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Understanding Fuzzy Logic Concepts

Fuzzy logic deals with imprecise data using degrees of membership between 0 and 1 rather than binary crisp sets. It resembles human decision making. A membership function defines the degree to which elements belong to a fuzzy set. Fuzzy logic architecture includes fuzzification to convert crisp inputs to fuzzy states, a rule base of guidelines, an inference engine that processes information, and defuzzification to produce a clear output from fuzzy inputs and rules. For example, in a temperature control system, fuzzification converts a temperature to a state, rules determine the action, inference combines them, and defuzzification gives a clear thermostat setting.

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54 views12 pages

Understanding Fuzzy Logic Concepts

Fuzzy logic deals with imprecise data using degrees of membership between 0 and 1 rather than binary crisp sets. It resembles human decision making. A membership function defines the degree to which elements belong to a fuzzy set. Fuzzy logic architecture includes fuzzification to convert crisp inputs to fuzzy states, a rule base of guidelines, an inference engine that processes information, and defuzzification to produce a clear output from fuzzy inputs and rules. For example, in a temperature control system, fuzzification converts a temperature to a state, rules determine the action, inference combines them, and defuzzification gives a clear thermostat setting.

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Fuzzy Logic

o Fuzzy Logic resembles the human decision-making methodology. It deals with


vague and imprecise information.
o represents uncertainty.
o represents with degree.
Crisp Set
• Crisp sets are characterized by sharp boundaries, and elements are either fully
part of the set or entirely outside it.
• Each element either belongs to the set or does not, without any degrees of
membership
• Examples of crisp sets include the set of even numbers, the set of prime
numbers, etc.
Fuzzy Set
• A fuzzy set, on the other hand, extends the concept of a crisp set by
allowing degrees of membership.
• In a fuzzy set, elements can have a partial membership, represented
by a value in the range between 0 and 1.
• Examples of fuzzy sets include the set of tall people.
Membership Function
• Membership function defines the fuzziness in a fuzzy set
irrespective of the elements in the set, which are discrete or
continuous.
• The membership function assigns values within the range [0, 1].
• A value of 0 indicates no membership (the element does not belong
to the set).
• A value of 1 indicates full membership (the element entirely belongs
to the set).
Example:

Membership function μ

0 40 80
slow fast
Fuzzy Logic Architecture
Fuzzification

• Fuzzification is the process of converting a crisp input value to a


fuzzy value that is performed by the use of the information in the
knowledge base. It divides the crisp inputs into 5 state:
• Large positive
• Medium Positive
• Small
• Medium Negative
• Large Negative
Rule Base
• In fuzzy logic, we often use a set of rules to make decisions. These
rules are stored in what we call a "rule base.“
• Think of the rule base as a collection of guidelines or instructions
that help the system decide what action to take based on the input it
receives.
Inference Engine
• This component is a main component in any Fuzzy Logic system
(FLS), because all the information is processed in the Inference
Engine.
• It allows users to find the matching degree between the current
fuzzy input and the rules.
Defuzzification
• Defuzzification is the process of converting fuzzy output, which
represents a range of possibilities, into a crisp, actionable result.
• It is the step where the fuzzy decision or output is translated into a
clear and specific action or value.
Example :Temprature Control System
• Input: The current temperature in the room is 22 degrees Celsius.
• Fuzzification: This crisp value is fuzzified into a fuzzy set like
"moderate warmth.“
• Fuzzy Rule Base: A rule might say, "If it's moderately warm, then
maintain the current temperature.“
• Inference Engine: It combines the fuzzy input with the rule to decide
to maintain the temperature.
• Output: The fuzzy output could be something like "maintain the
current setting.“
• Defuzzification: This fuzzy instruction is turned into a clear action,
like keeping the thermostat at 22 degrees Celsius.
Thank You

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