DYNAMICS OF MACHINERY
UNIT I
FORCE ANALYSIS
INTRODUCTION
Prepared by
Mr.Mohankumar.V
Assistant Professor,
Mechatronics Engineering Department
UNIT I
FORCE ANALYSIS AND FLYWHEELS
Dynamic force analysis Inertia force and Inertia torque
D Alemberts principle Dynamic Analysis in
reciprocating engines Gas forces Inertia effect of
connecting rod Bearing loads Crank shaft torque
Turning moment diagrams Fly Wheels Flywheels of
punching presses- Dynamics of Cam follower mechanism.
CLASSIFICATION OF MECHANISMS
MECHANICS:
Mechanics is an area of science concerned with
the behavior of physical bodies when subjected to
forces or displacements, and the subsequent
effects of the bodies on their environment.
STATICS:
Statics is the branch of mechanics that is
concerned with the analysis of loads (force and
torque, or "moment") on physical systems in
static equilibrium, that is, in a state where the
relative positions of subsystems do not vary over
time, or where components and structures are at
a constant velocity.
DYNAMICS:
Dynamics is a branch of applied mathematics
(specifically classical mechanics) concerned with
the study of forces and torques and their effect on
motion.
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DYNAMICS
KINEMATICS
Kinematics is the branch of classical mechanics
which describes the motion of points, bodies
(objects) and systems of bodies (groups of objects)
without consideration of the causes of motion.
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KINETICS
Kinetics is the branch of classical mechanics
which describes the motion of points, bodies
(objects) and systems of bodies (groups of objects)
with consideration of the causes of motion.
SCALAR AND VECTOR QUANTITY
SCALAR AND VECTOR QUANTITY
NEWTONS LAWS OF MOTION
FIRST LAW:
An every body continuous in its state of rest or of
uniform motion in a straight line unless an
external forces acts on it.
NEWTONS LAWS OF MOTION
SECOND LAW:
The rate of change of momentum of a body is
directly proportional to the force acting on it and
takes place in the direction of force.
F= M.A
NEWTONS LAWS OF MOTION
THIRD LAW:
To every action there is an equal and opposite
reaction.
FORCE
A force is a push or pull upon an object resulting
from the object's interaction with another object.
Whenever there is an interaction between two
objects, there is a force upon each of the objects.
When the interaction ceases, the two objects no
longer experience the force.
FORCE
FORCE
TYPES OF FORCES
TYPES OF FORCES
APPLIED FORCE
Applied force means the force with which an
object has been pushed or pulled by another
object.
FRICTIONAL FORCE
Frictional force is force that acts between two
surfaces that are moving past another.
INERTIA
It is the property of body by virtue of which it
remains in its state of uniform in motion until a
force is applied on it.
It is the property of matter offering resistance to
any changes of its state of rest or of uniform
motion in a straight line is known as inertia.
INERTIA FORCE
A force opposite in direction to an accelerating
force acting on a body and equal to the product of
the accelerating force and the mass of the body.
INERTIA TORQUE
It is an imaginary torque, which when applied
upon rigid body, brings it in equilibrium position.
Its magnitude is equal to the accelerating couple,
but opposite in direction.
The inertia of the body opposes the external
torque applied and it is known as inertia torque.
Inertia Torque (T) = - Acceleration Couple (-I)
Where, I = Mass moment of inertia of the body,
= Angular acceleration
INERTIA COUPLE
Inertia couple is the product of mass moment of
Inertia and angular acceleration of the rigid
body.
MASS MOMENT OF INERTIA
When a rigid body is made to rotate about a point
with angular acceleration , it offers resistance.
The resistance to the angular acceleration is
called as Mass moment of Inertia.
The sum of the quantities of Mass of every
particle of rigid body is multiplied by the square
of its perpendicular distance from reference line
is known as Mass moment of inertia. It is
denoted by I.
I = mk2
The unit of mass moment of inertia in S.I unit is
kg-m2.
CENTER OF GRAVITY
If total mass of the body is assumed to
concentrate at one point, known as Centre of
gravity, at a distance k from the reference
axis, such that,
RADIUS OF GYRATION- K
It may be defined as the distance from a given
reference line, where the whole mass of the body
is assumed to be concentrated.
RIGID BODY
A rigid body is one in which does not undergo any
or appreciable deformation while transmission of
the motion.
TYPES OF FORCE ANALYSIS
STATIC FORCE ANALYSIS
DYNAMIC FORCE ANALYSIS
