Assignment On Statistics
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khancity24Assignment On Statistics
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khancity24WORLD UNIVERSITY OF BANGLADESH
Department of Textile Engineering
Assignment on
Introductory Statistics
Courses Code: (MATH 305)
Submitted to:
Md. Meshbahur Rahman
Lecturer
World University of Bangladesh
Submitted By:
Name: Md. Minhajul Islam
ID: WUB 08/19/52/1129
Department of Textile Engineering
Submission Date: 21/06/2020
Assignment on Statistics
Definition of Statistics.
Statistics:
Applied mathematics that deals with collection,
organization, presentation, analysis, and interpretation
of numerical data in order to make decisions.
Distinguished Between a Population and a Sample.
Population:
A population is the group of all items of interest to a statistics
practitioner.
—frequently very large; sometimes infinite.
Sample:
A sample is a set of data drawn from the population.
— Potentially very large, but less than the population.
Assignment on Statistics
Distinguished Between a Parameter and a Statistic.
Parameter:
A number that describes a population characteristic.
Average age of all people in the United States.
Statistic:
A number that describes a sample characteristic.
Average age of people from a sample of three states.
PARAMETER STATISTICS
Descriptive measure of a Descriptive measure of a
population sample
Actual value in the population Estimate of a value in the
population
Not always possible to Always possible to measure
measure
Parameter average or mean is Statistic average or mean is
indicated with µ indicated by x̅
The variance is indicated by The variance is indicated by
σ2 s2
Standard deviation is indicated Standard deviation is indicated
by σ by s
Total size of population is Total size of sample is
indicated by N indicated by n
Assignment on Statistics
Distinguished Between Descriptive statistics and
Inferential statistics.
Descriptive statistics:
Descriptive statistics refers to the use of representative or
sample sets of data to derive a conclusion or finding. In
descriptive statistics, the determinations reached are only
applied to the population or data set being studied.
Inferential Statistics:
Descriptive Statistics describe the data set that’s being
analyzed, but doesn’t allow us to draw any conclusions
—or make any interferences about the data. Hence we need
another branch of statistics: inferential statistics.
Inferential statistics is also a set of methods, but it is used to
draw conclusions or inferences about characteristics of
populations based on data from a sample.
Assignment on Statistics
BASIS FOR DESCRIPTIVE
INFERENTIAL STATISTICS
COMPARISON STATISTICS
Meaning Descriptive Statistics is that Inferential Statistics is a type of
branch of statistics which is statistics, that focuses on drawing
concerned with describing conclusions about the population,
the population under study. on the basis of sample analysis
and observation.
What it does? Organize, analyze and Compares, test and predicts data.
present data in a meaningful
way.
Form of final Charts, Graphs and Tables Probability
Result
Usage To describe a situation. To explain the chances of
occurrence of an event.
Function It explains the data, which is It attempts to reach the
already known, to conclusion to learn about the
summarize sample. population, that extends beyond
the data available.
Assignment on Statistics
Distinguish between qualitative data and
quantitative data.
BASIS FOR QUANTITATIVE
QUALITATIVE DATA
COMPARISON DATA
Meaning Qualitative data is the Quantitative Data is the
data in which the type of data which can
classification of objects be measured and
is based on attributes expressed numerically.
and properties.
Research Exploratory Conclusive
Methodology
Approach Subjective Objective
Analysis Non-Statistical Statistical
Collection of Unstructured Structured
data
Determines Depth of understanding Level of occurrence
Asks Why? How many or How
much?
Sample Small number of non- Large number of
representative samples representative samples
Outcome Develops initial Recommends final
understanding. course of action.
Assignment on Statistics
Classify data respect to the four levels of
measurement.
Levels of Measurement
1. Nominal levels of Measurement
• Qualitative data only.
• Categorized using names, labels, or qualities.
• No mathematical computations can be made.
2. Ordinal level of measurement
• Qualitative or quantitative data.
• Data can be arranged in order.
• Differences between data entries is not meaningful
3. Interval level of measurement
• Quantitative data.
• Data can ordered.
Assignment on Statistics
• Differences between data entries is meaningful.
• Zero represents a position on a scale (not an
inherent zero — zero does not imply "none")
4. Ratio level of measurement
• Similar to interval level.
• Zero entry is an inherent zero (implies "none")
• A ratio of two data values can be formed.
• One data value can be expressed as a multiple of
another
