PROBLEMS INVOLVING

HYPOTHESIS TESTING
The following steps are suggested in testing the hypothesis.
From here on , we will refer to this as the five-step solution.

2. Set the level of significance α, then determine the

1. Formulate and

type of hypothesis test

and the tabular or p-value
3. Determine and compute for the test
statistic.
4. Determine the critical value or the p-value .Make your
decision.
Ex. 1 The leader of the association of jeepney drivers claims
that the average daily take home of all jeepney in Pasay City is
P 400. 00. A random sample of 100 jeepney drivers in Pasay
City was interviewed and the average daily take home pay of
these drivers is found to be P 425. Use a 0. 05 significance
level to find out if the average daily take home pay of all
jeepney drivers in Pasay City is different from P 400. 00.
Assume that the population standard deviation is P 92. 00.
 Level of Significance
Test Type
𝛼 = 0.01 𝛼 = 0.025 𝛼 = 0.05 𝛼 = 0.10

left-tailed test −2.33 −1.96 −1.645 −1.28

right-tailed 2.33 1.96 1.645 1.28

test
two-tailed ±2.575 ±2.33 ±1.96 ±1.645
test
The leader of the association of jeepney drivers claims that the
average daily take home of all jeepney in Pasay City is P 400. 00. A
random sample of 100 jeepney drivers in Pasay City was
interviewed and the average daily take home pay of these drivers
is found to be P 425. Use a 0. 05 significance level to find out if the
average daily take home pay of all jeepney drivers in Pasay City is
different from P 400. 00. Assume that the population standard
deviation is P 92. 00.
 Table of Areas under the Normal
Z 0.00 0.01 0.02 0.03 0.04 0.05 0.06 0.07 0.08 0.09
0.0 0.0000 Curve
0.0040 0.0080 0.0120 0.0160 0.0199 0.0239 0.0279 0.0319 0.0359
0.1 0.0398 0.0438 0.0478 0.0517 0.0557 0.0596 0.0636 0.0675 0.0714 0.0753
0.2 0.0793 0.0832 0.0871 0.0910 0.0948 0.0987 0.1026 0.1064 0.1103 0.1141
0.3 0.1179 0.1217 0.1255 0.1293 0.1331 0.1368 0.1406 0.1443 0.1480 0.1517
0.4 0.1554 0.1591 0.1628 0.1664 0.1700 0.1736 0.1772 0.1808 0.1844 0.1879
0.5 0.1915 0.1950 0.1985 0.2019 0.2054 0.2088 0.2123 0.2157 0.2190 0.2224
0.6 0.2257 0.2291 0.2324 0.2357 0.2389 0.2422 0.2454 0.2486 0.2517 0.2549
0.7 0.2580 0.2611 0.2642 0.2673 0.2704 0.2734 0.2764 0.2794 0.2823 0.2852
0.8 0.2881 0.2910 0.2939 0.2967 0.2995 0.3023 0.3051 0.3078 0.3106 0.3133
0.9 0.3159 0.3186 0.3212 0.3238 0.3264 0.3289 0.3315 0.3340 0.3365 0.3389
1: ..0 0.3413 0.3438 0.3461 0.3485 0.3508 0.3531 0.3554 0.3577 0.3599 0.3621
1.1 0.3643 0.3665 0.3686 0.3708 0.3729 0.3749 0.3770 0.3790 0.3810 0.3830
1.2 0.3849 0.3869 0.3888 0.3907 0.3925 0.3944 0.3962 0.3980 0.3997 0.4015
1.3 0.4032 0.4049 0.4066 0.4082 0.4099 0.4115 0.4131 0.4147 0.4162 0.4177
1.4 0.4192 0.4207 0.4222 0.4236 0.4251 0.4265 0.4279 0.4292 0.4306 0.4319
1.5 0.4332 0.4345 0.4357 0.4370 0.4382 0.4394 0.4406 0.4418 0.4429 0.4441
Z 0.00 0.01 0.02 0.03 0.04 0.05 0.06 0.07 0.08 0.09
1.6 .4452 .4463 .4474 .4484 .4495 .4505 .4515 .4525 .4535 .4545
1.7 .4554 .4564 .4573 .4582 .4591 .4599 .4608 .4616 .4625 .4633
1.8 .4641 .4649 .4656 .4664 .4671 .4678 .4686 .4693 .4699 .4706
1.9 .4713 .4719 .4726 .4732 .4738 .4744 .4750 .4756 .4761 .4767
2.0 .4772 .4778 .4783 .4788 .4793 .4798 .4803 .4808 .4812 .4817
2.1 .4821 .4826 .4830 .4834 .4838 .4842 .4846 .4850 .4854 .4857
2.2 .4861 .4864 .4868 .4871 .4875 .4878 .4881 .4884 .4887 .4890
2.3 .4893 .4896 .4898 .4901 .4904 .4906 .4909 .4911 .4913 .4916
2.4 .4918 .4920 .4922 .4925 .4927 .4929 .4931 .4932 .4934 .4926
2.5 .4938 .4940 .4941 .4943 .4945 .4946 .4948 .4949 .4951 .4952
2.6 .4953 .4955 .4956 .4957 .4959 .4960 .4961 .4962 .4963 .4964
2.7 .4965 .4966 .4967 .4968 .4969 .4970 .4971 .4972 .4973 .4974
2.8 .4974 .4975 .4976 .4977 .4977 .4978 .4979 .4979 .4980 .4981
2.9 .4981 .4982 .4982 .4983 .4984 .4984 .4985 .4985 .4986 .4986
3.0 .4987 .4987 .4987 .4988 .4988 .4989 .4989 .4989 .4990 .4990
Ex 2. According to a study done last year, the average monthly
expenses for cellphone loads of high school students in Manila
was P350. A Statistics student believes that this amount has
increased since January of this year. Is there a reason to believe
that this amount has really increased if a random sample of 60
students has an average monthly expenses fro cellphone loads of
P380?Use 0.05 level of significance. Assume that the population
standard deviation is P 77.
According to a study done last year, the average monthly
expenses for cellphone loads of high school students in Manila was
P350. A Statistics student believes that this amount has increased
since January of this year. Is there a reason to believe that this
amount has really increased if a random sample of 60 students
has an average monthly expenses fro cellphone loads of P380?Use
0.05 level of significance. Assume that the population standard
deviation is P 77.
Ex [Link] Head of the Math Department announced that the mean
score of Grade 9 students in the first periodic examination in
Mathematics was 89 and the standard deviation was 12. One
student who believed that the mean score was less than this,
randomly selected 34 students and computed their mean score.
She obtained a mean score of 85. At 0.01 level of significance, test
the student’s belief.
The Head of the Math Department announced that the mean score
of Grade 9 students in the first periodic examination in
Mathematics was 89 and the standard deviation was 12. One
student who believed that the mean score was less than this,
randomly selected 34 students and computed their mean score.
She obtained a mean score of 85. At 0.01 level of significance, test
the student’s belief.
Ex 4. It was announced over the radio that the average price of a
kilogram of pork liempo in Metro Manila is P195. However, a
sample of 15 prices randomly collected from different markets in
Metro Manila showed an average of P200 and a standard deviation
of P9.50. Using a 0.05 level of significance, is there sufficient
evidence to conclude that the average price of pork liempo in
Metro Manila is more than P195? Normally is assumed over the
population.
It was announced over the radio that the average price of a
kilogram of pork liempo in Metro Manila is P195. However, a
sample of 15 prices randomly collected from different markets in
Metro Manila showed an average of P200 and a standard deviation
of P9.50. Using a 0.05 level of significance, is there sufficient
evidence to conclude that the average price of pork liempo in
Metro Manila is more than P195? Normally is assumed over the
population.
Ex 5. According to last year’s report, a Filipino household spends
an average of P400 per day for food. Suppose you recently took
random samples of 25 households. You determined how much
each household spent for food each day and the results revealed a
mean of P390 and a standard deviation of P 21.50. Using a 0.01
level of significance, can it be concluded that the average amount
spent per day for food of a Filipino household has decreased?
Assume normality over the population.
According to last year’s report, a Filipino household spends an
average of P400 per day for food. Suppose you recently took
random samples of 25 households. You determined how much
each household spent for food each day and the results revealed a
mean of P390 and a standard deviation of P 21.50. Using a 0.01
level of significance, can it be concluded that the average amount
spent per day for food of a Filipino household has decreased?
Assume normality over the population.
Ex 6. A company selling light bulbs claims that the average life of
its light bulbs is 20, 000 hours. A client who thinks that the
average life of the light bulbs is less than this, tested a random
sample of 55 light bulbs. The test resulted to a sample mean of
19, 975 hours and standard deviation of 100 hours. Is there
sufficient evidence to conclude that average life of the
company’s light bulbs is less than 20, 000 hours? Use 0. 05 level
of significance.
 TEST
CONCERNING
PROPORTIONS
The Central Limit Theorem is not limited to sample means. It can also be
applied to sample proportions. The sample size is considered sufficiently
large if np > 5 and nq > 5. The standard deviation of the sample
proportion is Substituting for p for , and for the standard deviation in
the formula will result to the following formula that can be used as
appropriate test statistics to test the hypothesis about population
proportion p.

or
where

p = population proportion
n = sample size
q=1–p
1. It is believed that the in the coming election, 65% of the voters
in the province of Pampanga will vote for the administration
candidate for governor. Suppose 713 out of the 1, 150 randomly
selected voters indicate that they would vote for the
administration candidate. At 0.10 level of significance, find out
whether the percentage of voters for the administration candidate
is different from 65%.
2. A researcher conducted on a certain company last year
showed that 25% of the employees would rather drink coffee
than soft drinks during break time. The company has recently
decided to give free coffee during break time. In the new
research conducted this year, out of the 125 randomly sampled
employees 28% said that they would rather drink coffee than
soft drink. At 0.01 level of significance, is there sufficient
evidence to suggest that the coffee drinkers have increased
since the company has decided to give free coffee during break
time?
B
3. Before the Mayweather vs Pacquiao’s Fight of the Century, 75%
of the people in Manila said that they preferred boxing over
basketball. After the fight. Out of the 150 randomly chosen people
in Manila, 105 said they preferred boxing over basketball. Does
this indicate that people in Manila are losing interest in boxing?
Use 0.05 level of significance.
1. For one-sample mean group

2. For two-sample groups with sizes

Two sample means with

Two population means with

Two sample means with

Two population means with

1. The data were gathered from the result of testing the
effectiveness of two different strategies in increasing the
mean sales of a product. Can we conclude that there is a
significant difference between the two strategies based from
the mean sales? Test the hypothesis using a two-tailed test at

Strategy A : = P 155, 000 = P 7, 000 and = 45 locations

with the given data in each strategy.

Strategy B : = P 149, 000 = P 5, 000 and = 45 locations

Solution:
2.
3. two-tailed test,

4. Decision: Reject , Accept

5. There is a significant difference between the mean sales of the two
strategies.
2. The data were gathered from the result of testing the
effectiveness of two different strategies in increasing the mean
sales of a product. Can we conclude that there is a significant
difference between the two strategies based from the mean
sales? Test the hypothesis using a one-tailed test at with the

Strategy A : = P 155, 000 = P 7, 000 and = 40 locations

given data in each strategy.

Strategy B : = P 149, 000 = P 5, 000 and = 45 locations

Solution:
1.
2. -tailed test,

3. Decision: Reject , Accept

4. The mean sales of the product from strategy A is higher than the mean
sales of the product in strategy B.
[Link] one-sample mean group
where df = n - 1
2. For two-sample t-test
Two sample means with
where
Two sample means with
where

Two population means with

Two sample means with ,

Two population means with

1. A teacher wishes to find out if the E-learning teaching
method is more effective than the traditional lecture
method. Foe each of the teaching method, 15 students
of approximately equal intelligence were selected to be
part of the study. After two months of conducting the
two methods to the students, a 30-item test was given
Studen 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15
to
ts them to assess their performance. The scores of the
students
Propose 30 are
2 29 shown
20 18 below.
19 16 27 22 24 26 28 30 29 18
d 8
Existing 25 2 20 30 16 21 15 25 28 21 19 17 18 13 19
7

Is the E-learning teaching method more effective than the

traditional method? Use
Summary of the results is shown in the table.
Method n s
Proposed =15 =24.27 =4.98

Solution:
Existing =15 =20.93 =5.05

1.
2. -tailed test,

3. Decision: Reject , Accept

4. The E-learning method is more effective than the
traditional method of teaching.
2. A teacher wishes to find out if the E-learning teaching
method is more effective than the traditional lecture
method. Foe each of the teaching method, 15 students of
approximately equal intelligence were selected to be part
of the study. After two months of conducting the two
methods to the students, a 30-item test was given to
Studen 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15
themts to assess their performance. The scores of the
students are2 shown
Propose 30 29 20 below.
18 19 16 27 22 24 26 28 30 29 18
d 8
Existing 25 2 20 30 16 21 15 25 28 21 19 17 18 13
7

Test the hypothesis if there is no significant difference

between the mean scores of students in the two methods
Summary of the results is shown in the table.
Method n s
Proposed =15 =24.27 =4.98

Solution:
Existing =14 =21.07 =5.21

1.
2. -tailed test,

3. Decision: Accept , Reject

4. There is no significant difference between the mean
scores of the two groups of students in the study.