SEd Inst 2

CREATIVE and CRITICAL THINKING

 Module 2
DESIGN THINKING
Design Thinking

Design thinking is a human-centered approach

to innovation that draws from the designer's
toolkit to integrate the needs of people, the
possibilities of technology, and the
requirements for business success (Brown, IDEO).
 Design thinking is a deep human
process that taps into abilities we have that
maybe overlooked by more conventional
problem-solving practices. It relies on our
ability to be intuitive, recognize patterns,
and construct ideas that are emotionally
meaningful as well as functional.
 A concept is
innovative if it meets
Desirability human needs
Viability (Desirability), is
implementable
(Feasibility) and can
Feasibility
sustain the business
(Viability).
A concept is innovative if we
combine together what is desirable
from a human point of view with
what is technologically feasible and
economically viable
 Design thinking requires collaboration.

The success of a Design Thinking project is

often credited to the way the project team is
formed. It often involves getting people from
multi-disciplinary backgrounds and engaging
users early in the project.
 Design Thinking Framework

The phases of Frame a Gather

Question Inspiration
design thinking
based on IDEO
can take you from Make Ideas
Tangible
Generate
Ideas
a blank slate to a
new, innovative
solution Test to
Learn
Share the
Story
 Frame a Question
Identify a driving question that inspires others to search for creative solutions.
Gather Inspiration
Inspire new thinking by discovering what people really need.
Generate Ideas
Push past obvious solutions to get to breakthrough ideas.
Make Ideas Tangible
Build rough prototypes to learn how to make ideas better.
Test to Learn
Refine ideas by gathering feedback and experimenting forward.
Share the Story
Craft a human story to inspire others toward action.
 PIPE Model of Design Thinking
(Aggabao, 2019)

The PIPE Model design thinking (DT)

process is built from the stand point of
continuous improvement. In this lens,
innovation is not a terminal process. Rather,
every innovation is considered best product
that is subject to enhancement.
The model uses attitudes and dispositions based on critical and
creative thinking to create innovation.
It offers a need-based approach towards innovation
guided by the use of the following principles:
Exploration,
Ideation,
Reflective Judgement
and
Self-regulation
to come up with the best product or solution to a
problem.
Innovation and design may well serve as a
platform to the learning process and an
extension delivery modality through
systematic collaboration, partnership, and
immersion. This organization maximizes
participation of institutions, faculty,
students, and communities.
Social Innovation programs that use design thinking
to address problems in a community:

For Singapore Polytechnic-

Learning Express Program

For Isabela State University-

Design Express Program
 ACTIVITY

How does the PIPE model of

design thinking promote
collaboration and contribute
to innovation?
ASSESSMENT TASK

Write down your thoughts about

design thinking. Incorporate in
your reflection the concept of
social innovation learned in
Module 1, the PIPE model of
design thinking.
 Module 3
PIPE MODEL OF DESIGN THINKING

Phase 1. Purpose
Empathetic Understanding
Phase 1. Purpose - Empathetic Understanding

The Phase 1- Purpose BUILDS ON exploration phase that

takes off from the quest to dig on for what inspires
people to get engaged in the innovation process. It
employs the designer’s CRITICAL THINKING on the design
space for problem recognition, problem definition, and
as the designers get high level of empathetic
understanding of the problem, guide exploration into the
solution space by enacting the ideation phase of the
design process.
 Learning to think in critically,
analytical and evaluative ways It is an analytic-
means using mental processes
such as
evaluative
process to
focusing

categorizing
support
selecting
informed
judging
decision making.
10 Differences Between Creative Thinking and Critical Thinking

Focus Process
Creative Thinking: Creative Thinking:
generates new divergent thinking,
ideas, concepts, or brainstorming, and
solutions mind mapping

Critical thinking:
Critical thinking:
analyzes,
convergent
evaluates, and
thinking, analysis,
judges existing
and evaluation
ideas
10 Differences Between Creative Thinking and Critical Thinking

Goal Attitude
Creative Thinking:
Creative Thinking:
open-minded,
generate as many
flexible, and
ideas as possible
playful

Critical thinking:
Critical thinking:
skeptical,
select the best
objective, and
idea or solution
analytical
10 Differences Between Creative Thinking and Critical Thinking

Risk Evaluation
Creative Thinking:
Creative Thinking:
willing to take
focuses on
risks and explore
quantity and
unconventional
variety of ideas
ideas

Critical thinking:
Critical thinking:
focuses on quality
cautious and
and validity of
risk-averse
ideas
10 Differences Between Creative Thinking and Critical Thinking

Outcome Tools
Creative Thinking:
Creative Thinking:
brainstorming,
new ideas,
mind mapping,
innovations, and
free writing, and
problem-solving
visualization

Critical thinking: Critical thinking:

informed decisions,
analysis, evaluation,
sound judgements,
argumentation, and
and effective
decision-making
problem-solving
10 Differences Between Creative Thinking and Critical Thinking

Thinking
style Role
Creative Thinking: Creative Thinking:
lateral thinking, generates new
divergent, out of possibilities and
the box thinking solutions

Critical thinking:
Critical thinking:
linear thinking,
evaluates and
convergent
selects the best
thinking, and
options
logical thinking
Creative Thinking Critical Thinking
Critical thinking requires a predisposition
to be critically analytic in the process of
making sense of arguments and logic and
rendering informed decisions and
judgments in an effort to make a well-
reasoned, clear and responsive
conclusion.
The quest for purpose involves ability to get to know
the user (community), recognize and define their
problem using critical thinking and empathetic
understanding. An innovation is bound to be useless
unless we understand, connect and care for the user
(community).

This is empathetic understanding.

Understanding Empathy

1. Empathy is a Skill, Not a Trait: This challenges the

common
perception of empathy as an innate quality. Instead, he
positions it as a skill that can be learned and developed.

2. Self-Empathy is Crucial: Before extending empathy to

others, individuals must cultivate self-compassion and
understanding of their own emotions and experiences.

3. Empathy and Sympathy Differ: Empathy means the

understanding another's perspective, and sympathy means
feeling sorry for someone.
Cultivating Empathy

4. Active Listening is Key: Effective communication

and truly understanding another person's viewpoint
require active listening without interruption or
judgment.

5. Perspective-Taking is Essential: To develop

empathy, individuals must practice stepping into
another person's shoes to understand their
experiences and emotions.

6. Mindfulness Enhances Empathy: Being present

in the moment and focused on the other person helps
The Impact of Empathy

7. Empathy Builds Stronger Connections: By

understanding and validating others' feelings,
empathy strengthens relationships and fosters
trust.

8. Empathy Drives Positive Change: The book

highlights the role of empathy in creating a more
compassionate and just society.

9. Empathy Enhances Personal Growth:

Developing empathy leads to increased self-
Practical Application

10. Daily Practice is Essential:

This emphasizes the importance of
consistent practice to develop
empathy as a habit.

Michael Tennant's "The Power of Empathy"

Essential steps used in this phase:

1. Identification of a problem/ issue in a

community
2. Preliminary research- through books,
internet
3. Ethnographic Research- to gain deeper
understanding and connection with the user

4. Analyzing Data

5. Creation of Persona
Step 1. Identification of a Problem/Issue

In this step you may start looking for

possible projects that you will work on.
Identify a problem or issue in your school
that is close to your heart. Who do you
want to help? Why do you want to help
them?
 vi t y
Acti Who needs help?

What is the
problem/issue
What factors
about? contribute to the
problem?

Which SDG/s can

be linked?

What innovation would

wish to solve this What is currently being
problem? done to address the
problem?
Step 2. Preliminary Research

Conduct an online research to gather preliminary

information about the problem and issue. Is this
problem happening in other places? Take note,
you are not supposed to think of any solution at
this point. You are doing this to understand more
the problem/ issues around your user.
 Combine the information you
gathered from Step 1 and Step 2.
At this point,
you are now ready to identify the
problem and craft your problem
statement!
 Crafting a Problem Statement
Identify the verb + Identify the user + Problem to be tackled

Examples:
How can we help the students of ISU become more effective and self-directed learners?

How can we motivate Education students attend online classes?

How can we encourage the Cauayeňos refrain from going out?

How can we educate facebook users post constructive messages?

How can we strengthen the youth of Cauayan build responsibility?