EASTERN VISAYAS STATE UNIVERSITY

College of Architecture and Allied Discipline

Tacloban City

Academic Year: 2024-2025

Research No. 1A

In Architectural Design 6

SITE DEVELOPMENT/LANDSCAPING SIGNS AND SYMBOLS

Submitted by:
Rush Daniel C. Abella
BSARCH 3B

SUBMITTED TO:
Ar. Bernie Tudio, uap
INSTRUCTOR
“Contrast are the very basis of architectural experience” (Jacobson, 1990)

The outside environment becomes clearer as we draw bold lines that

separates nature from the hand-built. Landscaping is a tool that modifies the
visible features of an area of land. Where the outside is transformed, not to
become as one with the building but a separate part which complements.

This paper will focus on defining fundamental terminologies and symbols

utilized in site development and landscaping. It provides a comprehensive
explanation of the various signs and graphical representations commonly
found in architectural drawings related to these fields. By defining these
essential elements, the study aims to enhance understanding and accuracy in
interpreting site plans, ensuring effective communication

The following signs and symbols will be tackled:

1. North Point
2. Existing Building
3. Vegetation and Trees
4. Access
5. Right of Way
6. Obstruction
7. Viewpoints
8. Wind Directions
9. Noise Source
 North Point

The north point should always appear on drawings. It is useful for

establishing aspect and shadow paths but mainly for ensuring
that all concerned orientate all drawings the right way up.

There are effectively three types of north:

1. True north – The direction of a meridian of longitude which converges on the

North Pole.

2. Magnetic north – The direction indicated by a magnetic compass. Magnetic

north moves slowly with a variable rate.

Existing Building

An existing building refers to any structure already constructed

on a site prior to new development or renovation. Its placement,
condition, and function influence site planning decisions, including circulation,
utilities, and overall land use. Existing buildings may require integration,
preservation, or demolition depending on the project scope.

Vegetation and Trees

Plants define a beautiful garden. You can increase

the beauty of your landscape by placing a few
attractive plants. Plants provide a diversity of texture
Vegetation Tree
and smell. They also cleanse your water and air, and
you can use trees to block the sunlight and provide
shading for open areas.
Arrows are used to depict direction – of movement, of view, and may also be
used to point to key features in or beyond the plan.

Access

Access refers to the means of entering or exiting a site. This

includes roads, driveways, walkways, and any designated points
of entry for pedestrians and vehicles. Well-planned access ensures smooth
traffic flow and enhances site functionality.

Right of Way

A right of way is a legal passage or easement allowing people

or vehicles(specially) to traverse through a specific area, often
granted for public infrastructure like roads, sidewalks, or utility
lines. It ensures access while protecting property rights.

Viewpoints

Viewpoints are specific locations within a site that offer desirable

visual perspectives. They can be used to highlight scenic
landscapes, architectural features, or other key elements.
Integrating viewpoints into site design enhances aesthetics and user
experience.
 Obstruction

Obstruction refers to any physical barrier that limits movement,

visibility, or access within a site. Examples include rocks, walls,
fences, and signage. Proper planning ensures obstructions do not hinder
circulation or site usability.

Wind Directions

Wind direction plays a crucial role in site development,

influencing ventilation, energy efficiency, and comfort. Proper
building orientation and landscape planning take advantage of prevailing
winds for cooling and air circulation.

Noise Source

Noise sources include roads, industrial areas, commercial

establishments, and other elements that generate sound.
Identifying noise sources allows for strategic placement of structures, barriers,
and landscaping to minimize sound pollution and enhance site livability.
SAMPLE USAGE OF SIGNS AND SYMBOLS IN A SITE DEVELOPMENT PLAN:
 Research No. 1B

In Architectural Design 6

COMPARING PRINCIPLES AND ELEMENTS OF SITE DEVELOPMENT

PLANNING AND LANDSCAPING
In this section of the paper examines the principles and elements of site
development planning and landscaping. Each element will be defined and
systematically compared using a matrix or tabular format for a structured
analysis.

Elements of Site Development Planning and Landscaping includes:

Natural Physical Features – orientation, topography, gradient, soil type, water

bodies, vegetation, wildlife

Man-made Features – private holdings, buildings, roads, utilities

Natural Forces – Climate, sun path, wind direction, precipitation

Meanwhile, principles will be given an elaborative essay under subtopics in

relation to site development and landscaping.
Understanding the site and its features is the key in every site development
planning and landscaping. The natural physical features shape where
structures should go and where open spaces should be preserved. Ensuring
the land is used efficiently without causing harm to its natural form.

Principles of Site Development Planning and Landscaping

1) Feasibility – Site analysis includes studying the topography, soil

conditions, climate, and natural resources of a land. It is best to first get
the area and soil condition checked, to see if the land is suitable for
landscaping. For instance, steep slopes are best left untouched, while
areas with solid ground make for stable building foundations.
2) Functionality and Efficiency – Every inch of a site must serve a purpose.
Site planning ensures that land use is optimized for accessibility,
circulation, and organization. Utility lines, drainage, and service areas
must be well integrated into the site to ensure efficiency in daily
operations.
3) Sustainability – Preserving vegetation, managing water runoff, and
considering the wind and sun patterns are necessary for the placement
of the landscape. For example, natural water canals can be utilized into
a proper drainage to minimize construction cost and avoid diverting the
stream.
4) Aesthetics - A site should complement its surroundings. Architectural
styles should respect local history and culture while enhancing the visual
appeal of the area.
5) Accessibility - It should be designed with universal accessibility in mind,
ensuring that people with disabilities can navigate spaces comfortably.
Ramps, tactile paving, and well-planned pedestrian routes are essential
in making a site usable for all members of society.
6) Adaptability - Good site planning is about shaping spaces that function
well today and remain adaptable for the future. Whether it’s designing
 for expansion, integrating green spaces, or ensuring accessibility, each
decision leaves a lasting impact. As cities grow and environments
change, the responsibility lies in thoughtful planning that respects both
nature and people.

Elements of Site Development Planning and Landscaping

Aspect Site Development Landscaping

Site orientation
Zoning
Proper usage of
By dividing the site into
orientation optimizes
designated areas for
environmental
specific use, it
conditions such as
becomes adaptable
natural light and
and space will be used
windflow. It enhances
efficiently. It ensures
energy efficiency bu
orderly development
minimizing heat gain in
while maintaining
warm countries and
functionality.
better ventilation.
ELEMENTS
Softscape
Topography Includes living features
Analyzing the land’s such as trees, shrubs,
natural form determines and flowers.
a suitable placement Contributing to
for the building. By ambience aesthetics.
studying the Hardscape
topography, we are Non-living landscape
able to retain structure features such as rocks,
and prevent corrosion. retaining walls, and
pathways. Which are
 also crucial to providing
structural support.
Bodies of Water
Other than enhancing
aesthetics, these also
assist in sustainable
water management.
Climate
Understanding this
helps in designing
structures that Shade
withstand It has the role of
environmental stresses, creating a comfortable
ensuring comfort and outdoor environment.
sustainability. Trees, pergolas, and
Sun and Wind Pattern canopies provide
Proper study of the Sun natural cooling by
path and Wind reducing sun exposure,
direction is a game and controls water
changer in design. As it runoff, improving site
will dictate your drainage.
structure’s placements
to maximize ventilation
and reduce heat gain.
Infrastructure
Lighting
Essential utilities for site
Visibility on the
functionality such as
outdoors emphasizes
roads and drainage
safety, functionality,
ensures efficient
and visual appeal.
distribution of resources.
REFERENCES
Sathyabama Institute of Science and Technology. (n.d.). Site planning and
analysis (SAR1203). College of Architecture. Retrieved from
https://sist.sathyabama.ac.in/sist_coursematerial/uploads/SAR1203.pdf
Jacobson, M. (1990). The good house: Contrast and harmony in a timeless
home. Taunton Press.
EdrawSoft. (n.d.). Landscape symbols for garden design. Retrieved from
https://images.edrawsoft.com/articles/garden-symbols/landscape-
symbols.pdf