝑑𝑥 = (𝑎 2 +𝑏 2 ) (a scos bx +b sin bx)
𝑥𝑛 (𝑛−1)𝑥 (𝑛 −1)

 𝑒 𝑥 [ f x + f’ x ] 𝑑𝑥 = 𝑒 f x + C 𝑥

Sr. No. f(x) It’s Integration

1
1. dx sin−1 𝑥 +c Integration by substitution:
1−𝑥 2
2. −1
cos −1
𝑥 +c Integrand of the form Suggested substitution
dx
1−𝑥 2 f (𝑥 𝑛 ). 𝑥 𝑛+1 xn = t
1
3. dx tan−1 𝑥 +c [ f(x)]𝑛 f ’ x f (x) = t
1+𝑥 2
−1 f ’(x) f (x) = t
4. dx cot −1 𝑥 +c
1+𝑥 2 [ f(x)]𝑛
1
5. dx sec −1 𝑥 +c f ’(x) f (x) = t
𝑥 𝑥 2 −1
f(x)
−1
6. dx cosec −1 𝑥 +c f ’(x) f (x) = t
𝑥 𝑥 2 −1
f(x)
1 log x = t
f(log x)
𝑥
Sr. No. f(x) It’s Integration f(sin x).cosx sinx = t
𝑑𝑥 𝑥 f(cos x).sinx cosx = t
1. sin−1 ( )+c
𝑎 2 −𝑥 2 𝑎 f(tan x). sec 2 𝑥 tanx = t
2. 𝑑𝑥 x= a sin ө or x = a cos ө
log(𝑥 + 𝑎2 + 𝑥 2 ) +c 𝑎2 − 𝑥 2
𝑎 2 +𝑥 2
𝑑𝑥 𝑥 2 − 𝑎2 x= a sec ө or x = a cosec ө
3. log(𝑥 + 𝑥 2 − 𝑎2 ) +c
𝑥 2 −𝑎 2 𝑥 2 + 𝑎2 OR 𝑥 2 + 𝑎2 x= a tan ө or x = a cot ө
4. 𝑑𝑥 1 𝑥
tan−1 ( ) + 𝑐 𝑎−𝑥 x= a cos ө
𝑎 2 +𝑥 2 𝑎 𝑎
1 𝑎+𝑥 𝑎+𝑥
5. 𝑑𝑥
log( )+ 𝑐
𝑎 2 −𝑥 2 2𝑎 𝑎−𝑥 𝑎−𝑥 x= a sin2 Ө
𝑑𝑥 1 𝑥−𝑎 𝑥
6. log( )+ 𝑐
𝑥 2 −𝑎 2 2𝑎 𝑥+𝑎
𝑎2 −𝑥2 x2= a2 cos2 2 Ө
𝑑𝑥 1 𝑥
7
𝑎
sec−1 ( 𝑎 )+c 𝑎 2
+𝑥
2
𝑥 𝑥 2 −𝑎 2
2𝑎𝑥 − 𝑥 2 x= 2a sin2 Ө

VARDHAMAN ACADEMY (VASHI) 022-27898457, 9869118308, 9820150591.

 Sr. f(x) It’s Integration
No.
1. 𝑥 𝑎2 −1 𝑥
𝑎2 − 𝑥 2 𝑑𝑥 𝑎2 − 𝑥 2 + sin +c
2 2 𝑎
𝑥 𝑎 2
2.
𝑎2 + 𝑥 2 𝑑𝑥 𝑎2 + 𝑥 2 + log(𝑥 + 𝑎2 + 𝑥 2 ) + c
2 2
3. 𝑥 𝑎2
𝑥 2 − 𝑎2 𝑑𝑥 𝑥 2 − 𝑎2 − log(𝑥 + 𝑥 2 − 𝑎2 ) + c
2 2

Types of Integration

 Integration of Rational Function:

𝑥 𝑥+1 𝑥 2 +2𝑥+5 𝑹
𝑥+1
; 𝑥−1
; 𝑥−1
can be expressed as 𝑄 + )
𝑫
 Integration by Substitution:
𝑓 𝑥 𝑑𝑥 = 𝑓 [ ∅ 𝑡 ] . ∅′ 𝑡 𝑑𝑡

Two imp. Deduction

𝑓′ 𝑥 𝑓′ 𝑥
𝑓(𝑥)
𝑑𝑥 = log 𝑓(𝑥) + 𝑐 And 𝑑𝑥 = 2 𝑓(𝑥) + c
𝑓(𝑥)
 Integrals of the Form:
𝑎 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑥 + 𝑏 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥 𝑎 𝑒𝑥 + 𝑏
𝑑𝑥 ; And 𝑑𝑥
𝑐 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑥 +𝑑 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥 𝑐 𝑒𝑥− 𝑑
𝑑
Here convert Numerator = A (Denominator) + B 𝑑𝑥
(Denominator)
 Integrals of the Form:
𝑓 𝑥
𝑓 𝑥 . 𝑎𝑥 + 𝑏 𝑑𝑥 ; 𝑎𝑥 +𝑏
𝑑𝑥
in these problems, put ax+b = t & find x in terms of t.
 Integration of Quadratic form:
1 1
𝑎𝑥 2 +𝑏𝑥 +𝑐
𝑑𝑥 ; 𝑑𝑥
𝑎𝑥 2 +𝑏𝑥 +𝑐
𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥 1 2
𝑡ℎ𝑒𝑛 𝑡ℎ𝑖𝑠 𝑐𝑎𝑛 𝑏𝑒 𝑓𝑜𝑟𝑚 𝑖𝑛 𝑥 2 ±𝑎 2
; by T.T. = 2
𝑐𝑜𝑒𝑓𝑓. 𝑜𝑓 𝑥
𝑥 2 ±𝑎 2
 Integrals of the Form:
𝑝𝑥 +𝑞 𝑝𝑥 +𝑞
𝑑𝑥 ; 𝑑𝑥
𝑎𝑥 2 +𝑏𝑥 +𝑐 𝑎𝑥 2 +𝑏𝑥 +𝑐
In these case convert: 𝑝𝑥 + 𝑞 = A (Deriv. of Dr.) + B
 Integrals of the Form:
𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥
[A] 𝑎+𝑏 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑥
; 𝑎+𝑏 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥
;
𝑎𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑥 + 𝑏 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥 +𝑐
[B] 𝑎+𝑏 𝑠𝑖𝑛 2𝑥
;𝑎+𝑏 𝑐𝑜𝑠 2𝑥
; 𝑎𝑠𝑖𝑛 2𝑥+ 𝑏 𝑐𝑜𝑠 2𝑥 +𝑐
2𝑡 1−𝑡 2 2𝑡 1−𝑡 2
Here substitute, Sin x = 1+𝑡 2 ; cos x = 1+𝑡 2 ; Here substitute, Sin 2x = 1+𝑡 2 ; cos 2x = 1+𝑡 2 ;
2𝑑𝑡 𝑥 𝑑𝑡
dx = 1+𝑡 2 where t = tan 2 dx = 1+𝑡 2 where t = tan 𝑥
 Integrals of the Form:
𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥
𝑎+𝑏 sin 2 𝑥
; 𝑎+𝑏 cos 2 𝑥
; 𝑎 sin 2 𝑥+ 𝑏 cos 2 𝑥+𝑐

Here we divide numerator and denominator by cos2 𝑥. Convert denominator in the form 𝑎 + 𝑏 tan2 𝑥 using the formula
sec 2 𝑥 = 1 + tan2 𝑥 whenever applicable. Then substitute 𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑥 = 𝑡 in denominator so that sec 2 𝑥 𝑑𝑥 = 𝑑𝑡 in numerator.

VARDHAMAN ACADEMY (VASHI) 022-27898457, 9869118308, 9820150591.