TYPES OF

COMMUNITIES
Types of Communities

1. Formal communities
2. Informal communities
3. Urban communities
4. Rural communities
5. Global communities
6. Sectoral communities
7. Social Space communities
FORMAL COMMUNITY VS INFORMAL COMMUNITY

A formal group is formed when people A Informal group are not subjected to
come together to accomplish specific any rules and regulations in the company,
goals and objectives. and the members of this group willingly
belong to this group.
 Characteristic of formal and informal group

o The formal group is characterized in o Informal group is consists of a

engaging joint activities and
set personal relations, social
discussion, helping each other, and
sharing information with each networks, common interest and
other. emotional sources of motivation.
Example of formal and informal group
Formal communities Informal communities

Ecovillages Religious communities

ACADEMIC Retirement

Co-ops communities Co-housing communities

COMPARISON CHART OF FORMAL AND INFORMAL
BASIS FOR COMPARISON FORMAL GROUP INFORMAL GROUP

Meaning groups created by the organization, for the groups created by the employees themselves,
purpose of accomplishing a specific task for their own sake

Formation Deliberately voluntarily

Size Large Comparatively small

Life Depends on the type of group Depends on the members

Structure Well defined not defined

Importance is given to Position Person

Relationship Professional Personal

Communication Moves in a defined direction Stretches in all directions

URBAN VS RURAL COMMUNITY

The term urban refers to the region or A rural refers to a small settlement, which
area which is densely populated and is outside the boundaries of a city,
possess the characteristic of the man- commercial or industrial area.
made surroundings.
Two condition: Physical and Social
condition
Characteristic of urban and rural community
URBAN RURAL
o Greater personal interaction
o Advancement in science and technology o Deep, long-term relationships
o Many business establishments, o Generally, peace and order exists
recreational centers, educational and
religious institution o Emphasis of shared values
o Many crimes are committed o Wider area
o Family ties tend to be weak o Beliefs in supernatural and superstitious
beliefs
o Limited space
o Relationship is more personal and
o Greater impersonality among neighbors informal
o Higher standard of living o Less pollution
o Shortage of employment o Few establishments and institutions
o Major occupations are industrial, o Few goods and services
administrative and professional
 GLOBAL COMMUNITY AND ITS CHARACTERISTICS
A global community are the people or
nations of the world, considered as being
closely connected by modern
telecommunications and as being
economically , socially, and politically
interdependent.

Characteristics of Global communities

o World community
o Common point of view towards issues
of human rights, global warming and
climate change, peace and order,
socio-economic conditions as well as
disputed issues such as territorial
conflict.
COMPARISON CHART OF URBAN AND RURAL
BASIS FOR COMPARISON URBAN RURAL

Meaning A settlement where the population is very high and An area located in the outskirts, is known as rural.
has the features of a built environment, is known as
urban.

Includes Cities and towns Villages and hamlet

Life Fast and complicated Simple and relaxed

Environment Greater isolation from nature Direct contact with nature

Associated with Non-agriculture work, i.e trade, commerce or Agriculture and livestock.
provision of services.

Population size Densely populated Sparsely populated

Development Planned settlement exist in urban areas that are Developed randomly, based on availability of natural
developed according to the process of urbanization vegetation and fauna in the area.
and industrialization.

Social mobility Highly intensive Less intensive

Division of labor Always present at the time of job allotment. No such division.
 SECTORAL COMMUNITY AND ITS CHARACTERISTIC

• Community sectors can mean a number of

different things. In some cases, it describes
broad categories – the public and private
sectors.
• It’s pointing a various group that people in
the larger community might be divided into
for reasons of common social, political,
economic, culture, or religious interests.

Characteristic of Sectoral Communities

 Voluntary, non-profit and non-governmental
 Third sector(in contrast to public and private
sector)
 NGOs: Non-governmental organization
So what are these sectors?

HEALTH GOVERNMENT RELIGION

EDUCATION BUSINESS SPORTS

So what are these sectors?

MEDIA YOUTH PARENTS

CULTURE ENVIRONMENT
EXAMPLE OF SECTORAL COMMUNITIES
Example of Sectoral Communities
1. Non-profit organization- a nonprofit
organization is business that has been granted
tax-exempt status by the Internal Revenue
Services (IRS) because it furthers a social
cause and provide a public benefits.

2. Non-governmental organization- organization

which are independent of government
involvement.
 SOCIAL SPACE COMMUNITIES AND ITS
CHARACTERISTIC
A social space is physical or a virtual Characteristic of Social Space Communities
 environmental infrastructure
space such as social center, online social  Natural and semi-natural (man influenced)
media, or other gathering place where green infrastructure elements
people gather and interact  Natural spaces
 Environment as social space, place of
interaction
 Public space/open space related to human’s
daily life
 Green recreation zones
 Social green surrounding
 Safe place, etc.
EXAMPLE OF SOCIAL SPACE COMMUNITIES

SOCIAL CENTER TOWN SQUARES

PARKS MALLS