ATOMIC
STRUCTURE:
CLASS-1
LEARNING
INTENTION:
• Stability of an atom is related to its
structure.
STARTER:
LEARNING OBJECTIVE:
• To describe the structure of an atom.
• To state the location and electrical charge of sub-atomic particles.
• To understand how elements are represented in the periodic table
• To define atomic number and mass number
• To calculate the number of subatomic particles inside an atom
SUCCESS CRITERIA:
Key Terms: Atomic Structure
• Atomic number: No. of protons present in the nucleus Mass number
Atomic Mass: no. of protons and neutrons present in nucleus
• VIDEO LINK:
• https://youtu.be/YKZv9bsFD3w
GROUP ACTIVITY:
• ACTIVITY-1
• Enlist first 20 elements in your notebook and arrange them in periodic
table template. Use chemical symbols to complete a draft of periodic table
•
• ACTIVITY-2Each group represent two atoms from the above activity and
represent that in the below format.
• https://youtu.be/YKZv9bsFD3w
• Activity 3:Finding numbers of subatomic particles
• https://youtu.be/-MQNo7HpeRg
ASSESSMENT:AFL-1
ASSESSMENT:AFL-2
CLOSING PLENERY:
• Microsoft forms
• https://forms.office.com/Pages/ShareFormPage.aspx?id=3Kez0n7Vf0GQrRSbhy6aoQl9g_MP939Hj0ZjM6vMT
_dUQUhIT1FaUVZSUFdROUZRR01XMU5SUFhHQy4u&sharetoken=946Ai93RW80QYQERE2hW
QUICK PROGRESS
CHECK:
• Define :Atomic number and Atomic mass
• Atomic number =
• Atomic mass=
• Electrons=
• Protons=
• Neutrons=
• Nucleons=
• In an atom: No: of ---------- =No: of ------------
QUICK PROGRESS
CHECK:
• Define :Atomic number and Atomic mass
• Atomic number =No: of protons in an atom
• Atomic mass=Sum of No: of protons and No: of neutrons
• Electrons= Negatively charged subatomic particles
• Protons= Positively charged particles
• Neutrons= Neutral in charge
• Nucleons= ( Neutrons + Protons) in the nucleus
• In an atom: No: of -Protons- =No: of Electrons
Ch- ATOMIC
STRUCTURE
Class 2
Learning Intention:
To relate structure of an atom to its stability.
Learning Objective
1. To relate stability of the atom to the distribution of electrons
Success Criteria
I am able –
1. To state duplet and octet rule
2. To write the electronic configuration for the given atom.
.
ATOMICITY
The number of atoms in the molecules of an element.
CLASSIFICATION OF ELEMENTS BASED ON ATOMICITY:
1. Monoatomic : One atom in a molecule- eg. He, Ne, Ar
2. Diatomic : Two atoms in a molecule- eg. O2, Cl2, H2
3. Triatomic : Three atoms in a molecule- eg. O3
4. Polyatomic : Many atoms in a molecule- S8 , P4
• Valence shell
• Valence electrons
• Penultimate shell
KEY TERMS • Electronic configuration
• Octet
• Duplet
ENGAGE:
RECAP
Difference between the 2 pictures?
Which one will be bigger in size?
How can we fill all the electrons?
Electronic configuration
• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vfKF6DEhcos
EXPLAIN:
ARRANGEMENT
OF ELECTRONS:
• Electrons are located outside the nucleus and
revolve in shells (energy levels)
• Centrifugal force prevents them from falling
into the nucleus
• Shells are also called energy levels
• Shells are named as K,L,M,N….
• Shell nearest to the nucleus (K) has minimum
energy
• Outermost shell electrons are called Valence
Electrons.
• Outermost shell is known as Valence shell.
DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRONS.
• Each shell has limited capacity and each electron
tries to occupy the shell with minimum energy
• Distribution of electrons in various shells solved by-
Bohr Bury
Factors which govern the distribution of electrons:
Maximum number of electrons in each shell = 2n2 (n =
shell number)
K shell = 2(1) 2 = 2*1 = 2 electrons
L shell = 2 (2)2 = 2* 4 = 8 electrons
M shell = 2 (3)2 = 2* 9 = 18 electrons;
N shell = 2 (4)2 = 2* 16 = 32 electrons
STABILITY OF
AN ATOM
DUPLET OCTET RULE.
• DUPLET RULE :
• Elements that have 2 electrons in their
outermost shell.
• They are STABLE.
• They do not combine with other atoms
to form compounds.
• OCTET RULE :
• Elements have 8 valence electrons.
• They are also STABLE .
• They also do not combine to form
compounds.
EXPLORE:
AFL
ATOMIC NUMBER= no. of
PROTONS
No. of PROTONS= No. of
ELECTRONS
MASS NUMBER (Nucleon
Number)= No. of PROTONS
+ No. of NEUTRONS
EXTEND: Critical thinking Question
What similarities do you observe in the atoms of
the same group?
Evaluate
• AFL
https://quizizz.com/admin/quiz/5f71ebc4ceae7f001c2822ca/electronic-
configuration
Review Success criteria:
I am able to -
Learning Objective
To relate stability of the
• To state duplet and octet rule
atom to the distribution
of electrons • To write the electronic
configuration for the given
atom.
Ch- ATOMIC STRUCTURE
Class -3 ATOMS AND IONS
LEARNING
INTENTION:
• Stability of an atom is related to its
structure.
I SEE,I
THINK,I
WONDER
LEARNING
OBJECTIVE:
• To differentiate between a
neutral atom and an ion
• To differentiate between a
cation and an anion
• To calculate the number of
subatomic particles in an
ion
• To understand the term
atomicity of an element
and a compound.
SUCCESS
CRITERIA:
• I can state the reason for stability of
an atom based on the number of
protons and electrons
• I can draw atomic diagrams for
neutral atoms ( few of first twenty
elements) of the periodic table.
• I can differentiate between a
neutral atom and an ion
• I can describe the difference
between a cation and an anion
• I can state the atomicity of an
element or a compound.
What is an ION?
• https://youtu.be/e3avPgopL-o
• An Ion: An atom or a molecule with a
net electric charge due to the loss or
gain of one or more electrons.
• Ions can be of 2 types:
• 1. Cation: positively charged atom (No.
of protons > No. of electrons) 2. Anion:
Negatively charged atom (No. of protons
< No. of electrons
Atoms form ions to gain stability. –
Atoms- lose electrons- form positive ions-
CATIONS/ positive radicals.
Why do atoms - Atoms gain electrons- form negative ions-
ANIONS/ negative radicals.
form IONS? Monovalent ions/ radicals - when an atom or
group of atoms lose/ gain/ share only one
electron, can be cation or an anion e.g.- K+
Cl- , Na+ , F- , I- , OH- , NH4 +
Bivalent ions/ radicals – when an atom or
group of atoms lose/ gain/ share two
electrons, it can be a cation or an anion e.g.,
Mg 2+, Ca 2+, O2-, SO4 2- (sulphate), CO3 2-
(carbonate)
Polyvalent ions/ radicals-when an atom or
group of atoms lose/ gain/ share more than
two electrons, it can be a cation or an anion
e.g., Al 3+, PO4 3-
ASSESSMENT:AFL-1
ASSESSMENT:AFL-1
ANSWER KEY
ASSESSMENT:AFL-2
ASSESSMENT:AFL-1
ANSWER KEY
TIMSS
Find the
atomicity of
H2SO4.
Answer
Find the
atomicity of
H2SO4.
H=2,S=1,O=4
Atomicity=7
CLOSING PLENARY:
1)How many total atoms are in a molecule of water (H 2O)?
a) 3 b) 4 c)2
2) An ion contains 53 protons, 74 neutrons, and 54 electrons. What is its charge?
a) negative b) neutral c)positive
3)Chloride ion has -------number of protons
a) 17 b) 18 c)20
4) An ion contains 53 protons, 74 neutrons, and 54 electrons. What is its mass
number?
a) 128 b) 107 c) 127
5) Which numbers are added together to give the nucleon number of an ion?
a)proton+electron b) proton+neutron c)electron+neutron
Answer key:
• 1)a
• 2)a
• 3)a
• 4)c
• 5)b
Ch- ATOMIC STRUCTURE
Class 4 ATOMS
Learning Intention:
To relate structure of an atom to its stability.
Learning Objective:
To draw atomic diagrams for neutral atoms ( few
of first twenty elements) of the periodic table.
To evaluate the stability of a given atom by its
atomic structure diagram
Success Criteria:
I am able -
To draw atomic structure for atom of the first 20
elements.
To evaluate the stability of a given atom
structure diagram
• NAME the element in the diagram.
________
PRIOR • There are __ energy levels/
orbitals in it.
KNOWLEDGE
• ____ are the number of valence
CHECK electrons.
• Electronic configuration of lithium
is ______.
• Lithium is _______ in nature.
ATOMIC DIAGRAM OF HELIUM
HELIUM
Atomic number (Z) = 2
Mass number (A) = 4
Number of PROTONS = 2
Number of NEUTRONS = (4 - 2)= 2
Number of ELECTRONS = 2
Electronic configuration = 2
AFL
TASK A : SELF ASSESSMENT (5Marks)
• Choose one Group (either1/2/3).
GROUP 1 GROUP 2 GROUP 3
• Calculate the number of electrons, protons
and neutrons for the element specified. 1. Sodium, Na 1. 1. Aluminium, Al
(Atomic number=11) Magnesium, Mg (Atomic
(1 marks)
(Mass number=23) (Atomic number=13)
• Write down its electronic configuration for or number=12) (Mass
its neutral atom. (1mark) 2. Potassium, K (Mass number=27)
• Draw the atomic diagram for the neutral number=24) or
(Atomic number=19)
atom. (1 mark) or 2. Phosphorus, P
(Mass Number= 39)
2. Calcium, Ca (Atomic
• Mention the number of valence electrons. (Atomic number=15)
(1 mark) number=20) (Mass
(Mass number=30)
• What is the nature of the atom. (1 mark) number=40)
Check answers mark yourself!
P=11
n= 12
Number of Valence electrons= 1 Number of Valence electrons= 2
Nature of the atom = Metal Nature of the atom = Metal
Number of Valence electrons= 2
Number of Valence electrons= 1
Nature of the atom = Metal
Nature of the atom = Metal
Check answers mark yourself
p=15
n=15
Number of Valence electrons= 3
Nature of the atom = Metal Number of Valence electrons= 5
Nature of the atom = Non-metal
Ch- ATOMIC STRUCTURE
Class 5 IONS
Learning Objective
• To state the reason for stability / instability of
an atom
• To draw atomic structures for ions
• To evaluate the stability of a given atom by its
atomic structure diagram
Success Criteria:
I am able -
• To draw atomic structures for atoms and ions
• To evaluate the stability of a given atom using
structure diagram of atom and ion.
ION: An atom or a molecule with a net electric charge
due to the loss or gain of one or more electrons.
Ions can be of 2 types:
1. Cation: positively charged atom
(No. of protons > No. of electrons)
2. Anion: Negatively charged atom
(No. of protons < No. of electrons)
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EIAaGHK5pjA
Radical: Group of atoms with a particular charge on it.
Eg. OH- , SO4 2-
Atomic Diagram for Ions
• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=900dXBWgx3Y&list=RDCMUCS3wWlfG
UijnRIf745lRl2A&index=2
SODIUM ION: Atomic Diagram and its stability
CHLORIDE ion: atomic diagram and its
stability
• Name the atom chosen in Task A.
• State its number of valence electrons. (1
TASK B : SELF mark)
• Draw the atomic diagram of its ion. (2
ASSESSMENT marks)
• State the electronic configuration of the ion.
(1 mark)
• State the name of the noble gas which
matches the electronic configuration of the
ion. (1 mark)
Check Answers and mark yourself!
Sodium ion, Na+ Magnesium ion, Mg+2
Number of valence electron = 8 Number of valence electron = 8
Electronic configuration =(2,8) Electronic configuration =(2,8)
Name of the Noble gas to which e.c. is Name of the Noble gas to which e.c. is
near to = Neon, Ne near to = Neon, Ne
Potassium ion, K+ Calcium ion, Ca+2
Number of valence electron = 8 Number of valence electron = 8
Electronic configuration =(2,8,8) Electronic configuration =(2,8,8)
p=19
Name of the Noble gas to which e.c. is n=20 Name of the Noble gas to which e.c. is
near to = Argon, Ar near to = Argon, Ar
Check answers and mark yourself!
Aluminium ion, Al+3 Phosphorus ion, P3-
Number of valence electron = Number of valence electron = 8
8
Electronic configuration =(2,8,8) p= 15
p= 13
Electronic configuration =(2,8) n= 15
n=14
Name of the Noble gas to which e.c.
Name of the Noble gas to is near to = Argon, Ar
which e.c. is near to = Neon,
Ne
Learning Objective: Review Success criteria:
- To draw atomic diagrams for neutral
atoms ( few of first twenty elements)
of the periodic table. I am able to -
- To state the reason for stability / • To draw atomic structures for
instability of an atom atoms and ions
- To draw atomic structures for ions
- To evaluate the stability of a given • To evaluate the stability of a
atom by its atomic structure diagram given atom structure diagram
HOME WORK
• Draw atomic diagrams of 1st 10 elements in your notebooks.
• Link for electronic configuration
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hSkJzE2Vz_w
