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Exogenous Geologic Processes Explained

1. Reforestation and sustainable land management practices can help control erosion. 2. Engineering structures like retaining walls and gabion baskets can help stabilize slopes and control mass wasting. 3. Flood control projects like levees, dams, and diversion channels can help protect areas from flooding during heavy rainfall and sedimentation.

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Rhiza Mae Lax
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581 views25 pages

Exogenous Geologic Processes Explained

1. Reforestation and sustainable land management practices can help control erosion. 2. Engineering structures like retaining walls and gabion baskets can help stabilize slopes and control mass wasting. 3. Flood control projects like levees, dams, and diversion channels can help protect areas from flooding during heavy rainfall and sedimentation.

Uploaded by

Rhiza Mae Lax
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
  • Introduction to Exogenous Processes: Introduces exogenous processes that occur on or near Earth's surface influenced by multiple natural forces.
  • Weathering: Discusses the disintegration of rocks, soil, and minerals through contact with Earth's subsystems.
  • Erosion: Explains the movement of rock debris or soil from one place to another by natural elements.
  • Mass Wasting: Describes the movement of large masses of earth material down slopes under gravity.
  • Sedimentation: Discusses the accumulation of materials in layers on Earth's surface.
  • Practices to Minimize Threats: Proposes methods to mitigate threats posed by exogenous processes to human safety.

Geologic Processes

On Earth:
Exogenous
Processes
Exogenous Processes
The exogenous processes occur on or
near the surface of the earth.

They are usually influence or driven by


gravity, water, wind, and organisms.
Exogenous Processes
• Weathering
– Physical Weathering
– Chemical Weathering
• Erosion
• Mass Wasting
– Debris Flow
– Mudflow
– Slump
• Sedimentation
1.Weathering
It is the disintegration of rocks, soil,
and minerals together with other
materials through contact with Earth’s
subsystems.
The breaking down of soil and rocks
happens in situ or on the spot.
Two Important Types Of
Weathering

–Physical Weathering
–Chemical Weathering
PHYSICAL WEATHERING

Is the breakdown of rocks by mechanical


forces concentrated along rock fractures.

This can occur due to changes, whether


sudden or not, in temperature, pressure,
etc.
Soil Cracks
Chemical Weathering
Is the process by which rocks break down
by chemical reactions.
Oxidation and hydrolysis are chemical
processes that contributes to chemical
weathering.
Acid rain is another contributor to chemical
weathering, which may cause metals or
stones to corrode or deteriorate and change
their properties.
Acid rain
Oxidation
Hydrolysis
2. Erosion
It is the process by which earth’s surface is
worn away by wind, water, or ice.

The process of erosion moves rock debris or


soil from one place to another.

Erosion takes place when there is rainfall,


surface runoff, flowing rivers, seawater
intrusion, flooding, freezing and thawing,
hurricanes, wind, etc.
Human activities cause
erosion
Deforestation
Deforestation,
clearance, clear-
cutting or
clearing is the
removal of a
forest or stand
of trees from
land which is
then converted
to a non-forest
use.
Overgrazing
Grazing is a
method of
feeding in which
a herbivore
feeds on plants
such as grasses,
or other
multicellular
organisms such
as algae.
Mining
Mining is the
extraction of
valuable
minerals or
other
geological
materials
from the
Earth.
3. Mass Wasting
This refers to the movement of large
masses of materials down a slope or a
steep-sided hill or mountain.
It is usually refers to the waste rock that
move downslope due to the pull of gravity.
Debris flow
• Large amount of sediment, usually rocks of
various sizes, falls downslope.

 Unlikea landslide, debris flow does not need


water to flow down.
Mudflow
• Soil and water down a slope. This is
usually happens when near rivers or
streams where soil or sand always
moist or has been soaked in water
for a long period of time.
The weight of the mudflow indicates
the severity of risk when it flows down
the community.
Slump
• It is a slow movement of soil along the curve
surface.
In time, the area
would look curved
because of the
depression formed
by sinking the land.
4. Sedimentation
• It is the
accumulation of
the materials
such as soil, rock
fragments and
soil particles
settling on the
ground.
• Over the time, the sediments load
become thick and forms new layer of
ground.
In small inland
waters, the
sediments will
eventually dry
up the water
and become
part of the soil
• In large bodies of water, the sediment
can form the ocean basin.
• Considered to be the deepest part of the
ocean floor.
What are the practices can be
done to minimize the threats
of exogenous processes to
human safety?

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