COMPARISON BETWEEN (IS 1893:2016) & (IS 1893:2025) IN TERMS OF PERCENTAGE INCREASE IN EARTHQUAKE FORCES
The present study evaluates the percentage increase in seismic load across different categories of buildings based on the revised provisions in IS 1893:2025, in comparison with IS 1893:2016. The importance factor has been considered in accordance with
IS 1893:2016 and IS 1893:2025, while the return period specified in IS 1893:2025 has been used to derive the corresponding zone factor. Notably, in IS 1893:2025, the Elastic Force Reduction Factor (R) for Special RC Structural Walls has been revised;
hence, an R value of 5 has been adopted considering RC structural walls with boundary elements. The study also accounts for the updated seismic zones and the revised R values introduced in the new code.
The following cases have been examined for comparative assessment:
1. Seismic Zone (IV) with Special RC Structural Walls.
2. Seismic Zone (IV) with SMRFs.
3. Seismic Zone (IV) as per IS 1893:2016 and Seismic Zone (V) as per IS 1893:2025 with Special RC Structural Walls.
4. Seismic Zone (IV) as per IS 1893:2016 and Seismic Zone (VI) as per IS 1893:2025 with SMRFs.
For each case, the variation in percentage increase of earthquake forces between IS 1893:2016 and IS 1893:2025 has been presented. The parameters compared include:
1. Percentage increase in design horizontal acceleration coefficient. In this comparative assessment, the spectral acceleration has been treated as constant, that is, the effect of changes in the design response spectrum shape or values has not
been considered, so that the influence of other code modifications on lateral forces can be observed.
Here, “OLD” abbreviation is used for IS 1893:2016
and, “NEW” abbreviation is used for IS 1893:2025
2. Percentage increase in design earthquake force for load combinations, comparing 1.5DL ± 1.5EQX in IS 1893:2016 with 1.5DL ± EQX in IS 1893:2025, reflecting the removal of the 1.5 factor in the latter.
3. Percentage increase in design earthquake force for another load combination, comparing 1.2DL + 1.2LL ± 1.2EQX in IS 1893:2016 with 1.2DL + 1.2LL ± EQX in IS 1893:2025, where the 1.2 factor on EQ has been removed.
A detailed calculation sheet for each case has been provided following the comparison table for reference and validation of the results.
COMPARISON OF ( IS 1893 : 2016 ) & ( IS 1893 : 2025 ) IN TERMS OF PERCENTAGE INCREASE IN EARTHQUAKE FORCES
Response % Increase in PERCENTAGE INCREASE IN DESIGN EARTHQUAKE FORCE
Zone Factor
CATEGORY OF BUILDING Reduction Factor design FOR LOAD COMBINATIONS
SEISMIC ZONE / (Z)
S.No. (R) horizontal Remarks
STRUCTURAL SYSTEM OLD 1.5 DL ± 1.5 EQX OLD 1.2 DL + 1.2 LL ± 1.2 EQX
acceleration
IOLD INEW ZOLD ZNEW ROLD RNEW coefficient NEW 1.5 DL ± EQX NEW 1.2 DL + 1.2 LL ± EQX
Seismic Zone (IV) / 1 1 For detailed calculation
(1) 0.24 0.233 4 5 55.33 % 3.556 % 29.44 % refer Sheet 1
Special RC Structural walls ( All other building ) ( Normal – 475 years return period )
Seismic Zone (IV) / 1.2 1 For detailed calculation
(2) 0.24 0.28 4 5 55.5556 % 3.7037 % 29.6296 % refer Sheet 2
Special RC Structural walls ( Occupancy More than 200 ) ( Important – 975 years return period )
Seismic Zone (IV) / 1.5 1 For detailed calculation
(3) 0.24 0.35 4 5 55.5556 % 3.7037 % 29.6296 % refer Sheet 3
Special RC Structural walls ( Important service & community ) ( Critical – 2475 years return period )
Seismic Zone (IV) / 1.5 1 For detailed calculation
(4) 0.24 0.44 4 5 95.556 % 30.37 % 62.963 % refer Sheet 4
Special RC Structural walls ( Important service & community ) ( Special – 4975 years return period )
COMPARISON OF ( IS 1893 : 2016 ) & ( IS 1893 : 2025 ) IN TERMS OF PERCENTAGE INCREASE IN EARTHQUAKE FORCES
Response % Increase in PERCENTAGE INCREASE IN DESIGN EARTHQUAKE FORCE
Zone Factor FOR LOAD COMBINATIONS
CATEGORY OF BUILDING Reduction Factor design
SEISMIC ZONE / (Z)
S.No. (R) horizontal Remarks
STRUCTURAL SYSTEM OLD 1.5 DL ± 1.5 EQX OLD 1.2 DL + 1.2 LL ± 1.2 EQX
acceleration
IOLD INEW ZOLD ZNEW ROLD RNEW
coefficient NEW 1.5 DL ± EQX NEW 1.2 DL + 1.2 LL ± EQX
Seismic Zone (IV) / 1 1 For detailed calculation
(5) 0.24 0.233 5 5 94.1667 % 29.44 % 61.81 % refer Sheet 5
SMRFs ( All other building ) ( Normal – 475 years return period )
Seismic Zone (IV) / 1.2 1 For detailed calculation
(6) 0.24 0.28 5 5 94.44 % 29.6296 % 62.037 % refer Sheet 6
SMRFs ( Occupancy More than 200 ) ( Important – 975 years return period )
Seismic Zone (IV) / 1.5 1 For detailed calculation
(7) 0.24 0.35 5 5 94.44 % 29.6296 % 62.037 % refer Sheet 7
SMRFs ( Important service & community ) ( Critical – 2475 years return period )
Seismic Zone (IV) / 1.5 1 For detailed calculation
(8) 0.24 0.44 5 5 144.44 % 62.963 % 103.7037 % refer Sheet 8
SMRFs ( Important service & community ) ( Special – 4975 years return period )
Seismic Zone (IV)-old & (V)-new / 1 1 For detailed calculation
(9) 0.24 0.333 4 5 122 % 48 % 85 % refer Sheet 9
Special RC Structural walls ( All other building ) ( Normal – 475 years return period )
Seismic Zone (IV)-old & (V)-new / 1.2 1 For detailed calculation
(10) 0.24 0.4 4 5 122.22 % 48.148 % 85.185 % refer Sheet 10
Special RC Structural walls ( Occupancy More than 200 ) ( Important – 975 years return period )
Seismic Zone (IV)-old & (V)-new / 1.5 1 For detailed calculation
(11) 0.24 0.5 4 5 122.22 % 48.148 % 85.185 % refer Sheet 11
Special RC Structural walls ( Important service & community ) ( Critical – 2475 years return period )
Seismic Zone (IV)-old & (V)-new / 1.5 1 For detailed calculation
(12) 0.24 0.625 4 5 177.78 % 85.185 % 131.482 % refer Sheet 12
Special RC Structural walls ( Important service & community ) ( Special – 4975 years return period )
Seismic Zone (IV)-old & (V)-new / 1 1 For detailed calculation
(13) 0.24 0.333 5 5 177.5 % 85 % 131.25 % refer Sheet 13
SMRFs ( All other building ) ( Normal – 475 years return period )
Seismic Zone (IV)-old & (V)-new / 1.2 1 For detailed calculation
(14) 0.24 0.4 5 5 177.78 % 85.185 % 131.482 % refer Sheet 14
SMRFs ( Occupancy More than 200 ) ( Important – 975 years return period )
Seismic Zone (IV)-old & (V)-new / 1.5 1 For detailed calculation
(15) 0.24 0.5 5 5 177.78 % 85.185 % 131.482 % refer Sheet 15
SMRFs ( Important service & community ) ( Critical – 2475 years return period )
Seismic Zone (IV)-old & (V)-new / 1.5 1 For detailed calculation
(16) 0.24 0.625 5 5 247.22 % 131.482 % 189.352 % refer Sheet 16
SMRFs ( Important service & community ) ( Special – 4975 years return period )
Seismic Zone (IV)-old & (VI)-new / 1 1 For detailed calculation
(17) 0.24 0.5 4 5 233.33 % 122.22 % 177.78 % refer Sheet 17
Special RC Structural walls ( All other building ) ( Normal – 475 years return period )
Seismic Zone (IV)-old & (VI)-new / 1.2 1 For detailed calculation
(18) 0.24 0.6 4 5 233.33 % 122.22 % 177.78 % refer Sheet 18
Special RC Structural walls ( Occupancy More than 200 ) ( Important – 975 years return period )
Seismic Zone (IV)-old & (VI)-new / 1.5 1 For detailed calculation
(19) 0.24 0.75 4 5 233.33 % 122.22 % 177.78 % refer Sheet 19
Special RC Structural walls ( Important service & community ) ( Critical – 2475 years return period )
Seismic Zone (IV)-old & (VI)-new / 1.5 1 For detailed calculation
(20) 0.24 0.94 4 5 317.78 % 178.52 % 248.15 % refer Sheet 20
Special RC Structural walls ( Important service & community ) ( Special – 4975 years return period )
Seismic Zone (IV)-old & (VI)-new / 1 1 For detailed calculation
(21) 0.24 0.5 5 5 316.67 % 177.78 % 247.22 % refer Sheet 21
SMRFs ( All other building ) ( Normal – 475 years return period )
Seismic Zone (IV)-old & (VI)-new / 1.2 1 For detailed calculation
(22) 0.24 0.6 5 5 316.67 % 177.78 % 247.22 % refer Sheet 22
SMRFs ( Occupancy More than 200 ) ( Important – 975 years return period )
Seismic Zone (IV)-old & (VI)-new / 1.5 1 For detailed calculation
(23) 0.24 0.75 5 5 316.67 % 177.78 % 247.22 % refer Sheet 23
SMRFs ( Important service & community ) ( Critical – 2475 years return period )
Seismic Zone (IV)-old & (VI)-new / 1.5 1 For detailed calculation
(24) 0.24 0.94 5 5 422.22 % 248.15 % 335.19 % refer Sheet 24
SMRFs ( Important service & community ) ( Special – 4975 years return period )
REFERENCE DOCUMENT SHEET NO.
COMPARISON OF ( IS 1893 : 2016 ) &
( IS 1893 : 2025 ) IN TERMS OF PERCENTAGE INCREASE IN EARTHQUAKE FORCES 1
SUBJECT PREPARED BY CHECKED BY DATE
DETAILED CALCULATION SHEET Mohd. Farhan Mohd. Farhan 02-12-2025
REFERENCE DOCUMENT SHEET NO.
COMPARISON OF ( IS 1893 : 2016 ) &
( IS 1893 : 2025 ) IN TERMS OF PERCENTAGE INCREASE IN EARTHQUAKE FORCES 2
SUBJECT PREPARED BY CHECKED BY DATE
DETAILED CALCULATION SHEET Mohd. Farhan Mohd. Farhan 02-12-2025
REFERENCE DOCUMENT SHEET NO.
COMPARISON OF ( IS 1893 : 2016 ) &
( IS 1893 : 2025 ) IN TERMS OF PERCENTAGE INCREASE IN EARTHQUAKE FORCES 3
SUBJECT PREPARED BY CHECKED BY DATE
DETAILED CALCULATION SHEET Mohd. Farhan Mohd. Farhan 02-12-2025
REFERENCE DOCUMENT SHEET NO.
COMPARISON OF ( IS 1893 : 2016 ) &
( IS 1893 : 2025 ) IN TERMS OF PERCENTAGE INCREASE IN EARTHQUAKE FORCES 4
SUBJECT PREPARED BY CHECKED BY DATE
DETAILED CALCULATION SHEET Mohd. Farhan Mohd. Farhan 02-12-2025
REFERENCE DOCUMENT SHEET NO.
COMPARISON OF ( IS 1893 : 2016 ) &
( IS 1893 : 2025 ) IN TERMS OF PERCENTAGE INCREASE IN EARTHQUAKE FORCES 5
SUBJECT PREPARED BY CHECKED BY DATE
DETAILED CALCULATION SHEET Mohd. Farhan Mohd. Farhan 02-12-2025
REFERENCE DOCUMENT SHEET NO.
COMPARISON OF ( IS 1893 : 2016 ) &
( IS 1893 : 2025 ) IN TERMS OF PERCENTAGE INCREASE IN EARTHQUAKE FORCES 6
SUBJECT PREPARED BY CHECKED BY DATE
DETAILED CALCULATION SHEET Mohd. Farhan Mohd. Farhan 02-12-2025
REFERENCE DOCUMENT SHEET NO.
COMPARISON OF ( IS 1893 : 2016 ) &
( IS 1893 : 2025 ) IN TERMS OF PERCENTAGE INCREASE IN EARTHQUAKE FORCES 7
SUBJECT PREPARED BY CHECKED BY DATE
DETAILED CALCULATION SHEET Mohd. Farhan Mohd. Farhan 02-12-2025
REFERENCE DOCUMENT SHEET NO.
COMPARISON OF ( IS 1893 : 2016 ) &
( IS 1893 : 2025 ) IN TERMS OF PERCENTAGE INCREASE IN EARTHQUAKE FORCES 8
SUBJECT PREPARED BY CHECKED BY DATE
DETAILED CALCULATION SHEET Mohd. Farhan Mohd. Farhan 02-12-2025
REFERENCE DOCUMENT SHEET NO.
COMPARISON OF ( IS 1893 : 2016 ) &
( IS 1893 : 2025 ) IN TERMS OF PERCENTAGE INCREASE IN EARTHQUAKE FORCES 9
SUBJECT PREPARED BY CHECKED BY DATE
DETAILED CALCULATION SHEET Mohd. Farhan Mohd. Farhan 02-12-2025
REFERENCE DOCUMENT SHEET NO.
COMPARISON OF ( IS 1893 : 2016 ) &
( IS 1893 : 2025 ) IN TERMS OF PERCENTAGE INCREASE IN EARTHQUAKE FORCES 10
SUBJECT PREPARED BY CHECKED BY DATE
DETAILED CALCULATION SHEET Mohd. Farhan Mohd. Farhan 02-12-2025
REFERENCE DOCUMENT SHEET NO.
COMPARISON OF ( IS 1893 : 2016 ) &
( IS 1893 : 2025 ) IN TERMS OF PERCENTAGE INCREASE IN EARTHQUAKE FORCES 11
SUBJECT PREPARED BY CHECKED BY DATE
DETAILED CALCULATION SHEET Mohd. Farhan Mohd. Farhan 02-12-2025
REFERENCE DOCUMENT SHEET NO.
COMPARISON OF ( IS 1893 : 2016 ) &
( IS 1893 : 2025 ) IN TERMS OF PERCENTAGE INCREASE IN EARTHQUAKE FORCES 12
SUBJECT PREPARED BY CHECKED BY DATE
DETAILED CALCULATION SHEET Mohd. Farhan Mohd. Farhan 02-12-2025
REFERENCE DOCUMENT SHEET NO.
COMPARISON OF ( IS 1893 : 2016 ) &
( IS 1893 : 2025 ) IN TERMS OF PERCENTAGE INCREASE IN EARTHQUAKE FORCES 13
SUBJECT PREPARED BY CHECKED BY DATE
DETAILED CALCULATION SHEET Mohd. Farhan Mohd. Farhan 02-12-2025
REFERENCE DOCUMENT SHEET NO.
COMPARISON OF ( IS 1893 : 2016 ) &
( IS 1893 : 2025 ) IN TERMS OF PERCENTAGE INCREASE IN EARTHQUAKE FORCES 14
SUBJECT PREPARED BY CHECKED BY DATE
DETAILED CALCULATION SHEET Mohd. Farhan Mohd. Farhan 02-12-2025
REFERENCE DOCUMENT SHEET NO.
COMPARISON OF ( IS 1893 : 2016 ) &
( IS 1893 : 2025 ) IN TERMS OF PERCENTAGE INCREASE IN EARTHQUAKE FORCES 15
SUBJECT PREPARED BY CHECKED BY DATE
DETAILED CALCULATION SHEET Mohd. Farhan Mohd. Farhan 02-12-2025
REFERENCE DOCUMENT SHEET NO.
COMPARISON OF ( IS 1893 : 2016 ) &
( IS 1893 : 2025 ) IN TERMS OF PERCENTAGE INCREASE IN EARTHQUAKE FORCES 16
SUBJECT PREPARED BY CHECKED BY DATE
DETAILED CALCULATION SHEET Mohd. Farhan Mohd. Farhan 02-12-2025
REFERENCE DOCUMENT SHEET NO.
COMPARISON OF ( IS 1893 : 2016 ) &
( IS 1893 : 2025 ) IN TERMS OF PERCENTAGE INCREASE IN EARTHQUAKE FORCES 17
SUBJECT PREPARED BY CHECKED BY DATE
DETAILED CALCULATION SHEET Mohd. Farhan Mohd. Farhan 02-12-2025
REFERENCE DOCUMENT SHEET NO.
COMPARISON OF ( IS 1893 : 2016 ) &
( IS 1893 : 2025 ) IN TERMS OF PERCENTAGE INCREASE IN EARTHQUAKE FORCES 18
SUBJECT PREPARED BY CHECKED BY DATE
DETAILED CALCULATION SHEET Mohd. Farhan Mohd. Farhan 02-12-2025
REFERENCE DOCUMENT SHEET NO.
COMPARISON OF ( IS 1893 : 2016 ) &
( IS 1893 : 2025 ) IN TERMS OF PERCENTAGE INCREASE IN EARTHQUAKE FORCES 19
SUBJECT PREPARED BY CHECKED BY DATE
DETAILED CALCULATION SHEET Mohd. Farhan Mohd. Farhan 02-12-2025
REFERENCE DOCUMENT SHEET NO.
COMPARISON OF ( IS 1893 : 2016 ) &
( IS 1893 : 2025 ) IN TERMS OF PERCENTAGE INCREASE IN EARTHQUAKE FORCES 20
SUBJECT PREPARED BY CHECKED BY DATE
DETAILED CALCULATION SHEET Mohd. Farhan Mohd. Farhan 02-12-2025
REFERENCE DOCUMENT SHEET NO.
COMPARISON OF ( IS 1893 : 2016 ) &
( IS 1893 : 2025 ) IN TERMS OF PERCENTAGE INCREASE IN EARTHQUAKE FORCES 21
SUBJECT PREPARED BY CHECKED BY DATE
DETAILED CALCULATION SHEET Mohd. Farhan Mohd. Farhan 02-12-2025
REFERENCE DOCUMENT SHEET NO.
COMPARISON OF ( IS 1893 : 2016 ) &
( IS 1893 : 2025 ) IN TERMS OF PERCENTAGE INCREASE IN EARTHQUAKE FORCES 22
SUBJECT PREPARED BY CHECKED BY DATE
DETAILED CALCULATION SHEET Mohd. Farhan Mohd. Farhan 02-12-2025
REFERENCE DOCUMENT SHEET NO.
COMPARISON OF ( IS 1893 : 2016 ) &
( IS 1893 : 2025 ) IN TERMS OF PERCENTAGE INCREASE IN EARTHQUAKE FORCES 23
SUBJECT PREPARED BY CHECKED BY DATE
DETAILED CALCULATION SHEET Mohd. Farhan Mohd. Farhan 02-12-2025
REFERENCE DOCUMENT SHEET NO.
COMPARISON OF ( IS 1893 : 2016 ) &
( IS 1893 : 2025 ) IN TERMS OF PERCENTAGE INCREASE IN EARTHQUAKE FORCES 24
SUBJECT PREPARED BY CHECKED BY DATE
DETAILED CALCULATION SHEET Mohd. Farhan Mohd. Farhan 02-12-2025
