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LogRocket’s Galileo AI watches every session, surfacing impactful user struggle and key behavior patterns. Zod is the undisputed king of TypeScript validation. In a remarkably short time, it has become the gold standard, celebrated across the ecosystem for its phenomenal developer experience, elegant chainable API, and robust type inference. For countless developers, Zod is not just a library — it

content-visibility is a CSS property that controls whether or not an element renders its contents. It enables the browser to bypass layout and rendering work for elements not immediately needed by a user. This can make the initial page load faster. The content-visibility property is part of the CSS Containment Specification, whose objective is to improve performance. In this article, we will dive

In this article, we’re going to take a look at Cross-Site Request Forgery (CSRF) attacks in the context of a Next.js application and how to protect yourself from them. First, we will explore the concept of CSRF attacks and how they can affect a web application in general. To do this, we will describe a scenario where we will launch a CSRF attack on our Next.js app. Subsequently, we will use the ne

Real-world examples of polymorphic components There’s a nonzero chance you’ve already used a polymorphic component. Open source component libraries typically implement some sort of polymorphic component. Let’s consider some you may be familiar with: the Chakra UI as prop and MUI component prop. Chakra UI’s as prop How does Chakra UI implement polymorphic props? The answer is by exposing an as prop

Editor’s note: This post was updated on 13 April 2023 to include instructions on how to use GitHub Actions to publish the Node.js CLI to npm so it will be accessible to all users. The command line has thousands of tools, such as awk, sed, grep, and find available at your disposal that cut development time and automate tedious tasks. Creating a command line tool in Node.js isn’t very complicated, t

Editor’s note: This post was reviewed for accuracy on 21 March 2024 by Oyinkansola Awosan to reflect the current versions of each framework — Next.js 14.1.4 and Nuxt.js 3.11.1 — as well as to specify use cases for each and summarize their similarities and differences in a comparison table. It was last updated on 11 April 2023. You can read more about Nuxt.js and Next.js in our archive. Next.js and

Editor’s note: This article was last updated on 14 September 2023 to add information about styling components and testing error behavior. Next.js is well known for its file system-based routing. With the addition of the App Router, however, Next.js 13 has changed the way developers must perform many tasks. While it still supports file system-based routing, which uses the Pages Router, the new App

Michael Yuan Michael Yuan is the maintainer of WasmEdge Runtime, a cloud native WebAssembly sandbox project under CNCF. He is the author of six books on software engineering. Connect with Michael on Twitter or GitHub. The Rust programming language has gained mainstream adoption in the past several years. It is consistently ranked as the most beloved programming language by developers and has been

Editor’s note: This article was updated on 3 January 2024 to add Yew and Xilem to the list of Rust GUI libraries. Graphical user interfaces (GUIs) provide an intuitive visual frontend for interacting with computers. GUIs use visual indicators like icons, windows, and menus for better user interaction and experience, unlike command-line interfaces (CLIs) that use text for input and output operation

So, you’ve listened to all the advice and sat down to migrate your code or learn a new standard, but you have questions. ES modules (also known as ESM) are here, but using them is not quite as simple as migrating all your require() expressions into import statements. ES modules were added to Node in Node 13, about the end of 2019. And Node 12—the last version without ESM—is set for “end of life” i

Editor’s note: This article was last updated by Muhammed Ali on 4 November 2024 to cover common issues when building micro-frontends and their solutions, as well as examples of micro-frontend communication strategies such as event-based communication and using React’s Context API. Working on large-scale projects and managing their codebases can be a big challenge for teams. Although micro-frontend

Since its inception in 2010, Three.js has been the de facto standard for building 3D visuals on the web. Over the years, several abstractions have been built on top of this library, consolidating its features and the large ecosystem of JavaScript libraries to create fast, stunning, and performant web applications. As Vue.js has matured, it has become one of the top libraries of choice for componen

In this tutorial, we’ll demonstrate how to build a full-stack DApp, test it on the Ropsten testnet, and deploy it with the Alchemy Web3 development platform. We’ll use Vite, React, and Tailwind CSS to build the DApp frontend and Solidity to create the backend. Jump ahead: Prerequisites Getting started Scaffolding the project Building the UI with Vite+React and Tailwind CSS Building the smart contr

Table of Contents What is Ultra? Features of Ultra Ultra vs Aleph.js The drawbacks to using Ultra Getting started with Ultra Building components in Ultra Deploying an Ultra app In the world of frontend development, React is one of the most popular libraries for developing components for web applications. React v18 includes new features, such as concurrent rendering, and it supports SSR with React

LogRocket’s Galileo AI watches every session, surfacing impactful user struggle and key behavior patterns. Introduction In building or designing software systems, most design decisions come with tradeoffs. Using object-relational mappers (ORMs) has been a controversial subject amongst many developers, since there has always been a debate as to whether they’re really worth it. While in some cases p

Editor’s note: This deep dive into the CSS :where() and :is() functions was last updated on 4 January 2023 to update any outdated information, include sections on the :is() function, and discuss browser compatibility. The CSS :where() function takes in a list of selectors as arguments and minifies them, allowing you to write less code and simultaneously style them all together. In this tutorial, w

Editor’s note: This guide to React design patterns was last reviewed for accuracy by Isaac Okoro on 12 April 2024. The article was also updated to add four more design patterns, covering prop combination, controlled components, forwardRefs, and conditional rendering. It was previously updated to include information about the render props pattern and state reducer pattern. Check out this article fo

Puppeteer is a high-level abstraction of headless Chrome with an extensive API. This makes it very convenient to automate interactions with a web page. This article will walk you through an example use case where we are going to search for a keyword on GitHub and fetch the title of the first result. This is a basic example purely for the sake of demonstration, and it can even be done without Puppe

Now, let’s look at the component hierarchy to understand the relationship between the components. As you can probably see now, the problem we have is that the user object that holds the user’s name is only available at the root component level (App), whereas the component rendering the welcome message is nested deep within our app (Message). This means we somehow have to pass this user object down

Leonardo Losoviz Freelance developer and writer, with an ongoing quest to integrate innovative paradigms into existing PHP frameworks, and unify all of them into a single mental model. A new version of the GraphQL specification has been released: the October 2021 Edition. This new release comes over three years after the previous one (from June 2018) and involved 35 contributors who produced nearl

Maxim Orlov "Helping JavaScript developers deploy their applications 🚀 Find me online at maximorlov.com and follow me on Twitter @_maximization." Spending hours, or even days, trying to fix an obscure bug is frustrating and unproductive. Eventually, you’ll end up staring at the screen waiting for an eureka moment to magically happen. But what if instead of waiting for the solution to magically co

Editor’s note: This article was updated by Oscar Jite-Orimiono on 27 December 2023 to provide the most recent information regarding native support for CSS nesting, along with updated examples and interactive CodePen demos. Native CSS nesting is when we nest a CSS style rule within another rule to write cleaner and more understandable code. This feature was previously completely unsupported on any

Gapur Kassym I am a full-stack engineer and writer. I'm passionate about building excellent software that improves the lives of those around me. As a software engineer, I enjoy using my obsessive attention to detail and my unequivocal love for making things that change the world. Editor’s note: This article was last updated by Shalitha Suranga on 20 February 2024 to include advanced type checking

Mario Zupan I'm a self-employed Software Engineer and Trainer living in Vienna, Austria. I've worked at several companies and in multiple fields building, maintaining and operating distributed systems at scale using Java, Kotlin, Node, Go and Rust. I also taught advanced software engineering courses for several years at the University of Applied Sciences FH Joanneum in Graz and worked as a technic

In my previous life, I wrote in C++ and later C#, and used both to share code by compiling it to a “library file,” which I and my team could then copy to other projects. Sharing code libraries like this is important so that we aren’t rewriting or duplicating common code again and again for new projects. It seems like it should be as simple to do this in TypeScript. We just compile to JavaScript (w

This article is a follow-up to my previous article showcasing a list of nine superb Vue 3 UI frameworks. These frameworks enhance your Vue app’s development experience, maintainability, and final design. Today, I’ll be talking about five more brand new Vue 3 UI frameworks that ship with a panoply of awesome components (e.g., navbars, inputs, and checkboxes) that will help you effortlessly build in

Forms are an essential part of how users interact with websites and web applications. Validating a user’s data passed through a form is a crucial responsibility for a developer. React Hook Form is a library that helps validate forms in React. It is a minimal library without any other dependencies, and is performant and straightforward to use, requiring developers to write fewer lines of code than