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Math Functions and Graphs Guide

The document discusses functions and rational functions. It defines key concepts related to functions like domain, range, and the vertical line test. It then covers rational functions, explaining that they involve the division of two polynomial functions. The document outlines properties of rational functions like asymptotes, domain, range, x-intercepts, and y-intercepts. It provides examples for finding horizontal and vertical asymptotes as well as the domain and range.

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Leon Ny
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94 views3 pages

Math Functions and Graphs Guide

The document discusses functions and rational functions. It defines key concepts related to functions like domain, range, and the vertical line test. It then covers rational functions, explaining that they involve the division of two polynomial functions. The document outlines properties of rational functions like asymptotes, domain, range, x-intercepts, and y-intercepts. It provides examples for finding horizontal and vertical asymptotes as well as the domain and range.

Uploaded by

Leon Ny
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Gen Math Reviewer by LJN PUBLICO

INTRO TO FUNCTIONS

Relation- A set of ordered pairs.

Relation consists of:

Domain- The set of first coordinates(x).

Range- The set of the second coordinates(y).

Function- A relation in which an element of


the domain corresponds to exactly one
element of the range.

Concepts of a Function:

● No two ordered pairs have the same x


values, but could have the same y
values.
● Operates an input and produces an
output.
● Can be donated by f(x)=y

Vertical Line Test- Method used to identify if


a graph is a function.

Horizontal Line Test- Method used to identify GRAPHS AND PROPERTIES OF A


if a graph is a one-to-one function. RATIONAL FUNCTION:

Rational Number

𝑝
● A relation is a function if it produces ● Can be represented as 𝑞
only a single output for any given
● p and q are integers and q is not
input.
equal to 0.
Piecewise Function- A function having
Rational Function
different values at different intervals, and it is
composed of more than one equation.
● Involves the division of two polynomial
functions.
OPERATIONS OF FUNCTIONS: 𝑝(𝑥)
● Represented by 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑦 = 𝑞(𝑥)
● p and q are polynomial functions.
● q≠ 0
● If q= 0 it is undefined.
● The degree of the numerator and
denominator should be a
non-negative integer.
Properties:
Asymptotes- A line that the graph
Domain- all values of x. approaches but never intersects.
● Equate the denominator to 0, to make
it undefined. Vertical Asymptote
● Answer: All real numbers except the ● The vertical asymptote is the
value of x. restriction set on the domain.
● Example given: x-1=0 Example given: if x=1
x=1 Then VA= 1
All real numbers except 1. Because VA=x=1

Range- set of all possible outputs/results of Horizontal Asymptote


a function. In finding the Horizontal Asymptote:

In finding the range:

𝑥+3
Example given: 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑥−1
𝑎 1
Solution= 𝑦 = 𝑏 𝑦 = 1 𝑦=1
𝑥+3 Thus= HA= 1
Example give: 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑥−1
𝑎 1 Because HA=y=1
Solution= 𝑦 = 𝑏 𝑦= 1 𝑦=1
Answer: All real numbers except 1.

X-intercepts- Points at which the graph For Intersection with HA:


crosses the x-axis. (Also one of the zeroes). ● Let y be the value of HA.
● Let y=0. ● Example given= y=1
● Example:
● Zeroes:
x=-3

Composition

(𝑓𝑜𝑔)(𝑥) = 𝑓(𝑔(𝑥))
Y-intercepts- Points at which the graph Example:
crosses the y-axis.
● Ley x=0.
● Example:
Involves a fraction:

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