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Chapter 19

The document discusses Synchronous Optical Networking (SONET) and Synchronous Digital Hierarchy (SDH) standards. It covers SONET frames, multiplexing of STS frames, the layered architecture including physical and transport layers, encapsulation of data, overhead bytes, and multiplexing of lower rate STS signals into higher rate envelopes. Figures are provided to illustrate SONET systems, layers, encapsulation, frame structures, overhead fields, virtual tributaries, and multiplexing.

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108 views16 pages

Chapter 19

The document discusses Synchronous Optical Networking (SONET) and Synchronous Digital Hierarchy (SDH) standards. It covers SONET frames, multiplexing of STS frames, the layered architecture including physical and transport layers, encapsulation of data, overhead bytes, and multiplexing of lower rate STS signals into higher rate envelopes. Figures are provided to illustrate SONET systems, layers, encapsulation, frame structures, overhead fields, virtual tributaries, and multiplexing.

Uploaded by

Soundarya
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Chapter 19

SONET/SDH

• Synchronous Transport Signals


• Physical Configuration
• The SONET Frame
• Multiplexing STS Frames

WCB/McGraw-Hill  The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., 1998


Figure 19-1

SONET System

WCB/McGraw-Hill  The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., 1998


Figure 19-2
SONET Layers

WCB/McGraw-Hill  The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., 1998


Figure 19-3

Device-Layer Relationship

WCB/McGraw-Hill  The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., 1998


Figure 19-4
Data Encapsulation

WCB/McGraw-Hill  The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., 1998


Figure 19-5

STS-1 Frame

WCB/McGraw-Hill  The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., 1998


Figure 19-6

STS-1
Overhead

WCB/McGraw-Hill  The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., 1998


Figure 19-7
Section Overhead

WCB/McGraw-Hill  The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., 1998


Figure 19-8
Line Overhead

WCB/McGraw-Hill  The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., 1998


Figure 19-9
Payload Pointers

WCB/McGraw-Hill  The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., 1998


Figure 19-10
Path Overhead

WCB/McGraw-Hill  The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., 1998


Figure 19-11
Virtual Tributaries

WCB/McGraw-Hill  The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., 1998


Figure 19-12
VT Types

WCB/McGraw-Hill  The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., 1998


Figure 19-13

STS-n

WCB/McGraw-Hill  The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., 1998


Figure 19-14

STS Multiplexing

WCB/McGraw-Hill  The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., 1998


Figure 19-15

ATM in an STS-3 Envelope

WCB/McGraw-Hill  The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., 1998

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