Case Study Reviewer
A case study is both a method of analysis and a specific research design used to examine a
problem. It focuses on a single case rather than a broad population or sample.
Types of Case Studies
There are three primary types:
1. Key Cases – Chosen due to a particular interest in the case or its circumstances.
2. Outlier Cases – Selected because they stand out from the norm and can provide unique
insights.
3. Local Knowledge Cases – Based on existing information that the researcher has already
gathered on a topic.
Forms of Case Studies
Case studies can take four different forms:
1. Illustrative – Descriptive studies that explain a situation and its social relations.
2. Exploratory – Also known as pilot studies; these help identify research questions and
methods for larger studies.
3. Cumulative – Involves collecting and summarizing previously conducted case studies on
a topic.
4. Critical Instance – Used to analyze unique events or challenge existing assumptions
with a deeper understanding.
A case study is a valuable research method that allows in-depth analysis of a specific subject,
contributing to a broader understanding of social, organizational, or scientific phenomena.
Reviewer: The Case Method as a Learning Tool
Definition and Purpose:
The case method focuses on an in-depth study of a specific topic, idea, or hypothesis.
Unlike large-scale studies, case studies provide a detailed examination of a single unit.
They can be used independently or alongside larger formal research.
Advantages of Case Studies:
1. Intensive Study: Allows for a deep and detailed understanding of a subject.
2. Stimulates New Research: Encourages exploration of new areas of study.
3. Unique Insights: Offers perspectives and understanding that other methods may not
provide.
Disadvantages of Case Studies:
1. Lack of Replicability: Findings may not be verified by other studies.
2. Potential Bias: Researchers may unintentionally influence results.
3. Limited Generalization: Conclusions may not apply broadly due to small sample size.
4. Time-Consuming: Requires significant effort and resources.
5. Memory and Judgment Errors: Recollection issues can affect accuracy.
6. Ethical Concerns: Researchers might become too involved, leading to ethical dilemmas.
Key Takeaways:
The case method is valuable for detailed and specific analysis but has limitations in
generalization and objectivity.
Researchers must be cautious of biases and ethical concerns when conducting case
studies.
Despite its drawbacks, it remains an important tool in qualitative research.
Study Tip:
Focus on understanding both the strengths and weaknesses of the case method to evaluate
when it is most appropriately used.
Case Study Reviewer
Understanding a Case Study
A case study is a detailed examination of a particular subject, situation, or organization. It
involves in-depth analysis, interpretation, and discussion, often leading to specific
recommendations or improvements.
Preliminary Steps
1. Obtain the case study material.
2. Formulate guiding questions to answer.
3. Conduct relevant background research.
Identifying a Case
The case study must focus on a specific problem or subject.
It involves in-depth research and contextual understanding.
The study may result in practical recommendations.
Planning and Development
Define the study’s purpose and scope.
Formulate research questions to guide the study.
Focus on a specific and interesting topic.
Conduct thorough and systematic research.
Key Components of a Case Study
1. Study Questions – Should be framed as "how" or "why" questions.
2. Study Propositions – These are statements that suggest a relationship or expectation (not
always required in exploratory studies).
3. Data Analysis Plan – Determining how to evaluate collected data.
4. Logic of Propositions – The rationale behind the study’s focus.
5. Interpretation of Findings – Drawing conclusions based on data analysis.
Case Study Protocol
Overview of objectives, topic, and issues.
Data collection and interview procedures.
List of interview questions.
Guidelines for writing the final report.
Research Methods
Documents (letters, reports, articles, case studies, etc.)
Archival records (business records, survey data, census reports, etc.)
Interviews (structured or open-ended)
Observations (direct and indirect)
Physical artifacts (tools, products, objects related to the case)
Developing a Research Strategy
1. Outline the data collection process.
2. Formulate 4-5 key focus points.
3. Use multiple data sources (interviews, reports, fieldwork, etc.).
4. Develop detailed interview questions (around 15-20).
Interview Process
Obtain informed consent from participants.
Explain the purpose and confidentiality agreements.
Allow subjects to use pseudonyms if needed.
Data Analysis
Organize data into a structured format.
Create a narrative while keeping it concise and engaging.
Use examples and limited numerical data to highlight trends.
Regularly refer back to key study points.
Writing the Case Study
Assume the reader has limited knowledge of the subject.
Provide clear explanations and logical arguments.
Encourage discussion and debate rather than presenting absolute answers.
Conclusion
A case study is an in-depth analysis tool that requires careful planning, thorough research, and
structured interpretation. Unlike scientific studies, it is more opinion-based and aims to provoke
discussion rather than provide definitive answers. By following a systematic approach,
researchers can produce meaningful insights and actionable recommendations.
