Making Genetics Easy and Fun!
Kristin Majda
CSU Channel Islands [email protected]
Making Genetics Easy and Fun!
Kristin Majda
Education BS Biology & Minor in Professional Writing, U.C. Santa Barbara Single Subject Clear Credential with CLAD, Cal State Northridge MS Biotechnology & MBA, Cal State Channel Islands Experience Technical Writer Ventura County High School Science Teacher Oxnard College Instructor: Biology, Microbiology CIRM Grant Analyst at Cal State Channel Islands VP of Gold Coast Science Network (GCSN), Operating Council for the Discovery Center for Science and Technology, Bio Science Alliance (BSA) Workforce Development Group, American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
Making Genetics Easy and Fun!
Agenda
This presentation intends to:
1. Demonstrate a fun lesson teachers can use to reinforce concepts of meiosis and Mendelian Genetics 2. Introduce teachers to excellent resources for understanding and teaching genetics and biotechnology
Making Genetics Easy and Fun!
Fun Activities
1. Lung Model (not genetics, but super cool!)
2. Mitosis and Meiosis Play Dough Activity 3. Mitosis and Meiosis Puzzle Activity
4. Protein Synthesis Modeling Activity (using the Preproinsulin sequence)
Can integrate peer-reviewed journal articles into the curriculum using this lesson based on the 1980 paper that solved the structure of insulin Nucelotide Sequence of Human Preproinsulin Complementary DNA published in Science.
Making Genetics Easy and Fun!
Fun Activities
1. Lung Model (not genetics, but super cool!)
2. Mitosis and Meiosis Play Dough Activity 3. Mitosis and Meiosis Puzzle Activity
4. Protein Synthesis Modeling Activity (using the Preproinsulin sequence)
Can integrate peer-reviewed journal articles into the curriculum using this lesson based on the 1980 paper that solved the structure of insulin Nucelotide Sequence of Human Preproinsulin Complementary DNA published in Science.
Mitosis Class Activity
Use play dough to act out the steps of mitosis
1. Prophase
Chromatin condenses to form chromosomes Mitotic spindle begins to form
Interphase DNA Synthesis
2. Metaphase
Mitotic spindle attaches to chromatid pairs and pulls them into alignment at center of cell
3. Anaphase
Centromeres replicate Mitotic spindle pulls chromatids apart to opposite sides of cell
4. Telophase
The cell membrane invaginates and pinches off between the two daughter cells
Meiosis Class Activity
Use play dough to act out the steps of meiosis
Prophase I
2. Chromatids pair up 3. Crossing over Telophase I 6. Cytokinesis Interphase 1. DNA Synthesis Metaphase I 4. Chromatid pairs line up Anaphase I 5. Random Assortment
7. Prophase II 8. Metaphase II 9. Anaphase II 10. Telophase II
Making Genetics Easy and Fun!
Fun Activities
1.
2. 3.
Lung Model (not genetics, but super cool!)
Mitosis and Meiosis Play Dough Activity Mitosis and Meiosis Puzzle Activity
4.
Protein Synthesis Modeling Activity (using the Preproinsulin sequence)
Can integrate peer-reviewed journal articles into the curriculum using this lesson based on the 1980 paper that solved the structure of insulin Nucelotide Sequence of Human Preproinsulin Complementary DNA published in Science.
Making Genetics Easy and Fun!
Paper Bag Pets: A Genetics Project
1.
2. 3. 4. 5. 6.
Decorate a pet paper bag with traits that adhere to a given set of phenotype choices
Fill in Table of Alleles and create chromosomes for your paper bag pet that reflect its genotype for each trait Create gametes for your pet paper bag Find a mate and procreate Fill out the Punnett square worksheet to predict the traits of your offspring Give birth: decorate your baby bag with phenotypes that match its genotypes and fill out the birth certificate
Making Genetics Easy and Fun!
Paper Bag Pets: A Genetics Project
1. Decorate a pet paper bag with traits that adhere to a given set of phenotype choices Fill in Table of Alleles and create chromosomes for your paper bag pet that reflect its genotype for each trait Reinforce and help students differentiate between phenotype and genotype Reinforce that genetic traits are determined by genes, which are found on chromosomes
2.
3.
4. 5. 6.
Create gametes for your pet paper bag
Find a mate and procreate Fill out the Punnett square worksheet to predict the traits of your offspring Give birth: decorate your baby bag with phenotypes that match its genotypes and fill out the birth certificate
Demonstrate the difference between autosomes and sex chromosomes
Demonstrate that many organisms, like humans, have two sets of each gene unless it occurs on the Y chromosome
Making Genetics Easy and Fun!
Paper Bag Pets: A Genetics Project
Decorate a pet paper bag with traits that adhere to this given set of phenotype choices:
Gender Tail male or female? tail or no tail? (females cannot have tails)
Eye Shape
Eye Color Eyelashes
round or oval (almond) shaped?
brown, blue, green, yellow? has eyelashes or is lashless?
Nose Shape
Hair Color Ear Shape
circular or triangular?
black, brown, or yellow? round or pointed?
Making Genetics Easy and Fun!
Paper Bag Pets: A Genetics Project
Fill in Table of Alleles for your paper bag pet that reflect its genotype for each trait
Making Genetics Easy and Fun!
Paper Bag Pets: A Genetics Project
Create chromosomes for your paper bag pet that reflect its genotype for each trait
For Females
Making Genetics Easy and Fun!
Paper Bag Pets: A Genetics Project
Create chromosomes for your paper bag pet that reflect its genotype for each trait
For Males
Making Genetics Easy and Fun!
Paper Bag Pets: A Genetics Project
1. Decorate a pet paper bag with traits that adhere to a given set of phenotype choices Fill in Table of Alleles and create chromosomes for your paper bag pet that reflect its genotype for each trait Reinforce and help students differentiate between phenotype and genotype Reinforce that genetic traits are determined by genes, which are found on chromosomes
2.
3.
4. 5. 6.
Create gametes for your pet paper bag
Find a mate and procreate Fill out the Punnett square worksheet to predict the traits of your offspring Give birth: decorate your baby bag with phenotypes that match its genotypes and fill out the birth certificate
Demonstrate the difference between autosomes and sex chromosomes
Demonstrate that many organisms, like humans, have two sets of each gene unless it occurs on the Y chromosome
Making Genetics Easy and Fun!
Paper Bag Pets: A Genetics Project
1. Decorate a pet paper bag with traits that adhere to a given set of phenotype choices Fill in Table of Alleles and create chromosomes for your paper bag pet that reflect its genotype for each trait Demonstrate the steps of meiosis and how this process promotes genetic variation through mutations (that occur during DNA replication), crossing over, and random segregation/assortment Demonstrate the law of independent assortment Demonstrate how meiosis results in four genetically unique gametes Demonstrate how sexual reproduction promotes genetic diversity through fertilization (joining gametes from two different individuals)
2.
3.
4. 5. 6.
Create gametes for your pet paper bag
Find a mate and procreate Fill out the Punnett square worksheet to predict the traits of your offspring Give birth: decorate your baby bag with phenotypes that match its genotypes and fill out the birth certificate
Making Genetics Easy and Fun!
Paper Bag Pets: A Genetics Project
Create gametes for your pet paper bag
Step 1: DNA replication
For Males For Females
Making Genetics Easy and Fun!
Paper Bag Pets: A Genetics Project
Create gametes for your pet paper bag
Step 2: Crossing Over Step 3: Random Assortment
Crossing Over
Random assortment
Step 4: First cell division
Making Genetics Easy and Fun!
Paper Bag Pets: A Genetics Project
Create gametes for your pet paper bag
Step 5: Second cell division
Making Genetics Easy and Fun!
Paper Bag Pets: A Genetics Project
Find a mate and procreate
This is their FAVORITE part Students LOVE to have SEX
Making Genetics Easy and Fun!
Paper Bag Pets: A Genetics Project
1. Decorate a pet paper bag with traits that adhere to a given set of phenotype choices Fill in Table of Alleles and create chromosomes for your paper bag pet that reflect its genotype for each trait Demonstrate the steps of meiosis and how this process promotes genetic variation through mutations (that occur during DNA replication), crossing over, and random segregation/assortment Demonstrate the law of independent assortment Demonstrate how meiosis results in four genetically unique gametes Demonstrate how sexual reproduction promotes genetic diversity through fertilization (joining gametes from two different individuals)
2.
3.
4. 5. 6.
Create gametes for your pet paper bag
Find a mate and procreate Fill out the Punnett square worksheet to predict the traits of your offspring Give birth: decorate your baby bag with phenotypes that match its genotypes and fill out the birth certificate
Making Genetics Easy and Fun!
Paper Bag Pets: A Genetics Project
1. Decorate a pet paper bag with traits that adhere to a given set of phenotype choices Fill in Table of Alleles and create chromosomes for your paper bag pet that reflect its genotype for each trait Introduce or reinforce Mendelian genetics and practice making and using Punnett squares Demonstrate sex-linked inheritance and differentiate between inheritance patterns of traits on the X chromosome versus the y chromosome Differentiate between linked genes and genes that independently assort Reinforce dominant versus recessive allele expression You can also modify the project to make one or more sets of alleles demonstrate codominance or incomplete dominance
2.
3.
4. 5. 6.
Create gametes for your pet paper bag
Find a mate and procreate Fill out the Punnett square worksheet to predict the traits of your offspring Give birth: decorate your baby bag with phenotypes that match its genotypes and fill out the birth certificate
Making Genetics Easy and Fun!
Paper Bag Pets: A Genetics Project
Fill out the Punnett Square Worksheet
There are two versions, one provides more help for less advanced students.
Making Genetics Easy and Fun!
Paper Bag Pets: A Genetics Project
Fill out the Punnett Square Worksheet
There are two versions, one provides more help for less advanced students.
Making Genetics Easy and Fun!
Paper Bag Pets: A Genetics Project
Fill out the Punnett Square Worksheet
There are two versions, one provides more help for less advanced students.
Making Genetics Easy and Fun!
Paper Bag Pets: A Genetics Project
1. Decorate a pet paper bag with traits that adhere to a given set of phenotype choices Fill in Table of Alleles and create chromosomes for your paper bag pet that reflect its genotype for each trait Introduce or reinforce Mendelian genetics and practice making and using Punnett squares Demonstrate sex-linked inheritance and differentiate between inheritance patterns of traits on the X chromosome versus the y chromosome Differentiate between linked genes and genes that independently assort Reinforce dominant versus recessive allele expression You can also modify the project to make one or more sets of alleles demonstrate codominance or incomplete dominance
2.
3.
4. 5. 6.
Create gametes for your pet paper bag
Find a mate and procreate Fill out the Punnett square worksheet to predict the traits of your offspring Give birth: decorate your baby bag with phenotypes that match its genotypes and fill out the birth certificate
Making Genetics Easy and Fun!
Paper Bag Pets: A Genetics Project
1. Decorate a pet paper bag with traits that adhere to a given set of phenotype choices Fill in Table of Alleles and create chromosomes for your paper bag pet that reflect its genotype for each trait
2.
3.
4. 5. 6.
Create gametes for your pet paper bag
Find a mate and procreate Fill out the Punnett square worksheet to predict the traits of your offspring Give birth: decorate your baby bag with phenotypes that match its genotypes and fill out the birth certificate Final check for understanding: can students go from genotype phenotype
Making Genetics Easy and Fun!
Paper Bag Pets: A Genetics Project
Making Genetics Easy and Fun!
Paper Bag Pets: A Genetics Project
Method 1 Use as a culminating project at the end of your genetics unit to reinforce key concepts
or
Method 2 Use as a thematic project that spans your genetics unit and teach key concepts as you go
Making Genetics Easy and Fun!
Paper Bag Pets: A Genetics Project
Method 1: Culminating Project
Day 1 Day 2 Decorate a pet paper bag with traits that adhere to a given set of phenotype choices Create chromosomes for your paper bag pet that reflect its genotype for each trait (use rest of period to introduce or reinforce meiosis) Create gametes for your pet paper bag Find a mate and procreate Fill out the Punnett square worksheet to predict the traits of your offspring (first introduce or reinforce Mendelian genetics) Give birth: decorate your baby bag with phenotypes that match its genotypes and fill out the birth certificate
Day 3 Day 3 Day 4 Day 5
Making Genetics Easy and Fun!
Paper Bag Pets: A Genetics Project
Method 2: Thematic Unit Centered Around Project
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. Teach genes, traits, and phenotypes Decorate pet paper bag with phenotypic traits Teach chromosomal structure and packing Create chromosomes for your paper bag pet that reflect its genotype Teach DNA replication, mitosis, and meiosis Create gametes for your pet paper bag Teach sexual versus asexual reproduction Find a mate and procreate Reinforce mitosis and consider optional enrichment topics related to developmental biology, embryology, stem cell technology, etc Teach Mendelian genetics Fill out the Punnett square worksheet to predict traits of offspring Give birth: decorate baby bag with phenotypes that match its genotypes and fill out the birth certificate Follow up with protein synthesis (gene protein trait)
Making Genetics Easy and Fun!
Agenda
This presentation intends to:
1. Demonstrate a fun lesson teachers can use to reinforce concepts of meiosis and Mendelian Genetics 2. Introduce teachers to excellent resources for understanding and teaching genetics and biotechnology
Making Genetics Easy and Fun!
Resources for Teaching Genetics
Genetics and molecular biology involve abstract concepts
Animations are critical they engage students and enable them to visualize microscopic and/or abstract principles
The DNA Learning Center (DNALC) includes Animations Interactive websites Curriculum development tools Thematic lessons/units Reference material
www.dnalc.org/resources/animations
Making Genetics Easy and Fun!
Resources for Teaching Genetics
www.dnalc.org
Real-time animations of transcription, translation, DNA replication, and many biotechnologies - Many are downloadable
Stand-alone websites with excellent resources for teaching genetics and cellular and molecular biology
Making Genetics Easy and Fun!
Resources for Teaching Genetics
http://www.dnalc.org/resources/3d/index.html
Making Genetics Easy and Fun!
Resources for Teaching Genetics
http://www.dnalc.org/resources/3d/index.html
Making Genetics Easy and Fun!
Resources for Teaching Genetics
http://www.dnalc.org/resources/3d/index.html
Making Genetics Easy and Fun!
Resources for Teaching Genetics
http://www.dnalc.org/resources/3d/index.html
Making Genetics Easy and Fun!
Resources for Teaching Genetics
Genetic Basics (NIH Publication No. 01-662) Free Guide from National Institutes of Health. http://www.nigms.nih.gov/
The Genes We Share with Yeast, Flies, Worms, and Mice Free guide from the Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Office of Communications, 4000 Jones Bridge Road, Chevy Chase, Maryland, 208156789. http://www.hhmi.org
The Human Genome Project
http://www.ornl.gov/sci/techresources/Human_Genome/home.shtml http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/nova/genome/program.html
http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/nova/genome/sequ_flash.html
Award Winning Genetics Resources from the University of Utah
http://learn.genetics.utah.edu http://teach.genetics.utah.edu
Making Genetics Easy and Fun!
Resources for Teaching Biotechnology
Biotechnology
enables us to show real-world applications of genetics and provides opportunities for meaningful labs is part of the CA science standards for high school biology, but has applications to many standards across the sciences for all grade levels combines disciplines like genetics, molecular biology, biochemistry, embryology and cell biology; with applications in medicine, agriculture, environmental science, materials science, bio-fuels, etc.
Making Genetics Easy and Fun!
Resources for Teaching Biotechnology
Jobs in the biotechnology sector are increasing and there is a critical need for a vast range of skilled workers, from lab assistants to PhD researchers Biology and chemistry teachers can use applications of biotechnology to strongly engage student interest and stimulate student-directed investigation and experimentation in their classrooms
Making Genetics Easy and Fun!
Resources for Teaching Biotechnology
Biotechnologies include methods to:
Cut (restriction enzymes), paste (ligation), and move DNA segments from one chromosome to another (recombinant DNA) and/or one cell to another (transformation) (Genetic Engineering) Make many copies of DNA segments (amplification) Identify individuals and/or diseases based on their unique DNA profiles (DNA sequencing, DNA fingerprinting, immunoassays, bioinformatics) Determine evolutionary relationships (phylogenetics) within and between species Turn genes up (upregulation) and down (down regulation), or on (gene activation) and off (gene silencing) Grow cells (cell culture), manipulate stem cells to develop into specific tissue types (differentiation), or manipulate differentiated cells to regress back to stem cells Create genetically identical copies of organisms (cloning)
Making Genetics Easy and Fun!
Resources for Teaching Biotechnology
Bruce Wallace Biotechnology Lab Program Amgen Foundation provides all materials and equipment (including reagents) for eight comprehensive biotechnology labs. http://www.bwbiotechprogram.com
Making Genetics Easy and Fun!
Resources for Teaching Biotechnology
Fold it Protein folding game http://fold.it/portal/info/science
Making Genetics Easy and Fun!
Resources for Teaching Biotechnology
3D Molecular Designs Cool models of 3D molecular structures that provide nice hands-on experience. www.3dmoleculardesigns.com
Lends out molecular models for 2 weeks http://cbm.msoe.edu/teachRes/library/index.html
Making Genetics Easy and Fun!
Resources for Teaching Biotechnology
DNA Sequencing Tutorial/Animation
http://www.biostudio.com/case_freeman_dna_sequencing.html
Exploratorium Teacher Institute
Four week program in summer that teaches how to make all kinds of do it yourself activities (email [email protected] or call 415-561-0313)
McGraw Hills Biotechnology Animations
http://highered.mcgrawhill.com/sites/0072437316/student_view0/chapter16/animations.html
Stem Cells
http://www.sumanasinc.com/scienceinfocus/sif_stemcells.html http://www.dnalc.org/resources/animations/stemcells.html
Making Genetics Easy and Fun!
Resources for Teaching Biotechnology
ELISA Tutorials/Animations
http://www.sumanasinc.com/webcontent/animations/content/ELISA.html http://www.biology.arizona.edu/immunology/activities/elisa/technique.html http://highered.mcgrawhill.com/sites/0072556781/student_view0/chapter33/animation_quiz_1.html
Pregnancy Test Animation
Use this website and a pregnancy test from the Dollar Store to show your kids how antibodies are used to identify proteins in body fluids like blood and urine http://www.whfreeman.com/kuby/content/anm/kb07an01.htm
Microarray Tutorial/Animations
http://www.bio.davidson.edu/Courses/genomics/chip/chip.html
PCR Tutorial/Animation
http://www.maxanim.com/genetics/PCR/PCR.htm http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZmqqRPISg0g http://www.dnalc.org/resources/animations/pcr.html
Making Genetics Easy and Fun!
Resources for Teaching Biotechnology
Recombinant DNA Tutorial/Animation
http://www.bioteach.ubc.ca/TeachingResources/Applications/GMOpkgJKlose GLampard2.swf http://www.bioteach.ubc.ca/TeachingResources/Applications/GMOpkgJKlose GLampard2.swf http://webapps.css.udel.edu/biotech/rDNA.html
Gel Electrophoresis Tutorial/Animation
http://www.dnalc.org/ddnalc/resources/electrophoresis.html http://www.dnalc.org/resources/animations/gelelectrophoresis.html http://learn.genetics.utah.edu/content/labs/gel/
Making Genetics Easy and Fun!
Resources for Teaching Biotechnology
PyMOL to visualize small molecules and macromolecules in 3D. http://www.pymol.org/ Protein Data Bank is a database that includes structural and functional information about proteins, including the FASTA files needed to display them in PyMOL. http://www.rcsb.org/pdb Jmol is a simple tool for molecular visualization that has an online gallery for easy access, with limited control over the appearance of molecules. http://molvis.sdsc.edu/fgij/index.htm Biomolecular Explorer 3D provides information about and 3D images of relevent biological macromolecules right on the website. http://www.umass.edu/molvis/bme3d/index.html PredictProtein provides analyses protein you input and predicts structure. http://www.predictprotein.org/ Proteomics Tools http://www.expasy.ch/tools/
Making Genetics Easy and Fun!
Resources for Teaching Biotechnology
PubMed includes links to full text journal articles and other related resources. www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/ SWISS-PROT protein database. http://www.expasy.org/sprot/ SDSC Biology Workbench allows scientists to search many protein and nucleic acid sequence databases. http://workbench.sdsc.edu
JCVI-CMR (Comprehensive Microbial Resource) maintains databases that include prokaryotic, plant, fungal, and parasitic genomes. http://cmr.jcvi.org/tigr-scripts/CMR/CmrHomePage.cgi
ORF Finder scans a FASTA sequence for a segment of DNA to determine potential open reading frames (sections that code for a gene) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gorf/gorf.html Lipid bank http://lipidbank.jp/ Glycan Structure Database www.glycosuite.com
Making Genetics Easy and Fun!
Thank You!
Questions?
Kristin Majda [email protected] [email protected]
