C++ Assignment Operators

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C++ assignment operators are used to assign values to variables. These operators allow you to set or update the value stored in a variable.

List of C++ Assignment Operators

There are following assignment operators supported by C++ language

Operator Description Example
= Simple assignment operator, Assigns values from right side operands to left side operand. C = A + B will assign value of A + B into C
+= Add AND assignment operator, It adds right operand to the left operand and assign the result to left operand. C += A is equivalent to C = C + A
-= Subtract AND assignment operator, It subtracts right operand from the left operand and assign the result to left operand. C -= A is equivalent to C = C - A
*= Multiply AND assignment operator, It multiplies right operand with the left operand and assign the result to left operand. C *= A is equivalent to C = C * A
/= Divide AND assignment operator, It divides left operand with the right operand and assign the result to left operand. C /= A is equivalent to C = C / A
%= Modulus AND assignment operator, It takes modulus using two operands and assign the result to left operand. C %= A is equivalent to C = C % A
<<= Left shift AND assignment operator. C <<= 2 is same as C = C << 2
>>= Right shift AND assignment operator. C >>= 2 is same as C = C >> 2
&= Bitwise AND assignment operator. C &= 2 is same as C = C & 2
^= Bitwise exclusive OR and assignment operator. C ^= 2 is same as C = C ^ 2
|= Bitwise inclusive OR and assignment operator. C |= 2 is same as C = C | 2

Example of Assignment Operators

Try the following example to understand all the assignment operators available in C++.

Copy and paste the following C++ program in test.cpp file and compile and run this program.

#include <iostream>
using namespace std;

main() {
   int a = 21;
   int c ;

   c =  a;
   cout << "Line 1 - =  Operator, Value of c = : " <<c<< endl ;

   c +=  a;
   cout << "Line 2 - += Operator, Value of c = : " <<c<< endl ;

   c -=  a;
   cout << "Line 3 - -= Operator, Value of c = : " <<c<< endl ;

   c *=  a;
   cout << "Line 4 - *= Operator, Value of c = : " <<c<< endl ;

   c /=  a;
   cout << "Line 5 - /= Operator, Value of c = : " <<c<< endl ;

   c  = 200;
   c %=  a;
   cout << "Line 6 - %= Operator, Value of c = : " <<c<< endl ;

   c <<=  2;
   cout << "Line 7 - <<= Operator, Value of c = : " <<c<< endl ;

   c >>=  2;
   cout << "Line 8 - >>= Operator, Value of c = : " <<c<< endl ;

   c &=  2;
   cout << "Line 9 - &= Operator, Value of c = : " <<c<< endl ;

   c ^=  2;
   cout << "Line 10 - ^= Operator, Value of c = : " <<c<< endl ;

   c |=  2;
   cout << "Line 11 - |= Operator, Value of c = : " <<c<< endl ;

   return 0;
}

When the above code is compiled and executed, it produces the following result −

Line 1 - =  Operator, Value of c = : 21
Line 2 - += Operator, Value of c = : 42
Line 3 - -= Operator, Value of c = : 21
Line 4 - *= Operator, Value of c = : 441
Line 5 - /= Operator, Value of c = : 21
Line 6 - %= Operator, Value of c = : 11
Line 7 - <<= Operator, Value of c = : 44
Line 8 - >>= Operator, Value of c = : 11
Line 9 - &= Operator, Value of c = : 2
Line 10 - ^= Operator, Value of c = : 0
Line 11 - |= Operator, Value of c = : 2
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