PATTERNS
OF
DEVELOPMENT
NARRATION
It refers to a sequential telling of
a story or recounting of a series of
events.
TRANSITIONAL DEVICES
About
Prior to
Tomorrow
Later
Meanwhile
DESCRIPTION
It is similar with narration for having many
specific details, description “emphasizes the senses
by painting a picture of how something looks,
sounds, smells, tastes, or feels. Description is often
used to establish a mood or atmosphere” (Bedford,
Freeman and Worth, 2019, p.2).
TRANSITIONAL DEVICES
Above
Across
Alongside
Between
Beyond
EXEMPLIFICATION
Exemplification is the pattern that presents
the general statement and then provides specific
and concrete examples to expound on the main
idea.
TRANSITIONAL DEVICES
For instance
As an example
For example
In particular
Namely
PERSUASION
It is a pattern that organizes ideas to show
how a set of evidence lead to a logical conclusion
or argument. Specifically, this pattern presents the
issue, the position, and the supporting evidence
that supports the position.
TRANSITIONAL DEVICES
Truly
In fact
Inevitably
In essence
certainly
CAUSE AND EFFECT
It shows the linkage of causation – how
events are influenced or caused by another. “The
author's intent is to tell us how an event always
leads to an outcome. The event is the cause and
the outcome is the result. The relationship is
between the cause and the effect” (Bohaty, 2015,
p. 40).
TRANSITIONAL DEVICES
Since
Due to
For the reason
Consequently
PROBLEM AND SOLUTION
It divides information into two main
sections, one that describes a problem and one that
describes a solution. Here, the author’s intent is to
discuss or propose a solution to a problem. The
relationship between the problem and the solution
is explored (Bohaty, 2015).
TRANSITIONAL DEVICES
Nonetheless
One reason
One solution is
One way is
The problem
DEFINITION
Explains an idea, term or phrase using
distinguishing characteristics or synonyms. It is
used to set working generalizations that help
control the meaning and scope of important terms
or ideas (Perelman et al., n.d.)
TRANSITIONAL DEVICES
Is defined as
As defined
Means
Refers to
To define
CLASSIFICATION
A classification pattern organizes ideas into
categories or divisions based on criteria and
standards. This pattern can be used when
classifying people, objects, events, things, places
and other items.
TRANSITIONAL DEVICES
Another
Another kind
Classified
Final type
The first category
COMPARE AND CONTRAST
Compares two things to highlight their
subtle similarities and differences. The author's
intent is to describe a connection between two
things by showing their distinguishing and shared
attributes (Bohaty, 2015).
TRANSITIONAL DEVICES
Also
As equally
In a similar fashion
Both
What do we mean by
patterns of development?
What are the 6 examples
of patterns of development?
Direction: Using the same groupings.
Select the pattern of development used
on the following topic sentences taken
from different paragraphs.
1. Major events happened
that led to the defeat of
Japan during World War II.
ANSWER:
CAUSE AND EFFECT
2. iPhone 6 has many
features that make it stand
out in the market.
ANSWER:
DESCRIPTION
3. Global warming is one of the
environmental issues and
planting trees is one of the ways
to mitigate its effects.
ANSWER:
PROBLEM AND
SOLUTION
4. With the cost of living
continually rising, minimum
wage must be raised to help
workers out of poverty.
ANSWER:
PERSUASION
5. Cats are very good pets for
many reasons such as they are
attracting luck and a stress
reliever.
ANSWER:
EXEMPLIFICATION
Reflective Essay:
Direction: Answer the following
questions/learning tasks briefly yet
substantially (with at least 2-3 sentences).
Please be guided by the given criteria.
Why is it important for students
to learn how to comprehend and
write according to text structure/
pattern of development?
CRITERIA POINTS
Content 4
Organization 3
Mechanics 3
TOTAL 10
1. In your notebook, construct a
paragraph consisting of 3-5
sentences that shows at least 1
pattern of development.
2. Read and study the remaining
patterns of development. Prepare for
a graded recitation next meeting.
THANK
YOU!
